CT-based Analysis Research Articles

Correlation between heart size and emphysema in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: CT-based analysis using inspiratory and expiratory scans.

The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between the extent of emphysema and heart size in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) using inspiratory and expiratory chest computed tomography (CT). This retrospective study was approved by the institutional review board and informed consent was waived. We measured lung volume (LV), low attenuation area percent (%LAA; less than or equal to −950 HU), maximum cardiac area, and maximum transverse cardiac diameter on inspiratory/expiratory chest CT in 60 patients with COPD. Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to determine the correlations between the heart and lung CT measurements, and the correlations between these measurements and spirometric values. On inspiratory CT, the maximum transverse cardiac diameter was negatively correlated with LV (ρ = −0.42; p < 0.01) and %LAA (ρ = −0.43; p < 0.001). Furthermore, on expiratory CT, the maximum cardiac area was negatively correlated with LV (ρ = −0.35; p < 0.01) and %LAA (ρ = −0.37; p < 0.01), and there was a negative correlation between transverse cardiac diameter and %LAA (ρ = −0.34; p < 0.01). Although inspiratory cardiac size was not correlated with any of the spirometric values, the maximum cardiac area and transverse diameter on expiratory scans were significantly correlated with the reduced airflow values on spirometry (p < 0.01). In patients with COPD, the transverse cardiac diameter decreased as the emphysema progressed. A smaller cardiac area on expiratory CT suggested the presence of large LVs, emphysema, and airflow limitation in COPD.

A new method to assess pulmonary changes using 18F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography for lung cancer patients following radiotherapy

Background: 18F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG-PET) may be used for assessing radiation induced alterations in the lung. However, there is a need to further develop methodologies to improve quantification. Using computed tomography (CT), a local structure method has been shown to be superior to conventional CT-based analysis. Here, we investigate whether the local structure method based on 18F-FDG-PET improves radiotherapy (RT) dose–response quantification for lung cancer patients.Material and methods: Sixteen patients with lung cancer undergoing fractionated RT were examined by 18F-FDG-PET/CT at three sessions (pre, mid, post) and the lung was delineated in the planning CT images. The RT dose matrix was co-registered with the PET images. For each PET image series, mean (μ) and standard deviation (σ) maps were calculated based on cubes in the lung (3 × 3 × 3 voxels), where the spread in pre-therapy μ and σ was characterized by a covariance ellipse in a sub-volume of 3 × 3 × 3 cubes. Mahalanobis distance was used to measure the distance of individual cube values to the origin of the ellipse and to further form local structure ‘S’ maps. The structural difference maps (ΔS) and mean difference maps (Δμ) were calculated by subtracting pre-therapy maps from maps at mid- and post-therapy. Corresponding maps based on CT images were also generated.Results: ΔS identified new areas of interest in the lung compared to conventional Δμ maps. ΔS for PET and CT gave a significantly elevated lung signal compared to a control group during and post-RT (p < .05). Dose–response analyses by linear regression showed that ΔS between pre- and post-therapy for 18F-FDG-PET was the only parameter significantly associated with local lung dose (p = .04).Conclusions: The new method using local structures on 18F-FDG-PET provides a clearer uptake dose–response compared to conventional analysis and CT-based approaches and may be valuable in future studies addressing lung toxicity.

Femoral malrotation after surgical treatment of femoral shaft fractures in children: a retrospective CT-based analysis.

Rotational malalignment is an important and not always avoidable complication after surgical treatment of femoral shaft fractures. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of rotational malalignment in children after surgical treatment of femoral shaft fractures and to identify potential patient- and treatment-related risk factors based on data obtained from CT scans. We conducted a retrospective analysis of all patients aged less than 15years with femoral shaft fractures admitted to our level 1 trauma centre between January 2004 and July 2014. Patients having obtained postoperative CT scans were included for the determination of rotational malalignment. A difference of greater than 15° in femoral torsion between both legs was considered as clinically relevant. Additionally, demographic data and clinical information such as fracture type, treatment method, fluoroscopy time and operating time were reviewed. A total of 24 patients were enrolled in this study. Clinically relevant femoral malrotation was identified in 10 patients (41.6%). Surgical revision was performed in 7 patients (29.2%). There was no association between the type of surgical procedure, age and the incidence and/or amount of femoral malrotation. The data suggest that relevant femoral malrotation is an evident problem after surgical treatment of femoral shaft fractures in children that requires critical postoperative assessment. Level III, retrospective study.

