Cultural And Creative Industries Research Articles

Business models transformation in the creative industries: Performing arts organizations in the post-COVID era

Rapid changes in the business models (BMs) of cultural and creative industries (CCIs) have occurred recently, owing largely to the dynamics accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic and technological evolution, which have resulted in a strong interconnection between social, cultural, and digital challenges. The present review highlights the main changes that the COVID-19 pandemic has brought to the BM of 12 Italian performing arts organizations using a mixed research methodology (qualitative and quantitative) carried out through semi-structured interviews, a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats analysis, and an analysis of the economic-financial data of the organizations involved. The paper presents the study’s main findings and contrasts them with some recent scientific research on BM, allowing for comparison and debate on significant issues developed (new technologies and social and environmental impact). The uniqueness of the approach employed in this review lies in recognizing these characteristics, particularly the challenges of sustainability, as critical in producing value for CCI.

Synergies of Cultural–Creative Industries and Development in Peripheral Areas: Networking, Social Capital, and Place

Cultural and Creative Industries (CCIs) are widely acknowledged in academic and policy discourse as fundamental resources for local development. Nevertheless, a deeper understanding of the analysis of CCI function patterns and full potential exploitation in peripheral areas is needed in the literature on regional and local economic development. Peripheral destinations are often characterized by specific obstacles such as geographical remoteness from dominant economic centers, poor infrastructure and amenities, limited capacity for decision-making, etc. However, they can also have characteristics that can support the sustainability and development of a place, such as rich cultural heritage, traditional cultural industries, uniqueness and authenticity, and cultural identity and social cohesion. This paper provides an overview of the main characteristics of the CCIs in peripheral areas and explores synergy patterns, a significant procedure for sustainability, exchange of knowledge and practices, development of actions, promotion of innovation and local development. More specifically, the study incorporates formal networking through entrepreneurial practices and informal networking through social capital into the network theory of the cultural sector in peripheral areas of Greece. In order to identify the key traits and factors that contribute to synergies in the cultural sector, a two-stage research design has been employed. A qualitative approach based on structured interviews and relative importance index analysis to provide an assessment framework has been used. Results indicate that CCI synergy in peripheral areas depends primarily on social capital, which is extremely important in local policies rather than just entrepreneurial practices.

Instrumenty unijnego wsparcia sektora kultury i sektora kreatywnego w okresie kryzysu migracyjnego (2015-2018) i pandemicznego (2020-2021)

INSTRUMENTS FOR EU SUPPORT TO THE CULTURAL AND CREATIVE SECTOR DURING THE MIGRATION (2015-2018) AND PANDEMIC (2020-2021) CRISES The migration and pandemic crises affected cultural and creative industries (CCIs) across Europe. The EU institutions reacted relatively quickly to the changes in the political landscape as a result of the waves of migration and to the need to assist cultural institutions and artists in the wake of the Covid-19 pandemic. The Union has proposed methods of support for artists and the arts that are supplementary to Member States. It is these EU cultural methods and instruments that are the subject of qualitative analysis, based on two research questions: 1). To what extent has the modification of instruments of support for the cultural and creative sectors (CCIs) had an impact on strengthening the European concept of intercultural dialogue? 2). Did the EU support instruments applied to the CCIs during the Covid-19 pandemic result in building the resilience of these areas? A qualitative analysis will be made of the European Union’s documents, reports and commissioned studies. The main research hypothesis of the analyses is: European crises contributed to the reconstruction of some of the substantive assumptions of programs dedicated to culture and creative industries, resulting in the widening of the field of influence of culture on other EU policies, reinforcing the principle of intersectorality.

Revisiting the Creative and Cultural Industries in Türkiye

This study aims to investigate the developing framework of creative and cultural industries (CCI), focusing on Türkiye from 2008 to 2022 by adopting the widely accepted DCMS classification and introducing a Türkiye-specific classification to provide insights on the dynamics of creative and cultural industries over the last 5-10 years. The study differs by covering a broad period and adopting a Turkey-specific classification, applying a commonly held approach into the industry's dynamics. In this way, it also aims to provide a comparison with the results in the international literature. The methodology involves a descriptive analysis of employment and workplace data within CCIs, employing location quotient (LQ) for provincial specializations and clusters. According to the results, the CCI employment (% of total employment) is 3.66 % in 2022 and close to the EU level. Also, the growth rate of CCI employment is much higher than total employment for the same year. On the other hand, the results of the LQ analysis re-emphasize the creative hub characteristics of Istanbul and Ankara, while Kocaeli has also specialized in CCI as of 2018. Izmir still maintains its potential specialization characteristic. Finally, the share of CCI employment by occupation (%) shows the impact of digitalization and innovation on non-traditional CCI sectors.

