Cronbach's Alpha Reliability Test Research Articles

Tackling Tomorrow's Challenges With NFC Mobile Payment in Public Transport System

Tackling Tomorrow's Challenges With NFC Mobile Payment in Public Transport System

Assessing the expectations of Generation Z customers towards last-mile delivery in E-commerce: A case study in Ho Chi Minh City

This study focuses on assessing the impact of various factors influencing Generation Z consumers' expectations of last-mile delivery services when purchasing goods on e-commerce platforms within Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), to improve service quality and propose delivery processes for efficient last-mile delivery. What is new compared to previous studies is the emphasis on the impact of environmental protection policies and green initiatives on the expectations of Gen Z customers. In this study, the authors propose the factor "Environmental Protection Policy" to build a scale to measure customer expectations in last-mile delivery service. A survey involving 435 participants who belong to Gen Z and frequently utilize e-commerce services in HCMC provided the primary data for this analysis. Utilizing quantitative analytical techniques, including Cronbach's alpha reliability test, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and multiple regression analysis, this research tested several hypotheses. The results corroborate that the expectations of Gen Z consumers regarding delivery services on e-commerce platforms in HCMC are significantly shaped by five pivotal factors: Delivery speed, reliability, responsiveness, environmental protection policy, and cost. The study notably highlights cost as the predominant factor exerting the most substantial influence on the expectations concerning last-mile delivery services. This study has made a significant contribution to the body of knowledge that e-commerce platforms and logistics firms may use to raise the bar for delivery services that Gen Z consumers anticipate.

Using Odih-Score (Modified Klotz Score) for quality of defecation after anorectal malformation following posterior sagittal anorectoplasty (PSARP): Study of validation

Abstract* Objective The diagnostic scale or score is a clinical assessment tool used to determine diagnosis and evaluate further therapy results. The Klotz Score is a previous score modified to create a new instrument, the Odih-score. This new instrument is specifically designed to evaluate the quality of defecation success after operative anorectal malformation and is expected to be simpler and easier to apply in research hospitals. Its primary use is to evaluate the quality of defecation in post-PSARP anorectal malformation patients. Method The study conducted between 2016 and 2021, a longitudinal prospective study was conducted at RSUD Arifin Achmad Pekanbaru Riau Indonesia. The study aimed to validate the reliability of the Odih-Score (Modified Klotz Score) research instrument for evaluating defecation quality in post-PSARP anorectal malformation patients. Pearson validation test and Cronbach alpha reliability test were used as parameters for the validation, while the sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic tests were evaluated using research instrument (IBM SPSS Statistics version 25) The research was approved by the Ethical Clearance Board of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Riau, under reference number No.031/UN.19.5.1.1.8/UEPKK/2019. Results The analysis of the validation test results indicates that the Odih-Score is statistically significant (Sig.<0.05) and has a greater r-count value (0.573-0.790) than the r-table value (0.202). The research reliability test also shows a high level of reliability (Cronbach alpha 0.814) for all five items of the Odih-Score instrument. Further, the sensitivity and specificity test as a diagnostic test resulted in an AUC value of 0.798, with an Odih-Score cut-off point of 11. Conclusion Odih-Score (Modified Klotz’s score) is considered valid and reliable and can be used as a diagnostic test instrument to evaluate the quality of post-anorectal Malformation defecation with PSARP.

Pengaruh Praktik Sholat Khusyuk Dalam Kegiatan Pembinaan Psikospiritual Erhadap Konsentrasi Belajar Mahasiwa

The purpose of this study is to determine how Ma'had students at UIN Suska Riau's learning concentration is affected by the practice of solemn prayer in their psychospiritual growth. This is because pupils frequently struggle to focus when studying, which has a negative impact on learning outcomes. UIN Suska Riau's 133 Ma'had students served as samples for this quantitative study. The sample of 18–21-year-old male and female students was split up into five coaching class groups. A Likert scale model or questionnaire is used to gather data. The 42-statement solemn prayer scale has a Cronbach's alpha rating of 0.945, indicating that the instrument is dependable and dependable. However, the concentration scale consists of 18 items, and the Cronbach alpha reliability test results reached 0.745. The results of the research show that solemn prayer in spiritual formation activities has a positive and significant relationship with study concentration. With a correlation coefficient of 0.487 and a significance of 0.000, it can be concluded that solemn prayer has a significant relationship with study concentration. This shows that the practice of solemn prayer in psychospiritual development activities influences study concentration by 23.7% so that there are 76.3% other factors, such as internal factors, namely physical and spiritual, which originate from the student's mental condition as well as external factors, namely the environment and learning conditions.

