Legal Culture Research Articles

Preservation of Cultural Heritage Buildings in Central Plains via Novel Detection Approach

Modern nations recognize cultural heritage as an expression of culture and variety. Conserving and repurposing historic buildings has only been more popular in the last decades. Nonetheless, a considerable portion of cultural legacy is afflicted by structural concerns that endanger the safety of buildings and people. Challenges include a scarcity of resources, whether financial, human, or material. This initiative aims to employ deep learning (DL) approaches to preserve cultural heritage buildings, particularly in poor nations where these buildings are still being maintained. To overcome these issues this study proposed a novel Flower Pollination improved Resnet (FP-IResNet) to detect preservation of cultural heritage buildings. The image data were collected from China's cultural heritage buildings. The data is preprocessed using normalization. Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) using extract the features for preprocessed data. The proposed method is implemented using Python software. The findings reveal that the suggested obtained greater performance in the detection of cultural heritage buildings than other traditional algorithms. The suggested concept enables the computerized preservation of cultural heritage buildings, leading to improved accuracy and reduced individual fault. Performance measures show that the model is successful in correctly categorizing and detecting heritage buildings that require preservation, with high accuracy (96.82%), precision (97.21%), recall (97.58%), and an F1 score (93.58%). The research emphasizes how computerized techniques could enhance the precision and effectiveness of CH conservation initiatives

Blending Tradition and Technology: An Ethnographic Study of Gamelan Production at Bogor Gong Factory

This study aimed to uncover insights into how tradition and technology coexist in gamelan production, preserving cultural authenticity while embracing innovation. The research revealed a harmonious interplay between tradition and technology in the production of gamelan instruments at the Bogor Factory in Indonesia. With a historical legacy spanning 370 years, skilled artisans demonstrated an unwavering commitment to preserving Sundanese cultural heritage through traditional craftsmanship. This commitment coexists seamlessly with modern technology, exemplified by smartphone use for tonal fine-tuning. The five-stage manufacturing process highlights precision and artistry, striking a careful balance between tradition and innovation. Key figures like Mr. Krisna and Mr. Hidayat navigated technological challenges, solidifying the Gong Factory in Bogor as a living embodiment of Indonesia cultural richness, bridging the past and future with grace.

Famine and ‘hongersnood’ as transnational memory: Literary legacies of the 1840s food crises in Ireland and the Netherlands

The potato blight in Ireland (1845–1849) and the dire effects of the Phytophthora infestans in the Netherlands (1845–1847) have been investigated primarily through a socioeconomical lens. The cultural practices that have shaped and transmitted the memories of these famine pasts, however, require further examination, especially in connection to the Dutch potato hunger. This article investigates the cultural legacies of these two concurrent famines as both transgenerational and transnational forms of famine memory. Focusing on literary texts, and in particular children’s and young adult novels, as carriers of famine recollections, this study demonstrates recurrent narrative scripts which go back to earliest cultural representations of these hunger crises. While tropes, plotlines and characterisations are thus a form of transgenerational prosthetic memory, the cultural repertoires used to convey famine memory also appear to be transnational, in that Dutch and Irish famine literatures are structured around similar narrative templates.

Exploring the Role of Folklore in Sustaining Cultural Tourism in Meghalaya

Meghalaya, known for its colourful customs, extensive oral history, and breathtaking scenery, has emerged as a major destination for cultural tourism in Northeastern India. The region's identity is fundamentally shaped by the rich history of customs, rituals, and folklore upheld by its indigenous groups, which are predominantly the Khasi, Garo, and Jaintia tribes. In Meghalaya, cultural tourism has grown to be a substantial industry, drawing tourists from both home and abroad who are interested in learning more about the distinctive traditions, celebrations, artwork, folklore storytellers, and way of life of the local tribes. This study explores the function of cultural tourism in Meghalaya, emphasizing how it advances sustainable tourism, cultural heritage preservation, and socioeconomic development. The state’s cultural tourism revolves around festivals, traditions, and folklore, these celebrations provide guests with the excitement of Meghalaya's dynamic culture as ancient myths, stories, songs, enchanting festivals, and traditional ceremonies, which play a vital role in supporting and advancing cultural tourism and provides an unforgettable adventure into the core of indigenous heritage. Furthermore, the study looks at how folklore tourism gives local people the chance to become more economically empowered through guided storytelling and ensuring the preservation of tourism centred around the folklore stories of Meghalaya which is crucial for sustaining the strong cultural legacy of its native communities, providing tourists with a more profound link to the ancient traditions and intriguing legends of the region.

