Crops Research Research Articles

Analysis of Genetic Diversity in Greengram (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek)

The current study titled “Analysis of genetic diversity in green gram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]” was carried out at Center for Crop Research (C.R.C.), Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture & Technology, Meerut. A set of twenty five mungbean genotypes were examined to investigate the essence and extend of divergence of genes using Mahalanobis’s D2 Statistics on twelve critical quantitative attributes. The study material was assessed using Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replication plots of two rows of 4 meter length. Out of every replication, five plants were selected at random, marked, and observations were recorded for twelve quantitative attributes. Analysis of variance showed that there was significant variation among all characters examined. The twenty-five genotypes of mungbean have been split into seven distinct clusters. With seven genotypes apiece, Cluster I and Cluster IV were determined to be the largest. The intra cluster distance was maximum for Cluster IV. The maximum inter cluster distance between cluster V and cluster II suggests that the genotypes in these clusters doesn't correlate with one another and the minimal inter-cluster distance between cluster V and cluster IV demonstrates a high degree of connection between the genotypes in these clusters. Based on high inter cluster distances, hybridization programme could be taken up between the varieties of cluster II (Pusa Vaishali, IPM-02-19, IPM 02-19, OMG-1045, VBG-04-008) and cluster V (Pusa-0871, Pusa-0891, SMM-15-72, PDM-262).Hence, these nine genotypes are recognized as promising progenitors and can be employed in further breeding programme. Plant height, number of branches/plants, number of pods/plant, number of pods/clusters, pod length, biological yield, harvest index and seed yield per plant are vital for genetic diversity and were recognized as significant contributors to genetic divergence.

Study on Correlation and Path Analysis in Forage Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench

This investigation is conducted to determine character association and path coefficient analysis using 35 genotypes of forage sorghum at the Crop Research Centre of the Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology in Meerut. In Kharif 2022, testing of all 35 genotypes of forage sorghum was conducted using a randomized block design with three replications. Observations were recorded for days to 50% flowering, plant height (cm), leaf breadth (cm), leaf length (cm), number of leaves per plant, total soluble solids (%), leaf area (cm2), stem girth (mm), leaf stem ratio and green fodder yield per plant (g). Correlation coefficient studies indicated that green fodder yield per plant was found highly significant positive association with leaf breadth, stem girth, leaf area, leaf length, number of leaves per plant, plant height and leaf stem ratio at both genotypic and phenotypic level, indicated that selection of these attributes may be helpful to increase fodder yield in sorghum. The results of genotypic and phenotypic path analysis indicated that stem girth had a strong positive direct effect on green fodder yield per plant, followed by leaf breadth and number of leaves per plant at both genotypic and phenotypic levels. Improving these attributes can increase fodder yield. The character showing indirect effect like Leaf breadth, leaf length, leaf area, and leaf stem ratio via another component trait, indirect selection through such trait can lead to improvement in green fodder yield.

Validation of sorghum quality control (QC) markers across African breeding lines.

Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is a cereal crop of critical importance in the semi-arid tropics, particularly in Africa where it is second only to maize (Zea mays L.) by area of cultivation. The International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics sorghum breeding program for Eastern and Southern Africa is the largest in the region and develops improved varieties for target agro-ecologies. Varietal purity and correct confirmation of new crosses are essential for the integrity and efficiency of a breeding program. We used 49 quality control (QC) kompetitive allele-specific PCR single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers to genotype 716 breeding lines. Note that 46 SNPs were polymorphic with the top 10 most informative revealing polymorphism information content (PIC), minor allele frequency (MAF), and observed heterozygosity (Ho ) of 0.37, 0.43, and 0.02, respectively, and explaining 45% of genetic variance within the first two principal components (PC). Thirty-nine markers were highly informative across 16 Burkina Faso breeding lines, out of which the top 10 revealed average PIC, MAF, and Ho of 0.36, 0.39, and 0.05, respectively. Discriminant analysis of principal components done using top 30 markers separated the breeding lines into five major clusters, three of which were distinct. Six of the top 10 most informative markers successfully confirmed hybridization of crosses between genotypes IESV240, KARIMTAMA1, F6YQ212, and FRAMIDA. A set of 10, 20, and 30 most informative markers are recommended for routine QC applications. Future effort should focus on the deployment of these markers in breeding programs for enhanced genetic gain.

