Cronbach Alpha Reliability Coefficient Research Articles

An Assessment of Workshop Practices for Sustainable Youth Empowerment in Welding and Fabrication Small and Medium Scale Enterprises in Ogba/Egbema/Ndoni Local Government Area, Rivers State

This study assessed workshop practices for sustainable youth empowerment in welding and fabrication small and medium scale enterprises in Ogba/Egbema/Ndoni Local Government Area, Rivers State. Specifically, this study sought to assess safety, facility maintenance and record keeping practices for sustainable youth empowerment in welding and fabrication small and medium scale enterprises in Ogba/Egbema/Ndoni Local Government Area, Rivers State. This study adopted descriptive survey design. The population of this study comprised 15 mechanical technology lecturers and 29 mechanical technology final year students in Federal College of Education (Technical), Omoku which is the only tertiary institution in the study area. The population was manageable and was used for the study, therefore, there was no sampling method adopted. Three objectives were formulated, answered and tested at .05 level of significance. The instrument used for this study was a survey questionnaire. The instrument was face validated by two mechanical technology lecturers in Federal College of Education (Technical) Omoku and it was tested for reliability using Cronbach Alpha Reliability Coefficient method. A reliability value of .82 was obtained. Mean with Standard Deviation were used to answer the research questions while t-test statistical tools was used to test the hypotheses. This study found among others that wearing safety equipment, assessing the functionality of tools before usage, Provision of waste bin to gather tiny scraps in the workshop, lubricating of engines parts and tools, keeping tools away from moist environment, taking record of tools used and scheduled of maintenance, among others are workshop practices for sustainable youth empowerment in welding and fabrication small and medium scale enterprises in Ogba/Egbema/Ndoni Local Government Area. Therefore, it was recommended that local government leaders should as a matter of fact organize seminars for welding and fabrication artisans in the study area.

Development of Turkish Reading Anxiety Scale

This study aims to develop a Turkish reading anxiety scale (TRAS) for secondary school students whose mother tongue is not Turkish. In addition, since the subject of our study is people who do not receive education in their mother tongue, but receive education in a second language, it aims to develop a measurement tool to determine the effect of this difference on second language learning anxiety. The data of the study were applied to 432 8th grade secondary school students whose mother tongue was Kurdish and who learned Turkish afterwards. As a result of the exploratory factor analysis (EFA), it was seen that the items in the scale were collected in three factors and consisted of 19 items. These three factors are: “Fear”, “Anxiety” and “Preference”. It is seen that the three-factor structure obtained as a result of EFA was confirmed as a result of CFA. It is seen that the three-factor structure obtained as a result of EFA contributed 46.280% to the total variance. It is seen that the factor load values of the items ranged from 0.487 to 0.789. As a result of the item analysis, it is seen that the items in the scale are distinctive. As a result of the ANOVA analysis, it was concluded that students’ Turkish reading anxiety differed significantly according to gender, mother's knowledge of Turkish, and the language that parents wanted to be spoken at home. However, it was concluded that there was no significant difference between the father's knowledge of Turkish and the language spoken at home preference. The Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficients of the three-factor structure obtained from the TRAS were calculated as .81, .75 and .70, respectively, and the alpha coefficient for all items of the scale was calculated as 0.87. As a result, considering the validity and reliability analyzes, it was concluded that the TRAS is a reliable and valid measurement tool.

Development of Hospital Perception Scale for Healthy Children (HPSHC) and Investigation of Its Psychometric Properties.

(1) Aim: The aim of the study was to develop and analyze the psychometric properties of a hospital perception scale for healthy children aged 8 to 10 years. (2) Methods: A methodological design was employed. The scale's validity was investigated using the approaches of content validity, face validity, item analysis, and construct validity. The scale's reliability was evaluated utilizing the approaches of internal consistency reliability, measurer reliability, and measurement invariance. (3) Results: In total, 330 children took part in this study. The scale is composed of six factors. Factor loads range from 0.42 to 0.79. The item-total score correlation coefficients were 0.42 and 0.79, respectively, while the Cronbach alpha reliability coefficient was 0.87. (4) Conclusions: The HPSHC is a valid and reliable tool. It can be used to determine how healthy or sick children in their middle childhood are perceived when going to the hospital and being hospitalized.

