Southern Pacific Rattlesnake Research Articles

The Clotting of a Snake (Crotalus Viridis Helleri) Plasma and its Interaction with Various Snake Venoms

The clotting of C. V. Helleri plasma is not accelerated by the factor X activator or thrombin-like enzymes from its own venom. Clotting of the plasma is accelerated by the factor Xactivator from Russell's viper venom, but not by the thrombin-like enzyme from Agkistrodon Rhodostoma venom ("Arvin"). The prothrombin activator from the Taipan venom clots C.V. Helleri plasma equally well as human plasma, but the thrombin which is produced has a marked specificity for its own fibrinogen, and clots bovine fibrinogen more slowly. C.V. Helleri plasma contains an inhibitor which progressively inactivates bovine factor Xa and thrombin, but the inhibitor is not potentiated by heparin. The slow, protracted clotting of the snake plasma either alone or when mixed with human plasma or bovine fibrinogen suggests that this inhibitor may interfere with the polymerisation of fibrin monomer.

The histochemistry of the venom glands of the rattlesnake Crotalus viridis helleri. II. Monoamine oxidase, acid and alkaline phosphatase.

Crotalus viridis helleri venom glands were exposed to histochemical reactions for monoamine oxidase and acid and alkaline phosphatase activities in unmilked snakes and at 1, 4, 8 and 15 days following milking. Monoamine oxidase and acid phosphatase were observed scattered throughout the venom secretory cells during all stages analyzed. Alkaline phosphatase was found in the basement membrane of the main gland secretory cells only at 8 and 15 days after milking, but was demonstrable in the basement membranes of the primary duct and the posterior and anterior accessory gland at all stages.

The histochemistry of the venom glands of the rattlesnake Crotalus viridis helleri—I Lipid and non-specific esterase

Crotalus viridis helleri venom glands were exposed to histochemical reactions for lipid and non-specific esterase activities in unmilked snakes and at 1, 4, 8 and 15 days following milking. Lipid and non-specific esterase were found in homologous areas during all stages analyzed. These components were concentrated in the basal region of the secretory cells and smaller amounts were scattered throughout the cytoplasm of the cells. Supporting connective tissue septa contained heavy concentrations of lipid and non-specific esterase activities.

Cardiovascular responses to rattlesnake venom.

ArticleCardiovascular Responses to Rattlesnake VenomA. C. Witham, J. W. Remington, and E. A. LombardA. C. WithamFrom the Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia, J. W. RemingtonFrom the Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia, and E. A. LombardFrom the Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GeorgiaPublished Online:01 Jun 1953https://doi.org/10.1152/ajplegacy.1953.173.3.535MoreSectionsPDF (1 MB)Download PDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesGet permissionsTrack citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInWeChat Previous Back to Top Next Download PDF FiguresReferencesRelatedInformation Cited ByCrotalus Horridus Venom15 October 2004North American pit vipersJournal of Wilderness Medicine, Vol. 3, No. 4Characteristics of the action of Crotalus horridus horridus (timber rattlesnake) venom on the isolated, perfused rat heartToxicon, Vol. 25, No. 12Cardiovascular Effects of Snake VenomsCardiovascular failure produced by a peptide from the venom of the Southern Pacific rattlesnake, Crotalus viridis helleriToxicon, Vol. 17, No. 5ACUTE HEMODYNAMIC EFFECTS OF RATTLESNAKE, CROTALUS VIRIDIS HELLERI, VENOMTHE RELEASE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES FROM THE PULMONARY AND BRONCHIAL CIRCULATIONBlood and Plasma Specific Gravity Changes During Acute Alterations in Hemodynamics in Splenectomized DogsCirculation Research, Vol. 6, No. 2 More from this issue > Volume 173Issue 3June 1953Pages 535-541 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1953 by American Physiological Societyhttps://doi.org/10.1152/ajplegacy.1953.173.3.535PubMed13065483History Received 15 February 1953 Published online 1 June 1953 Published in print 1 June 1953 Metrics