Impact Of Academic Supervision on Improving Performance of Early Childhood Education Teachers in Early Age Learning

This research aims to understand and describe the implementation of academic supervision by school principals; assess the performance of Early Childhood Education (PAUD) teachers; determine the influence of academic supervision on PAUD teacher performance; and identify the impact of academic supervision implementation on PAUD teacher performance. This study employed an ex-post facto correlational research design. The population consisted of 594 respondents from various PAUD institutions, with a sample size of 44 respondents selected using Stratified Random Sampling based on the accreditation status of the PAUD institutions. Data were collected through non-test methods, including questionnaires validated using Likert scales and Cronbach's Alpha reliability test, interviews, observations, and documentation. Instrument content validity was 0.89 < 0.75, and reliability was 0.815 < 0.6. Data analysis involved parametric statistical analysis and Spearman correlation tests.
 The findings revealed: 1) Academic supervision by school principals in Manggarai Raya was implemented with a percentage of 40% for accreditation A, indicating excellent performance. However, when viewed comprehensively, it was considered low or unsatisfactory due to being below 50%; 2) PAUD teacher performance in Manggarai Raya, assessed using all indicators, fell into the very good category with a percentage of 20%. Yet, when viewed holistically, it was deemed inadequate/poor as it was below 50%; 3) There was a positive influence of academic supervision by school principals on PAUD teacher performance in Manggarai Raya, with a Cohen's value of 0.99, indicating that 99% of the variance in teacher performance was influenced by academic supervision by school principals; 4) The contribution of academic supervision to PAUD teacher performance in Manggarai Raya, assessed using an R2 coefficient, was 0.27% or 27%; and 5) There was an impact of academic supervision on PAUD teacher performance.
 Keywords: academic supervision, PAUD teacher performance

CHALLENGES OF DIGITAL ECONOMY AMONG HOUSEHOLDS IN UMUIKAA OKWU OLOKORO IN UMUAHIA SOUTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA ABIA STATE

This study determined the extent to which households in Umuikaa participated in digital economy and illuminated on the challenges they encountered. The area of the study was Umuikaa Okwu Olokoro in Umuahia South Local Government Area Abia State Nigeria. The study adopted a descriptive research design. The population of the study was 97 households in Umuikaa. The study adopted a total population sampling. Two research objectives, two research questions and one hypothesis guided the study. The in.strument for data collection was a 20-item structured four points rating scale questionnaire. Three experts validated the instrument. A reliability of 0.86 was obtained using Cronbach Alpha Reliability Test Method. Findings of the study revealed that rural household in Umuikaa participated averagely in digital economy. The findings further revealed the challenges limiting rural household participation in digital economy. Among others were, cost of training on digitalization, lack of digital marketing skills, cost of digital tools and constantly changing technologies. The hypothesis revealed that 62.5% of the hotiseholds participated in digital economy. The study recommended that data which is the oil that drive digital economy should be subsidized by the government in order to make it affordable for rural households. Again, good networking without hitches should be installed in rural communities to encourage digital economy participation and rural inclusion among others.

The Relationship Betweem Self Image and Prosocial Behavior in Instagram Social Media Users

Instagram is one of the biggest platforms used by all groups of people. Instagram provides various kinds of knowledge information and social assistance such as helping behavior or what is known as prosocial behavior. Prosocial behavior is the behavior of helping each other among individuals. Instagram is also used as a place for the formation of selfimage. Selfimage is a view and image of oneself, self-image is formed from past experiences and individual behavior. The research method used is quantitative method. The subjects in this study were Instagram users, age 18-29 years who were obtained using the sperman rho technique with the accidental sampling method. The research data was tested using the Cronbach's alpha reliability test using the SPSS application. The measuring tools used in this research are self-image scale and prosocial behavior scale. The results showed that there was a positive relationship between self-image and prosocial behavior on Instagram social media users, which was 0.232 (p<0.001), meaning that there was a positive relationship between the two variables. The purpose of study was to determine the relationship between self-image and prosocial behavior on Instagram social media users.