3:36 PMAbstract No. 307 - Diameter of the cisterna chyli in patients suffering from liver cirrhosis undergoing transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt creation: a CT-based analysis

3:36 PMAbstract No. 307 - Diameter of the cisterna chyli in patients suffering from liver cirrhosis undergoing transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt creation: a CT-based analysis

244 - How Common is the Ponticulus Posticus? A CT-Based Analysis of 3000 Patients

244 - How Common is the Ponticulus Posticus? A CT-Based Analysis of 3000 Patients

P66 - Cervical Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament (OPLL): A CT-Based Analysis of 3000 Patients

P66 - Cervical Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament (OPLL): A CT-Based Analysis of 3000 Patients

Subannular perforation of left ventricular outflow tract associated with transcatheter valve implantation: pathophysiological background and clinical implications

Perforation of the subannular left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) represents an uncommon but almost invariably fatal transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI)-associated complication. The risk factors to predict the occurrence of this devastating complication, particularly in relation to specific LVOT anatomy, have not yet been systematically analysed. We aimed to evaluate the pathophysiological background and possible risk factors for the occurrence of subannular LVOT perforation. A total of 6 (0.7%) consecutive patients (78.8 ± 3.3 years, 83% women) with subannular LVOT perforation complicating TAVI procedure were identified from our institutional TAVI registry, including 900 consecutive patients who underwent TAVI procedure at a single institution between January 2009 and July 2015. Only patients with an intraoperatively confirmed LVOT perforation were included. The computed tomography (CT)-guided analysis of aortic root/LVOT morphology revealed subannular calcification in close proximity of the anatomically weakest region of muscular LVOT (i.e. in the region of the muscular LVOT between the left fibrous trigone and the left/right commissure) in 5/6 (83%) patients. Moreover, significant annular asymmetry >20% was present in 4/6 (67%) patients and was combined with a severe asymmetric hypertrophy of muscular LVOT. Subannular calcification in close proximity of the anatomically unprotected muscular LVOT might represent an important risk factor for the occurrence of subannular LVOT injury. Precise CT-based analysis of patient-specific aortic root anatomy/subannular calcification patterns may be helpful to predict this TAVI-associated complication preoperatively and hence to avoid it in future patients.

Computerized tomography based 3D modeling of the clavicle.

Previous studies have suggested clavicular morphology is highly variable, particularly in the lateral retrocurved section. Current clavicle fracture plating systems require three dimensional intra-operative contouring to achieve adequate fit and necessitate variable soft tissue dissection placing fracture perfusion and muscular attachments at risk. The aim of this study was to search for a surgically relevant superficial shape pattern. This is a retrospective CT-based analysis of 174 non-pathological clavicles in 95 adults (45 females, 50 males). Using the principle of cylindrical parameterisation generated 3-D computer models, we identified an implant preferred pathway (IPP), defined as a continuous linear region where the least possible soft tissue disruption would be necessary for plate fixation. The IPP mean form was within 3.04 mm (SD ± 1.34) on all clavicles. Clavicle length, and not shape, was found to be the biggest variable (correlation between size and form co-ordinates r = 0.99, p < 0.05), accounting for 79% of overall variability. This length variation was mainly located in the medial antecurved section. Superior convexity and recurvatum were the main shape variables, however they only contributed 8% and 5% to the overall variation, respectively. Three IPP lengths were shown to match all clavicles when aligned at the acromial end first. In contrast to previous studies, we have shown that the IPP is fairly consistent with respect to the general shape with the exception of length variation which mainly affected the medial antecurved section. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 34:1216-1223, 2016. Future pre-contoured fracture fixation systems should provide variable length plates with a constant lateral section retrocurve and a variable medial antecurve.

