Cross-sectoral Interactions Research Articles

Digital Twins for Research and Innovation in Support of the European Green Deal Data Space: A Systematic Review

According to the European Data Strategy established in 2020, the European Open Science Cloud (EOSC) is described as “the basis for a science, research and innovation data space… and will be connected and articulated with the sectoral data spaces”, being one of the 14 European Common Data Spaces. While current cross-sectoral interactions with the EOSC are realised through the association’s Health Data Task Force, advancements in other EU priorities, such as the Green Deal and the Digital Strategy, should be accelerated in the green and digital transitions and integrated by reinforcing each other to be climate-neutral by 2050. With this motivation, this paper systematically reviews data spaces and digital twins (DTs) within the context of research and innovation. Specifically, focusing on the relevance of the EOSC to the Green Deal Data Space (GDDS) and DTs of the Earth, the relationship between them is explored using a topic search with various keyword combinations in the Web of Science and CORDIS databases. Based on the selected scientific articles and projects, collaboration opportunities are mapped to connect relevant stakeholders. Furthermore, existing and developing service components that could contribute to technical building blocks for the GDDS are identified. In summary, key findings are highlighted, addressing the current gaps and opportunities among the GDDS initiatives presented in this review.

Mediators of change: Intermediaries in India's compressed biogas niche

A novel socio-technical niche requires alignment between various actors and institutions for growth. Intermediaries can be crucial in facilitating such alignments, especially where cross-sectoral interactions are essential for the niche's development. Compressed biogas is an emerging socio-technical niche in India that is constituted by actors and institutions spread across the agriculture and energy sectors. This study explores the identities and roles of intermediaries involved in developing India's nascent compressed biogas niche. Based on semi-structured interviews with multiple stakeholders, the study found that the intermediaries carried out three crucial functions for niche development. First, they helped to ensure the feedstock availability for compressed biogas production by maintaining a well-functioning cross-sectoral supply chain. Second, they helped align the regime-level institutions to the niche's needs. Third, they helped in expanding the geographical footprint of the niche. Based on empirical findings, the study proposes an analytical framework to illustrate different dimensions of intermediation for niche development in socio-technical transitions. The framework can help future research explore intermediaries' multi-faceted role in socio-technical niche development, especially in multi-system transitions.

Strange Bedfellows: Cross-Sectoral Interactions in a Mandatory CSR Regime

Strange Bedfellows: Cross-Sectoral Interactions in a Mandatory CSR Regime

Open energy system modelling for low-emission hydrogen roadmap planning: The case of Colombia

Climate change is driving the need for new approaches to energy production and utilization globally, contributing to the mitigation of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Low-emission hydrogen is recognized as a key energy vector for decarbonization, and numerous countries are currently evaluating strategies and roadmaps for its integration. Colombia, with its abundant renewable resources, is poised as a potential player in hydrogen production. This study presents a techno-economic assessment of hydrogen pathways and their cross-sectoral interactions within the Colombian energy system. By employing an open energy system optimization framework (OSeMOSYS), we modelled a detailed supply-demand hydrogen chain and analysed a series of scenarios from 2021 to 2050, including a sensitivity analysis. Our results show that hydrogen pathways will require 2–6.4 Mt/year in hydrogen production, 8–27 GW in new installed capacity, and US$50–80 billion in investments, with favourable impacts in GHG mitigation, energy imports, and socioeconomic benefits. We use these findings to suggest an update to the targets of the current National Hydrogen Roadmap focused on a higher ambition to deploy a full hydrogen economy. Our open methodology provides a valuable tool for conducting further assessments in developing countries interested in defining low-emission hydrogen roadmaps.

