CSR Practices Research Articles

Convergent and Divergent Corporate Social Responsibility in South Korea: Collaborative and Adversarial NGO-Corporate Networks

Background: The differences between NGO networks for two distinct types of CSR practices are underexplored: convergent CSR, which pertains to the global standards embraced by both the local and global institutions, and divergent CSR, which is framed primarily by local economic, political and social conditions. Purpose: Grounded in institutional and network theory, the study explores the significance of three forms of network centrality in different types of CSR (convergent/divergent) and varying modes of interaction (collaborative/adversarial) across global versus local NGOs in South Korea, a state-led market economy. Research Design: The study conducts network analyses and descriptive analysis of NGOs’ collaborative and adversarial networks with corporations, in relation to their engagement in convergent and divergent CSR. Study Sample: The NGO/corporate network dataset consisted of 2073 nodes and 4158 edges (ties). The sample of CSR practices consisted of a total of 8715 instances of convergent CSR practices and 396 instances of divergent CSR practices. Data Collection and/or Analysis: A total of 260 reports from 52 South Korean corporations and a total of 430 reports from 78 NGOs in South Korea were used to develop a corpus of corporate/NGO network dataset (collaborative and adversarial) and the dataset of the type of CSR practices they engaged in (convergent/divergent). Then degree, eigenvector and betweenness centralities of the 78 NGOs were computed within the NGO-corporate network. The relationships between the three centralities and CSR types (convergent/divergent) were found through standard regression analyses and descriptive analyses. Results: The findings suggest that when engaging in convergent CSR, as opposed to divergent CSR, NGOs would benefit the most from developing collaborative ties to central others in their NGO-corporate network (eigenvector centrality). A descriptive analysis of the findings suggests that adversarial divergent CSR practices are primarily reported by a potentially isolated group of local NGOs. Conclusions: CSR practices develop in multiple forms within a national institution, rather than simply converging with the universal norms. They form under the communicative pressures of different types of global and local institutional actors, through different network positions (centralities) and nature of relationships (collaborative and adversarial).

CSR Motivations in Voluntary Non-Financial Disclosures: The Preparers’ Voice

CSR reports are communication tools, appropriate for informing stakeholders of the CSR practices conducted by organizations. This article aims to explore the reasons why complex organizations have adopted on purpose the CSR report to meet their needs and to discover why they have chosen to adopt the integrated report as an alternative to the sustainability report. This study is based on an explanatory case study of two healthcare organizations that have exactly implemented Integrated Reporting (IR), instead of Sustainability Reporting. The research method used is the field study. This work points out how organizations create and use CSR reports, even if they are not mandatory. If the IR looks like a “managerial innovation”, there is always a risk that the diffusion of these tools could simply be the latest popular trend, followed by internal or external proponents, rather than a rational decision-making process. The study has implications for the policymakers, the organizations, and their integrated report. The policymakers can understand if this tool can be useful for the organizations, to promote internal CSR. The study contributes to literature about the willingness to publish CSR reports, as an expression of the internal and external factors that influence voluntary reporting choices.

선택적 CSR과 외부주주의 감시에 대한 연구

Purpose – This study seeks to explore the impact of outside shareholders on CSR, and discuss how outside shareholders interact with corporate ownership structure to affect CSR. Design/Methodology/Approach – Using longitudinal data from 297 publicly listed companies in Korean large business groups, the study examined the direct and interaction effects of outside shareholders and corporate ownership structure on CSR. It focused on the impact of institutional stockholders holding 5% or more of the equity shares and foreign investors on corporate governance. Findings – While institutional investors do not significantly affect CSR, foreign investors have a positive impact and moderate the effects of corporate ownership structure on CSR. They respectively moderate the positive impact of controlling shareholder ownership and the negative impact of control-ownership disparity on CSR. These findings suggest that foreign investors play a role as independent monitors in aligning corporate governance with CSR objectives in large Korean business groups. Research Implications – The findings highlight the possibility of CSR being exploited for private benefits by controlling shareholders without effective corporate governance. This study emphasizes the need for monitoring and balanced oversight in reducing conflicts over CSR, suggesting the importance of outside shareholder engagement in corporate governance. It posits that outside shareholders, particularly foreign investors, are instrumental in fostering responsible corporate governance and CSR practices.