WE-FG-202-03: Quantitative CT-Based Analysis to Assess Lung Injury Following Proton Radiotherapy

Purpose: Relative to photon alternatives, the increased dose-conformity associated with proton therapy is expected to reduce the extent of radiation-induced lung toxicity. However, analysis of follow-up data is yet to be published in this area. In this study we retrospectively analyzed late-phase HU changes for proton therapy cohorts of chest wall and lung patients. Methods: From our institution's register of patients treated using double-scattered protons, all chest wall and stereotactic lung cases (treated 2011–2012 and 2008–2014 respectively) were initially considered. Follow-up CT data were accessible for 10 chest wall cases (prescribed 50.4 GyRBE in 28 fractions) and 16 lung cases (prescribed 42–50 GyRBE in 3–4 fractions). CT time-points ranged from 0.5–3.5 years post-treatment. Planning doses were recalculated using TOPAS Monte Carlo simulations and mapped onto the follow-up images using deformable registration. Excluding internal target volumes, changes in HU between each patient's planning and follow-up CT(s) were evaluated for dose bins of 2–30 GyRBE (2 GyRBE increments). Results: Linear increases in HU per unit dose, with correlations statistically significant at the 1% level (one-sided Spearman's rank test), were evident for all 10 chest wall cases and 14/16 lung cases. The mean changes in HU/Gy were: 1.76 (SD=0.73) for the chest wall cohort, and 1.40 (SD=0.87) for the lung cohort. The median scan times post treatment were 21 and 12 months respectively. All 26 patients developed solid consolidation (scar-like radiographic opacities) within the exposed lung(s). Conclusion: Analysis of follow-up CTs revealed statistically significant correlations in HU-change/dose for two proton cohorts (lung and chest wall). Quantitatively, the late-phase changes we report broadly match published photon data. Further analysis of such radiographic changes, particularly via matched cohort studies drawing upon consistent imaging protocols, could play an important role in elucidating inter-modality differences and provide insight into proton RBE for lung injury. Tracy Underwood gratefully acknowledges the support of the European Commission under an FP7 Marie Curie International Outgoing Fellowship for Career Development (#630064). This work was also funded under U19 grant CA 021239 (PI: Delaney).

A CT-Based Analysis of Implant Position of Sacroiliac Joint Fusion: Is There a Learning Curve for Safe Placement?

Introduction Diagnosis of degenerative sacroiliitis and surgical interventions are increasing. Open and minimally invasive sacroiliac joint (MIS SIJ) techniques exist. Optimal rod placement requires adequate training to minimize risk of breaching vital structures such as sacral anterior cortex (AC) and neural foramina (NF). CTbased image guidance navigation increases accuracy of rod placement. This study describes a retrospective singlesurgeon postoperative assessment of implant position in navigated MIS SIJ fusion procedures over a 5-year period. Materials and Methods Early (1st 3 years) versus late (past 2 years) cases were evaluated to assess learning curve of implant placement accuracy. Grading scheme was created to assess SIJ fusion rod placement and potential risk of guide pin breaching either AC and/or NF. Grade 1 denotes least risk of breach; Grade 2 denotes partial risk of breech by the implant but not the guide pin; Grade 3 denotes risk of breach of both pin and implant; Grade 4 denotes actual breach. Rod fixation grading was based on bony purchase ratio between iliac and sacral side of the joint where: Grade 1: &gt; 50% of rod occupies sacral side; Grade 2: 50% of rod is fixed on sacral side; Grade 3: &lt; 50% of rod is fixed on sacral side and Grade 4: rod does not cross SIJ. Results From 2010 to 2014, 110 implants in 39 SI joint fusions in 33 patients were assessed. Of these 55% were placed atS1 level, 40% were S2 and 5% were in S3. Majority of rods were placed in optimal position (Grade 1 40%68%). The position of 48 rods in 1st 3 years were compared 62 rods in past 2 years. Greater percentage of rods were classified as Grade 1 in the last two years (68%, 65%) compared with the first 3 years (56%, 33%, 25%) indicating a learning curve and improved safety profile of rod placement over time. Conclusions This study demonstrates that a learning curve exists with the use of 3D CT guidance for SI joint implant placements. This proposed grading system can be used to aid in optimal placement of SI joint implants.