Influence of Zinc and Boron on Growth and Yield of Rice

A field experiment was conducted during Kharif 2022 at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, SHUATS, Prayagraj (U.P). The treatments consist of three levels of zinc and three levels of boron and one control was used. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with ten treatments each replicated thrice. The results showed that growth parameters viz., plant height (116.77 cm), number of tillers per hill (31.13), dry weight (106.07 g/hill) and yield attributes viz., number of effective tillers per hill (9.53), number of filled grains per panicle (129.33), test weight (15.87 g), grain yield (5.57 t/ha) straw yield (8.77 t/ha) and harvest index (38.44 %) were recorded significantly higher with the application of zinc 15 kg/ha along with boron 6 kg/ha. Maximum gross returns (155166.77 INR/ha), Net returns (102889.22 INR/ha) and benefit cost ratio (1.97) were also recorded in treatment-9.

Deciphering Genetic Diversity in Advanced Wheat Lines (Triticum aestivum L.) for Yield and Other Yield Contributing Traits Across the Locations

Twenty advanced wheat genotypes were evaluated for yield and yield-contributing traits in six field trials over two cropping seasons (Rabi 2020-21 and 2021-22) using a completely randomized block design (RBD) at two locations: the N.E. Borlaug Crop Research Centre (NEBCRC), G.B.P.U.A&T, Pantnagar, U.S. Nagar district, and the Agriculture Research Center Majhera, Nainital, Uttarakhand. The study aimed to assess genetic diversity among the genotypes via principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis, offering insights into genetic variations. Three clusters were formed, with the maximum number of genotypes occurring in the second cluster. A lower p-value indicates that the clusters are statistically significant, suggesting that the observed diversity is not random. High estimates of cophenetic distance (.79) specify a high genetic distance between clusters, indicating that diverse genetic material is under study. The maximum genetic distance observed was 144.9 between genotypes G5 and G11. These findings suggest that these two genotypes are the most genetically diverse among all the studied genotypes and can be used as parents to develop high genetic variation in the studied traits. The PCA results yielded 18 principal components, with the first seven components accounting for approximately 83% of the total variance, indicating significant genetic diversity. The scree plot affirmed the robustness of the study’s results by suggesting that the first eight principal components accounted for a substantial portion of the variance.The findings of current study could be exploited in planning and execution of future breeding programme in wheat.

Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on Productivity and Quality of Rice

The present field experiment was conducted at crop research farm Nawabganj of C.S. Azad University of Agriculture and Technology Kanpur, under the Central Plain zone of Uttar Pradesh, during Kharif season of 2018. The experiment comprised of 9 treatment combinations in randomized block design with three replications consisted of T1: Control, T2: 100 % RDF(120:60:60), T3: 75 % RDF + 25 % N as FYM, T4: 75 % RDF + 25 % N as CWC, T5: 75 % RDF + 25 % N as PM, T6: 75 % RDF + 25 % N as FYM + CWC, T7: 75 % RDF + 25 % N as CWC+ PM, T8: 75 % RDF + 25 % N as FYM + PM, T9: 75 % RDF + 25 % N as FYM + PM + CWC. On the basis of the results emanated from present investigation, it could be concluded that application of 75 % RDF + 25 % N as FYM + PM + CWC applied in rice to significantly increases yield attributes, yield and protein content. Results showed that maximum among the different fertility levels, application of T7 [75 % RDF + 25 % N as CWC + PM] significantly enhanced productivity parameters i.e. grain yield and straw yield over the control.

Combining ability of yellow maize (Zea mays) inbred lines for yield and agronomic traits

Present study was carried out during 2021 and 2022 at Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, Giza, Egypt to estimate combining ability effects of newly developed 8 yellow maize (Zea nays L.) inbred lines using diallel cross fashion. The 28 maize hybrids were obtained by half diallel crosses at Ismailia Research Station in 2021 and evaluated at 3 locations, viz. Ismailia, Sids and Sakha Research stations in 2022 for yield and agronomic traits. Experimental results revealed that crosses mean square was significant for all the studied traits. Similarly, general and specific combining ability were significant for all the traits. Parental line P8 considered to be an excellent combiner for all traits studied except for, number of days to 50% silking and number of rows characters. The hybrid P5 × P8 possessed desirable SCA effects for a great number of studied traits. Besides, it recorded the heighest mean value for grain yield (12.55 t/ha) plus lowest ear position. As result, this cross P5×P8 could be recommended for releasing after extensive evaluation.

