Cuk Converter Research Articles

High efficiency Bridgeless Unity Power factor CUK converter Topology

A step-up bridgeless single phase ac-dc power factor correction (PFC) rectifier based on Cuk topology is proposed for high voltage battery charger application. The proposed topology consists of common input stage and parallel output stages. It utilizes one control signal over the whole line cycle. In addition, the proposed converter exhibits low inrush current and low magnetic emissions as classical Cuk topology. The bridgeless topology results in lower conduction losses as compared with conventional Cuk converter. Simulation and experimental results are presented along with the theoretical analysis.

Experimental Evaluation of a 2 kW/100 kHz DC–DC Bidirectional Converter Based on a Cuk Converter Using a Voltage-Doubler Concept

This paper presents a theoretical analysis of steady-state operation, control-oriented modeling for voltage control, and the experimental results of a DC–DC bidirectional converter based on a Cuk converter using a voltage-doubler concept. Due to the voltage-doubler concept, the voltage stress across semiconductors is reduced when compared with the conventional Cuk converter; this allows for the use of semiconductors with reduced drain–source on-resistance. Moreover, due to the input and output current source characteristics, the converter presents advantages, such as draining/injecting currents on both sides with low-ripple currents. Furthermore, the theoretical analysis is verified by experimental results obtained from a proof-of-concept prototype designed with a 250 V input voltage, a 360 V output voltage, 2 kW rated power, and 100 kHz switching frequency.

Analysis of suitable converter for the implementation of drive system in solar photovoltaic panels

Introduction. Photovoltaic (PV) systems gained immense attraction in the recent years since it produces electricity without causing environmental pollution through direct conversion of solar irradiance into electricity. Solar PV panels produce DC power. The magnitude of this DC power varies with temperature and irradiance of the sun rays. The DC supply from solar panels can be regulated using DC-DC converter and then can further be converted into the desired AC voltage by means of a voltage source inverter before being fed to an induction motor (IM). The speed and torque of an IM, fed from PV arrays, can vary due to the variation in the output power of the panels. Goal of this work is to improve the dynamic performance and reduce the torque ripple of Cuk converter-inverter fed IM drive system. The novelty of the current work proposes interleaved Cuk converter between solar PV DC source and the inverter. Purpose. To provide continuous current using an interleaved Cuk converter to the IM drive and in turn to reduce the torque ripple in IM. Methodology. Introduced an interleaved Cuk converter which is a blend of Cuk converters connected in parallel with each other between solar PV arrays and IM drive system. Originality. Simulation results are obtained for Cuk converter and interleaved Cuk converter fed IM drive by means of MATLAB. The hardware setup for the same IM systems is developed. Practical value. Simulation and hardware results are coincided with each other and it is subject from the simulation and hardware results that the interleaved Cuk converter-inverter fed IM system produced results superior than the Cuk converter inverter fed IM drive system.

A New Equalization Method for Lithium-Ion Battery Packs Based on CUK Converter

A New Equalization Method for Lithium-Ion Battery Packs Based on CUK Converter

Real time Capacitance and Absorption Based Voltage Regulation Model for Improved Power Stabilization with Cuk Converter

Real time Capacitance and Absorption Based Voltage Regulation Model for Improved Power Stabilization with Cuk Converter

A uni-stage battery charging system using an isolated inverted Cuk converter in bridgeless configuration

A uni-stage battery charging system using an isolated inverted Cuk converter in bridgeless configuration

A uni-stage battery charging system using an isolated inverted Cuk converter in bridgeless configuration

A uni-stage battery charging system using an isolated inverted Cuk converter in bridgeless configuration

Model-Based Sensor Fault Detection and Diagnosis in Closed-Loop Power Converters for Electric Vehicles

Electric Vehicle (EV) involves electric motors equipped with closed loop powered conversion systems which use the energy from storage batteries for vehicle propulsion and rely on sensor measurements as feedback to the controller. Therefore, sensor fault detection and diagnosis are an essential process that ensures performance and safety of EVs. From the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) study it is confirmed that electrical vehicle’s fault percentages vary, however, sensor faults constitute approximately 20-30% of total faults in them. Thus, sensor fault detection is critical for effective EV operation and requires the utmost focus from EV manufacturers and operators. Model-based techniques and Kalman Filter (KF) make it possible to detect faults on sensors in closed-loop EV power converter. It involves the use of mathematical model, sensor data and KF to identify fault before it becomes a threat and guarantees proper function of the vehicle. In this article, a state-space model of a CUK converter is developed, and an LQR closed-loop control system is designed for the power converter. A sensor fault detection method was developed for the system which is then simulated and tested under sensor bias fault conditions for both open and closed-loops control for determining the difference between them. The results showed a distinctive feature extracted between these two systems in the presence of system disturbances and noise applied to the sensor readings. The second section of simulation results in a closed-loop configuration validated the mathematical equations used for sensor fault detection, demonstrating their resistance to false alarms caused by system or component faults in addition to its ability to diagnose faults.