Правосознание и юридическая аномия

The article is devoted to the problem of the reverse influence of the state of legal culture on the state of individual and public legal consciousness. In conditions of transit, which the domestic political regime began to undergo since the mid-80s of the 20th century, the legal culture of Russian society was also under constant pressure from changes occurring at the state level. Such a “transitional” form of legal culture can be revealed through the concept of legal anomie.

Престиж преподавателя высшей юридической школы: некоторые особенности и направления развития

The purpose of the presented article is to identify the main difficulties and obstacles in establishing the socio-legal prestige of the teaching staff of higher education in modern Russia. The authors of the article formulate separate proposals aimed at organizational, legal, cultural and ideological support of the teaching profession of an educational organization. Methodology: the study combines the analysis of social relations and legal regulation in the context of the socio-legal prestige of a higher school teacher. In general, special legal, sociological, cultural, and logical research methods are used. Conclusions. The main conclusion is made in the work: the qualitative components of the socio-legal prestige of a teacher of an educational organization affect not only the state of the professional educational environment, but also determine the development of higher education. The authors of the article believe that objective difficulties and problems that stand in the way of forming the prestige of the teaching profession of an educational organization can lead to deformation of professional legal culture and regression of educational activities. Scientific and practical relevance. The proposed ideas can be used to discuss issues of improving the legal education system within the framework of scientific seminars and conferences. The authors are confident that the development of the higher education system through its social support and actualization can increase the prestige of the work of a teacher of an educational organization. Some of the ideas proposed in the article can be implemented in the field of artistic creativity and culture.

Интеграция юридического образования, науки и практики в Университете прокуратуры Российской Федерации

The article examines the history of the formation and development of the University of the Prosecutor›s Office of the Russian Federation and its institutes (branches), goals and main activities. Attention is paid to the international cooperation carried out by the University with the prosecutor›s offices of foreign countries in protecting the rights and freedoms of citizens, strengthening the rule of law and the rule of law. Being a unique educational and scientific organization in the system of the Prosecutor›s Office of the Russian Federation, which systematically combined the processes of higher education in the specialization «Prosecutorial activity», additional professional education for prosecutors and scientific activity allows the university to train highly qualified personnel for the prosecutor›s office. The comprehensive integration of education, science and practice at the university contributes to the formation of a sufficient level of legal knowledge and skills, professional competencies, and a high degree of legal culture of the prosecutor›s employee.

Multigroup Analysis on Live Selling Purchase Intention in E-Commerce Platform: The Role of Relational Bonds, Language Attitude and Streamer Ability to Achieve the Sustainable Development Goals

Objective: The study aims to analyze the effect of relational bonds and language attitude on streamer ability and live selling purchase intention to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)). It also seeks to reveal the differences in test results between two groups: printed Batik consumers and hand-written Batik consumers. Theoretical Framework: This study employs the theories of relational bonds, language attitude, streamer ability, and live selling purchase intention. Method: This research is a quantitative study that uses convenience sampling with 220 respondents who are consumers of both printed and hand-written Batik. Data is analyzed using a Structural Equation Model (SEM) with Smart-PLS. The analysis includes a multigroup analysis to compare the effects between the two groups. Results and Discussion: The results of the analysis show that the relational bonds and the language attitude of the costumer have a positive effect on the streamer ability and live selling purchase intention to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). The results of the multi-group analysis indicate differences in the analysis between printed Batik consumers regarding the effect of language attitude on streamer ability and the effect of relational bonds on live selling purchase intention. Research Implications: This study proposes several efforts to increase Batik sales, particularly through digital platforms capable of reaching a wider market share. Originality/Value: The study highlights how cultural products like Batik can be marketed effectively through digital platforms, emphasizing the role of cultural authenticity and quality in consumer decision-making to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG).

