Crossbite Research Articles

Angle CI: III Malocclusion, Sever Anterior Crowding and Open Bite, with Posterior Cross Bite and Open Bite Bilaterally

Angle CI: III Malocclusion, Sever Anterior Crowding and Open Bite, with Posterior Cross Bite and Open Bite Bilaterally

Orthodontic approach to treatment of skeletal mandibular asymmetry: A case report

The patient, a 23 year-old man, presented with a dental Class III malocclusion left subdivision, evident facial asymmetry, lower midline shift, mild contraction of the maxillary arch and an anterior cross bite. There was no history of trauma in the face and jaw or TMJ disorder. The patient was successfully treated by orthodontic approach without performing orthognathic surgery. Pretreatment and post treatment records are presented and discussed.

English

English

Anatomical abnormalities in multiple permanent teeth.

Anatomical abnormalities in multiple permanent teeth.

An Enriched Audio Steganography for Secret Message Communication Using Novel Embedding Technique

In the last few years the infrastructure for distribution of digital media has grown rapidly. The distribution of such digital media provides an excellent opportunity for transmission of hidden information. Recently, digital steganography has received considerable interest and is used to hide information in carriers such as digital audio, images or video so that only the intended recipient is capable of retrieving the hidden information. This paper proposes a Novel Embedding technique Cross Bit Manipulation Algorithm (CBMA) which embeds the encrypted text file into an Audio file. Here the key of secret message is encrypted using Linear Subsequence Algorithm (LSA) and then embeds it to the Audio file using CBMA.

Occlusal Features of 12 Years Old Malaysian Malay Schoolchildren in Shah Alam

Objectives: To assess the occlusal features, tongue habits, lip competence and their gender dimorphism in 12 years old Malaysian Malay school-children. Materials and methods: The method involved clinical examination of 208 subjects from public schools in Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Occlusal status was assessed according to Angle classification. The following features were also assessed and recorded: overjet, overbite, traumatic overbite, crowding, spacing, midline diastema, cross bite, scissors bite, dental midline shifts, canine displacement, missing teeth, traumatically fractured teeth, tongue thrust and lip competence. Descriptive statistics were used for all measurements; Chi-square was used to assess gender differences. Results: Class I malocclusion is most prevalent in boys and girls (44.0% and 43.8% respectively), followed by Class III malocclusion (31% in boys and 30.4% in girls). Anterior crowding was found in 69.7% of the sample while anterior spacing was found in 30.8%. Incompetent lips were more common in boys than girls. Conclusions: The prevalence of malocclusion in this age group may warrant the need for more preventive and interceptive measures in dental and oral health planning.

Management of a mutilated orthodontic case through a multidisciplinary approach- a case report

A female patient aged 35 years reported with mutilated occlusion with mid line shift, aggravation of skeletal Cl II with posterior cross bite on patient's right side. This was a case of Skeletal Class II Div 1 malocclusion which had been treated previously by other operator with extraction of all 1st premolars except in upper right quadrant. Multidisciplinary approach was taken to resolve all the problems as follows: mid line shift & cross bite were corrected by the orthodontist with application of “FORSUS: Fatigue Resistant Device”, the odontome was eliminated by the oral surgeon, reconstruction of a premolar crown was done by the specialist in esthetic conservative dentistry & gingival grafting on a canine was done by the Periodontist. The objective of this presentation is to demonstrate the satisfactory outcome of the multidisciplinary approach in a mutiliated occlusion.1,2

Analysis of Association between Posterior Crossbite, Median Line Deviation and Facial Asymmetry

La asimetria facial es una caracteristica humana comun que puede ocurrir en diferentes niveles, originarse por factores geneticos, ser causada por traumas o mordida cruzada como resultado o discapacidad muscular. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la relacion entre la mordida cruzada posterior, desviacion de la linea mediana y asimetria facial. Fueron evaluados 70 ninos entre 3 y 10 anos de edad mediante examen clinico y fotografico. Utilizando Microsoft Power Point Office 2007, se dibujaron lineas horizontales y una linea vertical en la linea mediana, para analizar subjetivamente las diferencias faciales. En relacion con el resalte, la mayoria de los ninos (78,6%) mostro relacion normal, seguido por un resalte aumentado (17,1%) y mordida cruzada anterior (4,3%). En relacion con la sobremordida, la mayoria de los ninos (60%) mostro relacion normal, 27,1% una mordida abierta anterior (sobremordida negativa) y 12,9% mostro una sobremordida aumentada. La mordida cruzada posterior estuvo presente en 27,1% de los ninos. Entre ellos, el 68,4% presentaba mordida cruzada unilateral del lado derecho, 21,1% mordida cruzada bilateral y el 10,5% mordida cruzada unilateral en el lado izquierdo. No hubo asociacion estadisticamente significativa entre la mordida cruzada posterior y asimetria facial segun la prueba exacta de Fisher (p=0,0970). En relacion a la linea mediana, se observo una asociacion estadisticamente significativa entre mordida cruzada posterior (p = 0,0109) y asimetria facial (p=0,0310). Existe asociacion entre la mordida cruzada posterior y la desviacion de linea mediana. No hubo asociacion entre la mordida cruzada posterior y asimetria facial.