Climate risk assessment in petroleum operations: A review of CSR practices for sustainable Resilience in the United States and Africa

Climate risk assessment has emerged as a critical component in the sustainability efforts of petroleum operations, given the increasing frequency and severity of climate-related events. This paper provides a comprehensive review of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) practices employed in the United States and Africa to enhance sustainable resilience in the face of climate risks within the petroleum industry. In the United States, where stringent environmental regulations and public scrutiny prevail, petroleum companies have adopted a range of CSR practices to assess and mitigate climate risks. These practices encompass comprehensive environmental impact assessments, carbon footprint reduction initiatives, and the integration of renewable energy sources into their operations. The paper explores how these CSR practices contribute to the overall resilience of petroleum operations in the United States. In contrast, Africa presents a diverse landscape with varying levels of regulatory frameworks and industrial practices. The paper delves into the unique challenges and opportunities faced by petroleum operations on the African continent in managing climate risks. It highlights the role of CSR practices in promoting sustainable development, community engagement, and ecosystem conservation as integral components of climate risk resilience. The review emphasizes the importance of a holistic approach to climate risk assessment, considering both the environmental and social dimensions of petroleum operations. It sheds light on the need for collaboration between industry stakeholders, governments, and local communities to develop effective CSR strategies that enhance resilience while fostering sustainable practices. By synthesizing insights from both the United States and Africa, this paper contributes to the global discourse on climate risk management in the petroleum industry. It underscores the significance of CSR practices as instrumental tools for achieving sustainable resilience and fostering a harmonious coexistence between petroleum operations and the environment in diverse geopolitical contexts.

Insights into employee perspectives on corporate social responsibility policies and practices: Embeddedness, participation, and meaningfulness through work

AbstractCorporate social responsibility (CSR) has an increasingly important role in organizations, which are taking a proactive stance in the inclusion of concerns and initiatives at this level. This theme has an impact on employees, namely in the meaningfulness through work. Thus, this research aims to assess whether the CSR affect the meaningfulness through work, and whether the degree of incorporation and the design and implementation approach interfere in this relationship. The results, obtained from 235 responses, suggest that it is not CSR policies and practices that impact meaningfulness through work. For this feeling to be achieved, it is necessary for employees to perceive CSR as embedded and the design and implementation of policies and practices to be bottom‐up. In other words, for CSR to lead to real benefits for employees, organizations must make a genuine and substantial commitment to it.

Constructing a social responsibility system for professional sports clubs based on the perspective of China

AbstractThe development of CSR reflects the level and characteristics of professional sports organizations, and the CSR of professional sports clubs varies among different countries and regions. In order to explore the content of the CSR of Chinese professional sports clubs in a more comprehensive and systematic way, this study organizes previous studies on the CSR of clubs in different countries and regions, and analyzes the differences between Chinese professional sports clubs and clubs in Europe, North America, Japan, and other countries and regions. We collected the opinions of 20 experts through semi‐structured interviews and combined them with the “Five in One” overall layout to construct and explain the CSR system of professional sports clubs in China in the new era, filling the gaps in research on this topic. Research suggests that social economic responsibility, social political responsibility, social cultural responsibility, social construction responsibility, and social ecological responsibility constitute the CSR system of professional sports clubs in China. Within a certain range, the larger the scale and stronger the comprehensive strength of a club, the stronger its ability to fulfill its responsibilities, the more targets it fulfills, and the richer its content. The institutional environment and social awareness may account for this difference, and in a government‐led social environment or in the case of nationalized club ownership, the Chinese plan may be more applicable. Our research not only provides theoretical reference for subsequent research on the CSR content of professional sports clubs but also helps guide the CSR practice of clubs of different sizes, thereby promoting the exploration of diversified CSR development patterns of professional sports clubs in the academic community.