Radiological assessment of bone quality

Structural property of bone includes micro- or nano-structural property of the trabecular and cortical bone, and macroscopic geometry. Radiological technique is useful to analyze the bone structural property;micro-CT or synchrotron-CT is available to analyze micro- or nano-structural property of bone samples ex vivo, and multi-detector row CT(MDCT)or high-resolution peripheral QCT(HR-pQCT)is available to analyze human bone in vivo. For the analysis of hip geometry, CT-based hip structure analysis(HSA)is available aw sell se radiography and DXA-based HSA. These structural parameters are related to biomechanical property, and these assessment tools provide information of pathological changes or the effects of anti-osteoporotic agents on bone.

Low skeletal muscle density is associated with poor survival in patients who receive chemotherapy for metastatic gastric cancer.

Low skeletal muscle density (SMD) and low skeletal muscle index (SMI) are associated with poor overall survival (OS) in patients with various types of cancer. We retrospectively studied SMD and SMI using computed tomographic (CT) scans in patients with gastric cancer receiving chemotherapy to evaluate its prognostic significance. SMD and SMI were obtained from CT-based analysis using Slice-O-Matic® medical imaging software in patients who received S-1 plus cisplatin chemotherapy for metastatic gastric cancer. The CT images taken within 1 month before starting chemotherapy were used. The cut-off values for determining low SMD [<33 Hounsfield units (HU) in obese and <41 HU in non-obese patients] and low SMI (<41 cm2/m2 in females, <43 cm2/m2 in non-obese males and <53 cm2/m2 in obese males) were referenced from a large population based study. The CT images of 53 patients were reviewed. The median SMD was 36.8 HU (range, 19.5-59.3 HU), and the median SMI was 39.8 cm2/m2 (range, 23.7-60.0 cm2/m2). Patients with low SMD had significantly shorter OS compared with patients having normal SMD (8.9 vs. 12.8 months, P=0.03). However, OS did not differ significantly between patients with low and normal SMI (11.1 and 14.3 months, P=0.18). Multivariate analyses confirmed that low SMD was an independent predictor of poor outcomes (P<0.01). SMD is an important prognosticator of survival in patients with metastatic gastric cancer receiving chemotherapy.

CT-Based Morphological Analysis of Isolated Inferior and Medial Blow-out Orbital Fractures in Korean Adults

Purpose: To evaluate morphologic differences in isolated inferior medial orbital wall fractures (OWF) based on computed tomography scans.Methods: This was a retrospective observational case study of 22 patients with an isolated inferior OWF and 32 patients with an isolated medial fracture between January 2008 and August 2010. We analyzed patient demographics and bony radiologic characteristics on CT scans, including the length and height of the lamina papyracea, the number of ethmoid air cell septa, the length of the anterior and posterior border of the orbital floor, the thickness of the orbital floor maxillary bone, and the axial length of the eyeball.Results: There were no significant differences in sex, laterality, or concomitant intraocular injury between the two groups. The anteroposterior length (p = 0.391), the number of ethmoid septa (p = 0.869), and the thickness of the orbital floor (p = 0.419) did not differ significantly. The anterior (p < 0.001) or posterior (p = 0.014) height of the lamina papyracea, the lamina papyracea area (p < 0.001), and the lamina papyracea area/ethmoid air cell septa (p = 0.024) were significantly higher in the medial OWF group, while the anterior (p = 0.026) or posterior (p < 0.001) border length of the orbital floor and the axial length (p = 0.047) and volume (p = 0.034) of the eyeball were longer and smaller, respectively, in the inferior OWF group.Conclusions: Patients with a longer anterior or posterior border of the orbital floor, a shorter axial length, and a smaller eyeball volume are more likely to incur an isolated inferior OWF than an isolated medial OWF.

μCT-Based Analysis of the Solid Phase in Foams: Cell Wall Corrugation and other Microscopic Features.

This work presents a series of three-dimensional computational methods with the objective of analyzing and quantifying some important structural characteristics in a collection of low-density polyolefin-based foams. First, the solid phase tortuosity, local thickness, and surface curvature, have been determined over the solid phase of the foam. These parameters were used to quantify the presence of wrinkles located at the cell walls of the foams under study. In addition, a novel segmentation technique has been applied to the continuous solid phase. This novel method allows performing a separate analysis of the constituting elements of this phase, that is, cell struts and cell walls. The methodology is based on a solid classification algorithm and evaluates the local topological dissimilarities existing between these elements. Thanks to this method it was possible to perform a separate analysis of curvature, local thickness, and corrugation ratio in the solid constituents that reveals additional differences that were not detected in the first analysis of the continuous structure. The methods developed in this work are applicable to other types of porous materials in fields such as geoscience or biomedicine.