The construction of urban cultural and creative industries using deep learning and information management

The ongoing transition within the Chinese economy assumes a pivotal role in shaping the landscape of the cultural and creative industries (CCI). Renowned for its environmentally sustainable attributes, coupled with high productivity, CCI has garnered considerable attention across diverse societal strata. This study endeavors to delineate the determinants influencing the developmental trajectory of CCI, with a focal point on City A as the primary subject of investigation, juxtaposed against Cities G, D, B, H, and X for comparative analysis, leveraging developmental data from the year 2021. Initially, the study elucidates the conceptual framework underpinning CCI and its intrinsic significance in facilitating urban metamorphosis. Subsequently, the positive impact of CCI through deep learning and information management technology is emphasized, and a cultural and creative recommendation model based on LSTM algorithm is constructed. Through performance evaluation, the recommendation accuracy for cultural and creative projects reaches 94.74 %. A robust developmental assessment model for CCI is then constructed via meticulous factor analysis of pertinent influencers. Employing factor analysis techniques, the study identifies two primary determinants exerting sway over CCI development: sustainable profitability factors and cultural influence factors. Noteworthy among the factors influencing CCI development within City A are fixed asset investment, cultural industry financing, the proliferation of university-based research institutions, and per capita cultural expenditure by residents. Of these, fixed asset investment, cultural industry financing, and the density of university research institutions prominently impinge upon sustainable profitability, with a discernible impact weight of 0.738 in the evaluative framework of CCI development, thus significantly shaping its trajectory. Moreover, consumer psychological factors, particularly market consumption patterns, are observed to exert a discernible influence on CCI evolution. This study augurs fresh insights into the realm of CCI development, infusing it with renewed vigor and vitality. Moreover, it underscores the inherent interdependence and positive correlation among the various research factors, offering novel perspectives and methodologies germane to the advancement of urban CCI.

Cultural and Creative Industries in the Digital Environment: Opportunities and Prospects

The purpose of the article is to identify opportunities and prospects for the development of cultural and creative industries (CCI) in the digital environment. Research methods. The methods of analysis and synthesis, generalisation and abstraction were used, which made it possible to identify the opportunities and prospects for the development of the CCI in the digital environment. The scientific novelty lies in substantiating the relationship between CII and the digital economy, identifying areas of AI application in CII, and improving understanding of the possibilities and prospects of CII in the digital environment. Conclusions. Numerous advantages of CCI development, combined with the unprecedented potential provided by digitalisation, have opened up opportunities for transforming the sector from a low-profit and non-priority one into a key industry that supports the economic and, at the same time, cultural growth of the country as a whole. It is emphasised that the new functionality provided by digital technologies stimulates the development of new content formats, the emergence of alternative channels for its provision and distribution, and curation. By changing the nature of the mass distribution of creative products, enabling a fairly wide aggregation of content and diversifying its distribution channels, digital technologies contribute to the rethinking of consumer practices, which in turn opens up opportunities for new business models, network convergence, as well as the emergence of new forms of monetisation and consumer control. It is concluded that for the further development of CCI, it is necessary to comprehensively promote the digitalisation process, fully utilise the role of digital infrastructure in creating, integrating and facilitating the sharing of resources, optimise the environment for the development of CCI, achieve high-quality matching of creative products, creative talents and creative technologies, and expand the digital environment.

Contribution of the Cultural and Creative Industries to Regional Development and Revitalization: A European Perspective

Cultural and Creative Industries (CCIs) have emerged as powerful drivers of regional development and revitalization in Europe in recent years. This study explores the impact of CCIs on European regions, focusing on their economic, social, and cultural contributions. Drawing on extensive literature review and empirical research, this study examines the role of CCIs in job creation, GDP growth, innovation, social cohesion, cultural identity, urban regeneration, and the revitalization of declining areas. Data were collected using questionnaires distributed to 345 key players in the Cultural and Creative Industry of Greece. The findings reveal that CCIs significantly enhance job opportunities in European regions, with 74.4% of participants acknowledging their role in reducing unemployment and underemployment. Moreover, 71.4% recognized the substantial contribution of CCIs to regional GDP, highlighting that their economic importance is comparable to traditional industries. CCIs are seen as catalysts for social cohesion and cultural identity, as 75.6% of respondents attested to their role in uniting diverse communities. These results emphasize the sensitivity of CCIs to the existing cultural and historical context of these areas. Furthermore, this study identifies outcomes of regional development and revitalization, including improved education facilities (21.7%), preservation of regional cultural heritage (14.6%), and enhanced business relations (26.7%). Regression analysis demonstrated a strong association between CCIs and regional development and revitalization. This study provides comprehensive insights into the contributions of CCIs to regional development and revitalization in Europe. Policymakers, practitioners, and stakeholders can use these findings to harness the full potential of CCIs for sustainable and inclusive regional development.

