Cross-cultural Factors Research Articles

Reimagining Recreational Landscapes: A Generative AI-Aided Comparative Study of Academic Greenspaces at IPB University and UP Los Baños

Abstract A systematic examination of recreational landscape users’ behavioral patterns on university campuses is needed to fill the knowledge gap in implementing healthy academic greenspaces. To do so, a study is made to see the general behavioral patterns vis-à-vis cross-cultural factors in two campuses in Indonesia and the Philippines using the following methods: 1) behavioral mapping (BM) to record landscape activities data, 2) literature review to create the coding system, and 3) generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) application to aid generate images for the recommendations. The time frame, time-frequency, density, facilities, academic greenspace codes, and images were recorded using the BM. The study revealed that outdoor recreation in academic greenspaces is experienced in disparate physical spaces with various combinations of four dimensions: social space, symbolic space, active space, and experience space. The devised coding system helped align the study areas, determining commonalities, dissimilarities, and unusual findings. Common lacking features extracted from the data analysis were used as text prompts, while site images were used as image prompts. Using the prompts, landscape scenarios were generated using the GenAI application-Midjourney. Rendered figures suggest prominent landscape intervention ideas that feature enhancements of visual resources and the addition of placemaking elements.

Strategies and challenges of teaching Indonesian to foreign speakers at Bandung State University

Considering the ongoing era of globalization, the importance of teaching Indonesian to foreign residents is increasing. Indonesian, as the official language of Indonesia, has important meaning as the main language in Southeast Asia. In addition, this language is recognized as one of the official languages of ASEAN and has an important function in encouraging international cooperation. As a result, more and more people from various countries are choosing to master Indonesian for academic, commercial or personal purposes. However, empirical evidence shows that several challenges hinder cultural exchange in BIPA education. These include the lack of Indonesian language skills among international students at the elementary level, the rise of bilingualism in Indonesian society, cross-cultural differences, the speed of communication in Indonesian society, and even low motivation among international students. This report explores the challenges and strategies involved in teaching at Bandung State University. This research aims to increase the effectiveness of teaching Indonesian to non-native students by overcoming various challenges faced in the teaching and learning process. This research uses a qualitative approach and uses in-depth interviews as the main method of data collection. The research involved 8 Indonesian language lecturers from various countries who taught non-native speakers. Research findings show that the main problem is the complicated Indonesian grammar, which is an obstacle for non-native speakers to understand. In addition, it is very important to modify the teaching methodology to meet the preferences and learning needs of international students. One approach to overcome this problem is to simplify grammar teaching by using practical illustrations. In addition, this research reveals the importance for BIPA teachers to consider the balance between language skills and non-skills material, cross-cultural factors for both students and teachers, student characteristics, students' goals in learning BIPA and selecting learning methods that suit their needs. Target. These features can be enhanced by incorporating active learning methodologies, such as role-playing, into a student-centered teaching style tailored to the specific needs and preferences of international students.

Changing the contents of artistic works as a result of the substitution and blinding of the original meaning of precedent phenomena

The article deal with the problems of perceiving and understanding the contents of artistic works and the reasons for their change. The rea­sons for the transformations of the original values, the influence of such transformations on changing the contents are clarified. The influ­ence of the considerable complexity of language and expressive means used by modern composers on the formation of contents is traced. The influence of the listener's insufficient cultural competence on the perception of complex-language works and changing their con­tents was revealed. For the first time, the role of precedent phenomena in the process of reading and forming the content of works in the pro­cess of their actualization has been consistently investigated. A very important factor in the adequate formation of contents is, in particular, taking into account the values provided by the analysis and under­standing of the precedent situation. This factor, which usually has a socio-cultural nature and is closely tied to specific historical realities, is usually "taken out of parentheses" in the process of perception, which, in our opinion, leads to a significant change in the contents of the perceived object. Erasing the original meanings of precedent names also clearly leads to changes and blurring of the formed con­tents, causing their «modernization». Even more mobile is the result of reading the values of precedent names, which are always closely re­lated to precedent situations. The importance of intertextual and intermedial strategies for changing the contents of read texts is indicated. The importance of the involve­ment of paramusical and cross-cultural factors for the final establish­ment of the configuration of updated contents in the process of per­ception is emphasized. All proposed theoretical formulations presented in the article are based on the results of detailed art and cultural analysis. The descrip­tion and results of one of these basic analyzes are given in the text of the article. This is an examination of the history of the formation of the modern text and the modern content of the well-known folk song of literary origin «How to sit, brothers, near the cup» based on a poem by Osyp Yurii Fedkovych. Peculiarities of reading this artistic text, deter­mined by discursive features and socio-cultural conditions of perfor­mance, are also analyzed.

