Cultural Change Research Articles

Unlocking urban regeneration projects: A case study of Royal Railway Station in Phnom Penh, Cambodia

Drawing on theories that encourage compact urban patterns and propose walkable and transit-oriented developments, the article argues that the creation of calibrated pilot projects embedded in the neighborhood grain have the potential to stimulate cultural changes and promote practices that encourage the conceptualization of more sustainable and equitable cities in Southeast Asia. In this context, the article presents the case of the renovation of the old railway station terminal in Phnom Penh (the capital of Cambodia). The building is located in an area that forms a central node in the overall urban structure and could serve as a driving force for the activities of the emerging Central Business District, insisting on the western edge of the historic European quarter designed during the French Protectorate period in the early 20th century. Although small in scale, this initial regeneration and conversion of the building into a place capable of hosting more diverse activities can be seen as the first phase of a larger multimodal hub that, combined with a public park, would provide the city with the vital green infrastructure needed to support recent transformations, taking into account not only public interests but also the various private stakeholders.

Impact of Colonial Institutions on Economic Growth and Development in India: Evidence from Night-Lights Data

Previous articleNext article No AccessImpact of Colonial Institutions on Economic Growth and Development in India: Evidence from Night lights dataPriyaranjan Jha and Karan TalathiPriyaranjan Jha Search for more articles by this author and Karan Talathi Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Economic Development and Cultural Change Just Accepted Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/725058 Views: 5Total views on this site HistoryAccepted March 14, 2023 © 2023 The University of Chicago. All Rights reserved.PDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.

Alcohol Ban and Crime: The ABCs of the Bihar Prohibition

Previous articleNext article No AccessAlcohol Ban and Crime: The ABC's of the Bihar ProhibitionRevathy Suryanarayana, Kalyani Chaudhuri, Mrithyunjayan Nilayamgode, and Natasha JhaRevathy Suryanarayana Search for more articles by this author , Kalyani Chaudhuri Search for more articles by this author , Mrithyunjayan Nilayamgode Search for more articles by this author , and Natasha Jha Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Economic Development and Cultural Change Just Accepted Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/725452 HistoryAccepted April 11, 2023 © 2023 The University of Chicago. All Rights reserved.PDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.

Isolating the “Tech” from EdTech: Experimental Evidence on Computer-Assisted Learning in China

Next article No AccessIsolating the “Tech” from EdTech: Experimental Evidence on Computer Assisted Learning in ChinaMa Yue, Robert Fairlie, Prashant Loyalka, and Scott RozelleMa Yue Search for more articles by this author , Robert Fairlie Search for more articles by this author , Prashant Loyalka Search for more articles by this author , and Scott Rozelle Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Economic Development and Cultural Change Just Accepted Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/726064 HistoryAccepted May 23, 2023 © 2023 The University of Chicago. All Rights reserved.PDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.

Cytotoxic and molecular differences of anticancer agents on 2D and 3D cell culture.

Cancer and multidrug resistance are regarded as concerns related to poor health outcomes. It was found that the monolayer of 2D cancer cell cultures lacks many important features compared to Multicellular Tumor Spheroids (MCTS) or 3D cell cultures which instead have the ability to mimic more closely the in vivo tumor microenvironment. This study aimed to produce 3D cell cultures from different cancer cell lines and to examine the cytotoxic activity of anticancer medications on both 2D and 3D systems, as well as to detect alterations in the expression of certain genes levels. 3D cell culture was produced using 3D microtissue molds. The cytotoxic activities of colchicine, cisplatin, doxorubicin, and paclitaxel were tested on 2D and 3D cell culture systems obtained from different cell lines (A549, H1299, MCF-7, and DU-145). IC50 values were determined by MTT assay. In addition, gene expression levels of PIK3CA, AKT1, and PTEN were evaluated by qPCR. Similar cytotoxic activities were observed on both 3D and 2D cell cultures, however, higher concentrations of anticancer medications were needed for the 3D system. For instance, paclitaxel showed an IC50 of 6.234µM and of 13.87µM on 2D and 3D H1299 cell cultures, respectively. Gene expression of PIK3CA in H1299 cells also showed a higher fold change in 3D cell culture compared to 2D system upon treatment with doxorubicin. When compared to 2D cell cultures, the behavior of cells in the 3D system showed to be more resistant to anticancer treatments. Due to their shape, growth pattern, hypoxic core features, interaction between cells, biomarkers synthesis, and resistance to treatment penetration, the MCTS have the advantage of better simulating the in vivo tumor conditions. As a result, it is reasonable to conclude that 3D cell cultures may be a more promising model than the traditional 2D system, offering a better understanding of the in vivo molecular changes in response to different potential treatments and multidrug resistance development.

