Cronbach Alfa Research Articles

Psychometric proprieties analyses of psychological vulnerability scale for secondary school students.

The concept of psychological vulnerability is associated with the individual's maladaptive cognitive beliefs, such as self-criticism, perfectionism, and the need for external validation and approval, reducing the individual's ability to cope with negative life experiences. This study aimed to explore psychometric proprieties of the Psychological Vulnerability Scale in secondary school students. A psychometric study was conducted with a non-probabilistic sample of 1,875 secondary school students (55.5% female) aged 15 to over 18 years. Participants completed a self-report questionnaire that included demographic information, the Psychological Vulnerability Scale, and a Positive Mental Health questionnaire. Analysis revealed acceptable skewness values (between -0.557 and 0.6385) and kurtosis (ranging from -1.29 to -0.704). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) indicated excellent global fit indices, confirming the original structure. Invariance testing between genders demonstrated that the Psychological Vulnerability Scale was consistent for boys and girls (configural invariance) and that each item contributed similarly to the construct (metric invariance). The Psychological Vulnerability Scale showed good internal consistency, with an ordinal Cronbach's alfa above 0.70. Reliability estimates, including inter-item reliability or MacDonald's Omega, indicated mean item-inter correlations falling within the recommended range of 0.15-0.50. The Psychological Vulnerability Scale is a reliable tool that allows health professionals to assess the psychological vulnerability of individuals in both clinical (e.g., hospitals, health centers) and non-clinical (e.g., schools, universities) contexts throughout the life cycle (e.g., young people, adults, and older adults).

Barriers for work in people with multiple sclerosis: a Norwegian cultural adaptation and validation of the short version of the multiple sclerosis work difficulties questionnaire.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is associated with high rates of unemployment, and barriers for work are essential to identify in the regular follow-up of these people. The current study aimed to culturally adapt and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Norwegian version of the Multiple Sclerosis Work Difficulties Questionnaire-23 (MSWDQ-23). Following backward and forward translation, the Norwegian version of the MSWDQ-23 (MSWDQ-23NV) was completed by 229 people with multiple sclerosis (MS). Validity was evaluated through confirmatory factor analysis and by associating scores with employment status, disability, and health-related quality of life outcome measures. Convergent validity was checked by correlating MSWDQ-23 scores with alternative study measures. Internal consistencies were examined by Cronbach's alfa. A good fit for the data was demonstrated for the MSWDQ-23NV in confirmatory factor analysis, with excellent internal consistencies also demonstrated for the full scale and its subscales (physical barriers, psychological/cognitive barriers, external barriers). The MSWDQ-23NV subscales were related in the expected direction to health-related quality of life outcome measures. While higher scores on the physical barriers subscale was strongly associated with higher levels of disability and progressive MS types, higher scores on all subscales were associated with not working in the past year. The Norwegian MSWDQ-23 is an internally consistent and valid instrument to measure perceived work difficulties in persons with all types of MS in a Norwegian-speaking population. The MSWDQ-23NV can be considered a useful tool for health care professionals to assess self-reported work difficulties in persons with MS. The Norwegian MSWDQ-23 scale should be examined for test-retest reliability and considered implemented in the regular follow up at the MS-outpatient clinics in Norway to support employment maintenance.

Factors affect progressive sperm motility.

In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effects of age, body mass index, and diet factors on sperm parameters and developing a novel index (Artuklu Sperm Quality Index [ASQI]). The study incorporated a total of 115 patients who sought medical attention due to infertility and underwent semen analysis (spermiogram). The ASQI score was developed. About 73% reported eating three meals daily, while 62% consume fruits a few times a week. When considering grain consumption, 30% rarely do, mirroring the 25% who never do. Carbonated drinks are consumed a few times in 15 days by 39% of respondents. Salt consumption showed 47% taking very little, whereas 42% consume caffeine very minimally. Sausage/salami is minimally consumed by 44%, and 32% of participants reported never being exposed to air pollution. ASQI score ranges from 6 to 61 point. A lower score indicates good nutrition and quality of life, while a higher score suggests deteriorating nutrition and increasing unhealthy habits. Cronbach alfa value was noted as 0.72. A negative correlation was found between ASQI and sperm progressive motility (p < 0.001, r = -0.405). This study revealed a clear negative correlation between the ASQI score, which signifies deteriorating nutrition and escalating unhealthy habits, and sperm progressive motility.