Affective Contagion Effects in Cross-Cultural Mobile Marketing: Evaluative Conditioning Experiments with Foreign Users

The affective contagion theory is essential in marketing and consumer research. By integrating this perspective with cross-cultural mobile marketing, our study explores the role of valenced emotions aroused by cultural elements within the app and further affective contagion effects, culture affinity as antecedent, and cross-cultural factors that may affect these evaluations. Based on three evaluative conditioning experiments with foreign users in China, we found the valenced emotion aroused by cultural elements in local apps (movie posters, media content, products) triggers a contagion effect on their attitudes toward the app. Moreover, we validate the role of culture affinity in providing ex-ante emotional associations during the appraisal process, the negative impact of language foreignness, and the interaction between app origin and political ideology. Our findings hold practical implications for app developers and marketers, particularly regarding the relationship between emotion and cultural bias in global markets.

Crew Interaction in Extended Space Missions

Detection of the extent of common values in a cohesive space crew has become an important trend in modern space psychology. It is known from the works of Ch. Osgood that the semantic differential scale is a reliable way to obtain objective information on the emotional attitudes towards a topic of interest. Within the frame of the Russian space experiment “Interactions” on the International Space Station (ISS), a computerized survey, the Personal Self-Perception and Attitudes (PSPA), was developed for analyzing the subjects’ emotional attitudes toward their social environment. In the course of the PSPA procedure, the crewmembers rate each other and themselves (in the past, present, and future) using the criteria previously personally chosen. These criteria should be regarded as their personal values. A total of 30 subjects have already completed the study on board the ISS. The main tasks of the study are: (1) to define individual and group values and the extent of group identification reflected in sharing these values; (2) to determine the impact of cross-cultural factors on mutual perceptions and self-perceptions in space crews and with the Mission Control Center (MCC); (3) to study changes in the space crews’ group cohesiveness and structure as they are exposed to the stress of the extended space mission environment. The data obtained indicate an increase in a “psychological distance” between the crew and the MCC personnel versus increased crew cohesion. The results gained made it possible to identify the most significant categories of values common to the subjects from the professional cosmonaut group. The priority of these shared values for each subject is an important condition for the formation of a cohesive crew.

Современные исследования нейрональных основ принятия моральных решений

<p style="text-align: justify;">The article is devoted to a review of modern research on the neuronal foundations of moral decision-making. Psychological approaches to the study of the problem of decision-making and moral choice are analyzed. The data of empirical studies of their temperamental and characterological correlates are presented. The results of neurobiological and neurophysiological studies of worldview and moral assessments, taking into account age and cross-cultural factors, are discussed. Empirical studies of the neurophysiological foundations of decision-making in persons with mental disorders are highlighted. It is concluded that different moral tasks can involve different neural mechanisms. The significance of the results of the detected activity of the brain departments for understanding the neurophysiological and psychophysiological correlates of moral decision-making, and allowing the transition to understanding higher, conscious regulators of behavior, is substantiated. The prospects of comparing the dynamics of the activity of brain structures with the personal profile and the level of subjective stress of a person for the development of prognostic and diagnostic methods for assessing behavior in life-threatening situations are indicated.</p>

Research on Aviation English from a LHUFT (Language as a Human Factor) Perspective

This article is based on a presentation on recent research into Aviation English within a LHUFT perspective conducted in a private university in Brazil. The article describes this perspective to Aviation English and illustrates how it is being used with undergraduate student pilots in the Aeronautical Science Program. Miscommunication episodes in aviation have historically caused accidents, incidents, and near misses and so need to be addressed in a way that encompasses aspects closely associated with language factors, such as technical, procedural, and cultural factors. Linguistic issues are the starting point and can be analyzed in a more thorough manner if considered along with underlying elements that account for a given communicative behavior. The following research topics fit into this proposal: Cross-cultural factors underlying air-ground communications between native and non-native speakers of English; miscommunication issues in the SBPA radiotelephony between the ATCO and foreign pilots and a taxonomy-based classification and analysis of aeronautical accidents considering language as a human factor in aviation. We conclude that a number of challenges can be overcome with improvements in pilot training regarding a wider perspective of aeronautical communication, and that can be done through research. The LHUFT perspective seems to allow for a broader approach to better understand miscommunication episodes and offer tools to be used in training.