Change of masticatory movement in cleft lip and palate patients with anterior crossbite before and after maxillary protraction

To quantitatively measure the masticatory movement and to investigate the change of stomatognathic function in patients with cleft lip and palate. Fifteen patients with complete cleft lip and palate were selected.Electromyography of bilateral anterior temporalis and masseter was measured and mandibular movement was examined during masticatory movement before and after maxillary protraction. After treatment, the activity of masticatory muscles in the functional side was increased significantly.In the unilateral mastication side (left) and the right side, the activities of anterior temporalis increased from 45.57 (26.75, 67.84) mV to 80.24 (72.31, 91.36) mV and from 45.25 (37.34, 57.42) mV to 73.56 (59.63, 94.80) mV, respectively.In the unilateral mastication side (left)and the right side, the activities of masseter increased from 62.37 (45.76, 72.45) mV to 90.35 (78.94, 110.45) mV and from 67.53 (59.65, 80.53) mV to 87.97 (72.35, 99.79) mV, respectively.No significant increment in the balance side was found during masticatory movement. The masticatory trajectory was not changed significantly. The width of lateral and vertical scale of right side mastication increased significantly (P < 0.05). After the treatment, the activity of masticatory muscles increased significantly, and the width of lateral and vertical scale of right side mastication increased significantly.

Sarcoglycan sub-complex and Satellite cells in masseter muscle of crossbite patients

Crossbite is a lateral misalignment of the dental arches. Subjects with unilateral posterior crossbite exhibit different kinematics of the mandible during mastication when chewing on the affected side, resulting in an increased frequency of reverse chewing cycles; moreover, the masseter of the affected side results less active than the counterpart (Piancino et al., 2006). An our immunofluorescence study on masseter muscle of crossbite patients has shown that in the affected side there is a lower expression of muscle specific integrins than the counterpart (Cutroneo et al., 2012). So, we hypothesized that integrins could be correlated with contraction activity in mastication, maybe promoting the production of new muscle fibers. Another our tractography study on crossbite patients has shown an increment of muscle fibers number in non affected side. On this basis in the present work we investigated the number of satellite cells in masseter muscle of crossbite patients, both in affected and non affected side. Since the existence of a bidirectional signaling between integrins and sarcoglycans we have also investigated the expression of the sarcoglycan subcomplex. Results show that the number of satellite cells in non affected side is higher than affected side. Moreover, in according with our previous results about integrins, even the sarcoglycan sub-complex show to be less expressed in the affected side than the counterpart. These data support that in non affected masseter muscle a new fibers production activity takes place which, in turns, determines a muscular hyperplasia. Based on our results, the myogenesis in masseter muscle could be regulated by sarcoglycan and integrin protein systems.

Diagnosis and Referral of Orthodontic Cases: An Institutional Survey among Dental Graduates

ABSTRACT General dentists play an important role in intercepting the progression of malocclusion. The right stage of referral to specialist orthodontist is considered key to the success of orthodontic treatment. The objective of this study was to assess the preparedness of fresh dental graduates in dealing with orthodontic patients in general dental practice. A total of 80 general dentists who had recently completed the BDS program formed the study group. They were asked to respond to a self-administered questionnaire consisting of case scenarios to evaluate their knowledge of Angles classification, occlusal characteristics, the ideal stage of treatment and need for referral to specialist orthodontist. The response rate was 75% (n = 60). 87% (n = 52) correctly identified the Angles Classification of the presented cases. 87% (n = 52) and 100% (n = 60) correctly identified overbite and over-jet cases. Cross bite and deviated midline was correctly identified by 68% (n = 41) and 65% (n = 39) of the respondents respectively while 93% (n = 56) diagnosed median diastema correctly. Almost all the respondents (97%) identified the cases which have to be referred to the orthodontist while, more than half (55%) did not know the ideal time to initiate orthodontic treatment. The graduates recognized their limits of personal competence and successfully identified the cases that need to be referred to the orthodontist. Proper emphasis should be placed on the ‘the ideal time of referral and initiation of treatment’ during undergraduate orthodontic training. How to cite this article AlShahrani I. Diagnosis and Referral of Orthodontic Cases: An Institutional Survey among Dental Graduates. World J Dent 2014;5(1):33-36.