Knowledge, attitudes and practices of Italian general practitioners on food supplements

Abstract Background Food supplements are widely used, but they can be dangerous if used inappropriately, as they often interaction with patients’ treatment. Their misuse has public health and patient out-of-pocket expenditure implications; general practitioners (GPs) play a central role in managing patient safety. This study aims to investigate the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of Italian GPs’ toward the use of food supplements. Methods From March to April 2024, an online survey was conducted via the EU-Survey platform among Italian GPs invited through their professional organization. The 62-question survey, adapted from a tool used among pharmacists, comprises two sections: A) KAP questions (28 true/false, 34 on a 5-point Likert scale) and B) socio-demographic questions (i.e. age, sex, years of experience, urban/extra-urban environment). Survey reliability was evaluated using Cronbach alfa and responses were analysed to look for differences between sub groups using Kruskal Wallis Test. Results 202 GPs participated in the survey, 46.0% were male, 53.5% female and 0.5% non-binary, with a mean age of 47±2 years. The majority (70.3%) came from an urban environment and 54.9% worked in group medicine. Only 53.5% of GPs showed an adequate knowledge of the topic (more than 60% of correct answers), with a mean of 18 correct answers. The overall reliability of the test was evaluated as acceptable (alfa&amp;gt;0.7). The 99.5% of GPs interview agreed (score 4 or more on the Likert scale) that they have an important role in food supplements prescription and 98% are involved in life styles counselling activities, but only 66.3% felt they have adequate formation on the topic. No statistically significant differences between population groups were found (p &amp;lt; 0.05). Conclusions Although GPs have recognized their key role in prescribing food supplements, there seem to be a general lack of knowledge on the subject that requires targeted educational interventions to ensure patient safety. Key messages • Food supplements are often taken by patients because they are under the impression that these products are always and completely safe. • Clinical recommendations for the use of food supplements are much more limited than their actual use.

EFFECTIVENESS OF GRATITUDE INTERVENTIONS IN SCHOOLS TO INCREASE SENSE OF SCHOOL BELONGING TO HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS

A sense of school belonging that tends to be low has an impact on problematic behavior at school, so effective psychological intervention is needed. One form of intervention carried out is gratitude intervention. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of gratitude interventions in increasing the sense of school belonging of high school students. This study uses a quantitative approach with the type of experimental research, and the design used is a pre-experimental one group pretest-posttest design. The research was conducted on students of SMA Negeri 5 Soppeng with 34 students. The determination of research participants was using the purposive sampling technique. Data were obtained by filling out the Psychological Sense of School Membership (PSSM) scale before and after the gratitude intervention. The validity of the PSSM scale was calculated using the Aiken's V test and obtained a coefficient of 0.88, while the reliability test used Cronbach's Alfa, with a reliability coefficient value of 0.86. The data analysis technique uses the N-Gain score test. The results showed that the average score of sense of school belonging before the intervention was 40.15, while after the intervention it increased to 73.5, the results of the hypothesis test using the difference index (N Gain Score) recorded an increase of 55.9. Thus, the hypothesis in this study is accepted, which means that gratitude interventions in schools are quite effective in increasing the sense of school belonging of high school students.

WORK-LIFE BALANCE (WLB) OF TEACHERS IN PANDEMIC

Work-life balance has been a global issue for decades. During this pandemic covid-19 lock-down which compelled everyone to work from home (WFH) it became a challenge for all professionals to make a balance between work and life. In this paper researcher focused on WLB of teacher fraternity in lock-down in order to find out the impact of lock-down on teacher’s personal life as well as professional life. The researcher also tends to study the advantages and disadvantages of WFH and changing habits of people in lock-down. The researcher has used the Cronbach Alfa method for reliability testing while frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation methods for descriptive analysis. Hypotheses are tested by using one sample t-test. It is found that most of the teachers experience a positive impact on their mental well-being, physical well-being &amp; personal life also in WFH during lock-down. But in the case of professional life and changing habits, it is negatively impacting most samples. Lock-down reduced various expenses significantly in case of individual budgets.