Delivering a culture change in property guardianship: recommendations for reform to the regulatory landscape

Delivering a culture change in property guardianship: recommendations for reform to the regulatory landscape

Decreased patient discharges on weekends: part 2-what do the ward nurses tell us?

Hospital and emergency department (ED) crowding is exacerbated on Mondays because fewer in-patients are discharged during the weekend. We evaluated the experiences and attitudes of in-patient ward nurses to better understand the challenges they face when considering the weekend discharge of their patients. We conducted a qualitative study of in-patient ward nurses, using the theoretical domains framework (TDF), at two campuses of a major academic health sciences centre. The interview guides consisted of, first, a series of questions to explore the typical processes involved for safe patient discharges and, second, exploration of the influence of the 14 TDF domains. All interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and anonymized and then imported into NVivo qualitative software for data management and analysis. Analysis was conducted in three stages (coding, generation of specific beliefs, identification of relevant and nonrelevant domains). The 28 interviewed nurses represented a variety of medical, surgical and other wards, and reported being acutely aware of the pressures to discharge patients on weekends (knowledge). They believed that increasing weekend discharges would improve hospital flow and aid in decanting the ED (beliefs about consequences). However, they also acknowledged that the weekend discharge pressures might result in patients being discharged prematurely and bouncing back to the hospital (beliefs about consequences). Overall, the nurses reported that as a hospital culture, discharging patients was not much of a priority (goals; environmental context and resources). We know there are much fewer discharges on weekends, and this is associated with significant hospital and ED crowding on Mondays. This study has illuminated the many challenges faced by in-patient ward nurses when considering the discharge of admitted patients on weekends. In order to decrease ED and hospital crowding related to decreased weekend discharges, hospitals will need to effect a culture change amongst all staff.

Revisiting the obedience orientation in India

The present study attempts to understand what happens to conventional values like obedience in a changing socio-cultural milieu. There are two possible courses. Either the society tends to move towards the values of autonomy, independence, and individuality from the conventional values of obedience and interdependence (Lerner in The passing of traditional society: modernizing the middle east, Press Identifier Glencoe, 1958 and Schramm in Mass media and national development. The role of information in developing countries, Stanford University, California, 1964), or old values are aptly modified by interacting with new values (Trommsdorff, in: Noack (Ed) Psychological responses to social change: Human development in changing environments, de Gruyter, Berlin, 1995). Indian studies demonstrate that co-existence is a preferred strategy of Indians to accommodate cultural changes (Mishra, In: Sharan and Suar (Eds) Psychology matters: development, health, and organization, Allied Publishers, New Delhi, 2007, Mishra, Sinha and Berry in Ecology, acculturation, and psychological adaptation: a study of Adivasis in Bihar, Sage Publication, New Delhi, 1996, Chaubey in Psychol Dev Soc 14:201–220, 2002, Mishra and Sinha in Soc Sci Int 28:159–175, 2012). Testing these ideas regarding obedience, a study was conducted in Varanasi, with 30 participants (15 boys, 15 girls) aged 18–19 years randomly selected for the sample. They were given a questionnaire with ten open-ended questions assessing obedience's meaning, significance, flexibility, and context. Thematic analysis showed that the value of obedience is very significant in the lives of young people. It serves four functions, viz., knowledge function, self-enhancement function, harmonising function, and other miscellaneous functions for them. However, signs of acculturation are also evident in increased demands for autonomy and independence. This makes obedience more flexible and context-bound than before. In an attempt to balance autonomy with relatedness, a guided autonomy model has emerged in India which helps Indian youth accommodate cultural change without getting uprooted.

From what works to what matters: Whole person cancer care and the integrative oncology leadership collaborative (IOLC).