Assessing Strategic Thinking and Teaching Hospital Performance Post-Pandemic: A Survey from Nigeria

The post-pandemic business landscape in Africa is characterized by organizational non-performance, employee attrition, lack of resilience, and strategic thinking in recent times. It continues to generate public discussion, concerns, and scientific interest because of its negative impacts. The coronavirus pandemic has also heightened these concerns; though, organizations continue to grapple for ways to improve performance. However inadequate strategic thinking is prevalent and has not received adequate attention post-pandemic, particularly in Nigeria the giant of Africa owning to the population. Therefore, this study aims to determine the association between strategic thinking and the long-term performance of organizations in Nigeria with a representative sample of selected teaching hospitals in Ogun State Nigeria. This is due to the peculiarity of teaching hospitals to live and well-being and the peculiar erratic business environment in Nigeria. The investigation utilized a survey research design comprising 339 medical doctors (Registrars, Senior Registrars, and Consultants) from teaching hospitals in Ogun State, Nigeria. The technique of total enumeration was used. A validated semi-structured questionnaire was utilized to collect data for the study. The constructs' Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficients ranged from 0.88 to 0.92. The rate of response was 93.8%. For the analysis of the data descriptive and inferential statistics were employed (Pearson product-moment correlation and regression analysis). The data analysis revealed that strategic thinking had a significant positive effect on the organizational performance of teaching hospitals in Ogun State, Nigeria (Adj. R2 = 0.051, F(4, 313) = 5.295, p < 0.05). The study concluded that strategic thinking affects the organizational performance of teaching hospitals in Ogun State, Nigeria, and can ensure long-term survival. Due to the correlation between strategic thinking and organizational performance, it is recommended that organizations adopt strategic thinking and ensure that they comprehend its significance to organizational performance. Strategic thinking can be a solution for hospital organizations to remain resilient in uncertain times.

Development and Usability of Transistor Module using Tinkercad among UPSI Physics Trainee Teachers

This study was conducted to develop Transistor module using Tinkercad and to study the usability of Transistor modules using Tinkercad among trainee Physics teachers of Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI). This study is a developmental design study using the ADDIE model and developed based on Constructivism theory. A total of 84 samples from UPSI Physics trainee teachers were taken as respondents through convenient sampling method to study the usability of the module. The research instruments involved were an expert validity assessment form and a usability questionnaire. The method used to analyze the validity using the expert consent percentage method. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) application was used to obtain the value of Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient while the data for the usability questionnaire were analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis data to obtain the mean and standard deviation. As a result of the study, the value of expert agreement for modules and instruments is high with values of 94.5% and 92.7%. For the research instrument got a high reliability value of 0.93. The findings of the study also show that this module has good level of usability (M = 4.67, SP =0.46). Therefore, this module is suitable to be used as a study aid for the Transistors subtopic for Form Five Physics.

Inculcating Digital Contents, Technological Tools: Agents for Enhancing Business Education Curriculum for Skill Acquisition in Nigerian Universities

This study was on inculcating digital contents, technological tools as agents for enhancing business education curriculum for Skill Acquisition in Universities in Anambra State. Two research questions and null hypotheses were tested at a 0.05 level of significance. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. A population of 34 business educators in Universities in Anambra state were used for the study. No sample was drawn for the study since the size of the population is manageable. The instrument used to collect data for the study was a structured questionnaire with two parts; part A contained items on the demography of respondents and part B contained items on the two research questions under the study. The questions were structured on a 5 point rating scale of Strongly Agree (SA); Agree (A), Moderately Agree (MA), Disagree (D) and Strongly Disagree. The instrument was validated b three experts, two from the Department of Business Education and one from Measurement and Evaluation. Cronbach Alpha reliability coefficient was used to test consistency of the instrument and a general coefficient of 0.81. Data collected was analyzed using arithmetic mean and standard deviation while t- test was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. When the p value was found to be equal or less than 0.05 alpha levels, the noted difference was said to be significant, therefore, the null hypothesis was be rejected. However, a p value found to be greater than 0.05, the noted difference was insignificant, therefore, the null hypothesis will be accepted. The findings of the study revealed that business education lecturers in universities in Anambra state agree that provision of instructional technology, inculcating digital contents can enhance business education curriculum for skill acquisition. These findings were discussed and conclusion was drawn. Relevant recommendations were made based on the findings of the study part of which included that Management of business education programme should incorporate digital tools and platforms that are relevant to various business disciplines, such as data analytics software, marketing automation platforms, project management tools, or simulation software. Provide hands-on training and practical exercises using these tools to develop students' proficiency in digital technologies applicable to the business context.