Crop-GPA: an integrated platform of crop gene-phenotype associations

With the increasing availability of large-scale biology data in crop plants, there is an urgent demand for a versatile platform that fully mines and utilizes the data for modern molecular breeding. We present Crop-GPA (https://crop-gpa.aielab.net), a comprehensive and functional open-source platform for crop gene-phenotype association data. The current Crop-GPA provides well-curated information on genes, phenotypes, and their associations (GPAs) to researchers through an intuitive interface, dynamic graphical visualizations, and efficient online tools. Two computational tools, GPA-BERT and GPA-GCN, are specifically developed and integrated into Crop-GPA, facilitating the automatic extraction of gene-phenotype associations from bio-crop literature and predicting unknown relations based on known associations. Through usage examples, we demonstrate how our platform enables the exploration of complex correlations between genes and phenotypes in crop plants. In summary, Crop-GPA serves as a valuable multi-functional resource, empowering the crop research community to gain deeper insights into the biological mechanisms of interest.

Gender-inclusive consumer studies improve cassava breeding in Nigeria.

Including gender research in cassava breeding makes it easier for farmers to adopt new varieties that meet the specific needs and preferences of both male and female farmers, leading to increased adoption of new varieties, improved productivity, and better economic outcomes for the entire farming community. Gender was included in 2013 in variety development at the National Root Crops Research Institute (NRCRI), Umudike, Nigeria in response to the dis-adoption of some varieties by farmers who had not been part of varietal development from the start, and in light of social roles which influence the responsibilities, resources and livelihood outcomes of men, women and youths. Gender inclusion has given plant breeders accurate information about the cassava traits preferred by all end-users, not just male farmers. At NRCRI, gender studies intensified in the last 5 years, contributing to the development and release of improved varieties. Quantitative and qualitative research by the gender cross-cutting team modeled trait profiling and consumer preferences, to aid demand-led breeding. Some of the methods were acquired at several trainings on how to quantify qualitative responses for prioritization. Gender research techniques include participatory varietal selection (PVS), participatory plant breeding (PPB), mother-baby trials, focus group discussions (FGD), surveys, value chain mapping, G+ tools, experiments in farmer field schools (FFS), demonstration farms, and tricot. These gave the cross-cutting team a better understanding of gender relations, power, decision-making, ownership and control of resources, and have mitigated operational and field challenges during the surveys. These methods also elicited feedback from end-users that led to better naming of newly released varieties, reflecting perceptions of agronomic performance, and food qualities, which made the varieties easier to identify and remember.

Effect of conjoint application schedules of organic and inorganic sources of nutrients on growth, yield and economics of rice

A field experiment was conducted during (kharif) summer season of 2019 and 2020 at Crop Research Centre, Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Modipuram, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh to study the effect of integrated use of chemical nitrogen fertilizer and green manure on performance of rice (Oryza sativa L.). The experiment consists of fourteen treatment combinations of conjoint application of organic and inorganic sources of nutrients was laid-out in randomized block design with three replications. The results showed that the significant highest dry matter accumulation (1,205.90 g/m2 ) at harvest stage, leaf-area index (4.18), crop growth rate (16.34 g/m2 /day), relative growth rate (7.09 mg/g/day), grain yield (3.88 t/ha) and straw yield (6.64 t/ha) recorded in the 25% recommended N through dhaincha incorporated + 75% N through chemical fertilizer was found at par with RDF (120N : 60P : 50K) and 25% recommended N through vermicompost incorporated 10 days before transplanting + 75% N through chemical fertilizer and it was significantly superior over rest of the treatment combinations. The substitution of 25% N through incorporated dhaincha at planting was found most promising in terms of productivity, profitability and performed better than other treatments and may be recommended for farmers of Uttar Pradesh and similar agro-eco regions.

