Cultural Attractions Research Articles

Theory of geocultural technologies in international relations


 
 
 The development of the theory of geocultural technologies is an attempt to integrate various theories and practices of foreign policy cultural activities of states on the world stage within the framework of a generalizing scientific vision, as well as to rethink international relations on the basis of geographical and cultural determinism, as well as the technological approach. The constitutive basis of the theory of geocultural technologies in international relations is the idea that the subordination of social actors to power is determined by its cultural attractiveness for them and leads to their further internalization, immersion in the cultural and symbolic interpretive matrix that justifies and justifies power in its geocultural originality. The complementary application of geographical, civilizational, cultural, deterministic, communicative and technological approaches has made it possible to outline the contours of the theory of geocultural technologies in international relations, to interpret effective practices of cultural engagement in the local, regional and global dimensions as geocultural technologies. Today, the problem of global cultural governance is increasingly coming to the fore among scholars. By actively participating in global cultural governance, states can not only realize their national interests, but also build the world of the future in accordance with their long-term strategies and culturally determined ideals of coexistence in the context of further increasing interdependence between peoples. In this sense, geocultural technologies are effective means of global cultural governance. The multidimensional nature and manifestations of geocultural technologies as effective practices in the international arena for the dissemination of geocultures allows them to be considered as means of international communication, as tools for public diplomacy, as means of cultural diplomacy, as soft power, as propaganda, and as legitimization. Thanks to geocultural technologies, a global transculture is being formed, which is a synthesis of ideas, images, and material things from different geocul- tures. Geocultures are defined as historically ordered sets of symbols, values, ideals, ideas, language practices, religious traditions, technologies of reproduction and transformation of social relations that embody the spirit of a particular geographical part of the world. Geoculture is inherent in any civilizational community or national-political entity.
 
 

WISATA KAMPOENG PENDEKAR MENEMBUS LORONG WAKTU DENGAN TEORI LINIERITAS LIMA DIMENSI

Various tourist destinations offer unforgettable experiences for their visitors. Kampoeng Pendekar Tourism offers a five-dimensional experience that invites visitors to the ancient kingdom era. This research aims to find out how the management strategy of Kampoeng Pendekar Tourism in attracting visitors by applying the theory of linear five dimensions. Data collection was carried out through observation, interviews, surveys, and documentation. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive analysis by performing reduction and interpretation. The results of the study explain the highly innovative breakthrough by the management of Kampoeng Pendekar Tourism, which is able to linearize tourism, entertainment, and shows that elevate traditional content that appears old-fashioned into a five-dimensional sensation according to the theory introduced by Gillian Crampton Smith and Kevin Silver by creating a display of the past era, such as traditional houses and huts; officers, tour guides, and traders are required to wear Javanese traditional clothing; even the tour guides wear clothing resembling ancient warrior attire. All the food sold is traditional cuisine that is nearly extinct. The use of kepeng currency is the strongest sensation that brings visitors back to the past era. In addition, there are traditional games, art performances, and cultural attractions.

Brand personality positioning of world heritage sites: A text mining approach

World Heritage Sites (WHSs) are perceived as significant tourism brands. However, there is no in-depth analysis of the intangible meaning of World Heritage (WH) cultural attraction types from the visitor’s lens. This study employed text mining and a Brand Personality (BP) lexical approach using WH personality categories to identify types of cultural attractions with intangible meanings in WHSs located in seven countries in Asia and the Pacific and Europe. This enabled the WH personality category distribution for each type of WH cultural attraction found on TripAdvisor to be measured. Accordingly, 9,971 visitor-generated reviews were analyzed and fifteen WHS cultural attraction types in the seven countries identified. The relationships between WH personality categories, the seven countries and WH attraction types were analyzed, and attraction types clustered into four groups. Significant differences were found between Asia and the Pacific and Europe regarding WH personality category distribution.

The way of life in amazonian communities: an example of the application of participatory mapping in São Caetano de Odivelas (Pará, Amazônia, Brazil)

This article aims to make an analysis about the way of life, through the participatory mapping of the Brazilian Amazon traditional communities, having as objects of study the communities of Cachoeira and Boa Vista, located in the municipality of São Caetano de Odivelas (Pará, Amazonia, Brazil). Thus, this paper presents both the economic aspects of natural resources management ‒ mainly fishing ‒ and the natural and cultural attractions of these communities, whose can be used for the development of community-based tourism (CBT) as a means of generating income. To do so, participatory mapping application workshops were held, as a methodology to bring together community representatives to plot productive, cultural, leisure, conflict and natural information. The mapping products generated will certainly contribute to a better understanding of territorial planning in the communities studied.