Rural and regional development in the age of digital platforms: platformization of the Japanese Furusato Nozei Hometown Tax Donation System

ABSTRACT We explore the Japanese regional development system, Furusato Nozei, which has been transformed radically after the entrance of private sector digital platforms. Drawing on the literature on platformization and social mission platforms, we perform thematic analysis of interview data collected from the representatives of private sector digital platforms operating in the system. Our findings show that the market dynamics that drive platformization of the Furusato Nozei system increased cross-sectoral interactions and resource distribution between urban taxpayers, rural municipalities, and local small and medium-sized enterprises. However, economic incentives also obscure the system’s original goal of rural and regional development. The results illustrate governance challenges related to public value creation in a platformized system. The conclusions show the importance of governing a delicate balance between creating economic incentives and maintaining shared social goals, while an ideological anchor such as the idea of hometown fosters the stability of the platformized system.

Maintaining the mental health of Ukrainians in time of war: searching for a mechanism to provide a comprehensive system of psychosocial support and mental health awareness.

Aim: To substantiate the possibilities of developing a comprehensive system of psychosocial support for Ukrainians during and after the war through thedevelopment of an integrated model of psychosocial service provision in the community, which promotes cross-sectoral interaction and expands the possibilities of integrating and scaling up multiple levels of mental health interventions. Materials and Methods: The article is based on the use of bibliosemantic analysis of scientific works on the topic of mental health and mental health during the war. Conclusions: It is emphasised that in developing a comprehensive system of psychosocial support, it is necessary to: ensure accessibility of services for those in need; integrate services into the general health and social protection system; use a multisectoral approach, involving various organisations, institutions and professionals; train professionals to work in war conditions; develop and implement psychoeducation and psychological support programmes; monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of programmes. Particular attention is paid to psychoeducation as a technology that can be used at different levels of psychological intervention by both mental health professionals and other specialists involved in the provision of social services in communities. The spread of the impact of psychoeducational programmes will contribute to the development of community resilience in the face of social and psychological risks provoked by the war. A mechanism for scaling up the capabilities of the Technical Working Group on Mental Health and Psychosocial Support (MHPSS TWG), an association of leading international and Ukrainian NGOs specialising in mental health, established in Ukraine with the support of the WHO and the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, is proposed. The idea of creating a network of Resilience Centres in communities with the aim of forming a comprehensive system of psychosocial support at the state and community levels is substantiated.

From Political Ties To NGO Donations: The Strategic Reconfiguration Of Cross-Sector Interactions

From Political Ties To NGO Donations: The Strategic Reconfiguration Of Cross-Sector Interactions

A Comprehensive Review of the Design and Operation Optimization of Energy Hubs and Their Interaction with the Markets and External Networks

The European Union’s vision for energy transition not only foresees decarbonization of the electricity sector, but also requires commitment across different sectors such as gas, heating, and cooling through an integrated approach. It also sets local energy communities at the center of the energy transition as a bottom-up approach to achieve these ambitious decarbonization goals. The energy hub is seen as a promising conceptual model to foster the optimization of multi-carrier energy systems and cross-sectoral interaction. Especially in the context of local energy communities, the energy hub concept can enable the optimal design, management, and control of future integrated and digitalized networks where multiple energy carriers operate seamlessly and in complementarity with each other. In that sense, the optimal design and operation of energy hubs are of critical importance, especially under the effect of multiple objectives taking on board not only technical, but also other aspects that would enable the sustainability of local energy communities, such as economic and environmental. This paper aims to provide an in-depth review of the literature surrounding the existing state-of-the-art approaches that are related to the design and operation optimization of energy hubs by also exploring their interaction with the external network and multiple markets. As the planning and operation of an energy hub is a multifaceted research topic, this paper covers issues such as the different optimization methods, optimization problems formulation including objective functions and constraints, and the hubs’ optimal market participation, including flexibility mechanisms. By systematizing the existing literature, this paper highlights any limitations of the approaches so far and identifies the need for further research and enhancement of the existing approaches.