Turkish Adaptation of the Relationship Sabotage Scale: A Validity and Reliability Study

In this study, it is aimed to adapt the ‘Relationship Sabotage Scale' (RSS), whose validity and reliability studies were conducted by Peel and Caltabiano (2021), adapting it to Turkish. The adaptation process of the scale was carried out by going through various stages in which the participants were university students. In the first stage of the research, 32 university students were reached for language equivalence study. At the next stage, the study group for the validity and reliability study of the research consists of a total of 266 university students, 150 (56%) female and 116 (44%) male, studying at various faculties in the fall semester of the 2022-2023 academic year. The construct validity of the RSS was tested with Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Confirmatory factor analysis results show that the 12-item and three-factor structure of the original scale was confirmed. It was observed that the item factor loads of the scale ranged from .56 to .95. According to the findings, it is seen that the scale tested with CFA has sufficient goodness-of-fit indices. For the reliability of the scale, the Cronbach alpha reliability coefficient was calculated; At the end of the analyzes, the total Cronbach alpha reliability coefficient of the scale was found .81, while the Cronbach alpha (α) internal consistency coefficients for the sub-dimensions ranged from .81 to .85. The findings obtained as a result of the study show that RSS is a valid and reliable measurement tool that can be used in evaluating the self-sabotage of individuals in their romantic relationships.

Validation of the Arabic Maternal postpartum quality of life questionnaire among Lebanese women: A cohort study.

The postpartum period is an important phase in a woman's life. Yet, there is a paucity of validated instruments that assess maternal postpartum quality of life issues. The aim of this study is to describe the adaptation and validation of the Arabic version of the Maternal Postpartum Quality of Life (MAPP-QOL) questionnaire. This instrument validation cohort study tested an adapted Arabic version of the MAPP-QOL questionnaire on a convenience sample of 485 healthy Lebanese postpartum women. The MAPP-QOL reliability and validity were investigated by conducting Exploratory Factor Analysis using Principal Component Analysis, and by correlating the participants' MAPP-QOL scores with their scores on the Arabic Maternal Breastfeeding Evaluation Scale (MBFES-A), age, and education. Confirmatory Factor Analysis was conducted to examine how well the original factor structure of MAPP-QOL fits with our observed data using STATA 14. All other statistical analyses were done using SPSS version 23. The Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient of the Arabic MAPP-QOL was 0.90. Exploratory factor analysis revealed the following five components: Functioning (11 items, Cronbach's alpha of 0.82), Socioeconomic (9 items, Cronbach's alpha of 0.81), Relational (9 items, Cronbach's alpha of 0.75), Psychological (4 items, Cronbach's alpha of 0.74), and Health (6 items, Cronbach's alpha of 0.59). The overall Arabic MAPP-QOL score was positively but weakly correlated with the MBFES-A score (r = 0.177, p < 0.001), its Maternal Enjoyment/Role Attainment subscale score (r = 0.108, p = 0.023), and Lifestyle/Body Image subscale score (r = 0.286, p < 0.001). There was no significant association between the type of infant feeding at one month and the Arabic MAPP-QOL score (p = 0.932). Similarly, the Arabic MAPP-QOL score was not correlated with the participant's age (r = 0.043, p = 0.362) or education (p = 0.451). After modification of indices, Confirmatory Factor Analysis revealed that the goodness of fit indices corresponding to the 5-factor model in the original questionnaire indicate a reasonable fit with RMSEA = 0.052, CFI = 0.847 and SRMR = 0.062. The Arabic MAPP-QOL has good psychometric properties and may be a useful tool for clinicians and researchers interested in measuring maternal postpartum quality of life. Further replication of our findings in other Arab contexts is needed.

