Crude Oil Production Capacity Research Articles

High-Efficiency Pre-Treatment Core Tube for Produced Water in the Main Cavity Coupled with Secondary Cavities and Its Application in the Bohai Heavy Oilfield

Improving the produced fluid yield is an effective measure for realizing the crude oil production capacity of offshore platforms. However, for offshore platforms employed in production, using the narrow space of the platform to expand the produced water treatment system is a significant problem. In this study, a highly efficient pre-treatment core tube was coupled with the main cavity and secondary cavities (MCSCs) based on a vane-type tubular separator and a cub-mother cyclone. The optimal inlet Reynolds number and processing capacity were determined according to the structure size of the MCSC, and the MCSC was applied to achieve highly efficient pre-treatment of produced water in a heavy oilfield in the Bohai Sea. The comprehensive evaluation indicators FA and FV were better than those used by current technology. When the influent oil content fluctuated around 2000 mg/L (average of 1772.81 mg/L), the oil content in the effluent was stable and below 200 mg/L (average of 106.44 mg/L), and the separation efficiency was nearly 94%. Compared to those of the current corrugated plate interceptor on the platform, the floor space was reduced by more than 60% and the separation efficiency increased by up to 65%.

E&P Notes (July 2022)

E&P Notes (July 2022)

Social Studies Education as A Tool for Rebranding Nigerians: Implications for National Development

Nigeria holds a strategic place in the African continent and the global community. This is not unconnected with the fact that Nigeria is a diplomatic force in West Africa and a major player in African politics. Nigeria is home to one-fifth of the population of sub-saharan Africa and the most populous black nation in the world. Nigeria surpassed South Africa at the continent’s largest economy in 2014. Bellying tremendous resources, with a maximum crude oil production capacity of 2.5 million barrels per day, Nigeria however presents an interesting but paradoxical case study in the comity of nations. To all intents and purpose, the Nigerian state remains privatized, unpopular, and unhegenomic without discipline, strong working ethnics, integrity and good citizenship at the individual and corporate levels. Because of this, Nigeria has been branded with negative names and attributes which include corruption, drug, and human trafficking, insecurity, land of darkness, God-forgotten country, a country where nothing works amongst others. For this reason, Social Studies is assigned the responsibility to develop in Nigerian youth an understanding of their societal values, knowledge, values, and skills that would enable them to deal with and manage the forces of the world in which they live, and learn how to live harmoniously in the society. This study examines the philosophy and objectives of social studies education in Nigeria. the contents and purposes of the social studies education with consideration to its ability to instil high-quality moral values and good character in students and provide them with the necessary skills, abilities, and competencies, which individual students require to participate in the development of the nation. Social Studies Education with its robust aims, objectives and philosophy is recommended as a veritable tool to rebrand Nigerian and by implication for national development.

Natural fractures in the Triassic tight sandstones of the Dongpu Depression, Bohai Bay Basin, eastern China: The key to production

Natural fractures are identified as high-quality storage space and seepage channels for the Triassic tight sandstone reservoirs in the Dongpu Depression, playing an important role in tight sandstone oil production. We have evaluated natural fracture growth at different scales using outcrops, cores, thin sections, and imaging logs and analyzed the correlation between fractures and crude oil production capacity with production data. Results show that natural fractures primarily are distributed in fine sandstones and siltstones, which mostly are shear fractures of near east–west and northeast–southwest strikes. The natural fractures of near east–west strikes generally are parallel to the present-day maximum horizontal principal stress with the biggest apertures and the highest permeability, which are the main seepage channels, next being the fractures of northeast–southwest strike. The natural fractures of near east–west strikes also are the most important contributors to the crude oil production in the Triassic tight sandstones of the Dongpu Depression. The intensity, permeability, and direction of natural fractures govern the crude oil productivity in the per-unit sandstone thickness.

Testing the Quality of Forecasting Using the Theils U Statistics for Forecasting the Production Capacity of Crude Oil in Iraq Until 2033

Since 2004, Iraq has been living on crude oil revenues in financing economic activities, which made it captive to the fluctuations of the global oil market, which has mortgaged the capacity of the macroeconomic Iraqi at the threshold of crude oil production capacity, at a time when Iraq is losing its local economic efforts in harnessing crude oil to its advantage, especially since All exploration, investigation, exploration and other works are carried out with foreign efforts. The research sheds light on the production capacity of crude oil in Iraq until the year 2033 in order to review what the production capacity of crude oil will lead to after the entry into force of the global climate agreement. Which constitutes a new challenge for the Iraqi economy. The research assumes that the decline in the production capacity of crude oil after 2030 could be a motive for abandoning the heavy dependence on crude oil in financing the Iraqi economy. Several advanced statistical techniques were used in order to reach the accuracy of the required statistical predictions according to the (Theils U) statistic, and predictions were made inside in order to verify the predictive power of the approved statistical models, the data used for the period (2005-2019), the research found (survival of Iraq is a large producer and exporter of crude oil until the year 2033), the research recommended (investment in the oil sector in order to develop local production and diversify the national economy).