Концептуально-методичний підхід до оцінювання впливу цифровізації на розвиток бізнесу в національній економіці

The article is aimed at defining the peculiarities of the digitalization process in the business environment of the national economy and formalizing the conceptual-methodical approach to assessing the impact of this process on business development. The article studies the actual scientific and practical issue of the impact of digital transformations on the results of economic activity of the business sector as the main driving force of the national economy. The importance of digitalization and the need to understand its multi-aspectuality and peculiarities of the course in socioeconomic systems of different levels are emphasized. Since the process of digital transformation goes beyond the boundaries of individual economic entities and sectors of the national economy, it is concluded that a full and in-depth analysis of the impact of factors of digital transformations on the development of the business sector should be carried out covering the changes that occur at the micro, meso and macro levels. A conceptual-methodical approach to analyzing the results of digital transformation in the economy with an emphasis on the entrepreneurial sector has been proposed. The approach includes the use of a system of indicators to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the progress of digital transformation at each of the above levels. At the micro level, the state of digitalization of the internal environment of economic entities is studied. At the meso level, digital transformations within industry and cross-sectoral interaction are monitored. At the macro level, national processes in the business sector are studied under the influence of the implementation of the State digital strategy and policy. The important role of the State in promoting digital innovations and stimulating the development of new technologies in favor of the national economy is underlined. It is noted that the implementation of the proposed approach requires the creation of a certain information, analytical, and organizational support.

The Galapagos small-scale fishing sector collaborative governance network: Structure, features and insights to bolster its adaptive capacity

Collaborative forms of governance have a key role in building adaptive capacity in small-scale fishery systems. However, governance systems’ structures and features are usually ignored, reducing opportunities to improve collaboration among multiple actors to cope with adverse drivers of change and enlarge trust in decision-making. This study used a social network analysis approach based on descriptive statistics and exponential random graph models (ERGMs) to examine specific network patterns and configurations that may bolster collaboration links and the capacity to adapt in the Galapagos small-scale fishery governance system. To this end, we evaluated the Galapagos small-scale fishery governance system to (1) identify central and bridging organizations, (2) explore the organizational links and link frequencies, and (3) test hypotheses about the governance system structure using a building block approach. Our findings suggest a cross-level and cross-sectoral interaction between various organizations in the Galapagos small-scale fishery system. We identified central and well-positioned actors and network configurations whose interactions might be fundamental to strengthening the small-scale fishing sector’s collaboration links and adaptive capacity to face future crises caused by novel pandemics, climate change or other anthropogenic and climate drivers of change.

Considerations towards the better integration of epidemiology into quantitative risk assessment.

Environmental epidemiology has proven critical to study various associations between environmental exposures and adverse human health effects. However, there is a perception that it often does not sufficiently inform quantitative risk assessment. To help address this concern, in 2017, the Health and Environmental Sciences Institute initiated a project engaging the epidemiology, exposure science, and risk assessment communities with tripartite representation from government agencies, industry, and academia, in a dialogue on the use of environmental epidemiology for quantitative risk assessment and public health decision making. As part of this project, four meetings attended by experts in epidemiology, exposure science, toxicology, statistics, and risk assessment, as well as one additional meeting engaging funding agencies, were organized to explore incentives and barriers to realizing the full potential of epidemiological data in quantitative risk assessment. A set of questions was shared with workshop participants prior to the meetings, and two case studies were used to support the discussion. Five key ideas emerged from these meetings as areas of desired improvement to ensure that human data can more consistently become an integral part of quantitative risk assessment: 1) reducing confirmation and publication bias, 2) increasing communication with funding agencies to raise awareness of research needs, 3) developing alternative funding channels targeted to support quantitative risk assessment, 4) making data available for reuse and analysis, and 5) developing cross-disciplinary and cross-sectoral interactions, collaborations, and training. We explored and integrated these themes into a roadmap illustrating the need for a multi-stakeholder effort to ensure that epidemiological data can fully contribute to the quantitative evaluation of human health risks, and to build confidence in a reliable decision-making process that leverages the totality of scientific evidence.

Medical disaster response: A critical analysis of the 2010 Haiti earthquake.