The role of supervisor cultural intelligence in the feedback process

IntroductionSupervisors are often asked to coach and mentor employees, and while research on supervisor coaching capability is not new, cross-cultural factors in coaching are understudied. As the workplace becomes more diverse, supervisor cultural intelligence, the capability to function effectively in culturally diverse settings, is becoming more critical.MethodThe current study examined the role of supervisor cultural intelligence in the feedback process through a cross-sectional study with participants from the United States and India.ResultsResults revealed that supervisor cultural intelligence was associated with a more favorable feedback environment, trust in the supervisor, an improved coaching relationship between the supervisor and subordinate, and greater subordinate feedback seeking frequency. Cultural tightness – looseness was a moderator, such that there was a stronger relationship between supervisor cultural intelligence and the feedback environment in cultures perceived to be looser (higher tolerance for deviation from social norms and deviation less rigorously enforced in general) compared to cultures perceived to be tighter (low tolerance for deviations from social norms and deviation more rigorously enforced).DiscussionResults suggest that cultural intelligence can facilitate supervisors in developing a constructive feedback environment that fosters trust and meaningful coaching relationships, especially in cultures that are perceived to be looser where there is potentially more behavioral flexibility.ConclusionSupervisors can leverage cultural intelligence to better foster a quality feedback environment and navigate coaching relationships with diverse employees.

“We are competing with culture” the chasm between healthcare professionals and Australian Samoan women in the prevention and management of gestational diabetes mellitus

Objective: The Samoan community has a disproportionately higher incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). We explored consumer and healthcare providers’ insight into perceptions of risk, attitudes to lifestyle behaviour change and experiences of GDM among Australian Samoan women in South Western Sydney. Methods: Semi-structured interviews and a focus group with Samoan women recruited through three churches, a diabetes and pregnancy clinic in South Western Sydney and via social media were conducted. Semi-structured interviews with healthcare providers’ were also conducted. Main themes were thematically analysed to identify recurring patterns using Quirkos software. Identified themes were framed against the constructs of the Health Belief Model. Results: One focus group (n=4) and 12 one-to one interviews were conducted among Samoan women. Eighteen semi-structured interviews with healthcare providers’ were also conducted. There was a high concordance between Samoan women and healthcare providers’ regarding perception of risk and barriers to maintaining a healthy lifestyle. However, Samoan women reported negative interactions with healthcare providers’ that hindered their behaviour change, while healthcare providers’ reported that normalisation of diabetes, confusion of GDM with type 2 diabetes and spiritual health beliefs were deterrents to behaviour change among Samoan women. Conclusion: Cross-cultural factors can influence the uptake of a healthy lifestyle. Future research should consider use of culturally tailored strategies when developing educational resources targeting Samoan women. Implications for research, policy and practice: The participants’ viewpoints expressed in this study suggest a critical need for the development of culturally-tailored health promotion strategies for Samoan women and cultural training for healthcare providers’, to improve GDM care and subsequent pregnancy outcomes.

Promising Happiness in Light of International Advertising Standardization: Religiosity and Religious Priming Overshadow Cross-Cultural Factors

Advertising campaigns that explicitly claim that the advertised product can bring happiness to the consumer's life are often standardized across national markets. While it seems intuitive that most people want to be happy and might respond favorably to calls for happiness, the literature offers little to no evidence to support this common managerial practice. Through two studies conducted in cultural settings as different as the United Arab Emirates and the United States, this research shows that cross-cultural factors matter less than personal and situational factors such as religiosity and religious priming, respectively. Specifically, the author found that lower (higher) religiosity levels led to worse (better) ratings for happiness-based (vs. control) claims. Moreover, exposure to religious cues flipped the relationship between higher religiosity levels and liking for ads featuring happiness-based claims because of altered perceptions of the brand's control over the claim. This research sheds light on the interactive role of religiosity and religious priming on consumer response to standardized secular advertising.

Self-representation through Online Avatars in Major Online Contexts Among Chinese University Students

The feature of applying avatars is prevalent across different types of online activities. Avatar creation has inevitably become an important research topic due to its use in representing different identities, facilitating digital communication, and investigating body image problems. It has been studied that the standard and the idealization of avatar creation can differ across contexts. Besides, the research tools involved such as the Big Five Inventory and the research hypotheses around demographical characteristics strike the importance of cross-cultural factors. However, few studies of avatar creations have been conducted based on the Chinese population or referring to Chinese online platforms. Hence, the author addresses this research gap by examining (1) the self-representation and idealization of physical, demographical, and personality attributes through avatar creation, (2) differences in this self-representation and idealization across major online Chinese contexts, (3) the relationship between the idealization of avatars and body image attitudes among Chinese university students. The author analyzed data from 92 university students and found different levels of self-representation through avatars in the physical and demographic attributes. Moreover, a tendency for university students to idealize themselves through online avatars for both physical attributes and personality traits was observed. Furthermore, this self-representation and idealization mostly did not differ across contexts as previous studies concluded. Overall, this study reflects values in exploring avatar creation strategies across different cultures, providing pilot information and insights for further studies focusing on self-representation, avatar creation, and body images in virtual environments.