Influence of Teacher-Community Relationship on Enrolment and Completion Rates of Pupils in Primary Schools in Aliero Local Government Area, Kebbi State, Nigeria

The study investigated the influence of the teacher-community relationship on enrolment and completion rates of pupils in primary schools in Aliero Local Government Area, Kebbi State, Nigeria. The study used a mixed-methods approach (Quantitative and Qualitative) to seek data from the respondents. The population for this study consisted of 14,337 respondents, including teachers, head-teachers, community leaders and parents/guardians within the Aliero Local Government Education Authority. A sample of 215 teachers, 389 parents and 29 community leaders were drawn through multi-stage sampling techniques. The study used questionnaires and in-depth interviews structured as open-ended questions with probes to substantiate the expected responses from the respondents. The face and content validity of the instruments was carried out by experts in the field of Sociology of Education, Administration and Management and Test and Measurement, Kebbi State University of Science and Technology Aliero. The instrument was further subjected to pilot testing and reliability coefficient of 0.75 and 0.78 were obtained for the variables: enrolment and completion rates, respectively using the Cronbach Alpha reliability test tool. Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) was used to answer the research questions. Findings revealed that the teacher-community relationship is significantly related to an increase in primary school pupils’ enrolment rate (r= .162** p=0.20) and completion rate (r= .787** p=0.33) in Aliero LGA. The relationship was a positive one. It was therefore recommended among others that positive teacher-community relationships should be maintained and strengthened to improve enrolment and completion rates of pupils as well as the general development of primary education in Aliero LGA of Kebbi State.

Mathematics as Determinant of Students’ HOTS Among HND Electrical and Electronic Engineering Students in Ghana

One crucial component of education is developing higher-order thinking skills (HOTS). The aim of this study is to analyze mathematics as determinant of students’ HOTS among HND electrical and electronic engineering student in Ghana. The test format tool used had two indicators, critical and creative thinking, and the subjects for the research were 488 electrical and electronic engineering students from 4 randomly selected Technical Universities in Ghana. The Cronbach Alpha reliability test was performed, and the Pearson test was used to assess the validity of the MAT instrument. Data were processed and analysed using SPSS version 26.0 software. Multiple regression was used as the estimation technique, and the results show a positive high correlation between HOTS and probability (0.757), and positive moderate correlations for algebra (0.669), functions (0.633), trigonometry and complex numbers (0.604), and calculus and differential equations (0.572). These statistics suggest that the level of understanding of mathematics concepts, particularly probability, can determine HOTS. The study's implication is that engineering mathematics curriculum developers should stress the practical applications of mathematics, especially probability in everyday life and offer opportunities for students to use their mathematical knowledge to solve real-world problems in order to develop HOTS.

Validitas Dan Reliabilitas Instrumen Observasi Terhadap Penilaian Teknik Servis Atas Dalam Sepaktakraw

This research is to assist coaches in assessing the technical implementation of serves and their relationship to achieving the main aspects of service movements in sepaktakraw. The purpose of the study is to validate the observation instrument to assess the technical implementation of the top service in Sepaktakaw. This observation instrument can be used to assess progress in relation to achieving important aspects of movement in each service. Methods: Construction of the validity and reliability of this observation instrument is carried out in four phases. The first phase is the study of literature that specifically review the construction of observation instruments. The second stage, the instrument construction was established. The third stage, the validity coefficient of the instrument's content is determined by Aiken V and 9 experts with qualifications, level of understanding, conformity of words, and relevance of the statement, etc. (with a rating scale of 1-4). The internal validation of the instrument is calculated and applied by 18 athletes, quantitatively tested using the product moment correlation. The fourth stage, the reliability of the instrument is calculated using Cronbach's Alpha reliability test. Results: The result of this study indicates that the instrument has optimal value of content and internal validity. In addition, the instrument also has a high reliability value. Conclusion: The results of this study can be used in similar circumstances. More than that, these instruments can be considered measuring instruments to be utilized by the trainer, the teacher as an assessment of the ability of top service techniques

ANALISIS DAMPAK DAN FAKTOR ADDENDUM PEKERJAAN PELEBARAN JEMBATAN TAJI (NGRAHO – TAJI 19 RUAS NO.56 KECAMATAN NGRAHO BOJONEGORO)