Full mouth rehabilitation in a patient with loss of vertical dimension caused by severe tooth loss: a case report

Decrease of occlusal vertical dimension (OVD) due to loss of teeth structure and destruction of the occlusal plane by severely worn dentition may cause cross bite or temporomandibular joint disorder by following change of facial feature or the loss of anterior guidance. Full mouth rehabilitation via an increase of the OVD can be considered to avoid this problem and proper evaluation of patient's OVD is essential. An 80 year old male visited for overall prosthodontic treatment, cross bite due to continuous wear and following decrease of the OVD were observed. We analyzed the existing occlusal relationship using the diagnostic cast, the radiographic evaluation and clinical test, and then proper increase of OVD was selected. The new OVD on diagnostic wax up was placed by the temporary restoration. After 3 months of observation period, final restoration with fixed partial dentures and implant overdenture were made. Throughout the follow-up period of 8 months, the aesthetic and functional improvement can be obtained. (J Korean Acad Prosthodont 2014;52:42-7)

Prevalence of malocclusion and need for early orthodontic treatment in children.

With the advent of functional appliances and orthopedic appliances the elimination and correction of skeletal and dental discrepancies has been much reduced. Most orthodontists agree that elimination of oral habits and orthopaedic treatment of class 3 malocclusion and posterior cross bites deserve treatment at an early age. Early treatment was proposed along the lines of "catch them in the young", and "you see it, you treat it" is the main ideology of Early Orthodonticc Treatment (EOT). Furthermore, the majority of children have habits driving the malocclusion. Mouth breathing, tongue thrusting and incorrect swallowing patterns are all known causes of malocclusion and poor facial growth. To evaluate the prevalence of dental feature that might result in malocclusion and need for early orthodontic treatment. Groups of 532 school going children were selected and complete case history was taken and were categorized based on the type of malocclusions, dental features that can predetermine need for early orthodontic treatment. Statistical analysis used. The results shows the increase in prevalence of malocclusion and the dental features that gives clues for an orthodontist to frame up his treatment modalities not just for corrective orthodontics but for also preventive and interceptive orthodontics. Angle's Class I malocclusion is most commonly seen malocclusion followed by class II division 1 malocclusion followed by Angles class II division 2 malocclusion. In angle's class I malocclusion, incidence of crowding is more followed by proclination of anterior teeth. There is no significant difference between incidence of malocclusion in males and females. The children who needed immediate orthodontic care were more than the children who doesn't need an orthodontic treatment. Need for increase of awareness programs is required in order to educate the people about the early orthodontic treatment.

Treatment of midline shift by asymmetric premaxillary distraction: a case report

Premaxillary distraction osteogenesis is a new method used to correct mild mid-face deficiency. In the presented case asymmetric application of this technique is used. A patient with upper midline shifting 3mm to the left side, Class I molar relationship, and slight anterior cross bite was referred to our clinic for orthodontic treatment. Retrusion of the upper incisors and midline shifting created a space deficiency at the left side of the maxillary arch and the left canine was positioned at vestibule, over the lateral incisor and first premolar teeth. Premaxillary segment was distracted asymmetrically by a tooth-born metal casting distractor designed in our clinic. At the end of treatment midline shift, anterior cross bite, and concave profile were corrected. Additionally, the required space for the alignment of the left canine was gained by the increase of the maxillary arch perimeter.

Double inverted mesiodentes: Report of an unusual case

This report presents an extremely rare occurrence of two inverted impacted mesiodentes in a 16-year-old child patient. Extraction of both mesiodentes was indicated, owing to the abnormal diastema, rotation and impaction of teeth. Anterior cross bite as well as slightly concave profile was associated features in the child who presented with skeletal Class I relationship of the jaws. Development of these abnormalities would have been prevented if the impacted mesiodentes had been diagnosed and extracted early.

Correction of unilateral posterior cross bite in primary dentition by slow dentoalveolar expansion. - A case report.

The incidence of posterior crossbite in the primary dentition has been reported as 8-22%. The crossbite usually results from bilateral maxillary constriction and is commonly associated with an occlusion guided lateral deviation of the mandible upon closing. Correction of the posteriorcross bite in the primary dentition is indicated to establish a stable occlusion and avoid possible deleterious effects on the developing temporomandibular joint and Treatment in the primary dentition results in the eruption of the first permanent molars in normal transverse relationship in 84% of the cases. The aim of the present case report shows the management of unilateral posteriorcross bite by slow dentoalveolar expansion as the duration of the treatment was shorter than those in cases with mixed dentition and permanent dentition and also, methods of treatment were simpler, and the patients developed favourably.