An Active Equalization Method of Battery Pack Based on Event-Triggered Consensus Algorithm

In this paper, a control strategy of a cell-based multi-agent system is proposed to solve the problem of inconsistency of series lithium-ion battery packs. The bidirectional Cuk converter is utilized as an equalizing circuit serving for balancing adjacent cells in a pack. A SOC-based consensus control with a time-triggered mechanism (TTM) is proposed. In order to reduce the actuator updates, the control method is ameliorated by altering TTM to an event-triggered mechanism (ETM). Adjustable balancing currents are designed in both TTM and ETM methods for the acceleration of the equalization process. The cases in dynamic environments under externally imposed charging/discharging currents by adopting TTM and ETM methods are investigated in detail. By comparison, the simulations and hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) experiments with a Typhoon real-time simulator are illustrated to show that, both in standby or external charging/discharging conditions, the proposed ETM algorithms are superior to TTM’s in terms of equalization time and adaptability to the external environment.

A Single-Stage Isolated Battery Charger Using Nonbridged Positive Cuk Converter Configuration

This article presents a nonbridged isolated positive Cuk (NB-IPCuk) converter-based single-stage battery charging system (SSBCS). The architecture of the suggested charger ensures the intrinsic advantage of power quality improvement in discontinuous current conduction (DCC) mode at the supply mains. The suggested NB-IPCuk converter scheme has fewer components than other bridgeless/nonbridged Cuk converter schemes. This is because the NB-IPCuk converter is a partial integration of two Cuk converters. The usage of the Cuk converter garnishes the system with input and output inductances, which lessens supply current harmonic distortion and, thus supply terminal low pass filter requirement is eradicated. The advantages of the NB-IPCuk converter are the eradication of one inductor and multiple diodes (two back-feeding diodes), which are generally used in NB converter configurations. In place of two separate inductors, the NB-IPCuk converter uses a single secondary side output inductor. The usage of BL configuration of NB-IPCuk converter eradicates the bridge rectifier (BR) stage, and thus, the BR-associated losses also got eradicated. The NB-IPCuk converter also garnishes the system with electrical isolation which adds to the safety standards of the system. DCC mode operation of the NB-IPCuk converter is used in the present work. DCC mode requires lesser sensors in comparison to continuous current conduction mode. The abovementioned benefits of the NB-IPCuk converter make the SSBCS system cheaper, compact, and more efficient. The detailed stability analysis (Bode diagram and pole-zero map) and mathematics for the NB-IPCuk converter are also included in the paper. The prototype and MATLAB/Simulink model of NB-IPCuk converter-based SSBCS system with DCC mode control has been built, and results of both prototype and MATLAB/Simulink are deployed to verify SSBCS system’s performance during dynamic and steady-state conditions.

An integrated charging equalizing converter based on Cuk converter for solar home system

AbstractA solar home system (SHS), containing three independent parts, namely a load voltage dc–dc converter, an energy storage device (ESD) charger, and an ESD equalizer, will become bulky and costly. Thus, based on Cuk converter, an integrated charging equalizing converter (ICEC) is proposed. The ICEC can achieve load voltage converting, battery/supercapacitor (SC) charging, and equalizing simultaneously. The idea of the ICEC is using a voltage multiplier (VM) to replace the capacitor in Cuk convertor, and then reusing the VM as a charging equalizer. When the Cuk converter is operating, the voltage ripple generated on the VM, which can be regarded as an ac voltage source, is utilized to drive the VM. Therefore, compared with the traditional methods, the charging and equalizing can be achieved without extra switches and magnetic elements. A prototype for four SCs is built to verify the feasibility of the proposed method. And the system efficiency is 87%, corresponding to the input power 5.6 W, the load output power 3.54 W, and the charging balance power 1.33 W. Moreover, a quantitative comparison shows the proposed method can reduce the system size and cost effectively.

Solar photo voltaic based hybrid CUK, SEPIC, ZETA converters for microgrid applications

The emergence of converters has triggered a paradigm transfer in the field of power electronics. Recently, DC/DC converters have predominantly employed alternative energy sources and become viable technologies for low- and high-power applications. The DC/DC converter is crucial in power conversion within renewable energy systems, such as hydro, solar photovoltaic (PV), fuel cells (FC), and wind. Its primary role is to modify the voltage and current levels to meet the system's requirements. This article comprehensively examines CUK, ZETA, and single-ended primary-inductor converter (SEPIC) in several phases, including enhancing efficiency, achieving cost-effective operation and mitigating switching losses. Furthermore, this study overviews each converter's operational modes and efficiency-output power comparison. This article compares integrating solar PV and FC technologies into various converters.

