Critical Thinking Skills Test Research Articles

PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA DENGAN STRATEGI HEURISTIK POLYA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA

The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in students' critical thinking skills after receiving learning with the Heuristic Strategy compared to the critical thinking abilities of students who received mathematics learning with conventional learning, and how students' attitudes toward learning mathematics with Polya's heuristic strategy were. This study used an experimental method on the entire population of class VII students of SMPN 1 Muara Bungo, while two classes were randomly selected as samples. The instrument used in this research is a test of students' mathematical critical thinking skills and attitude scale. The test used is a description type test. The results of this study can be concluded that: (1) the mathematical critical thinking ability of students who receive mathematics learning with Polya's Heuristic Strategy is better than students who receive conventional learning models; and (2) students have a positive attitude towards learning mathematics by using Polya's Heuristic Strategy. From these conclusions, the authors suggest that Polya's Heuristic Strategy can be used as an alternative for teachers to carry out the teaching and learning process in the classroom and similar research be conducted to reveal understanding abilities in other mathematics subject matter, which were not examined in this study.

Prediction of academic performance based on learning style and critical thinking among medical students

This study aimed to understand the medical sciences students’ critical thinking (CT) and their learning styles and investigate the relationship between academic performance and the both mentioned variables. A descriptive analytical study was conducted on 469 medical sciences students in Ardabil University of Medical Sciences using the Kolb's learning styles and California's CT skills test (Form-B). Cumulative grade point average was considered as academic performance. The data were analyzed with SPSS 18 and using Chi Square test, Independent t-test, one-way ANOVA and Pearson correlation test with a significant level of p<0.05 . The mean of academic performance was 15.9±1.7 . The popular learning style among students was assimilative style. Results showed significant relationship between academic performance and learning style. Significant relationship between academic performances of students with the total CT skills was not found, but significant relationship was seen between academic performance and deductive skill only. Learning styles changed in different semesters among medicine and dentistry students from an abstract-reflexive style to a concrete-active one. Using appropriate, active and collaborative teaching methods can help to improve learning and students' academic performance.

Impact of The STEM approach with formative assessment in PjBL on students’ critical thinking skills

Critical thinking skills (CTS) are skills that need to be developed in the 21st century. However, building students’ CTS through a STEM approach with formative assessment in project-based learning (PjBL-STEM-AF) is rarely done. This study aims to investigate the impact of STEM-AF in PjBL in constructing students’ CTS in the topic of fluid statics. This study used a quasy experiment with a pretest-posttest control group design with students of class XI in Malang, Indonesia, as subjects. PjBL-STEM-AF model and the PjBL model was applied to the Experimental and Comparison classes, respectively. Students made two projects, namely a pressure element HARTL and a simple boat project. The research instrument was 9 essay items of critical thinking skills test with a reliability of 0.625. The data were analyzed by t-test, N-gain, and d-effect size. The results showed that the CTS in the Experimental class with a mean of 65.19 and an increase of 0.52 (medium) was significantly higher than the comparison class with 52.36 and 0.35 (medium). Experimental class’ students have different levels of improvement on the likelihood and uncertainty analysis indicator. However, the two classes had almost the same increase in the indicator of problem-solving and decision-making, and an increase in the low category on the hypothesis testing indicator. The value of effect size at 1.13 (Very Large category) suggests that PjBL-STEM-AF learning should be done more frequently in the field. The Experimental class students gave a more positive learning response than the Comparison class. It is recommended in future studies to add an “Art” aspect to the STEM approach to develop students’ CTS further.