Attitude of Students towards English as a General Study Course in the College of Health Technology, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria

The study ascertained students' attitudes towards English as a general study course in the College of Health Technology Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria. To achieve this purpose, two hypotheses were formulated. The study adopted a survey research design. Proportionate and accidental sampling techniques were used to select 232 year 1 College of Health Technology Calabar students. A validated questionnaire titled “Attitude of Students towards English as a General Study Course Questionnaire” (ASTEGSCQ) was the instrument used for data collection. The questionnaire was validated by three experts. A reliability index of 0.86 was obtained for the questionnaire using Cronbach Alpha reliability coefficient. After a pilot test, 224 copies of the questionnaire were correctly filled and returned. Hypotheses were tested at .05 significance level using population t-test and independent t-test statistics. Test of hypotheses revealed that the attitude of students of College of Health Technology, Calabar towards English as a general study course is significantly positive and there is no significant difference in the attitude of male and female students of College of Health Technology, Calabar towards English as a general study course. Based on the findings, it was recommended amongst others that lecturers of the English language should present their lesson in an interesting manner, and utilize relevant active learning strategies to maintain students’ positive attitude towards the course.

Chi-Square Analysis of the Survey of ICT Availability and Competency of Secondary Schools' Guidance and Counseling Officers in Bwari Area Council FCT Abuja, Nigeria

The quest for the use of Information and Computer Technology (ICT) by Guidance and Counseling Officers to discharge their duties in Bwari Area Council FCT Abuja, Nigeria, is of importance and has been emphasized. This study investigates the availability and competency of Guidance and Counseling Officers on the use of ICT. It also examines the influence of gender on Guidance and Counseling Officers’ perceived self efficacy. A total of One hundred and fifty (150) questionnaires were distributed out of which to a total of one hundred (100) were retrieved from Guidance and Counseling Officers (50 male and 50 females) in Bwari Area Council of Federal Capital Territory, Abuja Nigeria, who were asked to indicate the availability and their level of competence in the use of ICT. The validity of the questionnaire was approved by three experts in the field. The Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficients were 0.91, 0.83, 0.79 and 0.88 for experience of using computers, level of competency in basic computer operations, competency in using computer software and total score respectively. Percentage analysis showed that 72% of the Officers do not have the required experience in the use of computers, computer basic operations and the use of application software. The chi-square analysis indicated no significant difference between male and female Guidance and Counseling Officers’ competence in the use of computers, computer basic operations and the use of application software. It is recommended that the Officers should go extra mile in improving themselves as the professional development training provided by the government has proved inadequate. Guidance and Counseling Officers should be given adequate basic and advanced training on the use of ICT during their school training

How Does Being Trusted Affect Sharing? Findings from the Ultimatum Game

Individual personalities, situational factors, and social interactions impact the fair sharing of justice. This study was conducted on 412 adults and investigated how behaviors were shaped in the Ultimatum Game. Therefore, three cases were determined, and the bidder was instructed to divide 10 thousand TL first in the typical game. Afterward, it was said that the other person was in need, and the bid was requested to be renewed. At the last stage, bids were received if there was any doubt about the needy. Consistency analysis was performed with the Cronbach's Alpha Reliability Coefficient for the reliability. It was found that the scales used in the test were consistent. According to the typical game, people are more empathetic towards those in need and offer 6667 TL rather than 4264 TL. However, when a question of reliability is raised, 4658 TL is offered regardless of need. The study also found that women made higher offers to people in need than men. There was no statistical difference between the bids when the age range and graduation level differed. The findings show that the neoclassical economics concept of homo economicus, which seeks to maximize utility, is not valid in real life.