PI Controller Based Bridgeless Isolated Cuk Converter for Electric Vehicle Battery

This work proposes a cruise control idea based on a proportionate and integral (PI) direct torque control applied to an electric vehicle’s (EV) propulsion system. This study designs and develops a bridgeless isolated Cuk converter-based electric vehicle (EV) battery charger with a high power factor and enhanced efficiency. The study also goes into simulation, control design, and simulation, which results in a numerically emulator made up of detailed models of the key parts: transmission structure, inductive motor, electricity systems, system of control, and car dynamics. The simulation was created in MATLAB/Simulink and will enable for the assessment of an EV’s energy usage in various configurations. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the planned control.

Implementation of Bio-inspired Algorithms in Designing Optimized PID controller for Cuk Converter for Enhanced Performance: A Software based Approach

This paper represents the idea of implementing bio-inspired algorithms in designing an optimized PID controller to investigate the stability and improve the performance of the closed-loop CUK converter. Bio-inspired algorithms (BIA) such as Firefly Algorithm (FA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and, Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) are stochastic optimization techniques and have been increasingly applied to attain optimal solution for designing and optimizing power converters in current times. The closed-loop transfer function of the CUK converter has been developed by the State Space Average (SSA) technique. This paper assesses both the cases of converter stability when it is integrated with the conventional PID controller and the BIA-PID controllers (FA-PID, PSO-PID, ABC-PID) and eventually compares the outcomes from all the controllers. For examining the stability of the system, three objective functions (IAE, ITAE, and ISE) and various performance specifications such as percentage of overshoot, rise time, settling time, and peak amplitude are tabulated. MATLAB and Simulink are used to carry out the simulations meticulously. Hence, a comparative analysis is illustrated in this paper to state a clear-sighted evaluation of the performances.

Two combined model MPPT algorithms for stand alone photovoltaic systems

Maximum Power Point Trackers (MPPT’s) play an important role in stand alone photovoltaic systems. MPPT’s find and maintain operation at the maximum power point, using an MPPT algorithm. Many MPPT algorithms have been proposed in the literature. The MPPT techniques using microprocessors are favored because of their flexibility and compatibility with different PV module. The efficiency of these MPPT algorithms is drops in cases of rapidly changing atmospheric conditions. The incremental conductance solves this problem. In the other way, we find that the constant voltage algorithm is the simplest and is more effective than the incremental conductance in case of low solar irradiance condition. This paper combines the two models MPPT control algorithm, the constant voltage and the incremental conductance under different solar irradiance levels. Firstly, a novel model is proposed to predict the PV module performance for engineering applications and compared with the Walker model. A MSX60 PV, BPSX150 PV and PB585 PV modules are selected to proof the performance of the proposed model. Next, the combined two model MPPT algorithm is applied at various irradiations solar. Finally, a model of Cuk converter is built in order to verify the performance of proposed MPPT algorithm.

Torque Ripple Reduction Strategy for Brushless DC Motor Based on Output Mode Reconstruction of Cuk Converter

Torque Ripple Reduction Strategy for Brushless DC Motor Based on Output Mode Reconstruction of Cuk Converter

Estimation of Common Mode noise and Differential Mode noise generated by DC-DC Power Converters

The study contains a review of the body of knowledge regarding differential mode (DM) and common mode (CM)noise and how they affect power converter performance. With an emphasis on practical application, this work seeks to give an estimation of differential mode (DM) and common mode (CM) noise for cutting-edge DC-DC power converters such as Zeta converters, Single Ended Primary Inductance Converters (SEPIC), and Cuk converters. Active noise separators and Differential mode noise separators are used as a measurement technique to quantify DM and CM noise, considering a number of variables including input voltage, output voltage, load current, and switching frequency. By using filtering techniques, DM and CM noise can be reduced. Both CM noise and DM noise are created by the Zeta converter at 114 dBµV and 108 dBµV, respectively. CM noise from the SEPIC converter is 119 dBµV, and DM noise is 114 dBµV. With values of CM noise 98 dBµV and DM noise 106 dBµV, Cuk converter produces less noise when compared to Zeta and SEPIC converter. The results show that power converters can generate DM and CM noise, and that this noise is over the Comité International Special des Perturbations Radioélectriques [CISPR] limit line. The conducted emission range for various electronic devices is provided by this standard. This study provides useful insights for power converter designers and engineers to optimize the performance of their systems in practical applications.