The Taji bridge widening project (Ngraho – Taji 19 Section No. 56, Ngraho Bojonegoro District) experienced an addendum due to unfavorable weather at the location, which resulted in landslides. So the design underwent changes, which was originally planned to be 6.9 meters wide and 20 meters long, in the addendum it became 6.1 meters wide and 20 meters long. In the process, there has also been an increase, from 120 (one hundred and twenty) calendar days to 134 (one hundred and thirty) calendar days. So research was carried out with the aim of looking for factors that influence the occurrence of addendums on work projects, identifying any impacts that occur due to addendums on work projects, and also looking for solutions to overcome the existence of addendums on work projects. Then interviews were conducted with internal parties to obtain more detailed information, and questionnaires were also distributed to the agencies participating in the work project as many as 32 respondents. The questionnaire focused on looking for factors that cause addendums, the impact of addendums, and solutions for addendums. Validity and reliability testing was also carried out, so that the results of the questionnaire distributed were proven to be valid using the Pearson Product Moment method and Cronbach's Alpha reliability test, as well as ranking variable indicators using the Relative Importance Index (IKR). Then the results were obtained that the questionnaire was valid and had a very high level of reliability. For the questionnaire ranking results, it was found that the factor that frequently occurs is construction with a mean value of 3.01, then the most influential impact is time with a mean value of 3.30 and the most appropriate solution in the aspect of time with a mean value of 3.93. So that service providers can prioritize solutions in terms of the time aspect, because the mean value is the highest

Factor Analysis of Increasing Customer Loyalty in The Automotive Industry

This study aims to analyze the factors that influence loyalty in the automotive industry. The population of this study are car owners who live in Jabotabek . Using two types of questionnaires, namely the screening questionnaire and the main questionnaire consisting of 27 indicators. Probability sampling was used in determining the sample so that 135 samples were obtained which were dominated by Toyota and Honda brand users with the MVP segment. Factor analysis was carried out using the SEM (structural equation model) method with Smart PLS software and tested the validity, Cronbach's Alpha reliability test and goodness of fit to test the structural model. The results showed that among the 3 variables, namely brand image, product and staff, only brand image proved to have a positive and significant effect on loyalty (50.1%), while the product and staff variables had no significant effect. With the results of this study, it is hoped that ATPM can maintain the loyalty of their customers by continuing to improve their brand image by paying attention to 7 indicators, namely reliable, advanced, challenging, creative, sophisticated, luxury and sustainable.

Exploring the Impact of Predictive Analytics on Accounting and Auditing Expertise: A Regression Analysis of LinkedIn Survey Data

Considering the recent development of big data and its application in various business and management endeavors, there is a growing need for businesses and management of organizations to engage large amounts of data to make real-time decisions, improve financial reporting techniques, and optimize risk management systems in order to ensure increased effectiveness and efficiency in managing the financial resources of the organization. Also, to enhance auditing proficiency and detect fraudulent activities, auditing professionals are constantly engaged in routine tasks while conducting their professional engagements. This paper investigates the impacts of predictive analytics on accounting and auditing proficiency, focusing on financial reporting, fraud detection, risk management, and real-time decision-making. Predictive analytics is a data-driven approach that utilizes historical data and advanced modeling techniques to forecast future events and trends. Thus, this study aims to determine if integrating predictive analytics in accounting and auditing enhances heightened accuracy and reliability within these critical functions. The paper collected primary data through survey questionnaires from 366 accounting and auditing professionals with over ten years of experience. The data collected proved reliable as subjected to a Cronbach alpha reliability test. Linear regression was employed to test the hypothesis. The study found a positive significant relationship between predictive analytics and financial reporting accuracy, fraud detection, real-time decision-making, and risk management. The study recommends that organizations should embrace and invest in predictive analytics technologies in order to enhance their financial performance, while accounting and auditing professionals should commit to continuous learning and skills development in machine learning in order to heighten their proficiency in building proficient predictive analytics models that effectively assess risks, detect fraudulent actions, increase financial reporting accuracy, and supports real-time decision making.

