Mustard Cultivars Research Articles

Canola-quality white mustard: Agronomic management and seed yield

Modern white mustard (Sinapis alba L.) cultivars have high concentrations of erucic acid and glucosinolates. The progress in the breeding and cultivation of oilseed crops has contributed to the development of canola-quality white mustard, a variety without erucic acid and with low glucosinolate content, which was released for commercial production in 2012. The introduction of a new variety of white mustard could require partial or complete modification of the relevant production technology. The agricultural requirements of new crop cultivars can be rapidly assessed in experiments with fractional factorial design. In 2016–2018, a field experiment with mixed 2m3k−1 factorial design, where five factors were tested at two and three levels, was carried out in the Agricultural Experiment Station in Bałcyny in north-eastern Poland. Two white mustard cultivars, including the traditional cultivar Radena and the canola-quality cultivar Warta, were sown on three dates: the optimal date (4–10 April), as well as 7 and 14 days past the optimal date. White mustard cultivars were grown at three levels of agricultural inputs (0, 1, 2) with different rates of nitrogen (80, 120 and 160 kg ha-1), sulfur (0, 20 and 40 kg ha-1) and boron fertilizers (0, 150 and 300 g ha-1). The yields of the traditional cultivar exceeded those of the canola-quality cultivar by 0.53 Mg ha-1 on average. Both cultivars produced the highest yields when sown on the optimal date. Delayed sowing (by 7 and 14 days) contributed to the greatest decrease in yield (32 % and 42 %, respectively) in a dry year (2018). The traditional cultivar was more sensitive to delayed sowing than the canola-quality cultivar. In both analyzed cultivars, nitrogen fertilizer delivered yield-forming effects up to the rate of 80 kg ha-1 (in the dry year) or 120 kg ha-1 (in the year with above-average precipitation, 2016–2017). In both cultivars, a significant increase in seed yield was observed in response to 20 kg S ha-1. Foliar application of boron fertilizer did not increase white mustard yields.

CURRENT TRENDS, METHODS AND RESULTS OF BROWN MUSTARD (BRASSICA JUNCEA) AND BLACK MUSTARD (BRASSICA NÍGRA) BREEDING

Background. Various types of mustard and its forms differ significantly from each other in a set of morphological, biological, biochemical and other economically important traits. Both brown and black mustard are in great demand.Materials and methods. The study was conducted in 2009– 2018 on the brown mustard cultivar ‘Rosinka’ using the VNIIMK techniques. Promising cultivars of brown mustard (‘Zolushka’, ‘Nika’, ‘Yunona’) and black mustard (‘Niagara’) as well as source material with good breeding prospects were evaluated for their economic significance.Results and discussion. Individual selection based on self-pollination in the seed production of brown mustard population cultivars was found to facilitate identification of high-yielding lines, promptly increase the yield of cultivars, isolate lines exceeding the initial population in oil yield, and obtain biotypes with unusual fatty acid composition. The best accessions demonstrated an increase of 1.0–2.9% in their oil content. Besides, the selected material had the yield at the same or higher level than the reference (on average, 3.22 t/ha). An increase of oil yield varied from 0.23 to 0.36 t/ha. The technique of recurrent individual selection of elite plants from interspecific hybrid populations with the use of selfpollination resulted in developing 3 brown mustard cultivars: ‘Zolushka’, ‘Nika’ and ‘Yunona’. One of the important trends in mustard breeding is the development of cultivars with a high content of allyl mustard oil. As a result of this work, a new brown mustard cultivar was developed (‘Gorlinka’). One of the representatives of the economically important Brassicaceae family is the black mustard. Its new cultivar ‘Niagara’ was developed by recurrent individual selection from accession k-2632 preserved in the collection of the Vavilov Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR). In competitive trials ‘Niagara’ demonstrated an average yield at the level of 1.5–1.7 t/ha, and the oil content in seeds of 37.0– 40.0%. Cv. ‘Niagara’ has a short growing season.

Towards breeding of rapeseed (Brassica napus) with alien cytoplasm and powdery mildew resistance from Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata).