e13567 Background: In 2021-2022, a two-year integrative oncology leadership collaborative ( IOLC ) was established with a goal to routinize whole person care. Thirteen cancer organizations met virtually 1-2x/month, including community, federal and academic centers. The IOLC defined whole person cancer care, adapted & tested open-source patient intake/PROs, education, and workflow resources from primary care, anchored in “what matters” for patients in oncology, and implemented practice change in their settings. Methods: Based on concepts and tools used in whole person primary care , and, with iterative discussion, the IOLC defined minimal required elements for whole person cancer care. Patient advocates, oncology social workers, physicians & nurses came together to draw from efforts that alleviate suffering in palliative, integrative, supportive, and other forms of (mostly) unreimbursed care. Six cancer survivor-advocate members vetted patient-facing resources. Subject matter experts reviewed topics important for clinical initiatives (e.g. group visit models , patient education resources ), shared best practices and solidified commitments to provide whole person care. To assess outcomes, a post-participation survey was fielded. Results: Minimal required elements (MREs) of whole person care were defined as: 1) inclusion of patient & caregiver voice in programming/care plans, 2) explicitly anchoring to “what matters” to the patient in shared decision making and goals of care (using PROs), and 3) supporting safe choices in complementary & integrative modalities. Challenges faced across organizations were: 1) leadership involvement, 2) patient understanding/engagement, 3) resource availability (time/financial), and 4) team alignment. Adaptation of primary care tools to oncology was successful; 15 “pocket guides” gained 2049 page views in 20 mos (top 3: cannabis 18%, nutrition 13%, patient advocacy 10%) and the American Cancer Society adopted the IOLC resources for distribution in 2024. Multi-institutional success occurred via publications and projects such as retooled nurse navigation, survivorship & wellness programs . Survey response rate was 54% (7 of 13 clinical sites). 89% increased whole person health services following IOLC participation (44% moderately or significantly). 100% reported use of the resources in patient care (55% often, 45% periodically). Conclusions: A definition of whole person cancer care, derived from broad consensus, identified MREs that allowed startup success across practice settings. An inclusive community of professionals & patients furthered whole person care with national impact, partnerships and culture change based on what matters to patients.

Family-school cooperation in multicultural schools: a missing piece in teacher education in Norway

ABSTRACT Teacher education must remain responsive to social and cultural changes in order to empower teachers to better understand, support, and collaborate with families with transnational backgrounds. Current research demonstrates that the needs and concerns of transnational parents in relation to the educational experiences of their children can be unmet or misunderstood by teachers in monolingual and monocultural contexts. In Norway, further research is needed to more critically understand how teachers are being prepared through teacher education programmes to cooperate with families of a transnational background, who continue to increase in numbers in most areas of the country. Based on a critical multicultural perspective, this study examined the experiences and perspectives of twelve student teachers from four teacher education programmes in Norway concerning family-school cooperation. Findings illustrate that a component focused on this topic is largely missing from teacher education curricula and that student teachers need more and better support through theory and practice on how to initiate, facilitate, and build on family-school cooperation with parents with transnational backgrounds. Without such a component, future teachers may miss out on opportunities to support families with transnational backgrounds and to counter deficit-oriented perspectives on diversity.

Climate Change and Cultural Heritage: A Global Mapping of the UNESCO Thematic Indicators in Conjunction with Advanced Technologies for Cultural Sustainability

This study investigates the relationship between cultural heritage and climate change, assessing the global implementation of advanced technologies in line with UNESCO’s Thematic Indicators for Cultural Sustainability. Few studies have been conducted on this topic; hence, theoretical background examines the keywords related to cultural heritage preservation, conservation, restoration, climate change mitigation, and adaptation, as well as the intersection of culture and climate change. It also analyses the definitions provided by leading global organizations and explores the use of advanced technologies in protecting cultural heritage. The research methodology is based on an analytical method consisting of a bibliometric assessment and a scientometric assessment. The bibliometric and scientometric analyses map occurrences, frequencies, and intercorrelations of these keywords with UNESCO Thematic Indicators and advanced technology utilization. The findings reveal a predominance of conservation-related Thematic Indicators, suggesting a conservative approach to cultural sustainability, particularly for environmental resilience, wealth, and livelihoods. In terms of advanced technologies, laser scanning and photogrammetry are used for both conservation and restoration purposes, while chromatography and virtual tours are mainly applied to conservation and preservation practices. Otherwise, infrared thermography, X-ray imaging, and online platforms are used, respectively, for heritage preservation, restoration, and conservation. On the other hand, ground-penetrating radar and remote sensing exhibit fewer connections to heritage protection. The mapping of culture and climate change also highlights the importance of conservation in responding to changing climate conditions. Climate adaptation is closely linked to both conservation and preservation efforts, highlighting the critical role of cultural heritage in fostering climate resilience.

How Well Do Worker Cooperatives Perform in Manufacturing? Evidence from a Large Low-Income Country

Previous articleNext article No AccessHow Well do Worker Cooperatives Perform in Manufacturing? Evidence from a Large Low-Income CountryGirum Abebe and Mulu GebreeyesusGirum Abebe Search for more articles by this author and Mulu Gebreeyesus Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Economic Development and Cultural Change Just Accepted Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/726179 HistoryAccepted June 02, 2023 © 2023 The University of Chicago. All Rights reserved.PDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.