Reimagining Pathways Into Culture and Creative Industries in the City of Seattle

In view that Culture and Creative Industries (CCI) are multi-sector, emergent, and complex, this paper couples the theoretical perspective of Margaret Archer’s Morphogenetic Approach with Adam Kahane’s Tansformative Scenario Planning (TSP) as its strategic framework to discover, articulate, and connect cross-sector (community-based organizations, industry, government, and education) CCI efforts. This study has sought to understand how and in what ways the actions found in the creative sector can be leveraged to enhance participation and ameliorate the outputs of socio-economic efforts across the full spectrum of the greater Seattle region. Thus, though this example it contributes to the creation of vital places of public welfare, where public frameworks and policies nurture accessibility and participate in connected culture and creative ecology.

Cultural and creative industries and theatre praxis in a digital epoch

Culture is closely related to civilization and all observable civilizations are derived from one form of culture to the other. The cultural and creative industries (CCIs) usually takes advantage of the vast cultural heritage of a given people as sources of inspiration for their artistic enterprise to thrive. At the heart of creativity in every pluralist society is culture. This is evident in countries like Nigeria, Ghana, South Africa, among others, where the cultural market offer muse for artists. This paper examines the ways through which the creative industry can tap from the rich resources inherent in the cultural market. It uses the Concept of Cultural and Creative Industries as a theoretical anchor to argue that the CCIs are valuable assets capable of instituting development ethos which can move a state from nationhood to civilization. The study gets its data from the instrumentality of documentary observation a la desk review of books, journals and other bibliotheca. It concludes that the theatre possess the innate ability to make Nigeria relevant in terms of soft power diplomacy in world politics and development.

Revisiting the CCIs-tourism nexus: insights from Smart Specialisation Strategies

In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the importance of interrelationships between cultural and creative industries (CCIs) and tourism for cross-industry innovation and sustainable local development. The purpose of this study is to deepen the understanding of the role and relevance of the CCIs-tourism nexus for innovation-driven socio-economic transformation of territories through regional policy design and implementation in Smart Specialisation Strategies (RIS3). To this end, a thematic analysis has been conducted to explore the links between CCIs and tourism in RIS3 prioritization choices and whether and how it has been revisited from the previous programming period (2014–2020) to the current updates of strategies (2021–2027). The findings provide insights into the focus and evolution of this nexus to address the role of CCIs in enabling innovation-led regional development for the triple transition.

Promoting Green Tourism Synergies with Cultural and Creative Industries: A Case Study of Greece

Green tourism is part of the global effort to create a more sustainable living environment, taking into account the needs of both the industry, the tourists and the local communities. CCIs are considered trustworthy ambassadors of authenticity and life values, and can therefore effectively promote and/or strengthen the ecological value. This paper focuses on the role that cultural and creative industries (CCIs) can play in the implementation of sustainable development, especially in regard to green tourism, focusing on their role as communicators of green messages. The methodological tools used for the collection, analysis and interpretation of data for this research include semiotic analysis in a number of CCIs’ products, coding their ecological messages; content analysis of the CCIs’ digital posts for a one-year period in order to examine the form, types and content of the communication; and a digital ethnography of the users’ comments in order to study the perception and interaction of the receivers of such messages, focusing on past, present and potential tourists. Through the case study of Greece—a well-known tourist destination with rich cultural resources—the author tries to answer to the following research questions: (a) Could green tourism be promoted as a life value through CCIs’ products and messages? (b) Are there any good and innovative practices for such promotion through the synergy of the tourism industry with CCIs that could be used as models for further cases? This paper concludes that CCIs can promote sustainability as a life value through role modeling, educational programs, and subconscious or more straightforward messages, using both their products and formal communication channels. The more successful way for Greek CCIs to promote green tourism is through synergies with official tourism promotion mechanisms. The research shows that in many cases, this linkage has been successful in a number of ways.

