Carpal and cubital tunnel syndromes are the most common compressive neuropathies of the upper limb. Since the end of the 20th century, endoscopic technologies have become increasingly popular in decompression surgery for compression neuropathies. Since 2017, 194 patients have been operated on the basis of the Institute of Microsurgery (Tomsk, Russia), of which 154 with carpal tunnel syndrome (1st group) and 40 with cubital tunnel syndrome (2nd group). In the postoperative period, the results of the operation were assessed by changes in the level of neuropathic pain using the PainDetect questionnaire and the degree of hand dysfunction according to the DASH questionnaire, before and after the operation, and an analysis of early and late postoperative complications was also performed. The data obtained indicate a significant decrease in the level of neuropathic pain and a subjective improvement in hand function in patients of both groups 1 month after surgery. No early postoperative complications were detected in 1st group, late ones were noted in 7 patients, which amounted to 4.5%. In 2nd group, in the early postoperative period, 2 out of 40 patients had early postoperative complications, which amounted to 5%, late ones were not detected. It has been proven that endoscopic decompression of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel and the ulnar nerve in the cubital tunnel are effective and relatively safe types of surgery.