Interline Unified Power Quality Conditioner for Enhancing Power Quality using FOFPID-based Interleaved CUK Converter

Electrical distribution systems face increased non-linear loads due to using power electronics for the converters. Due to these non-linear loads, the system exhibits PQ problems in the distributed feeders. To enhance PQ problems in the dual feeder, fractional order fuzzy proportional integral derivative controller (FOFPID) is introduced with interline unified power quality (IUPQC) conditioner. IUPQC conditioner includes a distribution static compensator (DSTATCOM), dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) and interleaved cuk converter (ICC). DSTATCOM and DVR are used for compensating the voltages and current in the dual feeders (feeder-1 and feeder-2). Also, ICC monitors the switching between the DSTATCOM and DVR compensators by providing proper power flow. Moreover, the FOFPID controller regulates an input supply from both feeders. The simulation is performed through MATLAB/Simulink platform, demonstrating the robustness of a proposed FOFPID with an IUPQC controller. The performance of a proposed controller is analyzed through two cases for both feeders. Furthermore, the total harmonic distortions (THD) are calculated for the feeder parameters. The proposed FOFPID with IUPQC controller also maintains stability in a dual feeder. Therefore, the entire response shows the functionality and feasibility of a proposed controller.

A Solar Photovoltaic Array and Grid Source-Fed Brushless DC Motor Drive for Water-Pumping Applications

This article presents a brushless DC motor drive using a solar photovoltaic (PV) array and grid. Solar PV array-fed drive systems typically need a DC–DC converter stage in order to optimize the solar PV array-generated power utilizing a maximum power point (MPP) tracking technique. In this work, a boost DC–DC converter is used for MPP tracking purposes. This work utilizes an incremental conductance (INC) MPP-tracking algorithm. A bridgeless asymmetrical converter without a bridge rectifier is used at the grid side to improve power quality at supply mains. The presented asymmetrical converter is an amalgamation of a second order (buck boost) with a fourth-order (Cuk) converter, which lowers the net system’s order. The input inductor of the Cuk converter manages the input current profile and, thus, eradicates the need for the filter at the grid mains. The bridgeless asymmetrical converter comes with several advantages, such as rectifier removal, component reduction, and input filter elimination. The performance of the brushless DC motor is examined in this article in all three scenarios: first, when grid and solar energy are both present; second, when solar energy is the only source of energy; and third, when grid energy is the only source of energy. The dual-source-based brushless DC motor drive system has been developed on matrix-laboratory/Simulink. The results are deployed and discussed to verify the drive-system performance. The article also presents a detailed stability analysis and mathematical modeling of the presented power-quality converter and MPP tracking converter to verify different converters’ stability using a bode diagram and a pole-zero plot.

A Power Factor Profile-Improved EV Charging System Using Bridgeless Buckboost-Cuk Converter

This article presents a power factor profile-improved bridgeless buckboost-Cuk converter-fed battery charging system for electric vehicle applications. The conventional charging system does not use any power factor improvement stage, due to which the supply current harmonics are very high and violate IEC-61000-3-2 standard guidelines. To meet the international standard guidelines, a compact and efficient power factor-improved converter stage is necessary. The power factor-improved converter in the present work uses a fourth-order Cuk converter during negative semi-cycle and a second-order buckboost converter during positive semi-cycles of the supply voltage. The amalgamation of a second- and fourth-order converter in a bridgeless configuration reduces the system’s order concerning a bridgeless Cuk converter-based system and also eradicates the need for a diode-based bridge rectifier (DbBR). Due to the presence of an input side inductor, there is no requirement for an external filter like a bridgeless buckboost converter-based scheme. The input inductor in the present scheme performs twin action; it reduces harmonic disturbances in the mains current during the negative semi-cycle and also works with capacitor CP to filter harmonics and improve the mains current profile during the positive semi-cycle of the mains voltage. The power factor-improved converter in the present work is operated in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM). This eliminates the requirement for extra sensors compared to continuous conduction mode (CCM). The scheme also eliminates the need for two extra back-feed diodes which are generally required in bridgeless configuration loop completion during different semi-cycles of mains voltage. In the present scheme, the work of back-feed diodes is done by the anti-parallel inherent diodes of the switches. In the second stage, a high-frequency-operated flyback converter is used which not only boosts the battery current profile but also provides the electrical isolation between the supply side and load. This article also presents the detailed stability analysis and math modeling of the presented bridgeless buckboost-Cuk converter. The presented system is built on MATLAB/Simulink, and results are presented and discussed to validate the system performance.