Ars Erotica: Sex and Somaesthetics in the Classical Arts of Love: Exploring Shusterman’s Writing Identity in the Discourse on the Art of Lovemaking and Body Aesthetics

Standing in marked contrast with Foucauldian notion of “the care for the self” which seeks bodily pleasure by advocating violent practices of consensual homosexual sadomasochism and drugs, Shusterman’s Ars Erotica takes up the notion further by unveiling the idea of somaesthetics that alternatively favors such tranquil, less violent somatic practices as a pursuit of bodily pleasure and cultivation. Rich in its cross-cultural perspectives of how artistic body practices (including the art of love making) are cultivated, Ars Erotica combines important ideas from different philosophical traditions with literary works emanating from varied cultural, religious, and linguistic legacies. The mixture of both philosophy and literature in the book helps reconcile the long-standing disputes regarding the divide between the two scholarships, thus making Shusterman’s writing worthy of investigating. Drawing on these notions of aspects of identity – “self as author” and “discoursal self” (Ivanic, 1998), this article is an attempt to explore these aspects of identity. Thematic coding was used as a technique of data analysis. Findings revealed that aspects of identity can be categorized and suggested as follows: (1) taking control by evaluating while averring to reliable sources, (2) interfering credible sources by infusing personal positioning (3) translanguaging to create aesthetic textual postures.

Attitude to Law as an Indicator of the Journalist’s Legal Culture (Based on the Materials of an Expert Survey)

The article discusses an important part of the professional culture of a journalist – legal culture, which is based on knowledge of legal norms and journalists’ attitude to the law, manifested in their lawful behavior and, in general, in the activities of modern Russian mass media. As part of the research project of the Department of Theory of Journalism and Mass Communications at St. Petersburg State University, Professional Ideology of Journalism, a pilot study of the normative-legal discourse of journalists’ professional culture was conducted. The empirical basis for the study was expert interviews with representatives of print media who have extensive experience in journalism, including the position of editor-in-chief. The purpose of the research is to reveal how sectoral legislation determines the content of journalists’ activities; how journalists feel about the Russian On the Mass Media law and the normative regulation of media activities in general; and, ultimately, how journalistic activities embody the three structural components of a journalist’s legal culture: 1) cognitive; 2) motivational-refl exive and 3) activity-practical. The results of the processing of expert interviews show that, in general, journalists have a respectful attitude toward industry-specifi c legislation and consider the current law On Mass Media to be a basic document regulating freedom of expression and many other issues of media activity. Although the freedom of speech, which was enshrined in the Russian law on mass media and later in the Constitution of the Russian Federation, has not become a tradition, a norm of life, creativity and professional culture of journalists. Keywords: law, legislation, legal culture, freedom of speech, journalist, expert survey

From an Engraving to a Virtual Reconstruction: The 3D Modelling of Maria Amalia of Saxony's Funerary Ceremony in the Cathedral of Barcelona (1761)

This article discusses a virtual reconstruction of the catafalque and the ephemeral decorations created for the funeral of Maria Amalia of Saxony in the Cathedral of Barcelona in 1761. A combination of a historical-artistic approach and a variety of 3D modelling techniques has made it possible to recreate an ephemeral piece of architecture that, being constructed only for the funerary ceremony, has not lasted over time, such that the work presented here constitutes a novel strategy to promote a better understanding of another element of our cultural legacy.

Impure blood: specialists, institutions, and cultural authority in the context of AIDS in Brazil

In this article, we examine the concept of cultural authority in the context of the professionalization/corporatization of medicine at the end of the 20th century, and its political and moral contours since the HIV/AIDS epidemic in São Paulo. Based on journalistic articles collected from the newspaper O Estado de São Paulo (1986-1989), we seek to highlight the place of medical expertise, examining the discourses produced about the disease in Brazil, in bases that show the emergence of social actors, disputes for credibility and the clinical authority under challenge. We analyze public narratives about AIDS, situating the place of authority. We argue that such discourses, in the context of sexual panic, did not occur outside a dynamic of therapeutic/clinical authority and the profession's own norms, which also immediately made visible the role of physicians, specialists and other health professionals, in dialogue with the moral grammar of the socially current illness. The conclusions illustrate the link between Brazilian medicine at the end of the century and the local-global history of AIDS, concentrating historical and political movements that disputed the scientific and moral meanings of the disease, fractured by the clash between authorities in the scientific, sanitary and clinical fields.