Beyond 12.5: The implications of an increase in Saudi crude oil production capacity

A combination of factors is encouraging Saudi Arabia to consider raising crude oil production capacity beyond the current ceiling of 12.5 million barrels per day. The kingdom has managed to maintain a constant share of global crude oil markets, even as it copes with growing domestic demand for oil and a spate of investments in refineries, inside and outside the kingdom. Longer term, the threat of peak global oil demand – perhaps in response to climate change – enhances the attractions of a shorter time horizon to depletion. However, an increase in Saudi crude oil production would have consequences for markets and competing forms of energy, as well as for the kingdom's geopolitical stature. The wide range of potential outcomes suggests that a major capacity increase is a risky strategy.

Saudi Aramco Oil and Gas Production Hits Historic Levels

Production Record Saudi Arabian state oil company Saudi Aramco released its annual report in July, noting that it produced more oil and gas last year than ever before, and also raised its technical capabilities to new heights as part of it 2020 strategy to be a fully integrated energy and chemicals company. The company’s annual production exceeded 3.4 billion bbl of oil, equal to an average of 9.5 million BOPD. “In 2012, we produced 3.479 billion bbl of oil, about one in every eight bbl of the world’s crude oil production and the most we have produced in a single year in our history,” Saudi Aramco said in its annual report. “During 2012 at Saudi Aramco, we responded to market conditions by producing crude oil at the highest level in our company’s history,” said Khalid Al-Falih, president and chief executive officer of Saudi Aramco. The company’s recoverable crude oil and condensate reserves have reached 260.2 billion bbl, while gas reserves reached 284.8 Tcf. “Our maximum daily sustainable crude oil production capacity remained at 12 million BOPD during the year. Our gas plants now have a gas processing capacity of 13.23 Bscf/D,” the report said. Gas production has also reached historic levels, as the company reported an 8.3% increase in output in 2012 com-pared with 2011 at about 3.924 Tcf/yr, the highest in Saudi Aramco’s history. The company also said that it produced 482 million bbl of natural gas liquids including 82 million bbl of condensates. Crude oil exports increased 100 million bbl in 2012 to 2.52 billion bbl, with 53.2% exported to the Asia Pacific region followed by 16.5% to the United States, 7.4% to the Mediterranean region, and 5% to Europe. In 2012, Saudi Aramco focused on exploring frontier areas in the Red Sea and complex reservoirs onshore and offshore. Discoveries included one oil field—Aslaf—and two gas fields—Sha’ur and Umm Ramil—bringing its total oil and gas field discoveries throughout its history to 116. Sha’ur was its first discovery in the marine portion of the Red Sea.

Improvement of properties of styrene–butadiene–styrene-modified bitumen by grafted eucommia ulmoides gum

In order to enhance the properties of styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS)-modified bitumen and also alleviate the reliance of macromolecule-based modifier on crude oil production capacity and price, a natural modifier, referred to as eucommia ulmoides gum (EUG) is investigated as a partial substitute of SBS in this study. The grafting technology is used to form a functional group, i.e. maleic anhydride, which can effectively react with the nitro group in bitumen. Physical properties of the grafted EUG are examined based on infrared spectrum analysis. The mechanism of modifying bitumen by grafted EUG is also thoroughly studied. In addition, a series of laboratory tests are conducted to compare the properties of bitumen with different modification conditions. Furthermore, performance tests are conducted to investigate the high- and low-temperature properties and ageing property of mixtures with bitumen modified by different modifier combinations. It is found that the overall properties can be improved with appropriate amount of grafted EUG dosage. In particular, a dosage of 1.5% grafted EUG is recommended as an optimal amount in this study. It is suggested that the replacement of partial SBS by grafted EUG can not only enhance bitumen binder and mixture properties but also contribute to more sustainability with less energy consumption and carbon emission.

8-7 世界原油生産キャパシティ予測における埋蔵量変化の感度分析((2)評価・経済2,Session 8 エネルギー評価・経済,研究発表(口頭発表))

8-7 世界原油生産キャパシティ予測における埋蔵量変化の感度分析((2)評価・経済2,Session 8 エネルギー評価・経済,研究発表(口頭発表))

Short-Run Crude Oil Price and Surplus Production Capacity

This paper shows the effect that surplus crude oil production capacity has on short-term crude oil prices. A simple model using Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) industrial inventories and Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) surplus production capacity is introduced. This model provides improved forecasts for the post Gulf War I time period over models without the capacity variable.