Application of Problem Based Learning Model to Mathematical Thinking Ability

This research is a pre-experimental research that aims to determine differences in the mathematical critical thinking skills of class VIII students of MTs Hj. Haniah before and after the application of the problem based learning model. The design of this research is quantitative research with one group pretest-posttest design, the population in this study were students of class VIII MTs Hj. Haniah with samples taken randomly or simple random sampling, namely class VIII A with a total of 21 students. The data were collected using a test of students' mathematical critical thinking skills and an observation sheet on the implementation of the learning model that has been validated by the expert. The research data were analyzed descriptively and inferential with the normality test as the prerequisite test for analysis and paired sample t-test as the hypothesis test. The results of data analysis showed that the mean pre-test was 51.9 while the post-test mean was 74.14. Based on the paired sample t-test, the significant value was 0.000&lt;α= 0.025 . The results of this study indicate that there are differences in the mathematical critical thinking skills of class VIII students of MTs Hj. Haniah between before and after the problem-based learning model is applied to the material pattern and object navigation

Peran Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Siswa di Sekolah Menengah Pertama pada Materi Sistem Pencernaan

Critical thinking skills are higher order thinking skills that should be developed in schools, in line with the objectives of the 2013 revised curriculum which prioritizes 21st century skills as a provision for future life. This study aims to analyze and classify the level of students in constructing critical thinking skills. The research 1 subjects 1 were 28 students of class VIII B SMP Negeri 6 Ngawi for the academic year 2020/2021. Data collection was carried out through interviews and critical thinking skills tests. The method used was descriptive qualitative. The critical thinking skills test instrument was 5 essay questions consisting of 5 indicators. The results of the critical thinking skills test were declared valid in terms of the 1 results 1 of 1 validation, level of difficulty, differentiation, and reliability. The analysis was carried out on the student test results on each indicator and categorized into five critical thinking categories consisting of very good ( VG), good (G), m edium (M), low ( L), and very low (V L). The results 1 showed that 1 the highest percentage of indicators of critical thinking was obtained by 32% which were indicators of tactical strategy setting. Critical thinking indicators obtained by the lowest percentage of 8% were indicators of building basic skills. This prove s that critical thinking skills need to be further trained so that they can be improved in science learning and advance in the field of education.

Fostering Creativity and Critical Thinking in College: A Cross-Cultural Investigation.

Enhancing creativity and critical thinking have garnered the attention of educators and researchers for decades. They have been highlighted as essential skills for the 21st century. A total of 103 United States students (53 female, 24 male, two non-binary, and 24 non-reporting) and 166 Chinese students (128 female, 30 male, one non-binary, and seven non-reporting) completed an online survey. The survey includes the STEAM-related creative problem solving, Sternberg scientific reasoning tasks, psychological critical thinking (PCT) exam, California critical thinking (CCT) skills test, and college experience survey, as well as a demographic questionnaire. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) yields a two-factor model for all creativity and critical thinking measurements. Yet, the two latent factors are strongly associated with each other (r=0.84). Moreover, Chinese students outperform American students in measures of critical thinking, whereas Americans outperform Chinese students in measures of creativity. Lastly, the results also demonstrate that having some college research experience (such as taking research method courses) could positively influence both United States and Chinese students’ creativity and critical thinking skills. Implications are discussed.

The Effectiveness of Science E-Modules for Class VII Junior High Schools Based on Socioscientific Issues to Improve Students' Critical Thinking Skills

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of science e-modules for class VII junior high schools based on socioscientific issues to improve students' critical thinking skills. The type of research used is Pre-Experimental with one group pretest-posttest design. This research was conducted at SMP Negeri 2 Seririt in class VII A with a total of 30 students. Data were collected with 12 items of critical thinking skills test on global warming material through pretest and posttest. Data were analyzed using Paired Sample T-Test and gain score test. The Paired Sample T-Test was used to calculate the significance of increasing students' critical thinking skills, but the gain scores were used to calculate the increase in students' critical thinking skills. The results of this research showed that there was a significant difference in students’ critical thinking skills before and after used science e-module in learning (sig. &lt; 0.05). The normalized N-gain test also showed an increase in students' critical thinking skills with a value of 0.55 in the medium category. Based on the results of the Paired Sample T-test and the normalized gain score, it can be concluded that the e-module based on socioscientific issues is effectively used to improve students' critical thinking skills.