Assessment of corporate social responsibility practices in selected public libraries in South-West and North-Central, Nigeria

This study explored corporate social responsibility practices in selected public libraries in south-west and north-central Nigeria. The study adopts multiple case-study design, and qualitative research approach. Interview was used to collect data from a total of fifteen (15) participants. The study found that the public libraries do not have written CSR policy. Results showed that the public libraries engaged in social support, social change, socio-cultural activities, and COVID-19 social support. Findings showed that public libraries provide charity through book donations/gifts and provision of information to library users. It was revealed that public libraries advocate for, and participate in, periodic environmental sanitation. Results showed that the libraries remove what the librarians consider as morally decrepit information materials from the shelves, which means they aid censorship. The study showed that public libraries adhered to the ethics and guidelines of Librarians' Registration Council of Nigeria (LRCN) to a minimum extent since the Council has partially failed in their supervisory role. The study concludes that public libraries have their in-house ethics and policies that guide the library staff, users, attendants, and visitors. The study recognized that public libraries provide economic viable information to users, which enable them get improve their career, secure employment, and learn vocation. This study contribute that public libraries are essential in ensuring and meeting sustainable development goals via responsible CSR practices.

PENGARUH INFORMASI AKUNTANSI BIAYA DAN CSR TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN SUB SEKTOR MAKANAN DAN MINUMAN

This research aims to determine the effect of cost accounting information proxied by production costs and CSR disclosure on company value as proxied by Tobin's Q. The company that is the object of this research is a food and beverage sub sector manufacturing company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI). The sample in this study consisted of 11 companies using purposive sampling. The analysis model used in this research is a multiple linear regression analysis model. The t-test results show that the production cost variable has a negative effect on company value. Additionally, it is found that CSR disclosure also exhibited a negative correlation with company value, implying that companies engaging in more CSR activities may not necessarily witness a commensurate increase in their valuation. These outcomes contribute valuable insights into the complex dynamics between cost accounting, CSR practices, and corporate value in the context of the examined food and beverage sub sector on the Indonesia Stock Exchange.

Employee participation in corporate volunteering as the moderator of links between relationships at work, work meaningfulness and affective commitment

PurposeThe aim of this study is to test for a moderating role of employee participation in volunteering in links between employees' relationships with peers and supervisors, work meaningfulness (WM) and affective commitment (AC).Design/methodology/approachThe study is based on a survey conducted on a sample of 711 employees, both those involved and those non-involved in corporate volunteering (CV).FindingsThe results suggest that employee participation in CV strengthens the effects that employees' perceptions of positive relationships with peers and perceived supervisor support (PSS) have on employees' AC. Contrary to expectations, although participation in CV strengthens employees' sense of WM, it does not affect its links with other phenomena analyzed in this study.Originality/valueCV is a fast-growing practice in corporate social responsibility. The reasons companies implement CV include the benefits they gain from it, such as positive effects on employee attitudes and behaviors. The paper contributes to the understanding of CV effects on employee attitudes and behaviors and builds a better business case for this CSR practice.

CUSTOMERS’ OPINION TOWARDS CSR OF PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS IN TIRUNELVELI- A COMPARATIVE STUDY

Banking system plays an important role in the economic development of the country. Today, banks have diversified their activities and are getting into new products and services that include opportunities in credit cards, consumer finance, wealth management, life and general insurance, investment banking, mutual funds, pension fund regulation, stock broking services, etc. All private and public sector banks are keenly concentrated in fulfilling the need of doing CSR and disclosure practices regularly. The level of its impact on customers shall be measured by using some techniques. In the present study the researcher has concentrated on the view and perception of customers and their attitude towards the achievement of CSR of banking sector particularly in the study area and analysed by using statistical tools like percentage analysis, Chi-square test, two independent sample t-test etc.

What affects the corporate social responsibility practices of Chinese international contractors considering dynamic interactions? A hybrid structural equation modeling–fuzzy cognitive map approach

PurposeCorporate social responsibility (CSR) practices frequently result in increased costs for Chinese international contractors (CICs), where profitability is the primary objective; therefore, internal corporate drivers and external pressures play a crucial role in encouraging them to engage in sustainable CSR practices. This study systematically examines the dynamic impact of internal and external stakeholders on the CSR practices of CICs.Design/methodology/approachThis study adopted a structural equation model (SEM) to identify and validate a correlation between stakeholders and CSR practices. Standardized causal coefficients estimated in SEM were used to construct a fuzzy cognitive map (FCM) model to illustrate the effect of stakeholders on CSR practices with linkage direction and weights. Predictive, diagnostic, and hybrid analyses were performed to dynamically model the variation in stakeholders on the evolution of CSR practices.FindingsThe empirical results demonstrate that (1) employee participation in CSR has the greatest impact on CSR practices, followed by CSR strategies, partner and customer expectations, and finally government regulations. (2) In the early stage of CSR fulfillment, CSR strategies have the greatest influence on CSR practices; in the later stage of CSR fulfillment, employee participation in CSR has the greatest influence on CSR practices. (3) In the long run, the most effective and economical integrated interventions are those that address employee participation in CSR, partner expectations and customer expectations, and intervention in CSR strategies is needed if the level of CSR practice needs to be improved in the short term.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the research on the influence mechanisms of CSR practices of CICs and systematically analyzes their dynamic influence on CSR practices of CICs from the perspective of stakeholders.