The Relationship Between Game Online Addiction and The Tendency for Verbal Agressiveness in Multiplayer Online Battle Arena

Playing online games is an activity that is popular with various groups, not only children or adolescents, playing online games is also widely practiced by early adults to the elderly. Verbal aggression occurs due to online game addiction, so self-control is needed for Multiplayer Online Battle Arena (MOBA) users. This game emphasizes the cooperative nature of each player, the players will choose and control one game character that is mastered, and will form a strategy for the team which is a strong unit of various abilities and advantages that are unique and different from each character. in the game being played. This study aims to determine the relationship between online game addiction and verbal aggressive tendencies in Multiplayer Online Battle Arena (MOBA) players. The research method used is quantitative research methods. The subjects in this study were men and women aged 18-25 years, who were obtained using a nonprobability sampling technique with the accidental sampling method. The research data was tested using the Cronbach's alpha reliability test using the SPSS 23.0 application. The measuring tools used in this research are online game addiction scale and verbal aggressiveness scale. The results showed that there was a positive relationship between addiction to online games of the Multiplayer Online Battle Arena (MOBA) type and the tendency for verbal aggressive behavior was 0.709 (p <0.000) meaning that there was a significant positive relationship between online game addiction for moba and verbal aggressive behavior.

The Effect of Women’s Family Planning Method Use on Worry Level

Objectives: The research is aimed to determine the effect of women's family planning method use on worry level.
 Methods: The sample of this descriptive study was composed of 339 women who applied to the outpatient clinics of a hospital in Trabzon between 15.05.2019-01.10.2019. Data from the study was collected via the personal data form and the Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ). Descriptive statistical methods, Cronbach Alpha reliability Test, t test in independent groups and ANOVA test were used to evaluate the research data. Before collecting data, permission to use the scale, research permission, ethics committee permission and written consent were obtained from the women participate in the research.
 Results: The average age of the women involved in the study was 31.51±6.53. %51 of the women were high school graduates and %65.8 were housewives. %12.4 of women expressed concern about the family planning method they used. Women received an average score of 54.16±14.39 from PSWQ. The mean scores of women using oral contraceptives, condoms, intrauterine devices and withdrawal methods from PSWQ are respectively 52.19±9.17, 58.20±15.25, 46.84±14.97 and 59.38±13.82 found to be. The PSWQ mean scores of women 25-32 aged between, 6 Months-1 years married, living in a large family, has a pregnancy and a child, the family planning method he uses negatively affects his sexual life and his relationship with his wife, dissatisfied with the family planning method he and his wife use, not trusting the method, worried about the method, fear of pregnancy it was found to be higher than other women and the difference between groups was statistically significant (p

Stakeholders’ Perspective on the Quality of Virtual Learning Material in Google Classroom

The COVID-19 pandemic stimulated education system worldwide to employ online learning to support learning despite difficult times. To respond to this challenge and to promote Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 4, advocating quality education, a virtual learning material (VLM) for Biology was articulated in Google Classroom. Accordingly, this study aimed to evaluate its acceptability and conformity to the international standards for online courses using the Open SUNY Course Quality Review (OSCQR) rubric as the questionnaire. Respondents (N=40) involved four stakeholders: Senior High School Students, Pre-service Science Teachers, High School Teachers, and Science Instructors/Professors, with n=10 representatives each group. Their perspectives of the VLM acceptability in terms of Overview and Information, Technology and Tool, Design and Layout, Content and Activities, Interaction, and Assessment and Feedback were obtained through a Google Form by rating the 50-item questionnaire on a 4-point Likert scale together with two open-ended questions. With a grand mean of 3.81(SD=0.40), the findings revealed highly acceptable results. The qualitative responses also substantiated this result. Significant differences in the responses are also discussed, while the Cronbach alpha reliability test is high (α=0.923). Significantly, the VLM conforms with the international standards for online course design, suggesting it can be implemented among target students.

Accounting Information Security Control and Satisfaction of Accountants Regarding Accounting Information Systems