The criteria of Chinese and South Koreans’ mate selection: A comparative study of long-term and short-term mate selection preferences in the cross-cultural perspective

Sexual selection has become an important research topic in behavioral ecology, human behavior, and evolution. The study of mate selection preferences across cultures and countries has gradually received increasing attention. The present study was aimed to reveal the differences of long-term and short-term mate selection preferences between young people in Chinese and South Korean. An questionnaire survey method was followed to obtain the aim of the study, and a total of 273 Chinese (M = 22.07, SD = 1.75) and 181 Koreans (M = 21.75, SD = 2.05) unmarried university students were chosen to participate the study. We summarized the important core factors of individual mate preferences and revealed the long-term and short-term mate preferences of young men and women in both countries through quantitative analysis. The results indicated that education played a crucial role in the long-term mate selection for both Chinese males and females. Contrastingly, Koreans valued friendliness and easygoingness in long-term mate value and liveliness in short-term mate value. There were differences found in mate preference by gender between Chinese and Koreans, influenced by cross-cultural factors. These findings strongly supported cultural differences in mate selection and provided practical suggestions for future cross-cultural mate selection research.

A Brief Analysis of Cross-Cultural Factors Affecting Sino-US Business Negotiations

China's market opening has deepened as a result of reform, opening up, and the operation of a market economy, and bilateral interactions have gradually increased. Successful cross-cultural business negotiations can enable companies to better participate in economic competition and cooperation between companies internationally and promote the burgeoning of international trade in their own countries. Cross-cultural business negotiations are becoming more and more important between nations. However, cultural differences are often a major factor in the failure of Chinese and Western business negotiations. Therefore, it is important to clarify the cross-cultural factors that influence business negotiations and the strategies to deal with them. The paper aims to analyze how cultural differences between China and the United States affect cross-border business talks and to pinpoint practical coping mechanisms. The paper summarizes the cross-cultural factors that generally affect Chinese and American business negotiations from the literature on international business negotiations and cross-cultural communication.

Analyzing the Use of Artificial Intelligence and MachineLearning in Customer Support Systems

In order to identify areas that need further research, this study will analyze how machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) technologies are applied in various customer services. This is done by using a systematic review of literature procedure to examine publications on the application of AI and ML in customer service that have been posted on various academic websites. Numerous AI and ML approaches may be applied by businesses to improve customer support and assistance. The use of self-service technologies, integrated product-service offers, service excellence, and word-of-mouth marketing are some of these techniques. The study’s conclusion addresses the customer service knowledge gaps that it identified when reviewing the literature. The information provided by the current study on how Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) technologies may be applied or properly used to improve customer service or may be fruitful to businesses. The findings of the study will provide theoretical and practical implication of AI and ML in customer support system to develop more effective and efficient strategies to the users and policy makers. Ultimately the findings of the study will help increase the degree of satisfaction of customer. Longitudinal studies should assess AI and ML’s long-term impact on customer support systems, balancing human-AI collaboration, developing transparent models, considering cross-cultural factors, and adopting a human-centric design approach.

Analysis of the Influence of Cross-Cultural Factors on English-Chinese Translation

Language is a tool that humans use to communicate with each other. In general, there are large differences between language forms in different countries. As a common language all over the world, English has been widely used in various cross-cultural international communication activities. In recent years, the exchanges between China and developed countries have become more and more frequent. At the same time, Chinese-English translation and English-Chinese translation are particularly important. Because there are great differences in cultural factors in different countries, there will naturally be some differences in their English translations and literal meanings. In response to this, the article analyzes the influence of cross-cultural factors on English-Chinese translation by comparing the history and culture of the East and the West, and explores what principles should be followed in cross-cultural translation.

Cross-cultural factors influencing the adoption of virtual reality for practical learning.

Education is one area that was significantly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic with much of the education being transferred online. Many subjects that require hands-on experimental experience suffer when taught online. Education is also one area that many believe can benefit from the advances in virtual reality (VR) technology, particularly for remote, online learning. Furthermore, because the technology shows overall good results with hands-on experiential learning education, one possible way to overcome online education barriers is with the use of VR applications. Given that VR has yet to make significant inroads in education, it is essential to understand what factors will influence this technology's adoption and acceptance. In this work, we explore factors influencing the adoption of VR for hands-on practical learning around the world based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology and three additional constructs. We also performed a cross-cultural analysis to examine the model fit for developed and developing countries and regions. Moreover, through open-ended questions, we gauge the overall feeling people in these countries have regarding VR for practical learning and how it compares with regular online learning.