The syndemic effect of COVID-19 and racial discrimination on suicide risk for Black emerging adults: Examining a model of radical healing.

Suicide is a leading cause of death among Black emerging adults. The concurrent effect of the COVID-19 pandemic and racial discrimination were projected to exacerbate suicide vulnerability for Black Americans. The purpose of the present study was to utilize a risk-resilience model to examine the effects of racial discrimination and COVID-related stress on suicide risk for Black emerging adults, as well as the moderating effect of three central components of radical healing: critical consciousness, resilience, and cultural authenticity. Study participants included 521 Black emerging adults between the ages of 18 and 29 (51.6% male; Mage = 24.6, SD = 2.6) who completed measures evaluating symptoms of racial discrimination, COVID-related stress, suicide risk, and psychological well-being. After controlling for age, gender, socioeconomic status, and general stress, structural equation modeling analyses revealed unique and interactive effects of racial discrimination, COVID-related stress, and culturally relevant protective factors on suicide risk for Black emerging adults. These findings provide preliminary insight into novel risk and protective factors that influence suicide risk for Black emerging adults. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

The Mechanics‐Conditions Framework as a Tool for Critical Social Media Affordance Analysis

ABSTRACTAffordances, described as action opportunities emerging from the relationship between a technology and its user, are a popular framework for understanding how people engage with social media platforms. Scholars have proposed this framework as a tool for performing critical analyses of technology, arguing that drilling down on affordances can help us understand how power shapes technology use. This conceptual analysis builds on the affordance mechanisms and conditions framework by Davis. Davis proposed to think of affordances in terms of mechanisms (request, demand, encourage, discourage, refuse, allow) and conditions (perception, dexterity, and cultural and institutional legitimacy). This framework sheds light on to whom and under what circumstances technologies afford certain actions to its users. I apply this framework to social media and provide examples that illustrate the framework's components. For each component, I include a set of suggested questions that a researcher interested in a critical social justice‐oriented analysis of social media affordances might ask. Asking these questions, I argue, can support a researcher in dissecting the biases, stigmata, and discrimination embedded in social media.

The Natural and Cultural Legacy of Stone Pavements from Selected Palaces and Churches of Lisbon (Portugal)

The Natural and Cultural Legacy of Stone Pavements from Selected Palaces and Churches of Lisbon (Portugal)

Cultural Heritage and Creative Industries in Ensuring Sustainable Development: Ukrainian Experience

This article investigates the instrumental role of cultural heritage and creative industries in driving sustainable development, drawing empirical insights from the Ukrainian context. Anchored in UNESCO's normative frameworks, the study elucidates how preserving tangible and intangible cultural assets fosters identity formation, social cohesion, and economic vitality, thereby catalysing progress across the triple bottom line of sustainability. Complementing a comprehensive literature review with primary data from a student survey, the analysis spotlights Ukraine's initiatives to integrate heritage and creativity into national development strategies, spearheaded by the Ukrainian Cultural Foundation. Amidst Russia's ongoing assault on Ukrainian culture, the research underscores the urgency of safeguarding cultural legacies as cornerstones of societal resilience and identity preservation. Keywords: sustainable societal development, culture, cultural heritage, creative industries, Ukrainian Cultural Foundation, museum

Complicit masculinity of judges

The paper focuses on how unjust provocation reduction, regulated in Article 29 of the Turkish Penal Code, is applied in cases of violence against women, LGBTI, and transgender individuals in Turkey, also known as "masculinity sentence reduction" by feminist lawyers. In particular, I will look into case files in which the "masculinity defence" made by almost all perpetrators in femicide cases is accepted by the court as a justification for reducing the sentence of the perpetrator. I will examine how masculinity is portrayed in judicial decisions, specifically looking at provocation defences to demonstrate how jurisdiction plays a part in perpetuating masculine domination within society. Using theories of masculinity and masculine domination, I will try to reveal the contribution of judges to the "masculine legal culture" as a form of "complicit masculinity".