Developing a Conceptual Model for Da‘wah Literacy Index (DLI)

Da‘wah illiteracy has been the primary cause of the common practice of Islam in Indonesia. However, this issue needs to be addressed in academic works and the measurement of da'wah literacy. Therefore, this research aims to develop a model of the da'wah literacy index. This study employs qualitative content analysis approaches and focuses on group discussion to create a quantitative model. Furthermore, a quantitative method of Pearson and Cronbach Alfa is used to test the validity and reliability of the model. The developed measurement consists of 2 dimensions with ten variables and is measured by 39 indicators. The model validity test shows a p-value of less than 0.05, and the reliability test is more significant than 0.60. Thus, it indicates that the model is significantly valid and reliable. This research is theoretically important in the literature on Islamic studies, notably for understanding the measurement of da'wah literacy in Muslim society.

Psychometric properties of the positive mental health questionnaire: short form (PMHQ-SF18) in young adults.

Positive Mental Health (PMH) plays a pivotal role in the promoting of mental health. Assessing this phenomenon is essential for early recognition and intervention in mental health. To date, only one tool was validated with 39 items to assess PMH among Portuguese young adults. This study sought to examine the psychometric properties of the short version of the Positive Mental Health Questionnaire (PMHQ) among Portuguese university students. The PMHQ Short Form was administered to a sample of 3,647 university students via an online platform. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed. The principal factor solution was employed because some items showed higher levels of kurtosis. Multivariate analysis was tested using the Mardia's Test, Henze-Zirkler, and Royston. Findings of content, construct validity tests, and Cronbach's alfa demonstrated the satisfactory validity and suitable reliability of the PMHQ-Short Form (PMHQ-SF). The exploratory factor analysis produced six dimensions of the PMHQ-SF with three items in each factor demonstrating adequate internal reliability. The global internal consistency was 0.92, with factors ranging between 0.60 to 0.82. The results suggest that the PMHQ-SF is reliable, easier, and more practical to complete by university students due to the shortening of the number of items. The PMHQ-SF is useful for assessing positive mental health in young adults. The final version of the instrument contains from 32 to 18 items.

The cooperative learning in the English Speaking – fluency development

The present research is based on cooperative learning in the English-speaking fluency development. Taking into account the students‟ English level from the language center at Universidad Technical de Cotopaxi; group work activities are proposed to encourage students to produce the language orally without fear of making mistakes while speaking. In addition, the application of this teaching method provided confidence, reliance, and support enough to reach their personal goals and improved their linguistic competences, social skills and the use of the English language. The use of dynamic activities in class showed the students‟ abilities to solve problems among them, providing mutual respect and interaction while working and learning together. A survey was applied to carry out this research and it was analyzed through the Cronbach Alfa. In addition, a pretest and posttest were applied at the beginning of the semester and after of the implementation of cooperative learning activities that helped students to work in groups and to communicate between classmates in a better way.

An empirical study on differences between self-assessed and measured real risk in online behaviour

As the leading cause of security breaches is human susceptibility to hackers' deception, the riskiness of an individual's online behaviour and low awareness regarding privacy protection significantly influence the overall security of an information system. Thus, this study aimed to compare self-assessed and measured real risk in online behaviour among online users. The additional aim was to modify the questionnaire by replacing the existing trick question about password quality with the new questions on accepting the terms and conditions. An international online Behavioral Cognitive Internet Security Questionnaire (BCISQ), validated in previous studies, was used for data collection. The examinees involved in this study were 278 students from different faculties. The results showed a relatively high level of risk in online behaviour, as 22.7% of examinees revealed their passwords. In comparison, only 10.8% read the consent statement. Students who behave in a riskier manner self-assess themselves as being significantly safer in online behaviour, which is contradictory. They also performed worse in all other examined variables. The new version of the simulation subscale, with improved internal consistency and reliability (Cronbach's Alfa=0.810), consists of only three items, which are questions used in the previous version, without adding any of the two tested trick questions. Generally, this study concludes that, on average, information security awareness is still low among online users and that even the ones realistically acting riskier believe they are acting more safely.