This study analyzes the factors affecting accountants’ satisfaction with the accounting information system in Vietnamese enterprises. The research results of this study show that the factors affecting user satisfaction with the accounting information system are directly influenced by four factors: the quality of the accounting workforce, perception of usefulness, system quality, and information quality. The quality of the accounting workforce is the factor that has the greatest direct impact on the accountant’s satisfaction. The second is the perceived usefulness factor. The third is the system quality factor, and the last is the information quality factor. In particular, the results of this study indicate that humans are an important factor. Knowledge of accounting information security control is directly proportional to accountants’ satisfaction with the accounting information system. The results can be used to recommend enterprises improve accountants’ satisfaction, helping to increase work efficiency. Objectives: The main objectives of this study include: (1) Identifying the factors influencing the satisfaction of accountants with the accounting information system in enterprises in Vietnam. (2) Determining the relationship between accounting information security and the satisfaction of accountants with the accounting information system. (3) Providing recommendations to enhance the satisfaction of accountants with the accounting information system in enterprises in Vietnam. Methods: This study uses qualitative and quantitative research. During the qualitative process, this study analyzed related works. Group discussions are used to provide initial assessments of measurement scales, concepts, and research hypotheses and to adjust, supplement, and explore influencing factors. The questionnaire and the research model are reviewed by the experts. Quantitative research involved data collection through survey investigations based on a designed questionnaire via Google Forms. The formal research survey was conducted using a stratified sampling method, encompassing businesses from various sectors. The quantitative research employed the Cronbach Alpha reliability test for the measurement scales, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and the use of structural equation modeling (SEM) to assess the structural relationships. Descriptive statistics and tests of significance were also utilized. Findings: The results of the study on the factors affecting user satisfaction with an accounting information system are directly influenced by four factors: system quality, information quality, quality of accountants, and perceived usefulness. The quality of the accounting workforce has the greatest direct impact on the accountant’s satisfaction, followed by perceived usefulness, system quality, and information quality factors. Novelty:This study discovered a relationship between knowledge of accounting information security and the level of satisfaction among accountants regarding information technology systems in enterprises in Vietnam. This finding can assist enterprises in implementing strategies to provide more training on accounting information security for their employees. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2023-07-05-06 Full Text: PDF

Ethical Leadership and Employee’s Performance in Lagos State Government-Office of the Auditor General

Ethical leadership is leadership that is directed by respect for ethical beliefs and values and for the dignity and rights of others. This study examined the effects of ethical leadership on employee performance in Lagos State Government-Office of Auditor General. The objectives of the study were to: examine the effect of ethical leadership on employee effectiveness in Lagos State Government-Office of the Auditor General; investigate the effect of ethical leadership on employee job satisfaction in Lagos State Government-Office of the Auditor General and evaluate the influence of ethical leadership on employee productivity in Lagos State Government-Office of the Auditor General. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design on a population of 381 of Lagos State Government-Office of Auditor General. Purposive sampling technique was employed in administering the research instrument. The research instrument employed was a questionnaire. Data were gathered from primary source. The research instrument employed was a self-constructed 5-point Likert scale questionnaire. The research instrument was validated through content validity and a Cronbach alpha reliability test of 0.875, 0.895 and 0.823 indexes were conducted. The results of the study revealed that ethical leadership has a significant influence on employee effectiveness, job satisfaction and productivity. Thus, the study recommended that the leadership of the commission should adopt equal treatment of its staff to help improve the quality and increase employees’ sense of commitment towards their job.

Secondary School Students’ Perception of Science Laboratory Accident Status and Preventive Measures in Awka Education Zone

Purpose of the study: The study investigated secondary school students’ assessment of science laboratory accident status and preventive measures in the Awka Education Zone. Two research questions guided the study, and one hypothesis was tested at a .05 significance level.
 Methodology: The study used the descriptive survey research design. A sample of 156 public and 40 private secondary school students was used. A checklist and a questionnaire were used to collect data. The questionnaire was validated, and a Cronbach Alpha reliability test gave a coefficient of 0.86. The collected data was used to analyze mean, standard deviation, percentage, and t-tests.
 Main Findings: The results revealed that science laboratory accidents do not occur in secondary schools in Awka Education Zone, irrespective of school type. The study also observed no significant difference in the preventive measures against science laboratory accidents adopted by private and public secondary school students in the zone.
 Novelty/Originality of this study: There is limited literature in the present study’s area seeking to assess the laboratory accident status in secondary schools and the measures the students take to avert these accidents. Thus, the present study’s findings would provide background information on laboratory activities and accidents in the area of the research and preventive measures to be deployed.

Pengaruh penggunaan media sosial dan teman sebaya terhadap prestasi belajar mahasiswa dimediasi motivasi

This study aims to determine the effect of the use of social media and peers on learning achievement mediated by motivation in economics students at the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Sebelas Maret University. The type of research used is quantitative with a survey method and the sample used is 262 economics students. The validity test used in this study uses Connfirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and uses the Cronbach Alpha reliability test. The data analysis technique used in this study is hierarchical regression analysis. Based on the results of the study, it is concluded that 1) there is a positive and significant influence between the variables of social media use on learning motivation, 2) peer variables directly do not influence learning motivation, 3) motivation variables do not influence learning achievement, 4) there is a significant influence between the variables of social media use on learning achievement, 5) there is a significant influence between peer variables on learning achievement.