Powdery mildew (PM), caused by Erysiphe cruciferarum, is an epidemic of oil rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) growing worldwide, but PM resistant germplasm is rare in this species. We screened 102 accessions of B. napus and other cruciferous species and found an Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata) cultivar ‘White flower’ immune to PM in both the field and greenhouse. Outcrossing in the female parent ‘White flower’ was promoted by using a chemical gametocide tribenuron-methyl, to obtain hybrid seeds of distant hybridization with an elite B. napus cultivar ‘Zhongshuang11’. Three true F1 hybrids with B. carinata cytoplasm were obtained without using embryo rescue, which showed complete male sterility and light yellow petals. The hybrid plants and the progenies derived from backcrossing were validated using morphological traits, seed quality, and molecular markers. Five lines in the BC1F3 generation, named ‘W7-1’, ‘W7-4’, ‘W7-6’, ‘W8-1’, and ‘W8-3’, and one BC2F2 line ‘W3PS-1’, whose young leaf was yellow green, were identified to be resistant or moderately resistant to PM. The seed quality and some morphological traits of these lines resembled the parent ‘Zhongshuang11’, indicating that the resistance gene(s) has been preliminarily introduced into B. napus.

Comparative evaluation of phytoremediation potential of indian mustard (Brassica juncea) varieties under sewage irrigated sites

Long-term application of sewage for crop production accumulates significant amount of heavy metals in soil. Some of these metals are carcinogenic and affect the soil, plant, animal and human health adversely. Phytoremediation with mustard is a well known and regularly adopted practice for metal removal from contaminated areas. However, genetic potential of mustard cultivars may have much influence on phytoremediation potential of mustard. For this, four prominent mustard crop varieties (NRC DR 2, NRC HB 101, RH 749 and RH 119) were grown at sewage contributed metal contaminated agriculture fields of Islamnagar and Bheropura villages. Results showed that all the mustard varieties removed significant amount of Cu, Cd, Pb, Cr, Ni, Zn and Mn from soil. Mean data of all three locations showed that maximum removal of Cu (479 mg plant-1), Cd (2.80 mg plant-1), Cr (38.1 mg plant-1), Ni (9.96 mg plant-1), Zn (26.6 mg plant-1) and Mn (538 mg plant-1) was in NRC HB 101 except for Pb uptake which was highest in NRC DR 2 (1.53 mg plant-1). The NRC HB 101 showed higher phytoextraction potential compared to rest of the varieties. These results are very much useful for formulation of phytoremediation management strategies under metal contaminated agriculture areas.

The effect of presowing treatment of seeds of winter rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) and winter brown mustard (Brassica juncea L.) with modern fungicides on their sowing qualities and biometric characteristics of seedlings

The aim of the research was to study the effect of chemical and biological fungicidal disinfectants on the sowing qualities of seeds, the length of stem and root of seedlings of winter rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) and winter mustard (Brassica juncea L.). We carried out the research in 2018-2020 in the laboratory conditions on the seeds of rapeseed cultivar Sarmat and mustard cultivar Dzhuna. We tested the following fungicidal disinfectants: chemical – a contact preparation with the active ingredient thiram 400 g/l (standard); systemic preparation with the active ingredient fludioxonil 25 g/l; complex biological contacts consisting of fungi of the genus Trichoderma Pers. and of bacteria of the genus Pseudomonas Мigula: biopreparation 1 (1 g/l+2x108 CFU/ml); biopreparation 2 (2 g/l+2x108 CFU/ml). All studied disinfectants suppress seed infections on rapeseed and mustard. They do not have negative effect on the stem length of rapeseed seedlings, but in the variant with thiram, the number of seedlings with a short root increases by 13 % compared to the control. When rapeseed seeds are treated with Fludioxonil and biopreparations, the number of seedlings with a root length of 56-70 mm increases, which contributes to better rooting and optimal overwintering of plants. When seeds of winter mustard are treated with thiram, the number of seedlings with a very short root (up to 25 mm) increases. Fludioxonil and biopreparation 1 contribute to an increase in the number of seedlings with a root length of 41-55 mm, which favorably affects the development of the plant’s root system and contributes to an increase in winter hardiness.