Opportunities for promoting societal inclusion through higher education cultural and creative industries courses: Evidence from UK business schools

The Creative and Cultural Industries (CCI) workforce is reportedly highly skilled yet lacking diversity, with higher education institutions playing a key role in developing graduates and their capacity to contribute to positive societal change. Consequently, this contribution explores how inclusivity is embedded and promoted via collaboration with businesses and communities in undergraduate and postgraduate CCI courses offered by UK business schools, where many of these courses are based. This is addressed via a qualitative content analysis of public-facing course materials commonly used by students when deciding on their course of study. Findings showcase how inclusive practices feature in curriculum design and delivery, assessment and feedback, engagement with businesses and the community, and employability support for graduates. These inform recommendations for higher education institutions on how to contribute to broadening inclusivity in the CCI labour market and beyond.

Covid-19 and Exposed to Vulnerabilities in The Creative Economy: Get Up Or Give Up

Academic literature extensively acknowledges the fragile character of creative and cultural activity. However, it has frequently been invisible to policymakers and decision-makers. As soon as Covid-19 began affecting local and national economies worldwide, numerous business and policy organizations hastened to research the impact of Covid-19 on the creative and cultural industries (CCIs) and their workforce. The report provides insight into these organizations' primary issues through a meta-analysis of the current survey and research programs in the United Kingdom. The findings shed light on prevalent concerns regarding visible and unseen challenges that require attention in this area. The study continues by debating if Covid-19 represents a watershed event for the sector or merely reveals the unsustainable cost of creative and cultural activity.

Crafting digital business ecosystems for cultural and creative industries

The Cultural and Creative Industries (CCI) thrive on innovation and creativity, necessitating robust cross-domain collaboration among diverse stakeholders. However, the current state of CCI co-creation mechanisms is marked by inadequacies. The primary objective is to provide practical and effective strategic guidance for co-creation endeavors within the dynamic CCI landscape. This study employs the Root Cause Analysis (RCA) method to identify and analyze critical elements for industrial co-creation, offering a comprehensive framework for understanding the intricacies of co-creation processes. The Cultural and Creative Industries Digital Business Ecosystem (CCI-DBE) model is then developed to encompass four foundational pillars: participation of multiple stakeholders, mechanism of co-creation, uniqueness of consumer experience, and output of co-created value. Participation of multiple stakeholders recognizes the importance of integrating perspectives from content creators, other companies, suppliers, and customers. The mechanism of co-creation delves into the necessity of a robust platform, supported by technological infrastructure, to facilitate seamless resource and knowledge exchange. The uniqueness of consumer experience emphasizes the need for tailoring offerings to meet consumers' unique experiential and meaningful needs. Output of co-created value focuses on enhancing product novelty, resource sharing, communication efficiency, information interaction, and cross-domain integration. This CCI-DBE model not only contributes to academic discourse but also provides actionable insights for practitioners seeking to navigate and enhance the co-creation process within the evolving CCI landscape. It stands as a valuable guide for fostering innovation, collaboration, and strategic alignment in the CCI sector.

How do CCIs contribute to regional innovation?

PurposeThis paper aims to understand how cultural and creative industries (CCIs) contribute to regional innovation.Design/methodology/approachThis paper explores the process of CCIs contributing to regional innovation and assesses the accumulated outcome of this process.FindingsThe authors conclude that CCIs contribute to a city’s innovation involving five dimensions (time, space, tangible, intangible and division) and four phases (people, tool, collaboration and brokerage) and the contributions are accumulated into positive innovation outcome; however, a highly developed economy is relatively unsupportive of CCIs contributing to regional innovation.Originality/valueThe main contributions are that the authors configured the detailed process of CCIs contributing to regional innovation and the authors quantitatively measured the impact of CCIs on regional innovation, using the Porter diamond model and Shannon entropy to construct the CCI index.

“Why and how higher education is so important for cultural and creative industries’ sustainable development?”

Considering the role played by Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) and Cultural and Creative Industries (CCIs), we recognize that more knowledge is needed to provide a better understanding of their relationship, collaborations and work in relation to sustainable development. The aim of this article is to highlight why and how Higher Education (HE) is key to CCIs’sustainable development. Academic research in this specific field is scarce and we aim at soliciting more attention towards this niche research sector, given the potential positive spillovers that it could originate. Through retracing the arising of interest towards the CCIs in general and recently towards sustainability issues linked to the CCIs facing the challenge of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), we show how these matters are inextricably associated to the essential role played by HE and HEIs. Thanks to the strong link between HEIs and CCIs’ sustainable development, we can expect that a sort of mimetic isomorphism process will happen in the coming years, with a choice of a strategy of imitation instead of differentiation.