Facemask and Reverse Twin Block for Correction of a Skeletal Class III with Anterior Cross Bite

The skeletal Class III malocclusion though comparatively small in incidence is one of the most difficult malocclusion to treat. It can be due to maxillary retrognathism, mandibular prognathism or both. Reverse pull Headgear or Face Mask have been used for early maxillary protraction. Face mask therapy has been shown to improve the skeletal relationship. The article presents a case report of the skeletal class III treated using a Face mask and Reverse Twin block appliance.

Cross-bite and oral health related quality of life in young people

ObjectivesThis study sought to assess the impact of posterior cross-bite on OHRQoL in young people aged 15–25 and to determine whether the impact on higher domains of Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (physical disability, psychological disability, social disability and handicap) is a direct function of the cross-bite or mediated through the lower domains of OHIP-14 (functional limitation, pain and discomfort). MethodsOne hundred and forty-five young adults [72 cross-bite cases and 73 controls] aged 15–25 years, attending orthodontic clinics at the Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA participated in this study. Participants completed the OHIP-14 and had a clinical examination for cross-bite. Data analyses included descriptive statistics, t-test and bivariate and multivariate regression modelling. ResultsThere was no significant difference between the case and control groups in gender, age and education level. The mean scores (±SD) for OHIP-14 total and all domains were significantly higher in cross-bite patients as compared to controls. The bivariate and multivariate regression analyses showed functional limitation was significantly associated with all the higher domains in all four models, whereas pain was only significantly associated with the psychological domain and discomfort was only significantly associated with the physical disability domain. ConclusionThe possession of a posterior cross bite has a significant association with OHRQoL especially on the functional limitation and psychological disability domains, among 15–25 years old young people. The relationship of cross-bite and lower domains of OHIP-14 with higher domains of OHIP-14 was in agreement with the relationships proposed by Locker's conceptual model of oral health. Clinical significancePatients with a cross bite were more limited in their oral functions and experienced greater psychological discomfort than did controls. It is possible that part of patients’ rationale for seeking treatment would be to alleviate such impacts on their oral health related quality of life.

Clinical effect of myofunctional trainers on malocclusion in primary and mixed dention

Objective To clarify the effect of myofunctional treatment on primary and mixed dentition malocclusion.Methods Twenty-seven children were selected,3 were in primary dentition among which 2 showed deep overbite.24 were in mixed dentition and presented crowding in anterior area among which 4 children combined with anterior crossbite,2 showed deep overbite and deep overjet.All the patients were treated with myofunctional trainer such as INFANT,T4K or I2N appliances according to their age and malocclusion type.The patients were instructed to wear the trainers for at least one hour a day keeping their lips together or overnight while sleeping.Muscle exercises were done when wearing the trainer during daytime.Results After 6-10 months,24 patients who were in good compliance had their teeth aligned,deep overjet and deep overbite corrected,and facial profile improved.Conclusions Myofunctional treatment is effective on primary and mixed dentition malocclusion.It is important to have patients' good compliance. Key words: Myofunctional treatment; Malocclusion; Primary dentition; Mixed dentition

An Analysis of Malocclusion and Occlusal Characteristics in Nepalese Orthodontic Patients

Objective: To analyze the prevalence of malocclusion and occlusal characteristics in referred Nepalese orthodontic patients with respect to age, gender, Angle’s classification. Materials &amp; Method: Study models of 464 orthodontic patients (165 male and 299 female) of the age ranging from 11 to 30 years were studied to evaluate the prevalence of malocclusion using Angle’s classification and occlusal characteristics of overjet, overbite, open bite, cross bite, displacement, and hypodontia according to the method of Dental Health Component of Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need. The association between DHC grades and Angle’s classification and gender were assessed using chi-square test (p &lt; 0.01). Result: The malocclusion status among the Nepalese seeking orthodontic treatment was 54.7% Class I, 36.9% Class II, and 8.4% Class III. The occurrence of occlusal discrepancies were overjet in 43.8%, increased overbite in 20.7%, open bite in 8.2%, cross bite in 23.3%, displacement in 65.7% and hypodontia in 11.3%. Conclusion: 16.2 % required no/little treatment need, 20.4% required borderline treatment need, and 63.4 % required great/severe treatment need according to DHC scale. There was statistically significant association between DHC grades and distribution of malocclusion and gender of the Nepalese subjects. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ojn.v3i1.9272 Orthodontic Journal of Nepal, Vol.3, No.1, 2013: 19-25