CT-based analysis of pericoronary adipose tissue density: Relation to cardiovascular risk factors and epicardial adipose tissue volume

BackgroundPericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) can promote atherosclerosis. Metabolically active and inactive PCAT may display different CT densities. However, CT density could be influenced by partial volume effects and image interpolation. ObjectiveTo investigate whether PCAT density values in CT displays differences that are larger than those attributable to interpolation and partial volume effects, which would manifest themselves through the relationship between PCAT density and distance from the contrast-enhanced coronary lumen. MethodsPCAT density analysis was performed (417 non-atherosclerotic segments, 63 patients) using dual-source CT with a threshold-based measurement method. Changes in PCAT density values depending on distance from the contrast-enhanced coronary lumen and the influence of cardiovascular risk profile were analyzed. ResultsMean PCAT density was −78.1 ± 5.6 HU. PCAT density decreased from proximal to distal segments in the LAD (−78.0 ± 7.3 vs. −82.4 ± 7.7 HU; p < 0.001). PCAT density was higher close to the lumen compared to more peripheral locations (−76.0 ± 6.7 vs. −78.5 ± 5.4 HU; p < 0.001). Decreasing PCAT density was significantly associated with higher epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) volume and body mass index. There was a trend of lower PCAT values with a family history of coronary artery disease. ConclusionCT-measured attenuation of PCAT is influenced by EAT volume and body mass index. A decrease of PCAT attenuation with increasing distance from the vessel and from proximal to distal segments may suggest variations in CT density of PCAT due to partial volume effects and image interpolation rather than solely due to differences in tissue composition or metabolic activity.

Prostate brachytherapy implant quality on biochemical control.

128 Background: prostate brachytherapy at our institution was analyzed for implant quality on biochemical control. Methods: We treated 368 patients with clinically localized prostate cancer. All patients underwent 1 month CT based dosimetric analysis. Follow up data was available on 289 patients with a minimum follow up of 5 years. Gleason score was 6 in 80% (n=233), and 7 in 20% (n=56). Clinical stage was T1c in 90% of cases (n=260), T2a was 8% (n=23), T2b was &lt;1% (n=3), T2c was &lt; 1% (n=2). The initial prostate-specific antigen was &lt; 10 ng/ml in 95% (n=274), 10.1-20 ng/ml in 5% (15).Patients with low risk disease ( clinical stage T1c, Gleason score 6 with a PSA &lt; 10 ng/ml) n=228. Patients with intermediate risk disease Gleason 7 adenocarcinoma or with a PSA&gt; 10 ng/ml &lt; 20 ng/ml )n= 61. All patients were treated with I (125). All patients underwent a 1-month CT-based dosimetric analysis. The implant dose was defined as the dose delivered to 90% of the prostate volume on post implant dosimetry (D(90)). Results: At minimum follow up of 5 years overall freedom from biochemical failure was 91.4%. For Gleason grade 6 freedom from biochemical failure was 95%. For Gleason grade 7 freedom from biochemical failure was 77%. Based on PSA freedom from biochemical failure for PSA &lt;10 ng/ml at diagnosis was 92 % and for PSA &gt;10 ng/ml and &lt;20 ng/ml was 80%. In patients with low risk disease ( clinical stage T1c, Gleason 6 adenocarcinoma with a PSA &lt; 10ng/ml) the freedom from biochemical failure was 94%. In patients with intermediate risk disease (Gleason 7 adenocarcinoma or with a PSA &gt;10 ng/ml &lt;20 ng/ml ) freedom from biochemical failure was 84%. Patients with optimal dose implants n=264 freedom from biochemical failure was 95%. Patients with suboptimal dose implants n=25 freedom from biochemical failure was 52% Conclusions: With a minimum follow up of 5 years our data support the use of implant alone in low risk prostate cancer patients with a freedom from biochemical failure of 94%. Our data also shows the importance of implant quality in achieving optimal out comes.

CORR Insights®: Sex-specific differences of the infraacetabular corridor: a biomorphometric CT-based analysis on a database of 523 pelves.