Comparative assessment of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) genotypes for phytoremediation of Cd and Pb contaminated soils

Heavy metal removal by phytoremediation bears a great potential to decontaminate soils and Brassica juncea L. (Indian mustard) seems to be a possible candidate species for this purpose. A field experiment was conducted to compare the efficiency of eighty Indian mustard cultivars for phytoextraction of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) from bimetal contaminated soil. Our results indicated that total Cd and Pb concentrations in the shoots and roots were in the range of 2.43 ± 0.00 to 0.31 ± 0.02 mg/kg and 2.94 ± 0.05 to 0.44 ± 0.03 mg/kg and 5.33 ± 0.76 to 0.47 ± 0.20 mg/kg and 3.78 ± 0.06 to 0.16 ± 0.08 mg/kg. Significant differences based on the translocation factors indicated that root-to-shoot transfer is higher for Pb (3.87 ± 0.12 to 0.48 ± 0.03) than Cd (3.38 ± 0.05 to 0.22 ± 0.01). Furthermore, significant correlations between dry weights, Cd and Pb concentrations and uptake in both shoots and roots were observed, but translocation factor showed a negative correlation with roots, but not in shoots. Among 80 genotypes of Indian mustard IM-25, IM-13 and IM-65 for Cd and IM-79, IM-24 and IM-32 for Pb seems to perform well for phytoextraction. The results of the field experiment suggest that certain Brassica juncea L. cultivars are suitable for removal of Cd and Pb in low to moderately contaminated soils.

Comparative analysis for understanding salinity tolerance mechanism in Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea L.)

This study reports a comparison of differential physiological and biochemical changes in two Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea L.) cultivars viz. CS-52 (salinity tolerant) and Ashirwad (salinity susceptible) after 15 days of gradual increase in NaCl concentration in the nutrient solution. The increase in the NaCl concentration in the nutrient solution was as follows: 25 mM for 2 days, 50 mM for 2 days, 75 mM for 2 days, 100 mM for 2 days, 125 mM for 2 days, and 150 mM for 5 days. After 15 days of salinity stress, we observed a sharp decline in dry matter content and leaf area in Ashirwad. These effects were, however, less pronounced in CS-52. Under high salinity conditions, CS-52 maintained a better physiological status as determined by higher relative water content, higher water use efficiency, and lower leaf temperature and electrolytic leakage ratio, compared to Ashirwad. CS-52 was also observed to be more efficient regarding gas-exchange parameters (stomatal conductance and transpiration) and photosynthetic capacity. Moreover, salt-induced changes in accumulation and distribution patterns, and the ratios of major macro- and microelements were recorded to be more favorable in CS-52 compared to Ashirwad. The study also revealed that salinity-induced relative changes in the concentrations and compositions of biomolecules such as lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates, and structural rearrangements in the side chains of proteins were less prominent in CS-52 indicating better preparedness and thus more adaptability of CS-52 towards salinity.

Nitric oxide and abscisic acid protects against PEG-induced drought stress differentially in Brassica genotypes by combining the role of stress modulators, markers and antioxidants

The present study was designed to see the effect of exogenous nitric oxide (NO) and abscisic acid (ABA) and their interaction on physiological and biochemical activities in leaves and roots of two Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) cultivars [cv. Pusa Jagannath (PJN) and Varuna (VAR)] exposed to polyethylene glycol (PEG)-induced drought stress. Seven days old hydroponically grown seedlings were treated with PEG (10%), sodium nitroprusside, a NO donor [NO (100 μM)] and abscisic acid [ABA (10 μM)], using different combinations as: Control, ABA, NO, PEG, PEG + ABA, PEG + NO, and PEG + NO + ABA. Results revealed that in response to PEG-induced drought stress leaf relative water content, chlorophyll, carotenoid and protein content decreased with increased production of O2−●, MDA, H2O2, cysteine content and non-enzymatic antioxidants (including proline, flavonoid, phenolic, anthocyanin, and ascorbic acid), whereas, the enzymatic antioxidants (including SOD, CAT, APX, GR) showed the response range from no effect to increase or decrease in certain enzymes in both Brassica cultivars. The application of NO or/and ABA in PEG-stressed cultivars showed that both enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants responded differently to attenuate oxidative stress in leaves and roots of both cultivars. Overall, PJN had the antioxidant protection mainly through the accumulation of non-enzymatic antioxidants, whereas VAR showed tolerance by the enhancement of both enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant activities. Altogether, the study concluded that the independent NO and its interaction with ABA (PEG + NO and PEG + NO + ABA) were much effective than independent ABA (PEG + ABA) in lowering PEG-drought stress in Brassica cultivars.