PENGARUH PENDEKATAN REALISTIC MATHEMATICS EDUCATION TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS MAHASISWA

Critical thinking skill is important to be developed in students as this skill has an important role in understanding problems. Critical thinking skills can be improved through the Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) approach as it prioritizes the process of doing mathematics in learning so that students can find mathematical concepts to solve a problem. This study aims to examine the positive effect of the RME approach on the critical thinking skill of Elementary School Teacher Education (PGSD) students at Universitas Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa (UST). This quasi-experimental study used the pretest-posttest control group design. It involved 76 students from the PGSD study program at Universitas Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa as samples. The number of samples was determined using the cluster random sampling technique. The data were collected by a critical thinking skills test with a total of five pre-test questions and five post-test questions. Then, the data were analyzed using the t-test to test the hypothesis. This study revealed that there is a positive effect of the RME approach on students' critical thinking skills with a significance level of 0.001 &lt; 0.05 which indicates that H 0 is rejected so that Ha is accepted.

Development of Inquiry-Based Mechanics Teaching Materials to Train Critical Thinking Skills for FKIP Physics Students, Universitas Pattimura Ambon

This research is to produce inquiry-based mechanics teaching materials to train critical thinking skills of Physics FKIP students, Pattimura University, Ambon. The research design used the Kemp model (1994) and the learning process was packaged in an inquiry setting with a total sample size of 26 students in the 2020/2021 school year. The data collected were in the form of teaching material validation data, critical thinking skills test instrument validation data, critical thinking skills data, and student response data. The data analysis techniques used include: qualitative descriptive analysis including: the results of validation of teaching materials, the results of instrument validation tests of critical thinking skills, the results of critical thinking skills, and the results of student responses. The results showed that: 1) the validity of the student teaching materials developed was categorized as valid; 2) the validity of the developed critical thinking skills test instrument was categorized as valid; 3) in the percentage of critical thinking skills there is an increase in value from pretest to posttest by more than 40%; 4) Student responses to teaching materials and the implementation of learning are very positive and the lowest percentage is obtained, namely 85% satisfaction with a very good assessment. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the development of inquiry-based mechanics teaching materials can train critical thinking skills of Physics FKIP students, Pattimura University, Ambon.

Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran Fisika Berbasis Masalah Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis

This study aims to develop problem-based learning tools to improve critical thinking skills that are valid, efficient, and effective for use in learning on harmonious vibration material. This research is a type of research and development (R&amp;D) with a 4D model. At the define stage, is the initial stage for defining the problem. The design stage, designing learning device products in the form of syllabus, lesson plans, student worksheet, critical thinking skills test instruments, and learning videos. The develop stage is the development of the device from the results of the validity of the learning tools obtained from the validation results of 6 validators consisting of 3 expert validators and 3 on validators. The practicality or efficiency of the learning device is obtained from the responses of students and the learning implementation sheet. Increased critical thinking ability of students to analyze by determining the standard acquisition of the results before and after learning. The results of the validation show that the learning device components are in the very valid category for the syllabus and valid enough for lesson plans, student worksheet, critical instrument test skills, and video learning which means that they are good enough to be used in learning Reliability of the syllabus, lesson plans, student worksheet, critical thinking ability test instruments, and learning videos above 75% show all components that are in the reliable category. The results of student responses, as well as the implementation of learning are in the very practical category. Student learning outcomes have increased with a acquisition value of 0.66 which is in the medium category. Based on these results, it can change valid, efficient and effective problem-based learning tools used to improve students' thinking skills. The last stage is to disseminate the dissemination stage of the device where at this stage it is done by making journals to send

Effects of a curriculum integrating critical thinking on medical students’ critical thinking ability in Iran: a quasi-experimental study.

