Critical Comments Research Articles

Some Personal Reflections on the History and Current Status of Textbooks in the Field of Death, Dying, and Bereavement.

This article is a contribution to recording one dimension of the history of education in the field of death, dying, and bereavement. It offers some personal reflections on the history and current status of textbooks in our field that have been or are currently published in North America. The scope of this reflection looks back on the earliest textbooks in this field published in the 1960s and 1970s and extends to textbooks published in the early 2020s. Critical comments are offered on general trends or on textbooks that are no longer in print, but not on individual titles that are currently available for adoption and instructional use. Because I am the lead author of one such textbook, I do not choose to engage in invidious comparisons. Instead, this article includes descriptions of contemporary textbooks taken from the Amazon website.

The myth of Gorgo/Medusa in ancient written sources

The present article reports all ancient writers and poets who dealt with the Gorgoneian head and the Gorgon-Medusa related myth presented in a chronological order basically during the 1st millennium B.C. from Homeric epics to late antiquity of Fabius Planciades Fulgentius and Ioannis Malalas in the 5th and 6th c. A.D. Essentially it is a discussion on the ancient written sources, based on the original texts. Especially for the most ancient sources - such as Homer, Hesiod, Cyclic epics – and references were made to known scholars in the field of philology. Particularly critical discussion and comments are made, along with the investigation of the primary ancient writing sources, as well as the related iconography. The final conclusions show the degree of influence of ancient written sources on art, but also vice versa, that is, how much art influenced ancient texts.

Perché la «sociologia pubblica» resta controversa

The public sociology promoted by Burawoy has met with consensus and skeptical voices over time. The debate has focused mainly on the model of disciplinary division of labour and on the interactions between the different types of sociology. In the scientific community, however, the implications connected to the concrete implementation of public sociology have been discussed in a fragmented way. Starting from the contributions on the topic found in the Italian debate, this article proposes a reflection on the problematic aspects connected to the construction of the sociologist’s relationship with the public. The critical comments concern both traditional and organic public sociology. The article also raises objections regarding some epistemological assumptions of the public sociology conceived by Burawoy, highlighting the possible misunderstandings that derive from them. In the conclusions, attention is drawn to the potentially fruitful contributions that can come from some developments in public social research.

Evaluating Abuse of Young Adults’ Bodies in Collins’s The Hunger Games

The bodies of young adults are vibrant and seductive. They view their physical selves as “being in the world.” Social structures and grownups detest the physical activities of the young adults. Thus, the present study looks at many circumstances and causes of young adult’s bodily abuse in Suzanne Collins’s The Hunger Games. In this article, it examines how and why the Capitol’s authority mistreats the bodies of young adult characters like Peeta and Katniss. It also looks into the motivations behind the young people’s plans to mistreat their bodies. In order to maintain their power and influence over adolescents, this study makes the case that adults and societal institutions mistreat young adults’ bodies. In the process of exercising power, the adults view the young adults as competitors and formidable opponents. Additionally, it argues that rather than deterring young adults from acquiring their freedom, individuality, and maturity, physical violence encourages them. The study draws on theoretical ideas and readily available critical comments from scholars who specialize in young adult writing and conceptions of the body, including Roberta S. Trites, Tayaba Moeen et al., and Heather Y. Swanton et al., for its analytical purposes. Lastly, by focusing on abuse, the study hopes to introduce a fresh perspective to the study of the body, young people, and young adult texts.

Occurrence, analysis and removal processes of emerging pharmaceuticals from waters for the protection and preservation of a sustainable environment: A review