Prediction of post-harvest soil nutrient status through multiple linear regression for targeted yield of hybrid maize

A field experiment was conducted during 2017–18 at Crop Research Centre (CRC), Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, to develop post-harvest soil test values (PHSTVs) and response type of fertilizers with the help of fertilizer prescription equations for achieving targeted yield of hybrid maize following STCR principle. In the present study, the response of hybrid maize to selected four levels of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) and three levels of farm yard manure (FYM) at graded fertility levels was studied. Nutrient requirements (NR) of maize were recorded as 22, 5 and 27 kg/tonnes for N, P, and K, respectively. The contribution of NPK nutrients was observed; from fertilizer (%CF) at 58.2, 62.7, and 420.4%, from soil (%CS) at 33.1, 26.8, and 22.7%, from FYM (% C FYM) at 45.2, 14.4 and 39.4% and from fertilizer with FYM (% IPNM) as 62.4, 63.5 and 427.6%, respectively. Integration of N, P, and K fertilizers with FYM (10 t/ha) resulted in fertilizer savings of 31.2%, 18%, and 16% over NPK alone for a target yield of 4500 kg/ha on soil test values of 150, 35 and 200 kg/ha of KMnO4 -N, Olsen-P and NH4 OAc-K, respectively. The fertilizer response type for phosphorus was “+ - - “. The response of hybrid maize to NPK fertilizers was higher when integrated with FYM as compared to NPK alone. The prediction equations for PHSTVs help in predicting soil test values (STVs) which may save the cost of testing.

Studies on Heavy Metal Accumulation and Quality of Irish Potato (Solanum Tuberosum) Tubers Grown with Inorganic and Organic Fertilizers in Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria

The aim of this work was to determine the nutritional quality and heavy metal concentration of irish potato tubers grown with inorganic and organic fertilizer. Forty five (45) tubers obtained from the National Root Crop Research Institute (NRCRI) Kuru were planted in a randomized complete block experimental design (RCBD). Three treatments were applied namely: inorganic fertilizer, poultry dung (positive control) and without treatment (negative control). Each treatment was replicated thrice in three different plots. At maturity, tubers were investigated for protein, lipid and calcium level while heavy metal contents were determined using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Statistical analysis was carried out using ANOVA while mean separation was done using the LSD method at 95% confidence limit. Levels of three heavy metals (Cd, Zn and Co) in Irish potato tubers were higher than their respective permissible limits of 0.02, 1.3 and 0.06 in all samples. Fertilizer application (organic and inorganic) had no significant effect on the concentration of Pb, Cd, Cr, Zn, Co and Cu. Both organic and inorganic fertilizers had significant influence on Ni, As and Mn. Inorganic fertilizer significantly lowered the crude protein, lipid and calcium level in Irish potato tubers when compared with other treatments. This research has provided useful information to stakeholders in the Environmental and Health Science sectors to enlighten growers of Irish potato on the need to limit the use inorganic fertilizer and seek alternative yield enhancers that are effective and safer to the environment and human health.

Insect Pest Complex of Field Pea Crop

A study on diverse insect pest complex of field pea was made in both the years of experimentation i.e. during Rabi, 2021-22 and 2022-23 at Crop Research Centre, College of Agriculture, SVPUA&T, Meerut. As many as 15 insect species were recorded during the study period which belongs to different orders viz. Orthoptera (one species), Hemiptera (four species), Lepidoptera (seven species), Isoptera (one species) and Diptera (two species). All the major parts of this legume plant viz., pod/seed, leaf, root and stem were found to be infested by the insect pests. Sucking insect pests appear during the seedling and vegetative stage of crop i.e. 1st week of December to 2nd week of January. Gram pod borer, pea pod borer and blue butterfly are the pod borer complex that appeared from flowering to maturity stage i.e. 1st week of January to 2nd week of February. Among all the fifteen insect pests, only two pod borers, Etiella zinckenella (Treitschke) and Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) were found as major pests of field pea with severe economic status to this area during successive Rabi, seasons.

Agronomic Response of System of Finger Millet Intensification Technique on Growth and Yield of Organic Finger Millet (Eleusine coracana L.)

