CT Imaging Of Paranasal Sinuses Research Articles

Multidetector Computed Tomography Used in Evaluation of Olfactory Fossa Depth in a Tertiary Hospital in Eastern Region of Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

Introduction: Olfactory fossa (OF) is a depression in most infero-medial portion of anterior cranial fossa formed by cribriform plate, crista galli and lateral lamella of cribriform plate (LLCP). LLCP being thinnest and extremely variable parts, more prone for iatrogenic injury during sinus surgery in case of asymmetric and deep OF. Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) is frequently used imaging modality in the evaluation of paranasal sinus. The objective of the study is to classify the OF depth according to the Keros classification. Methods: In this ethically approved prospective, cross-sectional descriptive study, CT scan was done in 530 consecutive patients from February 2022 to July 2023. Coronal CT images of paranasal sinuses and nose were used to measure the OF depth. The data collected was analyzed using SPSS.Results: Out of 530 patients included in this study, 310 (58.49%) were male and 220 (41.51%) were female with mean age of 40.46±11.56 years. Total of 1060 olfactory fossa were analyzed with mean depth of 4.96±1.88 mm. In our study, 310 (29.24%) had type I, 730 (68.88%) had type II and 20 (1.88%) had type III according to Keros classification.Conclusions: Keros type II OF is more common. The dangerous type III OF having low prevalence, more commonly seen on right side and in males.

Examination of ethmoidal roof regarding Keros and Yenigun classifications in a Turkish population: a computerized tomography study.

Understanding ethmoid roof morphology is crucial to prevent complications in endoscopic sinus surgery. This study aimed to evaluate the morphological properties of the ethmoidal roof regarding gender and age differences using Keros and Yenigun classifications on high-resolution computed tomography images. We retrospectively analyzed 891 high-resolution computed tomography paranasal sinus study images and measured the depth of the cribriform plate in coronal sections and the anterior-posterior length in axial planes. The study retrospectively examined CT images of paranasal sinuses of patients living in the eastern Anatolian region of Turkey. In both Keros and Yenigun Classifications, the most common class was type 2, and the least common class was type 3. According to Keros et al.'s method, no significant difference was observed between men and women (p = 0.698). However, according to Yenigun et al., the average values of women in terms of the anterior-posterior distance of the ethmoid roof were significantly higher than men (p = 0.001). When examined according to age, a very low, negative correlation was revealed regarding Keros and Yenigun classifications (p = 0.047 and p < 0.001 retrospectively). According to Keros and Yenigun's classification, there was no significant difference between the left and right sides (p = 0.488 and p = 0.919, respectively). The morphological properties of the ethmoidal roof have importance to be considered for preoperative planning. Studying larger patient groups and meta-analyses that gather various research results about this subject might help better understand the ethmoidal roof morphology among populations.

Morphological, anatomical, radiological and clinical features of Mladina type 6 nasal septum deformations in humans.

The objective of this study was to prove the higher frequency of the type 6 deformations overall compared to the results obtained by conventional diagnostic methods, such as computed tomography images and clinical examination. The study was performed at the Institute of Anatomy, where a total of 114 randomly selected skulls were examined. The skulls were then scanned in a fixed position using the cone-beam technique (CBCT). The literature epidemiological data of the clinical incidence of type 6 in studies that also used Mladina classification were obtained. There was a statistically significant difference (p < 0.0001) in the frequency of type 6 deformation as diagnosed by visual inspection (22.8%) and computed tomography (7.9%). The frequency obtained by CT imaging amounted 7.9% and was almost the same as the results obtained by a clinical examination which varied between 9 and 11%. The frequency of type 6 nasal septal deformation is higher by visual inspection of the skulls than by computed tomography imaging at a level of significance of 0.05. The incidence of type 6 findings on coronal CT images of paranasal sinuses is approximately the same as that found with anterior rhinoscopy. Type 6, visible or concealed; probably have one-fourth to one-fifth people in population, so the number of clinically overlooked and/or unrecognized types 6 is much greater than we thought it to be.