Focus on Local Cultural Attraction in Increasing Tourist Visits In Central Java Tourism Villages

Indonesia is a country that has natural beauty that is rich in cultural and artistic diversity which can provide an increase in state income. In line with the development of the world of tourism in Indonesia, efforts have been made to display interesting things, such as bringing in tourists. Efforts that can bring in tourists include: maintaining the authenticity of the renovated building and promoting tourist objects as tourist attractions. In addition, the government can provide support for efforts to attract tourists to tourist objects such as providing a special selfie room for tourists taking pictures, thus developing tourism as an industry becomes easy to increase economic growth, namely by only exploiting natural beauty, arts, culture, and hospitality to address the balance of payments deficit it experienced. That is why many experts are worried and consider it crucial to have careful planning in tourism development. The consideration is based on the concern regarding tourism as an industry that is expected to spur economic growth in DTW (Tourist Destination Areas) or countries visited by tourists. So that balanced growth can be developed, and the number of tourist arrivals can continue to grow. The research focuses on planning local cultural attractions in increasing tourist visits in the Central Java region.

Competitive strategy of halal tourism in Riau: opportunities and challenges

The halal tourism sector is currently a hot issue that is still being studied from various scientific approaches. Therefore, this study aims to systematically analyze the SWOT analysis of the results of identifying various internal and external factors of halal tourism in Riau Province. Then it is used in formulating a marketing strategy for halal tourism in Riau Province to achieve sustainable competitive advantage. The respondents of this study consisted of six people selected by the purposive sampling technique. The potential for unique values and originality from the historical background of Islam and Islamic Malay culture in Riau Province becomes a strong potential in responding to competition challenges in the halal tourism business sector. Observations, interviews, and documentation are used in collecting research data. The results of this study contribute to the determination of strategies for the growth and development of halal tourism in Riau Province to be increasingly competitive. Availability of Halal Certified and Availability of Islamic History and Cultural Attractions Based on Local Wisdom as an internal strengths can grow and develop as opportunity. Transportation connectivity is not optimal as a weakness need to develop in internal factor. Communication network need to grow and develop for gaining the threat.

Factors Affecting Intention To Visit Riau Islands

This study aims to empirically test 1) destination quality, destination image, and natural and cultural attractions on intention to visit. 2) destination quality and destination image on tourist satisfaction. 3) tourist satisfaction on intention to visit. 4) destination quality and destination image on intention to visit through tourist satisfaction. Data was collected using an online questionnaire from 221 respondents who are tourists which have visited Riau Islands in the last three years, then examined using PLS-SEM. The results indicate that only destination quality could not predict intention to visit directly, while all other variables are able to predict intention to visit positively and significantly. This research is expected to be a reference for Dinas Pariwisata of Riau Islands Province in determining an effective strategy by knowing tourists’ most needed and preferred factors in order to increase the intention to visit, as well as the tourism competitive advantage of Riau Islands.

Analysing spatial and temporal patterns of tourism and tourists’ satisfaction in Nepal using social media

Information on where and when tourists go and what they value about their visits is important when promoting, planning, and managing destinations, particularly for countries reliant on international tourism income. Metadata from social media posts are starting to be used to monitor tourism but are they useful at larger scale across developing countries such as Nepal? Here we test how social media can provide insights using timestamped geolocated data and text from photographs on Flickr in Nepal. Based on posts by 3223 people, equivalent to 18,817 visitor days (Photo-User-Days), tourists to Nepal mainly visit two cities (Kathmandu and Pokhara) and four protected areas (Annapurna Conservation Area, Sagarmatha, Langtang, and Chitwan National Park), and mostly in autumn and spring, which is similar to the results from the limited official tourism statistics. An Importance-Performance Analysis of the text associated with the photographs revealed culture and natural landscapes were important to tourists although some people expressed dissatisfaction with specific attributes. These findings highlight the importance of diversifying tourism in Nepal by promoting other destinations, as well as additional natural and cultural attractions, and new activities including outside peak seasons. They also highlight the need to manage tourism in peak periods in popular destinations and to better address tourists’ preferences and experiences. More broadly, the results highlight the benefits of social media data for monitoring tourism in developing countries but also emphasize important limitations with such data, including inadequate representation on Flickr of some cohorts including tourists from China. Management implicationsSocial media is increasingly used in tourism research but studies to date are focused on a few developed countries. This study demonstrates how social media data can be used to assess spatial and temporal patterns in tourism and analyse tourists’ sentiments and satisfaction in developing countries such as Nepal. The findings highlight that Nepalese tourism is mostly limited to a few destinations, focused on a few attributes and times. Expansion to other destinations and seasons, additional natural and cultural attractions and new activities should be promoted to improve tourist satisfaction and minimize negative impacts of tourism.