The experiment was carried out during Kharif season 2016 and 2017 at Crop Research Farm, SHUATS Model of Organic Farm (SMOF), Department of Agronomy, Naini Agricultural Institute, SHUATS, Prayagraj (U.P.) to study the ‘Agronomic response of System of Finger millet Intensification technique on growth and yield of organic finger millet (Eleusine coracana L.)’. The pooled data recorded that SFMI technique has significant and highest plant height (86.12 cm), maximum number of tillers/ hill (13.08), higher plant dry weight (22.946 g/ hill), maximum number of effective tillers/ hill (12.14), longest spike length (4.01 cm), highest number of grains/ spike (1913.63), highest grain yield (3.23 t/ ha), highest straw yield (7.34 t/ ha) and higher harvest index (43.86%). The pooled data also recorded that CTFM has significant and highest crop growth rate (17.853 g/ m2/ day) at 75 to 90 DAS intervals. Considering poultry manure (16 t/ ha) pooled data showed significant and highest plant height (85.89 cm), maximum number of tillers/ hill (12.88), higher plant dry weight (22.946 g/ hill), maximum number of effective tillers/ hill (11.97), longest spike length (3.98 cm), highest number of grains/ spike (1908.46), higher grain yield (3.25 t/ ha), highest straw yield (7.38 t/ ha) and higher harvest index (44.01%). The data also recorded highest benefit cost ratio by System of Finger millet Intensification technique along with organic sources of nutrient by Poultry manure (1.7 t/ ha) during both the years and in average.

Morphological diversity, correlation studies, and multiple-traits selection for yield and yield components of local cowpea varieties

Abstract The evaluation of the diversity in the cowpea local varieties (CLVs) allows the efficient use of genetic resources for cultivar development. This study aimed to evaluate the diversity of CLVs based on observation of morphological characteristics and to identify the relationship among morphological traits and potential varieties as donor genes to improve yield potential. The CLVs were collected from five provinces in Indonesia during 2017–2018. The evaluation of the performance of CLVs’ morphological characteristics was carried out in the Indonesian Legumes and Tuber Crops Research from March to July 2019. The observed data were 43 agronomic characters which consist of qualitative and quantitative characters. There is a high variation in stem pigmentation and seed color in 214 CLVs. There were nine qualitative characters with no variation. Most quantitative characters showed significant variation among CLVs. The clustering of 214 CLVs results in five clusters in which some CLVs maintain valuable characteristics that could be used in the breeding program. The number of pods per plant, number of racemes per plant, and 100 seed weight were useful for indirect selection in the yield improvement. Based on the genotype by trait biplot, the CLV 112, 191, and 111 could be used as donor parents for seed size improvement and the CLV 169 could be used as a donor parent for the yield potential improvement in the cowpea breeding program. Four cowpea genotypes can be recommended for commercial release or used as potential breeding material in cowpea cultivar development programs. The new findings of this study could provide a basis for the genetic improvement of cowpea.

Development of the vegetative period under salinity stress in several upland rice varieties

As a food crop, upland rice varieties grow well on dry land and without irrigation. Upland rice itself is an environmentally friendly cultivation because it minimizes the use of chemicals and can grow without cultivation. Not only that, in superior varieties blast resistance and tolerance to Al poisoning are important properties that must be possessed. Some rice varieties also have tolerance to salinity, however, the development of rice on saline land is hampered by the availability of varieties produced by conventional breeding at the Center for Rice Crop Research. Given these problems, testing of superior rice for salinity tolerance is carried out for the development of national rice production. Salinity stress is a form of plant response that limits crop production due to the amount of dissolved salts in the soil which reduces the ability of plants to absorb water. Currently, research has started using the varieties sitabagendit, inpago 12 and inpago 13 with a combination of 4.5 dS/m, the plants are still in a moderate state. However, it still affects plant growth.