Why Women are at War with Chevron: Nigerian Subsistence Struggles against the International Oil Industry

This study is an inquiry into why women were at war with oil companies in Nigeria and how they internationalized their struggle. Employing the Midnight Notes Collective's concept of “the new enclosures”; Shiva, Mies, and Bennholdt-Thomsen's “subsistence perspective”; and McMurtry's concept of the “civil commons,” the study elaborates a “gendered class analysis” to consider the social anatomy of coordinated global actions by producers and consumers of oil. Part one examines the period from July 2002 to February 2003. Nigerian women occupied oil terminals and flow stations and inspired global protests against war and oil companies. Part two considers widespread Nigerian workers’ strikes in the period from February 2003 to July 2003. These included work stoppages in transport, the oil industry, and the public service; a two-week seizure by oil workers of four Trans-ocean deep-sea platforms and an eight-day general strike against increases in the price of petroleum products. Part three analyzes the July-September 2003 period. From 10 July 2003 peasant women occupied oil facilities throughout the Delta. As official government neared collapse, village and clan-based organizations assumed much of the responsibility for the oversight of their own communities. By September 2003, insurgents shut down some 40 percent of Nigerian crude oil production capacity. Villagers denied oil companies all physical access to the western Delta. Chevron/Texaco, Shell, other majors and their contractors evacuated their Warri headquarters. The autonomous village organizations, linked to each other through regional solidarity networks, coordinated pan-Delta defense against Nigerian and U.S. military counterinsurgency. The study concludes with an analysis of the roots of insurgent power and direct deals in oil.

Inherent Difficulties in Producer-Consumer Cooperation

In August/September 1990 we experienced the first oil crisis brought on by the actions of consumers. That oil price run-up reflected the novelty of importing nations banding together to refuse to purchase oil -- rather than the unwillingness or inability of producer nations to supply oil. A writer from the United States, which until September 1990 was the world's second largest oil producer, might in the past have been expected also to speak the producer countries. Now, however, America's appetite for energy has reached the point that it already imports one-third or more of the oil moving in international trade. At one time America's crude oil-production capacity could cushion the impact of supply interruptions on its partners. That was the case in the Suez crisis. But those days are long since gone. One must also recall that, in the days when the United States was the major supplier nation, its role was not always the benign one of cushioning the effects of supply interruptions. President Roosevelt's decision to cut off oil supplies to Japan in August 1941 may have precipitated Japan's decision to go to war.

Analyzing Impacts of Potential Tax Policy Changes on U.S. Oil Security

This study uses the Treasury Department tax reform proposal as an extensive example of how one might quantitatively analyze the oil market impacts of changing US taxation policy and in so doing provides rough estimates of the oil security and economic impacts of tax proposals similar to those of the Treasury Department. Tax changes such as proposed by the Treasury Department can be expected to increase the cost of developing indigenous crude oil reserves. Lower domestic reserves would lead to lower domestic production and increased oil imports. Increasing import demand for oil would mitigate downward pressure on world crude oil prices in the short-to-intermediate term and would increase the rate of price increases in the intermediate-to longer term, when the existing OPEC excess crude oil production capacity will be greatly diminished. These crude oil price changes would increase energy prices and would increase the total cost of oil imports. Under these circumstances, any disruption in the international flow of petroleum would result in higher oil prices and more severe economic consequences if tax changes such as proposed by the Treasury Department were to be adopted. Such economic consequences are important and worthy of careful analysis in the context of anymore » tax reform debates. 14 references, 8 figures, 6 tables.« less

Criticism of Revisionism and Rectification of The Work Style Bear Fruit — The Redbanner of Tach'Ing is More Brilliant Than Ever

Abstract The great movement to criticize revisionism and rectify the work style has made the red banner of the Tach'ing Oil Field more brilliant than ever before. Under the leadership of the Party committee of the oil field, the broad masses of workers have further raised their awareness of the struggle in line and further promoted revolutionary traditions. Revolution and production show vigorous development. Compared with 1965, before the Great Cultural Revolution, crude oil production capacity in 1972 rose 210 percent, crude oil output 260 percent, and the quantity of crude oil refined 130 percent. Gratifying results have also been achieved in comprehensive production by the petrochemical industry and in scientific experiments. Since the beginning of this year the broad worker masses have exerted further efforts and scored new achievements in crude oil production, drilling, oil field construction, crude oil refining, and other fields of endeavor. The new oil zone which started to be drilled only in April this year began to spout crude oil in mid-July.