Microbiological profile in chronic rhinosinusitis patients in a rural hospital of India

&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;span lang="EN-IN"&gt;Chronic rhinosinusitis is one of the most common health problem a detailed microbiological profile of which is necessary to guide its proper management. The aim of this study was to identify the microbial pattern present in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery at a rural tertiary care hospital in India. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;span lang="EN-IN"&gt;A prospective study was done in ENT department of MGIMS, Sewagram over a period of 2 years. A total of 94 patients were included in the study. They were clinically diagnosed to have chronic sinusitis and confirmation was done by CT imaging of paranasal sinuses. During FESS, sinus secretions were aspirated and were subjected to bacterial and fungal culture. Bacterial and Fungal pathogens were identified according to the standard protocol. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;span lang="EN-IN"&gt;In the 94 patients, the mean age was 33.44 years and Male female ratio was 1.08: 1. &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus&lt;/em&gt; was the commonest organism isolated in 54 cases (57.4%) followed by &lt;em&gt;Streptococcus pneumoniae&lt;/em&gt; in 5 cases (5.3%), &lt;em&gt;Klebsiella&lt;/em&gt; in 1 case (1.1%), &lt;em&gt;E.coli&lt;/em&gt; in 1 case (1.1%) and &lt;em&gt;Pseudomonas aerogenosa&lt;/em&gt; in 1 case (1.1%).Fungus (Aspergillus niger) was isolated in 2 patients (2.1%) and no pathogens were found in 30 (31.9%) patients. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;span lang="EN-IN"&gt;In CRS bacterial etiology is the commonest.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

CT evaluation of diseases of Paranasal sinuses &amp; histopathological studies

Introduction: Diseases of the Para nasal sinuses include wide spectrum ranging from inflammatory conditions to neoplasms. CT has replaced conventional radiographs as imaging modality of choice for assessment of Para-nasal sinus diseases. Material and Method: This was the prospective study carried out on 50 symptomatic sinus diseased patients who underwent CT imaging of paranasal sinuses in both coronal and axial sections in Department of Radiodiagnosis, NSCB Medical College and hospital, Jabalpur from November 2014 to October 2015. Results: Most patients were in the 3rd and 5th decades of their life with male : female ratio of 4:1.The common complaint with which they presented was headache followed by nasal obstruction. Sensitivity and specificity for detection of mucosal abnormality was very good. On evaluating patients with CT PNS, the most common sinus involved was maxillary sinus. Commonest pattern of inflammation was sinonasal polyposis followed by osteomeatal unit pattern. Conclusion: To conclude, this study proved good result of CT evaluation of diseases of paranasal sinuses due to high sensitivity and specificity to diagnosis and the planning of management in paranasal sinuses diseases.

Association of inferior turbinate enlargement, concha bullosa and nasal valve collapse with the convexity of septal deviation

Conclusion: Inferior turbinate enlargement (ITE), nasal valve collapse (NVC) and concha bullosa (CB) are nasal anatomic problems that may accompany septal deviation (SD). Establishment of a causal relationship between these variations and SD is doubtful. In patients complaining of nasal obstruction, all nasal structures that may contribute to the symptom must be separately and carefully assessed for setting an appropriate treatment plan and thereby minimizing the failure rate of surgery. Objective: To investigate if the convexity of SD is associated with the occurences of ITE, CB and NVC. Patients and methods: This retrospective study was performed on 109 patients who had been operated due to anterior C-shaped SDs. ITE, CB and NVC were encountered in 65 (59.6%), 27 (24.8%) and 55 (50.5%) patients, respectively. Patients with other forms of SD, allergic rhinitis, non-allergic rhinitis with eosinophilia, acute and chronic sinusitis, nasal polyposis, antrochoanal polyps, those who had recently used systemic or topical decongestants and patients with a history of previous nasal surgery were excluded from the study group. Assessment of the patients was based on data derived from the history, physical examination findings and paranasal sinus CT imaging records. Results: No significant correlation was found between the convexity of the SD and occurrence of ITE, CB and NVC (p = 0.098, 0.717 and 0.171, respectively).