A Comparative Analysis of Local Maize Hybrids, Versus Commercial Maize Hybrids: Assessing Yield and Yield Components

Genetic variability is an important factor for genotype selection in order to increase yield. A field experiment was conducted on “A comparative analysis of local maize hybrids, versus commercial maize hybrids: Assessing yield and yield components” was carried out at Cereal Crops Research Institute (CCRI) Pirsabak Nowshera during 2022, to check the performance of forty maize hybrids i.e., CHTW-1 to CHTW-40 along 2 checks (CS-220 and P30K08). Randomized complete block design (RCBD) was used with 3 replications. Two rows of each hybrid, each measuring five meters, were planted. The row-to-row and plant-to-plant distance maintained was 75 cm and 25 cm respectively. The seed rate used was 25 kg ha-1. Statistical analysis of the data showed that maximum days to tasseling (60.67 days) were taken by check hybrid CS-220 while minimum days to tasseling (50 days) was noted in candidate hybrids CHTW-2 and CHTW-20. From the results it is concluded and recommended that the candidate hybrid CHTW-11 should be purchased and sown by the farmers as this is the finest, high yielding and cheaper as compared to other maize hybrids available in the market.

Linear Programming Approach for Optimal Profit Mix of Cassava Grates and Flour

The research aimed to identify the optimal combination of cassava grates and flour to maximize the profit of a project initiated by the Philippine Root Crops Research and Training Center at Visayas State University. The findings revealed that the most profitable combination consisted of 125 kg of cassava grates and 25 kg of flour, resulting in an optimum profit of Php 4,250.00 for the entire production. The study highlighted that the project was constrained by limited inputs, preventing it from exceeding the optimal quantities of the two products. To enhance the profitability of both products, adjustments in the resources utilized during production were necessary. While the current production of cassava grates falls below the optimum quantity, indicating room for increased production with the existing inputs, the production of cassava flour had already reached its optimal level. To achieve optimal quantity and profit, the project must implement strategies to prevent resource wastage.

Multivariate Analysis to Study Genetic Diversity for Yield and its Attributing Traits in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

The present investigation was carried out with 72 germplasm lines and three checks of rice (Oryza sativa L.) were grown at Crop Research Station, Masodha conducted in the GPB farm, Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya (U.P.) during Kharif June 2022- February 2023. Data on 10 characters, including grain yield per plant focused on diversity and PCA analysis. This investigation involved the analysis of 72 rice germplasm lines alongside three checks, showcasing extensive variation in agronomic and morphological traits. The study utilized Non-hierarchical Euclidean cluster analysis to assess genetic diversity. The pseudo F-test determined the optimal grouping of 75 genotypes into six distinct clusters. Cluster distribution revealed varying genotype compositions, with Cluster V comprising the highest entries (20), followed by Clusters I, VI, and II. Intra- and inter-cluster distances illustrated significant variability among clusters, emphasizing genetic diversity. Examining agronomic traits across these clusters revealed noteworthy variations in days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height, and productive tillers. Panicle length, flag leaf area, biological yield, harvest index, 1000-grain weight, and grain yield per plant also exhibited cluster-specific variations. These findings provide valuable insights for rice breeding programs, facilitating targeted enhancements of specific agronomic traits within the rice population, thus contributing to the development of more resilient and productive rice varieties.

Elucidation of Genetic Variability for Seed Yield and Its Component Traits, along with Association Studies in pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millspaugh.

The experimental material consisted of fifty-five pigeonpea genotypes sown in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications during the kharif, 2020-2021 crop seasons at the N. E. B. Crop Research Centre of G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand. The components of genetic variance, correlation, and path coefficient were estimated for seed yield and its component by using fifty five pigeonpea genotypes. The highest PCV (> 20%) was recorded for characters, viz. number of secondary branches per plant (62.34%), number of primary branches per plant (37.65%), number of pods per plant (33.00 %), and seed yield per plant (31.84%), and lowest estimates (< 10%) of PCV were found for days to 50% flowering (9.45%) and days to maturity (5.74%). The high estimates of GCV (> 20%) were recorded for traits viz., number of secondary branches (42.16%), number of pods per plant (32.65 %), and seed yield/plant (30.54%), and lowest estimates of GCV were (<10%) for days to 50% flowering (9.43%) and days to maturity (5.71%) number of seeds per pod (5.28 %) and 100-seed weight (9.51 %). The number of pods per plant, (0.858) had high positive direct effects on the seed yield per plant along with a positive and significant correlation (rp=0.77). Based on the present investigation, it is evident that delving into genetic variability, correlations, and path analyses provides a more effective approach for selection of superior cultivars for yield and related traits.