Pharmaceuticals are a group of man-made commercial and synthetic products and an important mainstay of modern society. However, their presence in aquatic environments is identified as a potential risk, causing harm to living things even at low concentrations ranging from ng L−1 to μg L−1. Due to their pseudo-persistence, bio-accumulation, and low elimination rate by conventional treatments, the majority of these xenobiotic contaminants and their metabolites are routinely released into the environment by sewage treatment plants and last longer in an aquatic environment. This review aims to provide an extensive report and a current state of knowledge concerning various classes of pharmaceutical compounds (PCs). It also discusses the occurrence, the analytical methods for the determination of PC micro-pollutants, and the remediation methods noted in recent literature focusing on the most recent advances. In this context, this review highlights the statistical data regarding the status of PCs in detection, analysis, and removal methods in aqueous media. In addition, this review provides an overview of the conventional and advanced technologies for the removal of PCs from water sources, offering critical comments, and discussing the challenges related to improving existing technologies for sustainable and eco-friendly management of water resources. It likewise emphasizes the importance of the combination of different treatment methods to reach up to 100% PC removal.Finally, gaps in the literature were found, and recommendations for further research were also cited in accordance with this paper. To the best of our knowledge, this review paper is among the rare works that deal with both: i) the analysis of large varieties of PCs in different water matrices, ii) the removal and identification of target analytes and their by-products generated during the elimination processes, and iii) the possible degradation pathways proposed by different studies.

Community Perceptions on Environmental Impact Assessments in the Construction of the Toll Road between Solo and New Yogyakarta International Airport, in Indonesia

Background and Objective: The development of toll roads between Solo and New Yogyakarta International Airport of Indonesia is part of the government's endeavor to improve the accessibility, connectivity, and capacity of inter-regional transportation networks in order to considerably boost economic growth through increased regional links. The research will analyze at the socio-cultural circumstances, social conflict, public health, and community views and attitudes about toll road building. Research Methods: This study employs a qualitative and quantitative technique, which involves in-depth interview observation processes. The data analysis comprises the identification, categorization, and interpretation of community opinions as perceived by 200 respondents from impacted communities. Results: The majority of respondents were male, 106 (53%), with the highest degree of education being senior high school a total of 118 respondents (59.50%). The majority of their jobs were as private employees number 84 respondents (42%), with an average salary of Rp. 3,195,000. The surrounding community is religious, with 106 respondents (84%) actively engaged in Islamic studies in a mutually beneficial atmosphere, and 171 respondents (88.5%). Conflicts in society are always addressed pleasantly, according to 198 respondents (99%). Theoretical and Practical Implications: The community does not oppose toll road building, according to 188 respondents (94%) since they feel it would serve regional interests. Environmental impact analysis is carried out in a proportionate manner by incorporating the community through public engagement. Implementation of public consultation throughout ten time periods. The outcomes of public consultations are utilized to provide supporting and critical comments. 42 community figures were chosen as members of the Environmental effect Assessment technical team, which was in charge of overseeing the execution of environmental effect management and monitoring. Changes in public views and attitudes about toll road development must be regulated and monitored to ensure that the public impression of toll roads remains favorable throughout construction. Recommendations: Project implementers are responsible for the impacts caused and comply with all detailed provisions in accordance with management and monitoring plan documents that have been approved by the Ministry of Environment.

Smart Sensing of Nerve Agents.

The recent international scenario highlights the importance to protect human health and environmental quality from toxic compounds. In this context, organophosphorous (OP) Nerve Agents (NAs) have received particular attention, due to their use in terrorist attacks. Classical instrumental detection techniques are sensitive and selective, but they cannot be used in real field due to the high cost, specialized personnel requested and huge size. For these reasons, the development of practical, easy and fast detection methods (smart methods) is the future of this field. Indeed, starting from initial sensing research, based on optical and/or electrical sensors, today the development and use of smart strategies to detect NAs is the current state of the art. This review summarizes the smart strategies to detect NAs, highlighting some important parameters, such as linearity, limit of detection and selectivity. Furthermore, some critical comments of the future on this field, and in particular, the problems to be solved before a real application of these methods, are provided.