On January 12, 2010, a 7.0 magnitude earthquake struck the Republic of Haiti. The human cost was enormous-an estimated 316,000 people were killed, and a further 300,000 were injured. The scope of the disaster was matched by the scope of the response, which remains the largest multinational humanitarian response to date. An extensive scoping review of the relevant literature was undertaken, to identify studies that discussed the civilian and military disaster relief efforts. The aim was to highlight the key-lessons learned, that can be applied to future disaster response practise. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidance was followed. Seven scientific databases were searched, using consistent search terms-followed by an analysis of the existent Haitian literature. This process was supplemented by reviewing available grey literature. A total of 2,671 articles were reviewed, 106 of which were included in the study. In-depth analysis was structured, by aligning data to 12 key-domains, whilst also considering cross-sector interaction (Civilian-Civilian, Military-Military, and Civilian-Military). Dominant themes and lessons learned were identified and recorded in an online spreadsheet by an international research team. This study focuses on explicitly analysing the medical aspects of the humanitarian response. An unpreceded collaborative effort between non-governmental organisations, international militaries, and local stakeholders, led to a substantial number of disaster victims receiving life and limb-saving care. However, the response was not faultless. Relief efforts were complicated by large influxes of inexperienced actors, inadequate preliminary needs assessments, a lack of pre-existing policy regarding conduct and inter-agency collaboration, and limited consideration of post-disaster redevelopment during initial planning. Furthermore, one critical theme that bridged all aspects of the disaster response, was the failure of the international community to ensure Haitian involvement. No modern disaster has yet been as devastating as the 2010 Haiti earthquake. Given the ongoing climate crisis, as well as the risks posed by armed conflict-this will not remain the case indefinitely. This systematic analysis of the combined civilian and military disaster response, offers vital evidence for informing future medical relief efforts-and provides considerable opportunity to advance knowledge pertaining to disaster response.

Connections Between Stakeholder Governance and Corporate Governance

Scholarly work in strategy and corporate governance is increasingly converging to explore the implications of firms moving beyond the shareholder-centric governance modes towards stakeholder governance approaches that consider the interests of a broader set of heterogeneous stakeholders. This shift calls for new thinking in at least two core areas of strategic management: (i) the conceptualization of a firm’s fundamental function of creation and distribution of economic value within a stakeholder governance set-up, and (ii) the rules and patterns of organizing that underpin the enfranchisement and identification of stakeholder interests. In this symposium, we propose to engage in conversations that cut across work in stakeholder theory, corporate governance and social issues in management to advance further research on these important topics. The symposium will open with introductory keynote comments by two prominent scholars in the field, it will continue with four paper presentations, and it will conclude with a brief question-and-answer session with the audience. The ensuing discussion is envisioned to help advance both conceptual and empirical work at the intersection of novel, stakeholder-centric forms of governance. We also hope to shed light on promising areas for further research that leverages both novel approaches to theory and explores new empirical settings. Introductory keynote remarks Presenter: Ruth V. Aguilera; Northeastern U. Introductory keynote remarks Presenter: Joseph T. Mahoney; U. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Just Strategizing A Decision-Based Theory of Stakeholder Governance Presenter: Sergio Giovanetti Lazzarini; Insper Institute of Education and Research The Strategic Reconfiguration of Cross-Sector Interactions Presenter: Aline Gatignon; The Wharton School, U. of Pennsylvania Polycentric Governance Among Stakeholders in Low-Income Communities Presenter: Leandro S. Pongeluppe; U. of Toronto, Rotman School of Management Stakeholder Governance and the Institutional Environment Presenter: Sinziana Dorobantu; NYU Stern School of Business

Post-COVID-19 Revitalisation and Prospects for Climate Neutral Energy Security Technologies