The French Cultural Tourism: Exploring the Harmonious Coexistence of Tradition and Modernization

Cultural tourism has become the doctrine of tourism development in many countries. Various local commodities have been transformed into tourist attractions to satisfy the curiosity of tourists. Unfortunately, cultural tourism in many destinations tends to be exclusive, where its activities focus on presenting artificial cultural attractions that are packaged for tourists. This article describes the best practice of how France has succeeded in developing a culture-based tourism sector amidst the demands of modernization and industrialization. Through a qualitative descriptive approach, data and information were collected from observation, literacy studies, and interviews. The authors conducted a thematic analysis to portray a culture-based French tourism model. The analysis results conclude that French tourism is firmly supported by a wealth of culture and traditions that have long been rooted in people's lives.

Analysis of the Impact of Increasing Tourist Visits on Economic Growth in Palabuhanratu Sukabumi Tourism Destinations

In Palabuhanratu, Sukabumi, this study aims to examine the effects of rising tourist numbers on economic development. A poll of 100 respondents, including local communities, traders, and tourist entrepreneurs, was employed as the study methodology. Descriptive analysis and basic linear regression were both used to analyze the given data. The findings demonstrated that tourism has a considerable beneficial influence on economic development in the Palabuhanratu, Sukabumi destination. The study also found that natural and cultural attractions, quality of service, and ease of accessibility are important factors in increasing the number of tourist visits.

Tourists’ engagement in cultural attractions: an exploratory study of psychological and behavioural engagement in indigenous tourism

This research explores international tourists’ engagement with Māori indigenous tourist attractions in New Zealand. In-depth interviews with 18 international tourists were conducted after their visits to the Waitangi Treaty Grounds in Northland, New Zealand. The findings revealed clear evidence of some general engagement behaviours such as spending time and enjoyment which led visitors into deeper levels of behavioural and psychological engagement. The behavioural engagement occurred in two primary forms which are taking photos for a range of personal and impersonal purposes as well as conversation with staff. Also, three forms of psychological engagement were found, including engagement with cultural aspects, imagination, and learning. The perception of the authenticity and uniqueness of the attraction were important precursors to tourist behavioural and psychological engagement.

The Evolution of Inclusive Folk-Biological Labels and the Cultural Maintenance of Meaning.

How is word meaning established, and how do individuals acquire it? What ensures the uniform understanding of word meaning in a linguistic community? In this paper I draw from cultural attraction theory and use folk biology as an example domain and address these questions by treating meaning acquisition as an inferential process. I show that significant variation exists in how individuals understand the meaning of inclusive biological labels such as "plant" and "animal" due to variation in their salience in contemporary ethnic minority groups in southwest China, and I present historical textual evidence that the meaning of inclusive terms is often unstable but can be sustained by such cultural institutions as religion and education, which provide situations in which the meaning of linguistic labels can be unambiguously inferred.

Management of Pundu Nence as Mountain Tourism in Bima City: A Model of Visitor Management Approach

Purpose: Mountain tourism being a tourist destination that offers natural and special interest attractions thus appropriate for visitors that prefer nature and adventure. Understanding visitor management is crucial for mountain tourism operators. The aims of this study are to 1) Identify the availability of tourist attractions; 2) Identify the actual condition of visitor management; and 3) Recommend a management quality improvement model through the visitor management approach. Method: The research applied a qualitative approach and employed interviews and observations to collect data. The research was conducted in the Mount Pundu Nence area. This research was conducted from January to March 2023. Result: The results of the study indicated that the component of tourist attractions consists of interest as the main attraction and is supported by natural and cultural attractions. The actual condition of visitor management is not well demonstrated by the unidentified registration of visitors, unavailable tourist information center (TIC), the visitor flow is incomplete, the pricing and fees are less than optimal, the parking lot is not adequate, the signboard is lacking and the waste management is not optimal. The research recommended a management improvement model based on the components of hard visitor management tools and soft visitor management tools. The hard visitor management tools recommended three aspects, such as setting prices and fees in the packaging of packages, providing parking space and creating regulations for waste management. The soft visitor management tools recommended four aspects, i.e., using QR code as a registration and payment system for visitors, providing tourist information center (TIC) by utilizing the current buildings and using social media to manage information, installing signage in vital areas, and developing a visitor flow system that could be implemented by visitors and operators. Contribution: The research presents a model of mountain tourism management using the visitor management approach. The model could be implemented by tourism operators or local authorities to improve the quality of mountain tourism experiences.