I n the current study by Gras and colleagues, the authors used biomorphometric analysis of 523 pelves to determine the orientation and diameter of the infraacetabular corridor. The authors found that a minimum 5 mm corridor was present in 93% of pelves. This work may result in improved surgical techniques for the placement of infraacetabular screws, which can be challenging, and which may help improve the surgical treatment in patients with certain patterns of acetabular fracture. The strength of this paper is the large quantity of scans used and the objective technique used to determine the size and location of the corridor. The use of large anatomic datasets is becoming much more common in orthopedics and has moved from research to development. For example, the SOMA database (Stryker Orthopaedics, Mahwah, NJ, USA) consists of more than 12,500 bones [3]. Stryker has used this database for determining the fit of fracture fixation plates and joint replacements in an attempt to improve the design of these devices. The ADaM service (Materialise NV, Leuven, Belgium) utilizes advanced statistical methods to analyze 3-D patient anatomy. However, it is important to understand the details of the models used. In this paper, the pelvis models only include the periosteal surface. The cortex was not modeled. If there is variation in cortical thickness, for some patients, there may not be room for the infraacetabular screw even if the diameter of the infraacetabular corridor were 5 mm as measured to the periosteal surface. In addition, a majority of the pelvis scans (70%) were taken from CT scans from patients who required a CT angiography. These patients did not have a periacetabular fracture. A malreduced fracture may further reduce the corridor width.

CT-3D-Fluoroscopy Matching Navigation Can Reduce the Malposition Rate of Iliosacral Screw Insertion for Less-Experienced Surgeons

The aim of the present study was to determine whether 3-dimensional (3D) fluoroscopic navigation combined with a preoperative computer tomography (CT)-based plan could enable surgeons to perform safe and reliable iliosacral screw insertion despite their limited experience. Eight pelvises with surrounding soft tissue donated from embalmed cadavers were used. Kirschner wires with a diameter of 3 mm were placed across the ilia bilaterally into the S1 and S2 vertebrae by 4 orthopaedic trainees. In 4 specimens, wires were placed across the right ilium using conventional technique and the left ilium using the CT-3D-fluoroscopy matching navigation system. In 4 other specimens, wires were placed across the right ilium using the 3D-fluoroscopic navigation system and the left ilium using the CT-3D-fluoroscopy matching navigation system. A postoperative CT-based analysis of wire localization was performed. The number of wire insertions until the final position check, operation duration, and radiation time and dose were also evaluated. The percentage of wires inserted correctly was higher in the CT-3D-fluoroscopy matching navigated group (100%) than in the conventional technique group (50%) and 3D-fluoroscopic navigation group (50%). The number of wire insertions and radiation time were significantly lower with both navigation systems than with the conventional technique, whereas there was no significant difference between the navigation systems. There were no significant differences in operation time and radiation dose among the 3 groups. The CT-3D-fluoroscopy matching navigation system reduced the malposition rate of percutaneous iliosacral screw insertion when performed by less experienced surgeons.

Modeling and exploiting collaborative traces in web-based collaborative working environment

In a Web-based Collaborative Working Environment (CWE), traces are always produced by past activities or interactions. Although every trace derives from the stored information, the modeled trace not only represents knowledge but also experience from the interactive actions among the actors or between an actor and the system. Normally, with the increasing complexity of group structure and frequent collaboration needs, the existing interactions become more difficult to grasp and analyze. This article focuses on defining, modeling and exploiting the various traces in the context of CWE, in particular Collaborative Traces (CTs) left in the shared/collaborative workspace. A model of collaborative trace that can efficiently enrich group experience and facilitate group collaboration is proposed and explained in details. Furthermore, we introduce and define a type of complex filter as a possible approach to exploit the traces. Four basic scenarios of collaborative trace exploitation are presented to describe its effects and advantages in CWE. A general model and framework of CT-based SWOT Analysis is discussed with examples. For practical applications, the validation of our model is examined in the context of the collaborative platform E-MEMORAe2.0. In addition, a remark concerning recommendations based on collaborative traces is given in the conclusion.

CT-based structural rigidity analysis yields high specificity and sensitivity for femoral fracture prediction

CT-based structural rigidity analysis yields high specificity and sensitivity for femoral fracture prediction