Adaptation of the parents' sleep knowledge inventory to the Turkish language

It's critical to identify sleep disturbances from the earliest period in childhood. For this reason, parents should have sufficient information about their children's sleep habits. The purpose of this study was to adapt the Parents' Sleep Knowledge Inventory (PSKI) to the Turkish language and examine the reliability/validity of the inventory. 182 children between the ages of 3 and 12 with typically developing and developmental disabilities participated in the study. The participants were evaluated with the Parents' Sleep Knowledge Inventory and Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ). After the translation stage, internal consistency (with Cronbach alfa) and test-retest reliability (with Intraclass Correlation Coefficients) of the PSKI were calculated. The validity of PSKI was analyzed according to the correlation with CSHQ. The internal consistency of the PSKI was determined to be acceptable for the total inventory (Cronbach's alpha=0.774). The test-retest reliability values were found to be extremely high (Intraclass Correlation coefficients=0.977). There was a weak correlation between PSKI and CSHQ domains (p&lt;0.05). It was determined that the Turkish PSKI had acceptable reliability however, its validity could not be demonstrated in this study. We think it may be due to the differences in the focus of these inventories. Turkish PSKI is an appropriate tool to evaluate the parents' knowledge of sleep in children with typically developing and developmental disabilities.

Assessment of the Frequency, Causes, Degree and Consequences of Violence against Health Workers in Psychiatric Institutions.

(1) Background: The prevalence of workplace violence within the health sector varies between 50 and 88%. Depending on the health care environment, the percentages mentioned can be much higher. (2) The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, characteristics, factors, and consequences of violence against healthcare workers (physicians, nurses, and technicians) in psychiatric institutions in the Republic of Serbia. Additionally, this study should validate the Serbian version of the aggression questionnaire, which could be a significant tool in recognizing and assessing any type of violence against health care workers in psychiatric institutions. (3) Methods: This study was designed as an observational questionnaire study that included 191 health workers (physicians, medical technicians, workers in kitchens or maintenance, and others) from three psychiatric institutions. As an instrument, this study validated and used the Serbian version of the aggression standardized questionnaire. We observed the primary and secondary outcomes of potential violence in psychiatric institutions against healthcare workers using different parameters. (4) Results: The internal consistency of each item as well as the instrument was very good (the mean Cronbach alfa = 0.91). A total of 104 of the participants never experienced physical violence, while more than five times that had 20 health workers (10.5%). We observed the statistical significance of gender, age, working status (permanent/limited) and professional status (physician/medical technician/worker etc.) on physical attack incidence. (5) Conclusions: The incidence of violence against healthcare workers is very high, especially in terms of physical assault and threats in the workplace. The majority of the victims were women who work as medical technicians, attacked by male patients with unknown motivation. A number of changes in the structure and organizational culture of the hospital are required. All hospital employees, employers, patients, and their families share responsibility for the creation of a safe workplace.

Fostering Self-Directed Praxis in Student Teachers: Investigating the Advantages of a Pedagogical Intervention for Augmenting Autonomy

The 21st century requires students to develop information education and thinking skills, including creative and critical thinking and problem-solving skills. However, the current classroom culture does not encourage self-directed learning. A study was conducted with Baccalaureus Educationist (BEd) pre-service teachers from the North-West University in South Africa to investigate the effect of Habits of Mind, Thinking Maps, and Six Thinking Hats on the development of self-directed learning skills. A non-probability sampling method was employed to select a convenient and purposeful sample of 277 students who volunteered and specialised in Business Studies, Economics, Accounting, and History. The participants completed the Self-Rating Scale of Self-Directed Learning (SRSSDL) of Williamson's questionnaire to evaluate participants' self-direction in learning. A quantitative-descriptive survey and qualitative phenomenological research were used to triangulate the data. The study found that the self-directed learning awareness of first- and fourth-year student teachers marginally increased. The proposed model fit the data well; all variables contributed statistically and practically significant correlations. Quantitative analytical tools were employed to determine the reliability of all constructs by calculating the Cronbach Alfa values. The study also found that self-directed learning enhanced academic achievement in first- and fourth-year students. A Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), was conducted on the pre-test data (n = 277) of this study to assess how well the proposed model fits the data. All the variables contribute statistical significance to the model (p-values of all the regression coefficients &lt; 0.05), and all the correlations between the constructs are practically significant. Improvements in SRSSDL scores were investigated using dependent t-tests. The participants valued teaching strategies that accommodate varied learning requirements and provide flexibility and autonomy. The study highlights the importance of a nurturing learning environment that challenges and fosters individual growth. It also emphasises that self-directed learning does not occur in isolation but thrives in environments that offer coherence and independence. Overall, the study contributes to the understanding of self-directed learning and provides insights for teachers on promoting and supporting this skill among pre-service teachers.