Revitalising Small Historical Villages through Social, Economic, Cultural and Energy Efficiency Assets

Cultural heritage and historical buildings, accounting for over 30% of the overall European building stock, need to be preserved as much as possible, on account of their role in representing the cultural identity of a community, and to be renovated in response to the sociocultural need to maintain historical cities and the environmental need to reduce the global energy demand of existing buildings.
 Small historical villages, and in particular those with fewer than 5.000 inhabitants, are undergoing a declining process, due to the lack of infrastructure, services, cultural attractiveness and because of the inadequate actions aimed at their valorisation. They are often underused, abandoned or neglected, thus risking to be affected by severe degradation. For this reason, European and national directives strongly encourage actions targeting the revitalisation of small villages, in order to preserve their historical heritage and improve their energy efficiency. This study aims at investigating Italian examples of revitalisation of small historical towns, showcasing what strategies they employed for the maximisation of social engagement and inclusion, reduction of the environmental impact and energy efficiency improvement. This paper will propose a methodological approach leading towards the creation of Energy Communities within small historical villages, not only addressing the need for clean energy supply and environmental impact mitigation, but also respecting and preserving the heritage value and covering the social, economic, cultural aspects of the revitalisation.

Strategi Pengembangan Daya Tarik Wisata Science Center sebagai Wisata Edukasi di Kabupaten Bandung

The purpose of this research is to determine the tourism attraction and development strategy in the science center of Bandung Regency. This research was conducted using a qualitative descriptive approach and SWOT analysis. Data collection was carried out through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study showed that the tourism attractions in the science center were quite diverse, ranging from photo spots to interactive exhibits. However, additional tourism attractions need to be added to attract more tourists. Regarding the development strategy of tourism attractions in the science center, it is necessary to observe the environment (internal and external factors) and develop strategies through the SWOT matrix to produce alternative strategies translated into short-term goals, such as: Intensive promotion, Collaborating with other institutions, Promoting the existing educational and cultural attractions, Adding new attractions, Preparing or training tour guides who understand the exhibits, Adding several new spots of attraction, Considering natural factors for tourists' safety, Providing professional guides, medium-term goals such as providing various souvenirs, and long-term goals.

Investigating the Relationship between Users’ Behavioral Intentions and Learning Effects of VR System for Sustainable Tourism Development

Macao is a tourist city. It is home to the Ruins of Saint Paul’s, a unique 100-year-old landmark, which is still standing with manual maintenance, even after three fires and reconstruction events. Therefore, the continuous preservation of its culture, heritage education, and construction are important issues for Macao. With the development of digital technology in recent years, users can quickly search historical sites and save two-dimensional and three-dimensional images and videos through smartphones. These methods also enhance the communication power of culture. Virtual browsing on a smartphone requires computing power and storage space; yet, virtual reality devices are not widely used. Therefore, augmented reality and virtual reality are rarely used simultaneously for three-dimensional interactive guided tours and operation experiences on the same theme. However, by quickly creating virtual reality scenarios and preserving historical sites on mobile devices, 4DAGE’s 4DKanKan technology can provide augmented reality and metaverse virtual reality experiences. 4DKanKan can also integrate mobile guides and navigation software to connect mobile devices and assist in cultural inheritance and conduct sustainable education. This research linked this technology to the web by incorporating augmented reality and virtual reality technology to make designs and discussed the influences among service design, behavioral intentions, and learning effects. We collated and analyzed relevant data and text materials through systematic testing, observation, operation processes, and semi-structured interviews. The PLS multigroup structural model was used to explore and analyze the degree of influence and explanatory power of system quality, information quality, behavioral intention, and learning effects among themselves. The results of this study show that most users accepted the proposed innovative mode of operation and found it to be interesting and fun. Augmented reality is not limited by space or time; however, virtual reality devices taking too long to operate, switching too frequently, and having too many functional interfaces can cause operational problems. This study identified and modified the influencing factors and problems of the proposed system, with the aim of continuing to expand the applications of 4DKanKan to other cultural attractions or museums in the future. In addition, the research results can provide a reference for the sustainable development of related cultural sites.

Tourists' Fascination with Urban Food Markets: The Successful Case of Time Out Market Lisbon.