PurposeImproving physicians’ critical thinking abilities could have meaningful impacts on various aspects of routine medical practice, such as choosing treatment plans, making an accurate diagnosis, and reducing medical errors. The present study aimed to measure the effects of a curriculum integrating critical thinking on medical students’ skills at Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran.MethodsA 1-group pre-test, post-test quasi-experimental design was used to assess medical students’ critical thinking abilities as they progressed from the first week of medical school to middle of the third year of the undergraduate medical curriculum. Fifty-six participants completed the California Critical Thinking Skills Test twice from 2016 to 2019.ResultsMedical students were asked to complete the California Critical Thinking Skills Test the week before their first educational session. The post-test was conducted 6 weeks after the 2 and half-year program. Out of 91 medical students with a mean age of 20±2.8 years who initially participated in the study, 56 completed both the pre- and post-tests. The response rate of this study was 61.5%. The analysis subscale showed the largest change. Significant changes were found in the analysis (P=0.03), evaluation (P=0.04), and inductive reasoning (P<0.0001) subscales, but not in the inference (P=0.28), and deductive reasoning (P=0.42) subscales. There was no significant difference according to gender (P=0.77).ConclusionThe findings of this study show that a critical thinking program had a substantial effect on medical students’ analysis, inductive reasoning, and evaluation skills, but negligible effects on their inference and deductive reasoning scores.

Analysis of Students' Critical Thinking Improvement in Teaching Inquiry with Cognitive Conflict Strategies

This study aimed to analyze the improvement of students' critical thinking skills in teaching inquiry with cognitive conflict strategies. Quasi experiments were conducted in this study. The research sample was twenty students as physics teacher candidates at a private university in West Nusa Tenggara - Indonesia. The critical thinking skills test instrument in the form of essay questions is used to measure students' critical thinking skills. The analysis of increasing of critical thinking skills was analyzed descriptively with the n-gain equation, and the difference in critical thinking skills between the pretest and posttest using a pair t-test which was preceded by homogeneity and normality tests. The results of the n-gain analysis showed that the increase in students' critical thinking scores was in the moderate category. Qualitatively, the increase in scores from pretest to posttest in a row is from not critically to enough critically. The results of this study imply that inquiry teaching with cognitive conflict strategies has the potential to be implemented in classroom teaching for the purpose of improving students' critical thinking skills.

Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Fisika Berbasis Masalah untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis

Abstract: This study aims to develop problem-based learning tools to improve critical thinking skills that are valid, efficient, and effective for use in learning on harmonious vibration material. This research is a type of research and development (R&amp;D) with a 4D model. At the define stage, is the initial stage for defining the problem. The design stage, designing learning device products in the form of syllabus, lesson plans, student worksheet, critical thinking skills test instruments, and learning videos. The develop stage is the development of the device from the results of the validity of the learning tools obtained from the validation results of 6 validators consisting of 3 expert validators and 3 on validators. The practicality or efficiency of the learning device is obtained from the responses of students and the learning implementation sheet. Increased critical thinking ability of students to analyze by determining the standard acquisition of the results before and after learning. The results of the validation show that the learning device components are in the very valid category for the syllabus and valid enough for lesson plans, student worksheet, critical instrument test skills, and video learning which means that they are good enough to be used in learning Reliability of the syllabus, lesson plans, student worksheet, critical thinking ability test instruments, and learning videos above 75% show all components that are in the reliable category. The results of student responses, as well as the implementation of learning are in the very practical category. Student learning outcomes have increased with a acquisition value of 0.66 which is in the medium category. Based on these results, it can be learned that problem-based learning tools are valid, efficient and effective for use in learning and problem-based learning models that affect students’ critical thinking skills. The last stage is to disseminate the dissemination stage of the device where at this stage it is done by making journals to send. Keywords: Development of problem-based learning tools, critical thinking skills, harmonious vibration