A Comparative Cross-cultural Investigation of Feline Proverbs in English and Malay Languages: From the Perspective of GCM Theory

This study aims at analysing the disparity of the feline representations with the search for their cross-cultural differences between English and Malay feline proverbs. It is an attempt to scrutinize the influence of distinctive cultural backgrounds behind the inauguration of feline representations in the proverbs. The Great Chain of Metaphor Theory (GCM) framework by Lakoff and Turner (1989) is utilised in the process to achieve the purposes of this study, with a focus on the four components, namely the Naïve Theory of the Nature in Things, the Great Chain of Being, the Generic is Specific Metaphor, and the Maxim of Quantity; to explore the differences based on the cross-cultural factors in the proverbs. The findings from this study indicate that customs, religion, and the core values of the particular cultural background, with the touch of favouritism, existence in the surroundings, and the top position of the feline animals, are the factors that influenced the different representations generated within the cultural notions. This study helps to fill the gaps of past research on the comparison and contrast analysis of proverbs between different languages, particularly the English and Malay languages, besides adding new insights on the cross-cultural aspects, which would be beneficial for language learners, primarily foreign learners, to enhance their cultural knowledge.

Examining the role of cross-cultural factors in the international market on customer engagement and purchase intention

Customer engagement (CE) refers to an organization's effort to develop relationships with individual customers through personalized interactions using multiple available channels. The goal of such CE is to gain new customer and to retain loyal customers. In the last decade there have been many studies on CE, particularly in the domestic or local market context, which lack generalizability. Also, there is only limited research on CE in the international market context focusing on the cross-cultural aspects of customers. Thus, there is clearly a research gap. Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine the role of cross-cultural factors in the international market on CE and their influence on customer purchase intention. After reviewing existing theories and literature, a conceptual model was developed. Later, the model was validated using structural equation modeling with a sample of 432 customers of different countries in Asia and Europe. The study found that there is a significant impact of cross-cultural factors in the international market on customer engagement, which in turn impacts customers' purchase intention in the international market. This study also proposes and examines a rival model to determine the efficiency of the proposed model.

Influence of Cross-Cultural Factors about Sexism, Perception of Severity, Victimization, and Gender Violence in Adolescent Dating Relationships.

The phenomenon of adolescent dating violence directed towards women is a widespread social health problem all over the world. Various investigations over time have analysed and studied this problem from different perspectives, taking into account both the aggressors and the victims. However, apart from these perspectives there are other approaches that have been less explored. This study analyses the phenomenon from a cultural point of view. It looks at the way in which variables such as hostile sexism, benevolent sexism, and the perception of severity attributed to violent behaviour perpetrated by the aggressor can differ depending on the country of origin of a group of victimized adolescent women, specifically, from Spain and Ecuador. The data analysis, based on the construction of a moderated mediation model, revealed that while hostile sexism seems to be linked to a greater extent with traditional cultures, benevolent sexism is highly relevant in today’s society, and modifies the severity that young female victims attribute to violent behaviour and ultimately affects the frequency of victimization. These results revealed the importance of culture and the way in which violence is perceived in different countries as an essential aspect that must be taken into account to guide the construction of effective prevention programs adapted to the specific target groups of adolescents.

Rethinking technological acceptance in the age of emotional AI: Surveying Gen Z (Zoomer) attitudes toward non-conscious data collection

This paper examines technological acceptance for automated emotion-sensing devices and non-conscious data collection (NCDC). We argue that conventional 20th century scholarship of human-machine relations is ill-equipped in the age of intelligent machines that sense, monitor, and tracks human sentiment, emotion, and feeling. We conduct a regression analysis on a dataset of 1015 Generation Z student respondents (age 18–27) from 48 countries and 8 regions worldwide using the Bayesian Hamiltonian Monte Carlo approach. The empirical results highlight the significance of sociocultural factors that influence technological acceptance by this specific generational demographic. Our findings also demonstrate the advantage but also the inherent limitation of traditional theories such as Davis's “Technological Acceptance Model” in accounting for of cross-cultural factors such as religions and regions, given the transfer of new technologies across borders. Moreover, our findings highlight important governance and design implications that need to be addressed to ensure that emotional AI systems and devices serve the best interests of individuals and societies.