Women's Knowledge of Local Plants and Their Gastronomic Heritage in Chitral, NW Pakistan.

Women are the "guardians of the kitchen" and central to household food security, yet their role has never been studied across the Hindukush region or Pamiri Knot. This study explores the women's knowledge (specifically from the Khowar (Kho) and Wakhi linguistic groups) of local food systems and determines their role in ensuring household food security and sustainability in the mountain regions of northern Pakistan. Based on in-depth semi-structured interviews with female informants in the Rech and Broghil valleys of upper Chitral, 91 different types of food products were recorded, including wild and cultivated species. Eremurus stenophyllus and Allium barsczewskii were the commonly utilized plant species, though distinct preferences between the Kho and Wakhi groups were noted. Prominent differences were perceived in using certain cultivated plants among the two ethnic groups. For instance, Kho preferred plants like Beta vulgaris, Zea mays, and Brassica napus as indicated by the use reports, while Wakhi concentrated on Thymus serpyllum, Zygophyllum obliquum and Papaver involucratum. Both groups had shared dairy practices, but cottage cheese and curd were highly cited among Kho, while double-fermented curd and Qurut for Wakhi. The study recorded some new food uses for specific plants, such as Atriplex hortensis, Carthamus tinctorius, Hylotelephium spp., and Saxifraga sibirica. Cross-culture analyses revealed a mosaic pattern of homogenous and heterogenous trends based on reported food species of plants/animals and their use reports. Our findings emphasize the significant role of women in sustaining local food diversity, food sustainability, and the preservation and security of the local food systems, cultural legacy, and household food management. Therefore, inclusive research addressing their social, economic, and environmental issues must be conducted. Furthermore, policies must incorporate women's traditional knowledge to build resilient food systems.

Transliterating Javanese Script Images to Roman Script using Convolutional Neural Network with Transfer Learning

The Javanese script holds immense cultural significance within Indonesia despite its diminishing usage in contemporary contexts. Its presence remains notable in specific regions of Java and remains integral to many historical documents and texts. Consequently, there is an urgent need for a transliteration system adept at converting Javanese script into contemporary scripts like Roman or Indonesian, thereby contributing to preserving Java's linguistic and cultural legacy. However, reading or transliterating Javanese script can be time-consuming, especially for longer texts, presenting considerable challenges for non-native readers. This study aims to develop an effective transliteration system for converting Javanese script into Roman script. This system addresses the pressing need to preserve Java's linguistic and cultural heritage by facilitating the readability and accessibility of Javanese script, especially for non-native readers. This study introduces an Optical Character Recognition (OCR) system tailored to identify Javanese script characters and transcribe them into Roman characters, explicitly focusing on fundamental nglegena and sandhangan swara characters. Individual characters are isolated by leveraging horizontal and vertical projection techniques, facilitating subsequent classification using a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) employing transfer learning methodologies. The system's achievement of an impressive average similarity score of 90.78% is noteworthy, with the Xception architecture demonstrating superior efficiency in transliteration tasks. Implementing such a system harbors significant promise in safeguarding the Javanese script and enhancing its accessibility to a broader audience. This research contributes substantially to preserving and propagating Indonesia's rich cultural and linguistic heritage amidst the digital age.

Cultural heritage and modernization: the evolution of Lifen neighborhoods in Wuhan

ABSTRACT The paper probes into the modernization and conservation of Hankou old Lifen which is a typical residential building with high historical value in Wuhan, China. This research emphasizes the range of government and community structures, using analysis on three different modernization models: Xian’an Fang, Changnian Li, and Tongxing Li. This includes qualitative analysis using a mixed method approach; on-site observation with photography to capture the spatial features as well as narratives from residents within these areas; and semi-structured interviews. The findings highlight the importance of conserving Lifen neighborhoods in view of its historical knowledge, cultural legacy and other urban development experience. In the end, maintaining and evolving them can be sustainable only through a hybrid that pairs state support with community involvement. This research provides key insights for policymakers, urban planners and conservationists working to balance heritage preservation with the contemporary needs of cities.