Toward Music-Related Sound Control and Hearing Conservation in the Leisure Soundscape

Music-Induced Hearing Loss (MIHL) affects both musicians and participants of leisure soundscapes. Noise Risk Assessment and Hearing Conservation Program have been practised in the manufacturing and construction industries; however, these are rarely implemented in Cultural and Creative Industries (CCI) that are also exposed to excessive sound levels. This paper includes an example from the Rainforest World Music Festival, Malaysia where data were collected from 2015 to 2017, through sound pressure level (SPL) measurements, semi-structured interviews (60 participants) and a survey (1,194 respondents). Despite SPL measurements showing levels exceeding the recommended noise limit, the study reported a majority of 68% perceived the loudness of the music festival as "perfect" whilst 21% as "loud but acceptable". In leisure soundscapes, sounds are featured aural products in demand and encapsulated in cultural meanings with voluntary listening behaviours. Thus, some of the existing guidelines in occupational noise exposure may not be transferable. As recommendations, it is essential for an extensive study on the development of a focused framework to incorporate music-related sound control and hearing conservation in reducing the risk of MIHL while preserving the social-cultural value, creativity in arts and rewards in the hearing experience of a leisure soundscape.

‘Getting in’ or ‘moving on’? On internship experiences and representation in the popular music festival sector

ABSTRACT The cultural workforce has previously been described as pre-dominantly white, male and middle-class. Internships are often seen as a solution as they would function as a ‘democratising path to launch careers’. Nevertheless, previous research has also suggested that there is no smooth path from an internship to paid work for anyone, and even less so for some than for others. Moving beyond previous research, which often neglects the production perspective on music festival organisation altogether or exclusively focuses on individuals ‘getting into’ the cultural and creative industries (CCI), we also include those who are ‘moving on’. We question the (non)diverse composition of the popular music festival sector in Rotterdam, focusing on why and how people are excluded from working in it. Semi-structured interviews were collected in two phases: 1) workers who did an internship and moved into the sector (n = 11) and 2) former interns who left the music festival sector after their internship (n = 13). Findings indicate the force of the somatic norm of maleness and how related experiential differences affect sectoral demographic inequality. Moreover, internships are not an ‘easy fix’ for a non-diverse workforce because of how work is, experienced, organised and rewarded.

Connecting craft, design and the wood industry in South Tyrol: From clusters to creative ecosystem

Craft work provides unique opportunities to understand connections between artisanal production, innovative design and industrial manufacturing. It also enables us to reflect on the limits of existing research on creative clusters and industry spillovers and variety which misses important connections between the local industrial base, traditional cultural production, and design and innovation-led creative and cultural industries (CCIs). This is particularly relevant to rural economies where CCIs clusters have often been disconnected from local assets and manufacturing. The paper takes an ecological perspective to explore how craft activity diffuses across permeable boundaries of industrial, traditional, and creative production, and contributes to rural regional development by facilitating related and unrelated variety. Using the wood ecosystem of Val Gardena and the region of South Tyrol in Italy as a case study, the paper identifies shared ecosystem-sustaining assets – materiality, locality, and skills/knowledge – and explores how these relationships lead to different evolutionary trajectories and economic opportunities. The paper demonstrates how an ecosystem perspective expands our understanding of creative clusters beyond CCIs and shows how craft is connected to other local industries, contributing to local development dynamics.

Mediations of cultural policymaking during COVID-19: British newspaper reporting of the Culture Recovery Fund

ABSTRACT At the height of the COVID-19 pandemic, cultural policymaking frequently came to the fore in media debates about the impact of the crisis and measures to alleviate it. In this article, we present evidence of how newspaper coverage of the cultural and creative industries (CCIs) identified and framed competing perceptions of the relative utility of policymaking in this context, while also problematising familiar assumptions about the CCIs among policymakers, journalists and (arguably) the public. Specifically, we analysed British news and editorial items (n.4,162) published from 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2020. It offers a novel investigation into the ways in which media and policy rhetoric overlap, interact and influence each other. In doing so, this article contributes a unique perspective to the study and practice of cultural policy, bringing to light the typically underexplored role of the news media in shaping the narratives driving cultural policy deliberation and action.