Assessing the Critical Thinking Skills of Students at Higher Secondary Level

The ultimate aim of education is to develop human beings in such a way that they can act beneficial for themselves as well as for the society and can think well and think critically. Development of critical thinking skills is the fundamental aim of education. The present study intended to assess the critical thinking skills among students at higher secondary level in the province of Punjab, Pakistan. The study is quantitative in nature. Population of the study comprises students enrolled in higher secondary level in Punjab. Multistage sampling technique was used to select the sample. A self-developed multiple choice item test was used to assess the critical thinking skills among students. Expert opinion was taken to validate the test and reliability coefficient was 0.86. It was found that majority of students did not perform satisfactory on the critical thinking skill test and scored low on all dimensions of critical thinking skills. The study concluded that curriculum and teaching methodologies along with assessment practices are not worth inculcating critical thinking skills among students. The study recommended that curriculum at higher secondary level might be redesigned and development of critical thinking skill through teaching methodologies might take into consideration by the institutes.

IDENTIFIKASI KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA PADA PEMBELAJARAN IPA DI SDN GUGUS 1 KECAMATAN DUREN SAWIT

Abstrack: This study aims to determine the identification of students’ critical thinking skills in science learning at SDN Gugus 1 Duren Sawit District. This study used a quantitative descriptive research method using survey method. The research population was SDN Gugus 1 Duren Sawit District and the sample was SDN Duren Sawit 02, 10 and 14 Pagi. The sampling technique was cluster random sampling. The data was collected by using critical thinking skills tests, interviews and documentation. The results showed that the average of critical thinking skills in SDN Gugus 1 students Duren Sawit District was 35,14 in the moderate category. The average score of critical thinking in SDN Duren Sawit 02 Pagi was 39,74 in the moderate category, SDN Duren Sawit 10 Pagi was 34,91 in the low category, and SDN Duren Sawit 14 Pagi was 30,78 in the low category. The highest furthemore indicator of critical thinking in SDN Gugus 1 Duren Sawit District, namely SDN Duren Sawit 02 Pagi the average score was 39, 74 in the moderate category, SDN Duren Sawit 10 Pagi got an average score of 34,91 with the low category and SDN Duren Sawit 14 Pagi have an average value of 30,78 in the low category, while the results of the study on the average of each indicator show that the highest indicator in SDN Gugus 1 Duren Sawit District on the indicator provides further explanation with an average score 38 and the lowest indicator in SDN Gugus 1 Duren Sawit District on indicators og managing strategies and tactics with an average score of 31.

Improving Students’ Critical Thinking Skills Trough Contextual Teaching and Learning Science Module

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the science module based on the contextual learning approach (CTL) in improving the critical thinking skills of junior high school students. The research method used was a quasi-experimental study involving 30 students in the experimental class and 30 students in the control class from a junior high school in Surakarta. The data collection technique was done by measuring students' critical thinking skills before (pretest) and after learning using the Science module (posttest). The instrument used was a critical thinking skill test based on Facione's critical thinking skills indicator. The improvement of students 'critical thinking skills was analyzed using a pretest-posttest gain score and followed by an independent sample t-test to determine the significance of the difference in the average increase in students' critical thinking skills. The results showed that the use of a science module based on a contextual learning approach could improve students' critical thinking skills, with a score of 0.46, or in the category of moderate improvement compared to control class students, with a score of 0.29, or in the low improvement category. Meanwhile, based on the results of the t-test the average gain score of the two classes shows a significant difference in the improvement of critical thinking skills between students who are taught using the Science module and students who are taught using conventional modules.