The Level of Psychological Hardiness Among Volleyball and Swimming Players in Jordan: A Comparative Study

This study aimed at identifying the level of the psychological hardiness among the volleyball and swimming players in Jordan. It also aimed at identifying the effect of the (type of game) variable on the psychological hardiness among the players. The researchers applied the descriptive method in its survey form, as the sample consisted of all the male and female players of the first division volleyball clubs (n=126), and male and female swimming players (n=18) who are enrolled in the 2022/2023 sports season. The researchers constructed a questionnaire to measure psychological hardiness, which consisted of three domains (Challenge, commitment, and control), and was distributed over 15 items. The data processing was carried out using the means, standard deviations, analysis of variance and Cronbach Alfa.&#x0D; The results showed that the psychological hardiness level among the volleyball and swimming players was high, and that there were no statistically significant differences of the hardiness level among the volleyball and swimming players ascribed to the (type of game) variable.&#x0D; In the light of the results, the researchers recommended to affirm the significance of the psychological hardiness among the volleyball and swimming players, and to hold courses and workshops to introduce the significance of the psychological hardiness among the players.

Study for the validation of an instrument for foreign language learning

The purpose of instrument validation is to guarantee precision and validity of the collected data obtained from scientific research, survey and evaluations. The purpose of the present work was the making and validation of a survey to evaluate the level of the receptive and communicative skills of the English language acquired in the pupils at the Escuela Superior de Tepeji del Rio, in the administration program to be more specific. For this purpose, qualitative methodology of the Delphi technique was used. This process is intended to obtain a consensus among a group of experts on a specific topic and to validate the internal consistency, the calculation of the Cronbach alfa coeffient was used in a sample of 61. The alpha coefficient value closer to 1 indicates a greater internal consistency among the ítems. Out of the results through the Delphi technique, feedback and consensus among the ones who checked and evaluated the components was obtained. The calculated Cronbach's alpha coefficient resulted in (0.83), which corroborates the reliability and validity of the instrument. The contribution is the instrument to be used inside the institution with the intention of determining the potential in the development of the communicative skills of the English language.

The Health and Functional Age Trend Self-assessment of the Older Workers and Retirees in Ukraine from Online Data Human Health Passport in COVID-19 Pandemic

For a general health assessment of the workers in organized industries, and unorganized groups of the unemployed and retirees, systematic online health monitoring has been used. Health monitoring includes a scale assessment of functional tests. The actual state of population health is still not included in the registers of National Statistics of Ukraine for example workers, pensioners and unemployment. The purpose of the study was systemic online health monitoring, to assess the impact of professional, demographic, and socio-economic factors in the Covid-19 pandemic condition and the limited capacity of the health care system in Ukraine. Methods: The study used the intrinsic capacity assessment scales, the five-question scale to detect muscle dysfunction in older persons, as well as some questions regarding residual performance, psychophysiological methods, and characteristics of the functional age. The questionnaire Human Health Passport 1.1 includes 70 questions; 21 of them were assessed by 1 point for positive answer and zero for negative case. The screening was carried out online on social media to Internet users aged 31 to 90. In the study 377 respondents of which 83.83% were employees. The Human Health Passport screening showed reliability (Cronbach alfa = 0.737), and correlation relationships of the main estimated indicators are significant. So, 54% of respondents do need health care under a physician’s supervision. The 39% of respondents need should convey the proper individual schedule of workout and labour hours, as well as physical activity and breathing exercises because only 7% of respondents are healthy. Correlation analysis of the scale results showed a significant relationship between age, with static balancing, falls during the last 6 months, and the ability to 5 times sit to stand test within 14 seconds. The optimal management of Human Health Passport screening helps to reduce the harmful influence on the environment, and transport expenses for doctor visits and saves the doctor's time for patient examination and prevention of the exposure and the spread of COVID-19. The screening showed the existing reserves of training for health promotion and, the overstrain of the functional systems of the body in the working population - 76%—by the purpose. _________________________________________________________________________________________ Keywords: remote health screening; retirees; biological age; ageing; elderly workers

Implementation Challenges of Corporate Social Responsibility Programs among Commercial Banks in Uganda

The purpose of this survey was to establish the implementation challenges of corporate social Responsibility (CSR) programs among commercial banks in Western Uganda using the case of Absa Bank Mbarara. In this study, descriptive research design was adopted where qualitative and quantitative approaches of data collection were used. Both questionnaire survey and interview methods were used to collect data from staff of Absa Bank. To ensure validity and reliability, research instruments were pretested and appropriate strategies taken. The content Validity index was used for validity while Cronbach Alfa was used for reliability. Using both qualitative and quantitative methods, the findings portray negative perception by the public, competition and financial challenges as major hindrances of CSR programs among commercial banks in Western Uganda since they are profit making financial institutions. The study concludes that commercial banks use community related programs as their CSR programs. The study encourages commercial banks to partner with other organizations such as civil society organizations and the government in funding CSR activities since they are essential for the improvement of wellbeing of the people.