Influence of the Use of E-Learning Technologies on the Learning of Business Education Courses as Perceived by Business Education Students in South-South, Nigeria

The study was carried out to determine perceived influence of the use of e-learning technologies on the learning of Business Education courses in Public Universities in South-South, Nigeria. The study was guided by two research questions and two null hypotheses. The study adopted descriptive survey research design. The population of the study is eight hundred and seventy-nine final year students in public universities in South-South, Nigeria. The sample of size of 275 Business Education students, through Yaro Yamane formula was studied. Structured questionnaire containing 25 item entitled “Perceived influence of the use of e-learning technologies on the learning of Business Education courses” were used for data collection. The instrument was validated by three (3) experts. The Cronbach Alpha Reliability coefficient was 0.97 and 0.91. 275 copies of instrument were distributed; 250 copies were successfully retrieved from students. Mean (X) and Standard Deviation (SD) were used in analyzing the research questions. The null hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance using t-test statistical tool. The findings showed that the use of digital library, video conference and Google search engine have positive influence on the learning of Business Education in Public Universities in South-South, Nigeria. The hypotheses tested showed there is no significant difference between the opinion of students in Federal and State Universities perceived influence of digital library in learning of Business Education courses, there is no significant difference in the mean ratings of male and female Business Education students on the perceived influence of the use of video conferencing in learning of Business Education courses, Nigeria and there is no significant difference in the mean ratings of Business Education Students in Federal and State Universities on the perceived influence of the use of Google Search Engine in learning of business education courses in public universities based on school ownership. Based on the findings of the study, it was concluded that, the use of digital camera, digital library, video conferencing and Google search engine are believed to have influence on the learning of Business Education courses in public universities in South-South, Nigeria. The study recommended among others that management of public universities in South-South zone of Nigeria should endeavour to adequately provide e-learning technologies identified in order to sustain e-learning in learning of business education courses. The educational implication is that the e-learning technologies for teaching and learning of Business Education courses influence teaching and learning of Business Education courses. Training and re-training of lecturers in the utilization of e-learning technologies should be adopted, because it will improve lecturers’ skills in business education courses and also help students to learn better and faster in the classroom.

Matematik Öğretmenleri İnanç Ölçeğinin Türkçeye Uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması

The purpose of this research is to analyze the validity and reliability of the Mathematics Teachers Belief Scale developed by Xie and Cai (2021) for its adaptation to Turkish culture and Turkish language. The study was designed as a mixed pattern. The study group consisted of 431 teachers of mathematics working in various cities of Turkey. The original scale is a 4-point Likert scale. It consists of 26 items in 5 subscales. Translation studies were carried out for the language validity of the scale. Then, exploratory factor analysis was performed with the examined data set. Analysis of the results showed that the original structure of the scale was preserved. Confirmatory factor analysis results, it was concluded that the scale structure had good or acceptable fit indexes. In addition, the t-values for the comparison of the item-total correlation coefficients and the 27% lower/upper group averages also provide data on the scale structure. Regarding reliability, Cronbach Alpha and Spearman-Brown two-half test reliability coefficients showed that the scale had a reliable structure. Result of analysis, sufficient evidence was obtained that the scale, which was adapted into Turkish, has a valid and reliable structure.

Workplace Spirituality and Work Engagement with Life Satisfaction as a Mediating Variable in Working Mothers

Improving work engagement among working mothers is crucial not only due to their growing numbers each year but also because of the inherent complexity in their lives. This study aims to examine the role of life satisfaction as a mediating variable in the relationship between workplace spirituality and work engagement among working mothers. The survey method was employed, utilizing workplace spirituality, work engagement, and life satisfaction scales, all of which demonstrated favorable properties, with AVE-coefficients above 0.50 and Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficients above 0.60. The research comprised 706 working mothers who met specific criteria, including formal employment, having children, and a minimum work experience of one year. Data analysis was conducted using smartPLS version 3. The study's results indicate that life satisfaction indeed serves as a mediating variable in the link between workplace spirituality and work engagement among these mothers. The implications of these findings are discussed, highlighting the significance of increasing mothers' involvement in the workforce overall.&#x0D; &#x0D; Received: 12 May 2023 / Accepted: 25 July 2023 / Published: 5 September 2023

Investigation of Stress-Inducing Factors and Preoperative Anxiety and Their Mitigation Strategies from Patients' Perspectives in Surgical Departments of Educational Medical Centers at Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences in 2023