Classification of the seeds of traditional and double‐low cultivars of white mustard based on texture features

AbstractThe aim of this study was to develop classification models based on the texture features from the images acquired with a flatbed scanner to distinguish between the seeds of traditional (Radena) and double‐low (Warta) cultivars of white mustard. Texture features were calculated in MaZda software. The classification models for RGB, Lab, and XYZ color space and individual color channels for distinguishing between the seeds of traditional and double‐low cultivars of white mustard were built in the WEKA application with the use of selected Decision Trees (J48), Rules (J Rip), Bayes (Naive Bayes), Lazy (IBk), Meta (Multi Class Classifier), and Functions (FLDA) classifiers. The classification accuracy of the evaluated color models ranged from 77% (XYZ, IBk classifier) to 83% (RGB, JRip classifier). In an evaluation of individual color channels, classification accuracy was highest for channels R, L, and X, and it ranged from 85% for color channels L and X when the IBk classifier was used to 93% for the texture features from color channel R when the JRip classifier was used.Practical applicationsThe developed models support fast, cheap, nondestructive, and reliable discrimination of the seeds of white mustard. The proposed classification models based on texture features effectively distinguished between the seeds of traditional (Radena) and double‐low (Warta) cultivars of white mustard. Therefore, they can be reliably used to examine the authenticity of seeds and to detect seed adulteration.

Hatching dynamics of the beet cyst nematode, Heterodera schachtii, following exposure to root leachates from cultivars of sugar beet, white mustard and radish

Summary The hatching and emergence of juveniles from cysts of Heterodera schachtii in response to various stimuli are well understood. These responses relate to means of optimising the chances of successful reproduction and survival of populations. However, the effect of different cultivars of host species is not so well understood. To gain a further understanding of any differences between cultivars of host species, we conducted a number of experiments using root leachates obtained from a range of cultivars of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris), radish (Raphanus sativus) and white mustard (Sinapis alba). Heterodera schachtii cysts were exposed to root leachate solutions in in vitro laboratory assays during which emergence of second-stage juveniles (J2) from cysts was monitored weekly. Significant differences in the stimulation of hatch of J2 were found in response to different sugar beet cultivars and these differences may be driven by differing growth habits of such varieties. However, results obtained from experiments using brassica varieties showed contrasting responses. In one experiment, root leachates appeared to inhibit hatch of J2. However, two experiments did show a stimulation of hatch of J2 and also significant differences in hatch responses due to the age of the plant. These findings may help develop future screening procedures for brassica trap crops and help identify those that show the greatest potential for H. schachtii control.

Alternaria blight severity as influenced by meteorological parameters in mustard cultivars

Alternaria blight severity as influenced by meteorological parameters in mustard cultivars

Performance of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) cultivars under organic environment

Performance of Indian mustard (<i>Brassica juncea</i>) cultivars under organic environment

Ethylene Supplementation Increases PSII Efficiency and Alleviates Chromium-Inhibited Photosynthesis Through Increased Nitrogen and Sulfur Assimilation in Mustard

The effect of chromium (Cr) toxicity on four cultivars of mustard (Brassica juncea), Varuna, Pusa Bold, Rohini and SS2, was studied to select the cultivar with the highest tolerance potential based on higher photosynthesis and growth and lower oxidative stress. Plants receiving Cr showed enhanced superoxide production, accumulation of H2O2 and lipid peroxidation and reductions in photosynthesis and growth. We also studied the potential of ethephon (ethylene source; 2-chloroethyl phosphonic acid) in the amelioration of Cr-induced oxidative stress in the Varuna cultivar which had the highest tolerance potential. Supplementation of plants with ethylene resulted in the alleviation of Cr-induced stress by enhancing proline accumulation and the activity of proline metabolism enzymes and glutamyl kinase, and reduction in proline oxidase activity. Ethylene also increased the activity of enzymes of sulfur assimilation, ATP-sulfurylase and serine acetyl transferase and the content of reduced glutathione (GSH). Furthermore, application of ethylene to plants under Cr stress resulted in ethylene levels in the optimal range and increased the activity of anti-oxidant enzymes such as glutathione reductase and ascorbate peroxidase, reduced oxidative stress and increased photosynthesis and growth. The key role of ethylene in the reversal of Cr-induced photosynthetic inhibition was clearly seen with the application of the ethylene action inhibitor, silver nitrate (AgNO3). The supplementation of AgNO3 resulted in decreased GSH and proline content and lowered ethylene production and photosynthetic and growth compared to ethylene-treated plants. This suggests that ethylene is involved in -reversal of Cr inhibited photosynthesis and growth in mustard.