Investigation of The Measurement Invariance of Affective Characteristics Related to TIMSS 2019 Mathematics Achievement by Gender

This research examines whether the affective characteristics of the TIMSS 2019 Turkey mathematics application provide measurement invariance according to gender. The research sample consists of 4048 8th-grade students participating in the TIMSS in 2019. Research data were downloaded from the international website of TIMSS. The research data collection tools are “Sense of School Belonging”, “Students Confident in Mathematics”, “Students Like Learning Mathematics”, and “Students Value Mathematics” scales. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were performed in the context of validity analyses to examine measurement invariance. In terms of reliability, the Cronbach Alfa internal consistency coefficient was calculated. Accordingly, out of the four scales in the study, only “Students Confident in Mathematics” scale could not be confirmed in confirmatory factor analysis. Therefore, while “Students Confident in Mathematics” scale was not examined for measurement invariance, the other three scales were examined within the scope of measurement invariance. For measurement invariance, research data were tested with Multiple Group Confirmatory Factor Analysis (MG-CFA), one of the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) techniques. As a result of the analyses, while the strict invariance model was provided in “Students Like Learning Mathematics” scale and “Students Value Mathematics” scale, strong invariance/scale invariance model was provided in “Sense of School Belonging” scale. It was concluded that there was no gender bias in the three scales for which MG-CFA was performed, and the mean scores were comparable according to gender. In this context, it can be said that “Sense of School Belonging”, “Students Like Learning Mathematics”, and “Students Value Mathematics” scales are valid in determining the differences according to gender.

Utilization of podcast and students’ learning attitude at the universities in Ekiti state

The study investigated the perception of learners on the relationship between the utilization of educational podcast and the attitude of students at the universities in Ekiti State. The study adopted descriptive survey research design. The population for the study was the undergraduates at the universities in Ekiti State, Nigeria. An accidental sampling was used to select 300 students at the universities. Two research questions were answered in the study. Two hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. The instrument used to collect data for this study was a questionnaire titled Podcast and attitude of Students towards learning (PASLQ). The validity of PASLQ was ensured through face and content validity. This was done by two Tests and measurement and one of Educational Technology experts. The reliability of PASLQ was established through Cronbach Alfa with a co-efficient 0.81. The research questions raised in the study were answered using descriptive statistical tool of frequency counts and percentage while, the research hypotheses formulated in the study were tested using inferential statistics of simple correlation and linear regression. The study found that the extent to which students utilized educational podcast at the universities in Ekiti, Nigeria is low, the level of students’ attitude towards learning through Podcast at the universities in Ekiti, Nigeria is high, there is significant relationship between the students’ utilization of educational podcast and students’ attitude towards learning at the universities in Ekiti, Nigeria and that educational podcast significantly predicts the attitude of students towards learning at the universities in Ekiti State. The study recommended that curriculum developers, school authority and university lecturers should integrate podcasting into the curriculum planning, provide devices needed for podcasting and implement the use of podcast for instructional purposes so as to improve students’ attitude towards learning.

Determination of the degree of burnout syndrome in engineering student-workers of the UTCH

The aim of the following article is to identify the degree of burnout syndrome in engineering students from the evening shift, who work full time in the morning. The objective is to obtain accurate data to improve the tutorial action plan from UTCH. The research starts from the hypothesis that engineer students from the evening shift, who work, experience a high degree of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and difficulty in personal fulfillment (Burnout). To achieve this, 175 Test «Maslach Burnout Inventory» (MBI), were administered and analyzed using the categorization by summation of classes to determine the level of burnout among students. The categories are validated individually using Cronbach Alfa, resulting in scores above 70%. The items are analyzed individually and in groups according to their category and dispersion in respect to normality. Finding validity in the research generates significant contributions to improve the strategies of the Tutorial Action Program and therefore address the socioemotional necessities of the students