Teaching Black Diaspora Stories with Digital Archives in the Classroom

One of the prime difficulties in the current teaching environment is educating students to make use of research skills that teach them not only how to be good historians but also how to be critical thinkers who can engage and evaluate sources. This piece focuses on the use of well-managed digital archives, which provide students with a focused set of research materials that help build a foundational point of historical inquiry. In addition to discussing the pedagogical benefits of such research, emphasis is also placed on specific assignments centered on several online databases, including “The Land Act Legacy Project Collection” of the South African History Archive (SAHA), the African Activist Archive of Michigan State University, and the “Born in Slavery: Slave Narratives from the Federal Writers’ Project, 1936 to 1938” of the Library of Congress. If these current times have taught anything, it is that digital literacy and proper research methods are essential components in understanding information during times of political and cultural change. By engaging with the stories in these digital archives, students learn about the diversity of opinions and opportunities that defined these stories of the Black diaspora throughout the twentieth century and beyond.

The Problem of Girls' Religious Education in Ultra-Orthodox Judaism: The Case of Sarah Schenirer and Bais Yaakov Movement

In the ultra-Orthodox Jewish tradition, there are different types of schools for men and women, providing education for their varying social and religious roles. This difference is particularly visible in the religious education curricula. Until 1917, the religious education that women were able to receive, albeit to a lesser extent than the religious education received by men, was not systematised. In the late nineteenth century, the rapidly growing interest in the secular world among girls was mainly characterised by the lack of religious education for Jewish girls, and Sarah Schenirer (1883-1935) found it necessary to open religious schools for Jewish girls as a solution. With this initiative, Schenirer called for change in an anti-innovationist culture and aimed to help Ultra-Orthodox girls retain their Jewish identity and remain connected to the community. To this end, Schenirer founded the first Bais Yaakov school in 1917, and within a few years the school grew rapidly into an extensive “network of schools” across Europe, and became known as the Bais Yaakov movement. This initiative acted as the domino that initiated the change in the addressee profile of religious education within the anti-innovationist Ultra-Orthodox Judaism. In this respect, knowing Sarah Schenirer is key to analysing how Bais Yaakov legitimised itself within Ultra-Orthodox Judaism and how this innovation in girls' education found a foundation within a tradition that seemed to lack the necessary resources and support. Considering that there are not enough studies on religious education in Ultra-Orthodox Judaism in Turkey, we believe that this study on the educational activities of Bais Yaakov will contribute to the field of history of religions.

The Importance of Digital Marketing Integration in Strategic Management Planning

This study discusses the importance of digital marketing integration in the company's strategic management plan. Digital marketing has become a key factor in achieving business goals in the increasingly interconnected digital era. The formulated problems include understanding of digital marketing and its integration benefits, challenges in adopting digital marketing, and the role of technology and data analysis in supporting digital marketing integration and accurately measuring campaign effectiveness. In the context of understanding digital marketing, this research outlines the definition and role of digital marketing in the overall marketing strategy. Digital marketing integration opens opportunities to target markets more precisely, enhance customer engagement, and optimize customer experiences. Challenges include technical constraints, changes in organizational culture, and a lack of understanding of digital technology. To overcome these challenges, companies need to invest in resources, gain support from top management levels, and prioritize a data-driven approach in decision-making. The role of technology and data analysis is pivotal in supporting digital marketing integration. Companies should leverage data analytics technology and marketing automation to understand customer behavior, identify market trends, and deliver relevant messages automatically. Data analysis also aids in measuring campaign performance and calculating ROI, enabling companies to allocate marketing budgets effectively. In conclusion, digital marketing integration is not just a choice but a necessity for companies to remain relevant and competitive in an increasingly digital business era. By confronting challenges and optimizing the role of technology, companies can achieve competitive advantage, enhance marketing efficiency, and attain long-term success. A data-driven approach and the utilization of data analysis technology will be key for companies to achieve desired business goals.

Optimizing construction project outcomes through BIM and MEP system integration

The integration of Building Information Modeling (BIM) with Mechanical, Electrical, and Plumbing (MEP) systems represents a transformative approach to improving efficiency, coordination, and cost-effectiveness in construction projects. This paper explores a comprehensive methodology for BIM and MEP integration, encompassing framework development, data management, and collaboration mechanisms. It highlights the significant benefits such as enhanced project coordination, improved efficiency, and cost reduction while addressing key challenges including technical barriers, cultural and organizational changes, and data security concerns. Solutions such as the development of interoperability standards, middleware technologies, robust data management protocols, and collaborative platforms are discussed. The study underscores the necessity of a multifaceted strategy involving training, change management, and leadership commitment to drive successful implementation. Through detailed analysis and discussion, this paper demonstrates how BIM and MEP integration can lead to more streamlined, cost-effective, and high-quality construction projects.

