Rare-earth (RE) doping is one of the valid approaches to optimize the optical performance of the CsPbBr3 perovskite quantum dot glass. Thus, the research on the crystallization behavior of RE ions doped CsPbBr3 borosilicate glass and the energy transformation mechanism between the RE ions and CsPbBr3 is significant for the development of advanced Ln-doped perovskite glass materials. In this work, CsPbBr3 borosilicate glass ceramics doped with different concentrations of Nd2O3 were successfully synthesized. It was found that Nd2O3 makes the glass network structure more compact and then inhibits the precipitation of CsPbBr3 nanocrystals. Additionally, there is energy transfer between Nd3+ and CsPbBr3, which quenches the photoluminescence of CsPbBr3 borosilicate glass. This work deepens the understanding of the structural and photophysical properties of Ln-doped CsPbBr3 borosilicate glass ceramics and provides a reference value for the related work of RE ions doped perovskite borosilicate glass.