Introduction: In light of the progress made in anesthesia and surgical procedures resulting in fewer complications and greater success rates, preoperative stress and anxiety persist among patients. This study aimed to evaluate stress-inducing factors and preoperative anxiety and explore strategies for their mitigation among surgical patients. Material and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 2023 on 375 surgical patients in the operating room departments of educational medical centers affiliated with Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. Simple random sampling was employed and a questionnaire designed by the researchers was used to collect data (with Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient of 0.81). The data were analyzed via SPSS 20 software. Results: The study revealed that 60% of the total participants were male, with a mean age of 40 years. Moreover, 72% of the participants were married. The preoperative stress factors had a mean score of 7.29, with the next most significant factors being stress-inducing factors related to the department (19.6%), followed by stress-inducing factors related to the surgical staff (13.2%), and stress-inducing factors from the physical environment of the operating room (11.4%). Conclusion: The final results of this study suggest that by identifying influential factors on preoperative stress and addressing them, it is possible to minimize preoperative anxiety. Therefore, it is recommended to develop educational programs for physicians and personnel to alleviate stress-inducing factors and provide patients with essential information about surgical complications, the surgical process, and anesthesia procedures.

METACOGNITION AWARENESS, METACOGNITIVE USE AND STUDENTS’ CHEMISTRY ACHIEVEMENT IN POST BASIC SCHOOLS IN ONDO STATE, NIGERIA

This study is about influence of metacognitive strategies and metacognitive use on student’s academic achievement in chemistry. It was conducted in public post basic schools in Ondo state, Nigeria. A total of 1,307 chemistry students were the respondents of the study. Metacognitive Awareness Inventory (MAI) designed by Schraw and Dennison (1994) was adapted in this study. Scenarios were given in the developed Metacognitive Awareness Scale (MAS) used in this study and respondents were required to judge how applicable to them the strategies that follow each scenario. MAS cover the demographic information of the students and contains the scenarios and the strategies to be rated as applicable or not applicable. Eight scenarios are given to the students with 28 strategies to be judged. Chemistry Students Metacognitive Strategies Questionnaire (CSMSQ) made up of 25 items was used to measure the use of chemistry students’ metacognitive strategies in chemistry. The scales were administered to another population having the same characteristics with the study population to determine the reliability of the scale using cronbach alpha reliability coefficient and found to be 0.87 and 0.80 respectively. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis were utilized to examine the data collected. There was a significant contribution of metacognitive awareness to the prediction of chemistry achievement of students while there was no significant contribution of metacognitive use to the prediction of chemistry achievement of post basic chemistry students. About 2.2% of the variance is accounted for by the two predictor variables examined in this study when taken together. 25 items were used to measure the use of metacognition in chemistry with an average weighted mean of 2.94 out of possible 4.0. It is concluded that while chemistry students are aware of metacognition, the students are not using the strategies in chemistry classes. The study recommends that chemistry post basic students be trained to improve on their metacognitive strategies use in chemistry.

DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF BUSINESS EDUCATION PROGRAM IN NIGERIAN UNIVERSITIES FOR 21ST-CENTURY SKILL ACQUISITION

This study examined digital transformation of business education program for 21st-century skill acquisition in Nigerian universities. Two purposes of the study were employed in this research work. two research questions guided the study and two null hypotheses which were tested at 0.05 level of significance. A descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. The population of the study comprised 34 business educators in universities in Anambra state. The entire population was used for the study since the population is manageable and accessible to the researcher. Hence, there was no sampling The instrument used to collect data for the study was a structured questionnaire with two parts; part A contained items on the demography of respondents and part B contained items on the two research questions under the study. The questions were structured on a 4-point rating scale of Strongly Agree (SA); Agree (A), Disagree (D) and Strongly Disagree. The instrument was validated b three experts, two from the Department of Business Education and one from Measurement and Evaluation. Cronbach Alpha reliability coefficient was used to test consistency of the instrument and a general coefficient of 0.76. Data collected was analyzed using arithmetic mean and standard deviation while t- test was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. When the p value was found to be equal or less than 0.05 alpha levels, the noted difference was said to be significant, therefore, the null hypothesis was be rejected. However, a p value found to be greater than 0.05, the noted difference was insignificant, therefore, the null hypothesis will be accepted. The findings of the study revealed among others that curriculum modernization, administration facilitate 21st century skill acquisition in universities in Anambra state. Based on the findings of the study, the researcher recommended that curriculum planners should revamp the business education curriculum to emphasize experiential learning and real-world application of knowledge and skills by integrating relevant and future-focused content, students can develop the skills required for success in the 21st century. There should be integration of digital literacy into the core curriculum of business education programs by designing courses and learning activities that explicitly incorporate digital tools and technologies relevant to the field, such as data analysis software, project management platforms, and digital marketing tools.