Backlash and Sale: A Case Study on Corporate Image and Profitability of Video Game

Video game industry has rise rapidly. Platforms such as X (formerly known as Twitter), Facebook, TikTok and Reddit has reached millions of users. Many video game developers have implemented social media as a tool of marketing and maintaining PR with its user base. Combining with more integrated marketing campaign and continuous engagement with its user base, corporate image of video game company can lead to consumer loyalty and therefore, effect profitability of the product. This could also backfire in developers stead, as consumers are now more aware of their product than ever before. The existence of streaming and video sharing platform such as Twitch and YouTube means consumers can have a clear understanding of the product by watching other people play. Player may also form online community to share the praise or concern of existing product. Many controversial video games produced in recent years have received very different consumer feedback. Some, despite the initial backlash, remain commercially successful, while other faces dire consequences that damage both short-term and long-term profitability. The purpose of this research is to analyze various cases of video game sale when the developer company is under scrutiny by stakeholders due to questionable business or CSR practices. The aim is to understand the relation between a damaged reputation or corporate image and the tangible commercial feedback from the consumers in the context of video game industry.

Do Female CEOs Promote Behavioral Consistency in Firm’s Nonmarket Strategy: The Moderating Effect of Board Gender Diversity

This study explores whether and under what conditions women CEOs engage in behavioral consistency when promoting CSR practices. Specifically, drawing from the social role and behavioral consistency theories, we argue that women’s CEO presence will positively affect CSR consistency. We use two categories to capture the firm’s consistency in CSR practices: inter-domain and temporal consistency. Inter-domain consistency indicates reliability in a firm’s conduct across its various stakeholder groups. Temporal consistency refers to the consistency of a firm’s behavior toward its stakeholders over time. Using 167 unique S&P 500 firms over the 2005-2013 sample period, we found that women CEOs maintain higher temporal and inter-domain consistency than men. Our results also show that women CEO-led firms with greater gender diversity on their boards exhibit higher temporal and inter-domain consistency levels. Our study advances our understanding of how women CEOs use their situational and positional power to improve such equity and consistency.

Effect of customers’ skepticism toward CSR practices on customers’ behavior in luxury service context

ABSTRACT This study aims examining the consequences of customers’ distrust toward luxury service providers (i.e. attitude, trust, and willingness to pay). The mediating role of attitude and trust is tested to understand customer behaviors in the luxury hotel context. The role of demographic characteristics on customers’ skepticism and CSR behavior is investigated. Thus, this research extends previous CSR studies by 1) examining the role of customers’ skepticism in the luxury service context, 2) identifying the mediating role of attitude and trust in the relationship between skepticism and its outcomes, and 3) highlighting the individual differences in relation to their CSR behavior.

La relation entre la performance sociétale et la performance financière des entreprises

In the current era of sustainable development, the integration of economic, social, and environmental dimensions into risk management has become imperative for businesses, particularly in emerging countries. This necessity has spurred the large-scale emergence of Corporate Social Responsibility, encompassing environmental, social, and societal aspects. Alongside this, the concept of Corporate Social Performance has evolved as a quantifiable and measurable indicator derived from CSR practices, reflecting effective stakeholder relationship management. This paper delves into CSP as a metric for social responsibility and its correlation with financial performance, aiming to shed light on the interaction between these two critical dimensions within organizations, especially in the context of emerging economies. Through this exploration, we aim to contribute to the understanding of how CSR initiatives can influence not just the societal impact of a company but also its financial bottom line.