Dealing with the effects of COVID-19 is on the energy security agenda. Consolidation of efforts at the regional, national and international levels to exchange experience in the implementation of successful practices and the formation of institutional support of the sustainable energy development contributes to the post-COVID-19 revitalisation. With this in mind, the article is devoted to studying the peculiarities and experience of the post-COVID-19 revitalisation of the energy sector in different countries and determining the development prospects of climate-neutral technologies in the energy security sphere. A change in the behaviour of energy consumers by the secondary energy source in the context of increased quarantine restrictions has been established. In particular, a downward trend in the volume of energy consumption from traditional sources (oil, coal, etc.) has been traced. At the same time, the demand for energy consumption from renewable sources (solar energy, wind energy, etc.) has grown, which made it possible to diagnose the reduction in CO2 emissions. Based on the analysis of measures to reduce the negative impact of the COVID-19 on energy security in different countries, the integration of the foundations of climate neutrality through the development of new critical technologies in the field of renewable energy sources has been established. As a result of a survey of green energy stakeholders using PEST analysis, it was proved that the complexity of integrating the principles of climate neutrality into the energy sector is that the result is not an economic effect but primarily an environmental effect (energy decarbonization). As a result, a methodology for determining the sustainability indicators for developing climate-neutral technologies in energy security using fuzzy set methods is proposed. The prospect of developing climate-neutral technologies in energy security lies in the transition to cross-sectoral interaction based on a closed cycle of energy consumption from renewable sources and the use of Industry 4.0 technologies. The proposed methodology will be a tool for further research on the developing organizational and innovative support and justifying the economic feasibility of introducing climate-neutral technologies based on the clustering of industries and a circular economy in the energy security sphere.

Cross-Sector Interactions in Western Europe: Lessons from Trade Credit Data

Cross-Sector Interactions in Western Europe: Lessons from Trade Credit Data

Knowledge Diffusion, Trade, and Innovation across Countries and Sectors

This paper provides a unified framework for quantifying the cross-country and cross-sector interactions among trade, innovation, and knowledge diffusion. This framework is used to study the effect of trade liberalization in an endogenous growth model in which comparative advantage and the stock of knowledge are determined by innovation and diffusion. The model is calibrated to match observed cross-country and cross-sector heterogeneity in production, innovation efficiency, and knowledge spillovers. The counterfactual analysis shows that a reduction in trade costs induces a reallocation of R&D and comparative advantage across sectors. Heterogeneous knowledge diffusion amplifies the specialization effects of trade-induced R&D reallocation, becoming an important source of welfare. (JEL F12, F14, O33, O34, O41)

Роль промисловості у забезпеченні сталого розвитку: досвід смартпріоритизації країн Центральної та Східної Європи

The article is devoted to the analysis and generalisation of the European practice of smart prioritisation with an emphasis on the role of the industrial sector in the implementation of innovative solutions to ensure sustainable development. The object of the study is the reference countries of Central and Eastern Europe. It was found that the CEE countries are at different stages of the path to sustainable development and demonstrate different degrees of concentration of national smart specialisation strategies on sustainable innovations. Croatia, Poland and the Czech Republic show the greatest interest in the implementation of smart priorities for sustainable development. Sustainable energy and renewables, resource efficiency, sustainable production and consumption prevail among the subject areas of sustainable innovation. In the sectoral aspect, the leading role in the implementation of smart innovative solutions to ensure sustainable development is assigned to manufacturing. In the developed smart specialisation strategies, most of the CEE countries focus on the manufacture of food products. This indicates the choice of smart priorities based on traditional specialisations. The prospects for the development of this sector are related to the bioeconomy, which also involves the resources of the wood industry and accumulated technological knowledge in chemical production and machine building. We have revealed two approaches in the practice of smart prioritisation: (1) concentrated prioritisation, which involves focusing on a certain innovative direction and is based on a limited number of types of economic activity with an understanding of their future interaction; (2) broad prioritisation, which is characteristic of territories with weak innovation ecosystems and involves unclear cross-sectoral interactions and coverage of a significant number of innovation directions, which are planned to be clarified in the course of further collaboration between key stakeholders. The results of the study make it possible to improve approaches to the development of smart specialisation strategies for the recovery and sustainable development of Ukrainian territories in the post-war period and to build a mutually beneficial cross-border/interregional partnership between Ukraine and the CEE countries in the selected smart priorities.