Thermophysical and chemical properties of seeds of traditional and double low cultivars of white mustard

Thermophysical and chemical properties of seeds of traditional and double low cultivars of white mustard

AAC Oriental 200 oriental mustard

AAC Oriental 200 is a doubled-haploid line. It was produced via microspore culture from the F1 hybrid plants resulting from a cross between the oriental mustard cultivars Cutlass and Forge. AAC Oriental 200 has a higher (7%) yield than the check cultivar Cutlass and similar levels of blackleg and white rust resistance. AAC Oriental 200 is well adapted to all mustard growing areas of western Canada.

Salicylic acid alleviates salinity-caused damage to foliar functions, plant growth and antioxidant system in Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata A. Br.)

BackgroundSoil salinity is considered as one of the major environmental factors that has reduced plant productivity worldwide. This study investigates the impact of salinity on plant growth attributes, biochemical and physiological leaf characteristics in two cultivars (Adet and Merawi) of Brassica carinata and also explores the role of salicylic acid (SA) in mitigating the effect of salt stress.MethodsFour-week-old cultivars were treated with NaCl (50, 100 and 150 mM) and SA (0.5 mM) and watered regularly with 100% field capacity. Thus, they were grown under eight different treatments (T1 = no NaCl, no SA; T2 = 0 mM NaCl with 0.5 mM SA; T3 = 50 mM NaCl without SA; T4 = 50 mM NaCl with 0.5 mM SA; T5 = 100 mM NaCl without SA; T6 = 100 mM NaCl with 0.5 mM SA; T7 = 150 mM NaCl without SA; and T8 = 150 mM NaCl with 0.5 mM SA). Nine-week-old cultivars were sampled for analyzing the growth attributes, plant water status, nitrate reductase activity, proline accumulation, photosynthetic traits, lipid peroxidation level and activity of antioxidant enzymes.ResultsSalinity treatments hampered the overall plant growth performance in a dose-dependent manner. Salinity also reduced photosynthetic efficiency by inhibiting chlorophyll synthesis, nitrate reductase activity, chlorophyll fluorescence, stomatal conductance, net photosynthetic and transpiration rates and plant water status. On the other hand, SA application alleviated the adverse effects of salinity and improved the performance of the studied parameters in both the cultivars. Higher dose of salinity increased proline production, but SA application mitigates this impact in both the cultivars studied. The activity of antioxidant enzymes increased under salt stress in a dose-dependent manner. SA treatment to normal or salinity-stressed plants increased the enzymes activity, showing that SA has a crucial role in modulating the cell redox balance and protecting the plants from oxidative damage. SA significantly reduced the salinity-caused effects on the overall performance of plants and their antioxidant systems in both the cultivars. Of the two cultivars, Adet was more tolerant to salinity than Merawi.ConclusionsFoliar application of SA improved the performance of Ethiopian mustard cultivars and mitigated the damage caused by salt stress.

The effect of processing on the glucosinolate profile in mustard seed

Brassica juncea mustard seed are used to make mustard paste or condiment. Mustard seed contains glucosinolates which are converted to isothiocyanates following cell disruption by the enzyme, myrosinase. Isothiocyanates are sulphur-containing compounds which give a pungent flavour to the mustard condiment. Three mustard seed cultivars from two seasons were processed into Dijon- and wholegrain-style mustard and glucosinolates and isothiocyanates analysed. Canadian cv. Centennial tended to contain higher glucosinolates compared with the French cv. AZ147 and Ukrainian cv. Chorniava. Conversion of the mustard seed into a wholegrain condiment had a lesser effect on total isothiocyanates and sinigrin content compared with the Dijon-style preparation. The Canadian mustard cultivars produced wholegrain-style mustard with higher total isothyocyantes and sinigrin compared with the French and Ukrainian cultivars. In summary, results herein suggest that Canadian mustard seed cvs. Centennial and Forge, and wholegrain processing may result in a condiment with greater bioactive composition.

Determination of crop evapotranspiration and partitioning of bare soil evaporation of mustard using weighing type field lysimeters

Determination of crop evapotranspiration (ETc) plays a significant role in estimating crop water requirement and subsequently irrigation scheduling of different crops leading to saving of water. Keeping this in view, the research work was undertaken to determine crop evapotranspiration (ETc)of mustard (Brassica juncea) cultivar Pusa Vijay (NPJ-93) and bare soil evaporation (E) using weighing type field lysimeters located at the research farm of Water Technology Centre, ICAR-IARI, New Delhi, India during rabi seasons of 2013–14 and 2014–15. It was observed that the average value of ETc during rabi 2013–14 season was 155.3 mm. Whereas, during rabi 2014–15 season, the value of ETc was 151.8 mm. Mean values of daily ETc were 1.23 mm/day and 1.08 mm/day during rabi seasons of 2013–14 and 2014–15, respectively. Mean monthly crop coefficient (Kc) values were estimated and relationship between Kc and Leaf Area Index (LAI) was established. The ratio of transpiration (T) to ETc was 0.70 during both the years. Nonetheless, the estimated ETc values of mustard and E can be used for judicious irrigation scheduling.