Holistic Approach to Niche Formation: A Case on Transition to Nearly Zero-Energy Buildings in Türkiye

The long-term challenges of climate change are becoming increasingly evident. Considering the ever-increasing need for energy in parallel with population growth and the impact of greenhouse gases, the built environment is among the issues that should be addressed as a priority. As international agreements, the EU, and national legislation become institutionalized, the need to decarbonize the built environment increases. For this reason, there is a need for an understanding that enables the transition to a more sustainable society. In line with this understanding, a transition to zero-energy buildings is required. In this article, the evaluation framework is created by combining the Transition Management (TM) approach, which is a framework developed to understand long-term changes in culture, structure, and practices for sustainable development solutions, and the Strategic Niche Management (SNM) approach, which encourages technological and social change to initiate sustainable innovations at the niche level. Applications regarding energy efficiency and niche formation for the built environment in Türkiye (Gaziantep) were discussed. When the applications and theories are evaluated together, it can be seen that the applications carried out in Gaziantep regarding Nearly Zero Energy Buildings may be starter experiments. However, these projects are insufficient to create a niche, and the developments are progressing very slowly.

Dividing time-An absolute chronological study of material culture from Early Iron Age urnfields in Denmark.

Chronological frameworks based on artefact typologies are essential for interpreting the archaeological record, but they inadvertently treat transitions between phases as abrupt events and disregard the temporality of transformation processes within and between individual phases. This study presents an absolute chronological investigation of a dynamic material culture from Early Iron Age urnfields in Denmark. The chronological framework of Early Iron Age in Southern Scandinavia is largely unconstrained by absolute dating, primarily due to it coinciding with the so-called 'Hallstatt calibration plateau' (c.750 to 400 cal BC), and it is difficult to correlate it with Central European chronologies due to a lack of imported artefacts. This study applies recent methodological advances in radiocarbon dating and Bayesian chronological modelling, specifically a statistical model for wood-age offsets in cremated bone and presents the first large-scale radiocarbon investigation of regional material culture from Early Iron Age in Southern Jutland, Denmark. Dated material is primarily cremated bone from 111 cremation burials from three urnfields. The study presents absolute date ranges for 16 types of pottery and 15 types of metalwork, which include most of the recognised metalwork types from the period. This provides new insights into gradual change in material culture, when certain artefact types were in production and primary use, how quickly types were taken up and later abandoned, and distinguishing periods of faster and slower change. The study also provides the first absolute chronology for the period, enabling correlation with chronologies from other regions. Urnfields were introduced at the Bronze-Iron Age transformation, which is often assumed to have occurred c.530-500 BC. We demonstrate that this transformation took place in the 7th century BC, however, which revives the discussion of whether the final Bronze Age period VI should be interpreted as a transitional phase to the Iron Age.

Propositions pour la prévention et la promotion de la santé bucco-dentaire chez les enfants

At the last congress of the Association Dentaire Française (ADF) (French Dental Association), the minister of health and prevention, François Braun, stressed the importance he attached to oral health prevention. He also emphasized his desire to roll out and extend prevention campaigns, targeting young people in particular. With this in mind, we are working to lay the political foundations for the mass, free distribution of single-use toothbrushes with fluoride toothpaste in schools. This oral health promotion campaign would aim to debunk any myths or misinformation spread by manufacturers and to encourage a profound cultural change in the way children and their parents learn about oral hygiene. The "cavity-score," which is still under development, could help to reinforce the idea, both among the general public and among healthcare professionals, that oral health is not isolated from the rest of the body, and that this health issue cannot be dealt with in isolation, but in conjunction with all healthcare professionals.

An Exploration of Two Different Models of Leadership for Youth Justice Reform

Youth justice in Australia is at a crossroads. A series of recent reviews and inquiries have called for major reform of the sector and identified the need to develop and deliver new and different ways of working. And yet implementing change in youth justice has proven difficult, with an absence of strong and effective leadership identified as a particular issue that constrains progress. In this paper we describe two different models of public service leadership – a ‘transformational leadership’ approach that is widely used in healthcare, and a ‘coherence leadership’ approach developed specifically for use in education. We use these to illustrate how youth justice leaders and leadership teams might approach the task of conceptualizing and delivering an agenda for reform and continuous improvement. We conclude by arguing that it is only by adopting a strategic approach to organizational and cultural change that leaders will be able to successfully engage and equip the workforce to deliver effective justice services for children and young people across Australia and elsewhere.