Model of the Adaptive Management System of an Industrial Enterprise in the Conditions of Industry 4.0

The work examines the conceptual and categorical nature of the apparatus of the theory of adaptive management of enterprises in the conditions of digitalization of the economy. The article aims at generalizing the theoretical foundations of adaptive management of an enterprise and developing an ecosystem model of adaptive management of development of economic sectors in the post-war period based on the mechanism of cross-sectoral interaction. The article presents the main approaches to the study of the concept of "adoption". Modern approaches to the management of industrial enterprises in the conditions of digital transformation, which have a cross-industry nature of the process of production of knowledge-intensive products, have been studied. A system of adaptive management of an industrial enterprise is proposed. The system of adaptive management of an industrial enterprise in a changing digital environment determines the order of interaction of many elements of the system, which allows making management decisions and coordinating the interaction of all elements to achieve the strategic goal of an enterprise operating in a constantly changing digital environment. An ecosystem model of cross-industry interaction has been developed and can be an effective mechanism for ensuring the strategic development of industrial enterprises producing high-tech products in the post-war period of Ukraine. For a successful transition to a governance model based on a mechanism of cross-industry cooperation, it is necessary to ensure the formation of an organizational structure of a digital platform of the cross-industry ecosystem that has the potential to scale up to other high-tech industries or facilitate their emergence.

Участие местных сообществ в развитии сельских территорий: опыт Европейского союза

Abstract. The use of the experience of implementing the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) in the member states of the European Union (EU) is relevant both for Russia and for other countries of the world interested in the successful development of the agrarian sector of the economy and rural areas. The role of rural areas in achieving national security of countries and regions (food, biological, environmental and other) is increasing significantly due to the current challenges and threats (climate change, COVID-19 pandemic, aggravation of the international situation). The purpose of the study, the results of which are presented in this article, is to scrutinise the special approach implemented under the CAP. This approach is referred to in European law as LEADER/CLLD and refers to a close combination of comprehensive cross-sector interaction with active involvement of local communities in rural development. In the work, analytical and review research methods were used, with the help of which (1) the current (relevant to the research topic) legislation, (2) programs implemented in the EU member states, (3) significant scientific publications were subject to scrupulous study. The result of the work is a review and analysis of the findings and practical recommendations for the future use of the various aspects of LEADER/CLLD in domestic political and economic practice. The application of this approach takes into account the fact that the experience of local residents, combined with the opinions of other stakeholders, can help to better adapt rural development policy to real needs and opportunities, and to form a specific (unique) human capital within the boundaries of rural communities. Human capital includes, in addition to specific skills, (1) the ability to take constructive initiatives, (2) a sense of local identity and ownership, (3) the ability to participate as equals with other partners in defining local development strategies, (4) trust between people, private enterprises, public institutions and sectoral communities interested in successful rural development, formed through constant interaction. Theoretical and practical conclusions regarding the content of LEADER/CLLD initiatives, as well as findings related to the possibilities of introducing tools and mechanisms to support rural areas, implemented directly with the involvement of local communities with financial support from the state, are of scientific novelty.

A clustering approach to improve spatial representation in water-energy-food models

Currently available water-energy-food (WEF) modelling frameworks to analyse cross-sectoral interactions often share one or more of the following gaps: (a) lack of integration between sectors, (b) coarse spatial representation, and (c) lack of reproducible methods of nexus assessment. In this paper, we present a novel clustering tool as an expansion to the Climate-Land-Energy-Water-Systems modelling framework used to quantify inter-sectoral linkages between water, energy, and food systems. The clustering tool uses Agglomerative Hierarchical clustering to aggregate spatial data related to the land and water sectors. Using clusters of aggregated data reconciles the need for a spatially resolved representation of the land-use and water sectors with the computational and data requirements to efficiently solve such a model. The aggregated clusters, combined together with energy system components, form an integrated resource planning structure. The modelling framework is underpinned by an open-source energy system modelling tool—OSeMOSYS—and uses publicly available data with global coverage. By doing so, the modelling framework allows for reproducible WEF nexus assessments. The approach is used to explore the inter-sectoral linkages between the energy, land-use, and water sectors of Viet Nam out to 2030. A validation of the clustering approach confirms that underlying trends actual crop yield data are preserved in the resultant clusters. Finally, changes in cultivated area of selected crops are observed and differences in levels of crop migration are identified.