CSR Practices in India: Way Ahead

CSR Practices in India: Way Ahead

Innovation as a driving force for the creation of sustainable value derived from CSR: An integrated perspective

Coastal tourism is deep into a dichotomy between its potential to provide a wide range of social and natural benefits, and its traditional link to mass models, provoking a profound debate around the generation of negative externalities. This study examines the role of innovation and strategic corporate social responsibility orientation in the relationship between CSR and corporate performance to determine the mechanisms that underlie this main relationship. To this end, a sample of 202 hotels on the Spanish coast is analysed by applying the Partial Least Square Methodology. Useful results are derived from the empirical testing of the theoretical model, such as the existence of a positive direct effect between CSR and hotel performance. Likewise, we shed light on the mediating role of innovation and the moderating effect of a strategic CSR orientation in the main relationship, providing valid solutions for both academics and managers of coastal hotels, in terms of adopting CSR practices and promoting its integration into the core business of the hotel, and further developing innovations that will boost the benefits derived from their responsible practices, as well as their strengths to overcome the barriers traditionally faced when carrying out CSR strategies.

Investigating the influence of internal corporate social responsibility (ICSR) on work commitment and performance of employees of automobile companies in Chennai

As the automobile sector continues to evolve, the dynamics of employee engagement, commitment, and performance become crucial considerations for sustained success. Understanding how internal CSR practices influence employee behaviours and outcomes is essential in navigating the unique challenges and opportunities within this dynamic sector. This research seeks to explore these dimensions, aiming to bridge the existing knowledge gap and provide valuable insights for both academia and industry practitioners. This study employs an exploratory and descriptive approach, utilizing a mixed research methodology that integrates both qualitative and quantitative methods. The population of employees working in Chennai's automobile companies is the focus of the study. A Convenience Sampling method was employed to select a sample of 150 Employees belong to Automobile Sector from various parts of Chennai district. A Structured Questionnaire was used to gather primary data. The researcher employed a combination of descriptive and inferential statistical techniques to analyse the collected data. The study found that Internal CSR Practices have strong, positive and high relationship with Work Commitment and Performance of employees working in Select Automobile Companies. Male Employees have perceived more regarding the different Internal CSR Practices, have more positive Work Commitment and Performance of employees than their counter-part. ‘Labour Practices’ has stronger influence and ‘Recognition and Rewards Programs’ practice has weaker influence and ‘Diversity and Inclusion Initiatives’ Practice has no discernible impact on employees' performance in Select Automobile Companies. The study contributes to the ongoing discourse on the strategic internal CSR practice implementation in the automobile industry, offering actionable recommendations for companies to enhance employee commitment, and performance

Exploring Consumer’s Perception and Their Purchasing Decision For The Companies Involved In CSR Activities

The current research examined the impact of CSR practices through the qualitative methodology and identified CSR as a very useful tool for marketing and attracting consumers. Likewise, the researchers also explored the factors related to CSR that influence the consumers while adopting or skipping the products. The findings are useful for entrepreneurial ventures where it is explained that business involved in CSR practices outperform their counterparts.
 Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility, Consumers, Sustainability, intentions

CSR performance practices and COVID-19 – a qualitative study of SME owners in UAE

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the corporate social responsibility performance among small and medium enterprise (SME) owners in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) before and during COVID-19. This study shows insights into the barriers that could affect the CSR performance practices of UAE SMEs, and related implications are discussed in the study.Design/methodology/approachThis study used a longitudinal qualitative research design. The research comprised 30 interviews from 15 SME owners that were studied prior to and during the pandemic. The 15 interview participants are the sole owners of these SMEs and are Emirati citizens. They were identified through personal contacts and referrals.FindingsStudy findings show that there was a clear shift during the pandemic to place more focus on employees. CSR performance practices are dominated by strategies for caring for the environment and employees. During the pandemic, the priority was paying employees at least a portion of their salary despite financial hardships and ensuring their health and well-being. Prior to the crisis, the key barrier to the implementation of CSR performance practices was a lack of knowledge. During the pandemic, barriers identified included uncertainty and financial constraints. Furthermore, all the owners believe that big corporations should be more socially responsible and SMEs should be the recipients of CSR practices. Lastly, the owners expressed their belief in the values of transparency, integrity, commitment, efficiency and responsibility.Originality/valueThis study is a novel attempt to gain an in-depth understanding of CSR among SMEs in the UAE in the context of a pandemic. It looks specifically at the performance practices pursued by SME owners in the UAE before and during the COVID-19 crisis.