This research was designed to analyze tourists' perception of food markets in an urban context, specifically in the case of Time Out Market Lisbon. The sample included participants who visited and experienced the market food court. The data were collected using a questionnaire assessing the respondents' perceptions of the location, food quality, food neophilia, market engagement, and the cultural attractiveness of the locale. The purpose was also to analyze how these factors contribute to visitor satisfaction and their intention to revisit the local area. The findings showed that food neophilia was the characteristic of Time Out Market Lisbon that had the highest impact on visitors' satisfaction which, accordingly, positively influenced their intention to revisit the market. Visitors' perception of the place as a cultural attraction was also found to moderate the relationship between visitors' satisfaction and intention to revisit Time Out Market Lisbon. The findings provide an important contribution to the scientific community regarding the important role of modern food markets in urban city regeneration and more specifically as a tourist attraction. This research has significant management implications regarding the emotions of tourists' food experience and can be used for stakeholders engaged in the tourism development process.

Eco-City-Based Sustainable Settlement Planning In Bengkayang New City Area

The inability of a city to the pressure of increasing activity in urban areas which has encouraged the expansion of development into suburban areas is a phenomenon that often occurs in major urban centers. With the development of a new area, it can be a solution to solving urban problems, expanding the availability of housing and infrastructure, and reducing disparities between the main city and suburban areas. The development of a new city, in addition to physically changing the suburban area, can also have a socio-economic impact on the people, as a challenge to fulfill the welfare of the urban housing phenomenon. Bengkayang Regency is one of the developing districts. As one of the border frontier cities in West Kalimantan Province, Indonesia, Bengkayang is the main border gate between Indonesia and neighboring Malaysia and Brunei Darussalam. The great potential of Bengkayang Regency has not been supported by adequate urban planning and arrangement, which can reflect unique regional characteristics (local wisdom). The local government has established a policy regarding the development of a new city in Bengkayang, which is located in the Bumi Sebalo Village. This study aims to carry out sustainable settlement planning in the New City Area of Bengkayang based on Eco-City. Determination of the location based on the new Bengkayang city master plan data, namely in the sub BWP housing and green open space, with a descriptive qualitative analysis method. Settlement planning carried out includes aspects of housing, area support facilities and public green open spaces. The direction for housing arrangement uses a balanced residential concept, with a cluster system without guardrails, a grid pattern following the contours and condition of the land, pedestrian-friendly, and utilizing natural potential in the form of river flows as public open space areas and jogging tracks. Commercial facilities as supporting areas are placed on main road access with more strategic functions. Public green open space as a means of socializing and recreation on a city scale, how many sub-BWP green open spaces are equipped with urban forests as bearers of ecological functions, playgrounds, water fountains, amphitheater, street vendor areas to support the local community's economy, festival market areas as well as several tourist and cultural attractions as support activity.

Potentials, opportunities and challenges of ecotourism development in selected historical and sacred sites of North Shewa Zone, Amhara region, Ethiopia

PurposeEcotourism has emerged as a new hope of the tourism sector and is expected to overcome past pitfalls of mass tourism. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to assess the potentials and challenges of ecotourism development in the historic and sacred sites of North Shewa Zone, Ethiopia.Design/methodology/approachData were collected through interview, household questionnaire, field observation and focused group discussion. The collected data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS version 23) and Excel.FindingsBased on household’s perception, churches and monasteries were mentioned as the main (17.58%) ecotourism attractions that have crucial role in ecotourism development in the area followed by biodiversity resources (17.23%) and Holy Water (16.01%). These existing ecotourism potentials and opportunities were discussed on the basis of five dimensions, i.e. historical and sacred attractions, biological attractions, cultural attractions, infrastructures and institutional potentials. The mean score values of a five-point Likert scale level of agreement or disagreement of respondents were between 2 and 4.5, implying overall responses of respondents spread between agree and strongly agree.Originality/valueThe findings reveal that although the historic and sacred sites of the area have potential ecotourism opportunities, different anthropogenic activities are affecting its development. The researchers recommended awareness creation programs, promotion of sites, development of infrastructures, employments of well-trained professionals and allocation of sufficient budgets as a mechanism to use the ecotourism potential and solving the existing challenges.

Documentation, conservation, and reuse planning activities for disused cultural heritage

The present contribution illustrates the documentation and setting up of a digital database of a portion of Bellisomi-Vistarino Palace in Pavia (Italy), a relevant historical asset due to its artistic value. Despite recent restoration work, there are still disused portions of the complex, including the garden, the loggia and the rooms on the ground floor that overlook it. These portions are the elements this paper deals with. The approach to a small portion of the building is a pilot case from the perspective of a broader work of integral documentation of the whole complex. The aim is to define digital support for diagnostic and restoration planning activities from the perspective to enhance and create a new cultural attraction for the city, using the Foundation of the University of Pavia, already settled in the Palace and their organizational skills and networks. This is achieved by structuring a tridimensional digital twin and database connected to it to monitor the assets and generate digital environments for cultural and touristic valorisation.