The effectiveness of STEM approach on students’ critical thinking ability in the topic of fluid statics

Critical thinking is a skill which ranks first in STEM activity in the 21st century learning, whereas research about the effectiveness of STEM approach implementation to increase students’ critical thinking ability (CTA) is still limited. The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness between 7E LC and STEM-Based 7E LC models on increasing students’ CTA in the material of Fluid Statics with a quasi-experiment research and Pre- and Post-test Design. The subject of the research was senior high school students in Malang, Indonesia, which was distributed in Experiment (STEM-LC) and Comparison (LC) classes. The Experiment class planned, made, and tested 2 engineering products, namely a miniature of hydraulic lift and submarine. Critical Thinking Skills Test instrument was used with the alpha Cronbach reliability of 0.94. The data was analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test, N-gain, Mann-Whitney U test, ANCOVA, and effect size. This research found that both models were effective in building students’ CTA. Furthermore, the enhancement in students’ skill was affected by the different initial state and the different treatment of learning. However, both are independent of each other. STEM-LC model resulted in significantly better CTA in students than LC model. However, STEM-LC model was more effective than LC. The field practice of the STEM-LC method had a medium impact than the LC method in increasing students’ ability.

THE PROFILE OF EFL TEACHERS’ CRITICAL THINKING ON PROFESSION DESCRIPTORS

This research aimed to explore the average score of senior secondary school EFL teachers’ critical thinking on profession descriptors in Kabupaten Kayong Utara. The design of this research is descriptive study in which the total sample are 10 EFL teachers determined by homogenous purposive sampling that is taken the full time in service teachers or civil servants only. This research used an online critical thinking skill test in reading and alternative choices form as data collection tools which consisted of 16 questions, specifically for inference, assumptions, deductions, interpret the information and evaluate the arguments in a row are 4, 4, 2, 2 and 4 questions. Data have been collected then are specified into categories of skills based on the average score. The research findings indicated that the EFL teachers’ critical thinking skills in category of highly skilled in 57,5%. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the EFL teachers’ critical thinking in North Kayong is proficient.Keywords: EFL teachers, critical thinking, profession descriptors.

Analysis of Critical Thinking Ability of Class X IPA High School Students in Solving Story Questions in terms of Gender and Mathematical Ability

The purpose of this study was to describe the critical thinking skills of class X high school students in solving story problems in terms of gender and math abilities. This research was conducted in the even semester of 2020/2021. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive research type. The subjects in this study consisted of 3 male students and 3 female students with different mathematical abilities selected based on test results and consultation with subject teachers. The used Instruments in this study were critical thinking skills tests and interviews. The results of this research are (1) male students and high mathematical abilities meet aspects of interpretation, analysis, evaluation, inference, aspects and self regulation well. Meanwhile, female students with high mathematical abilities are able to complete aspects of interpretation, analysis, evaluation, and inference well; (2) Male students and their mathematical abilities are meeting the aspects of interpretation, analysis, and inference well. Meanwhile, female students and moderate math abilities were able to complete interpretation, analysis, inference, and explanation well; and (3) male students with low math ability are able to solve aspects of interpretation well. Meanwhile, female students with low math abilities were able to complete aspects of interpretation and analysis well. For further researchers, it is necessary to research at a higher level with more research subjects or on other variables.

The Correlation Analysis Between Critical Thinking Skills And Learning Outcomes Through Implementation Of Guided Inquiry Learning Models

The 21st-century learning process highlights the critical thinking skills concept. Critical thinking has the highest chance of impacting students' learning outcomes. One of the learning models to increase critical thinking skills was guided inquiry. This research aimed to analyze the correlation between critical thinking skills and learning outcomes on reaction rates topic using the Guided Inquiry learning model. This research used a correlational design. Subjects were students of SMA Negeri 1 Krian class XI MIPA 6 odd semester in the academic year 2020/2021 as many as 34 people. The data were obtained using the observation sheets instrument for the implementation of the guided inquiry learning model, the critical thinking skills test sheets, and the learning outcomes test sheets. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and linear regression analysis used (α) 0.05. The results indicated that there was a significant positive correlation between critical thinking and learning outcomes on reaction rates topic using the Guided Inquiry learning model. The correlation regression equation obtained between the two variables is Y = -16.575 + 1.170X with reliability value 76,3%. The N-gain score obtained for each indicator of critical thinking skills and learning outcomes ≥ 0.7 at high criteria.