Patient Privacy Attitude Scale: A Scale Development Study

Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop a measurement tool to determine the attitudes of health professionals towards patient privacy.&#x0D; Material and Methods: First, an item pool of 42 items was created by the researchers and expert opinion was presented. The scale form, whose language and content validity was ensured, was applied to the sample group, and the data obtained were analyzed through LISREL 8.54 and SPSS 22.0 package programs. The validity of the scale was evaluated using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses and reliability was evaluated using Cronbach's Alpha reliability coefficient, test-retest method and item analysis.&#x0D; Results: Exploratory factor analysis yielded a 27-item structure with 5 factors explaining 57.483% of the variance, eigenvalues above 1, and factor loadings above 0.53. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the scale showed a theoretically and statistically acceptable level of fit. The reliability of the scale was examined by test-retest method and internal consistency analysis. The total Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the scale was 0.91. There was no statistical difference between the test-retest means of the total and five sub-dimensions of the scale (p&gt;0.05).&#x0D; Conclusion: The analysis shows that the scale is a reliable and valid measurement tool that can be used to determine the attitudes of health professionals towards patient privacy.

Assessing Zoom Software Utilization in Teaching and Learning in Tertiary Institutions in Plateau State

The study assessed Zoom software utilization in teaching and learning in tertiary institutions in Plateau State. To achieve the aims of the study, two research questions were raised, and two hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. A descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. The population of the study comprises 58 business education lecturers who were all involved in the study. A 28-item questionnaire titled "Assessing Zoom Software Utilization in Teaching and Learning scale" (AZSUTL) was used for data collection. The instrument was validated by three experts, and 88 Cronbach Alpha Reliability Coefficients were the overall reliability index for the instrument. The data collected were analyzed using the mean, standard deviation, percentages, and one sample t-test. The findings of the study revealed that Zoom software is not available and that the utilization of Zoom software for teaching and learning is significantly low. It was however recommended, among others, that the management of tertiary institutions should liaise with all levels of government agencies to make Zoom software available in order to aid teaching and learning in tertiary institutions in Plateau State.

Psychometric Properties of the Hindi Version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire-Older Adults (WHOQOL-OLD) Module in Dehradun, India.

The perception of quality of life (QOL) is a subjective concept; however, attempts have been made to discern the key points and to give a metric view of this concept. The World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire-Older Adults (WHOQOL-OLD) module is an international and cross-cultural tool that quantifies the QOL in older adults. This study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of the Hindi version of the WHOQOL-OLD module by calculating its reliability and validity among the elderly residing in the Dehradun district of India. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 440 elderlies from the rural and urban areas of Dehradun by using the Hindi version of the WHOQOL-OLD questionnaire. The mean and standard deviations were calculated for QOL scores. Reliability was checked by calculating Cronbach's alpha (α), and factor analysis was done for the validity of the questionnaire. Mean (±SD) for total QOL score was 54.3 (±9.3). The death and dying facet had the maximum mean score, whereas the minimum mean score was calculated in the autonomy facet. Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient for the overall QOL score was calculated as 0.86 which shows good internal consistency of the items in the questionnaire. To measure the construct validity, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) by principal components analysis (PCA) was performed on the 24 items of the WHOQOL-OLD module, and a six-factor model was identified. Satisfactory goodness-of-fit statistics were found on the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). QOL is a multidimensional concept. The Hindi version of the WHOQOL-OLD module is reliable and valid. QOL in the elderly population can be measured by using the WHOQOL-OLD module in India.