Enhancing food security in arid areas of Pakistan through newly developed drought tolerant and short duration mustard (Brassica juncea L.) Canola

Food security is the crucial global issue, especially in developing countries like Pakistan. Since edible oil is an essential food item, its persistent paucity in the country and huge import for meeting domestic requirements, has attained it second largest import item after petroleum products. The aim of present study is qualitative and quantitative evaluation of newly developed short duration and drought tolerant canola quality Brassica juncea lines ZBJ-06012 and ZBJ-08051 to overcome the unfavorable edible oil situation in the country. Thirteen lines were evaluated in randomized complete block design (RCBD) for seed yield, oil quality, maturity period and drought tolerance under different agro-climatic zones both in irrigated and arid areas across the Punjab province at eight locations in Micro Yield Trials during Rabi season 2012-13 and 2013-14. Presently, grown non-canola mustard varieties Khanpur Raya and Anmol Raya were used as check varieties. Brassica napus cultivars Punjab canola and Faisal canola were also included in the trials for comparison study of mustard and rapeseed genotypes. Data for all traits under observation was analyzed through Principle Component Analysis (PCA) to evaluate the best performing lines in irrigated as well as in rain fed areas. Principal Component Analysis showed first 2 PCs having Eigen value &gt;1 explaining 76.4% and 72% of the total variation at irrigated areas and rain fed areas respectively. The mean seed yield was also compared by Least Significant Difference (LSD) test to study the significance at 5% probability level. Canola quality B. juncea lines ZBJ-06012 and ZBJ-08051 have shown good adaptability, early maturity, non-shattering, disease and drought tolerance traits with high yield potential in comparison with presently grown Brassica napus cultivars ?Punjab Canola? and ?Faisal Canola?. Due to these prominent features, these lines have a great scope for motivating farmers to grow canola quality B. juncea when compared with B. napus and non-canola B. juncea. Future challenges demand further development of high yielding, short duration and aphid tolerant mustard cultivars having high oil content and canola quality. There is a great potential of exploiting genetic variability in the existing B. juncea material to achieve the aforesaid goals by using conventional plant breeding techniques.

Allelopathic potential of mustard crop residues on weed management and performance of transplant Aman rice

Crop allelopathy may be useful to minimize serious problems in the present agricultural production such as environmental pollution, unsafe production, human health concerns, depletion of crop diversity, soil sickness and reduction of crop productivity. In this phenomenon an experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to evaluate the effect of crop residues of mustard on weed management and crop performance of T. aman rice. The experiment consisted of three cultivars of T. aman rice viz., BR11, BR23 and BRRI dhan49 and five different level of mustard crop residues such as no crop residues, mustard crop residues @ 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 t ha–1. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Five weed species belonging to three families infested the experimental plots. Weed population, weed dry weight and percent inhibition of weed were significantly influenced by mustard crop residues and cultivar. The maximum weed growth was noticed with the cultivar BR23 and the minimum was found in the cultivar BR11. The grain yield as well as the other yield contributing characters produced by BR11 was the highest among the studied varieties. The highest percent inhibition of 71.17, 69.19, 80.88, 70.48 and 86.97 was in Shama (Echinochlo acrusgalli), Panishapla (Nymphaea nouchali), Panichaise (Scirpus juncoides), Panikachu (Monochoria vaginalis) and Susnishak (Marsilea quadrifolia), respectively which was caused by the application of mustard crop residues @ 2 t ha–1. The highest loss of grain yield was obtained where no crop residues were incorporated. The highest numbers of tillers hill-1, numbers of grains panicle–1, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, straw yield were observed where mustard crop residues were incorporated @ 2.0 t ha–1. BR11 cultivar with all treatments produced the highest grain and straw yield among the treatment combination. The results of this study indicate that different amount of mustard crop residues showed potential activity to suppress weed growth.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 15(2): 133-139, December 2017