Literary history as bestseller: the life and opinions of a fraudulent philologue

In this article we reveal the publishing ventures of Octav Minar (1886-1967), one of the Romanian authors that was disesteemed by fellow literary historians on account of his counterfeiting acts such as forgery, plagiarism, plastography or trick photography. Related to the book market of interbellum Romania, Minar was frequently branded as the “man-of-the-day” while his publications followed the logic of the “hand-in-glove” ephemerides Notwithstanding the challenges of the term “bestseller,” we turned to it so as to better describe Minar’s cultural products as multiple-layered offers, catering for both low-brow and high-brow readership and seizing signals from both public’s expectations (myth-making, melodrama, sensation, narrative simplicity) and enormous patrimonial gaps (editing the classics, writing the recent authors’ biographies). After a careful examination of Minar’s works, we reached the conclusion that he was an exceptional entrepreneur of letters and, nonetheless, a literary historian endowed with a “melodramatic imagination” as well as with a playwright’s and a genre novelist’s plume. A swift intuition of marketing basics helped him realize, quite rapidly, that historical facts and documents could be merchandized: this is how his impressive collection of Romanian writers’ miscellanea was wrapped as a commodity for the public. If the juridical and moral aspects of his literary ventures were put in between brackets, we would discover an astonishing and ingenious personality who glided between different speech registers, and popularized literary history as a genre belonging to the big tent of mass culture. We should thus take into consideration that the logic of the paraliterary circuit can also be applied to literary history. Boiled down to essentials, counting on citations and on minimal critical comments, spiced with images (facsimile and pictures), Minar’s literary histories had their share in speeding the process of cultural literacy of average Romanian readers and in institutionalizing literary ideas.

Predictors of expressed emotion among the caregivers of patients with severe mental illnesses attending a tertiary health facility in Kano

Background: Expressed Emotion (EE) measures the emotional climate between caregivers and patients with major mental disorders. High EE could trigger relapses in schizophrenia and other conditions. However, the factors influencing high EE were poorly understood, especially in Africa. This study explored the socio-demographic, personality, and patient-related predictors of high EE among caregivers in Kano. Objectives: The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of high EE and its associations with socio-demographic factors, personality traits, and patients’ illness characteristics. Methods: The study utilized a descriptive cross-sectional design, encompassing 270 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, each accompanied by their corresponding caregiver, totalling 270 caregivers. All participants attended the psychiatric clinic at Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital. The data collection process involved questionnaires and interviews, addressing socio-demographics, illness characteristics, personality traits, and expressed emotion (EE). Results: We analyzed the socio-demographic factors and EE of 250 patients and their corresponding 250 caregivers. High EE was prevalent (42.8%) due to critical comments and emotional over-involvement. Caregivers scored high on all personality traits, but only neuroticism correlated positively with EE (r = 0.130, p < 0.05). EE was lower for bipolar disorder than for schizophrenia (r = -.126, p < .05). EE also increased with patient symptoms, caregiver burden, and relapse frequency. Conclusion: Caregivers of patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder in Kano showed high expressed emotion (EE). However, none of the analyzed factors, including socio-demographic and personality traits, emerged as significant predictors of EE. Further research is needed to improve interventions and support strategies for caregivers of individuals with severe mental illnesses.

Highlighting the Aspects of Women Emancipation and Liberation in Ibsen’s The Dolls House and Hedda Gabler: A Comparative Feministic Approach

This research paper aims to investigate the aspects of women liberation and emancipation in Ibsen’s The Dolls House and Hedda Gabler. The Dolls House largely addresses a woman's yearning to forge her individuality and dignity in a world run by men. Review section illustrates the critical comments and reviews of notable literary authors and critics. Feministic and especially a radical feministic approach in The Dolls House and Hedda Gabler by Ibsen illustrates three goals in mind; Nora’s patriarchal struggles with the patriarchal world. To examine the types of conflict Hedda Gabler engaged in when battling over patriarchal worldview and to examine the types of challenges Hedda Gabler had in her battle with the ideology. However, the study uses content analysis to conduct a qualitative investigation with the help of textual references. Finally, the research concludes that Ibsen's unorthodox portrayal of women in one of his most notable social tragedies; The Dolls House & Gabler.

Advances in the Homogeneously Catalyzed Hydrogen Production from Biomass Derived Feedstocks: a Review.

Biomass‐derived feedstocks for hydrogen production are crucial as an alternative to fossil fuel especially in those areas where green electricity and clean water are scarce. In this framework the transformation of simple (formic acid, alcohols) and more complex (polyalcohols, sugars and cellulose) bio‐derivatives in pure hydrogen is recognized as a promising approach. Parallel to great effort in heterogeneous catalysis, milder molecular systems represent a more selective eye for alternative solutions and mechanistic insights. In the present review the introduction summarizes the challenges in the catalytic utilization of biomass‐derived feedstocks, followed by the advances in homogeneously catalyzed hydrogen production from different substrates which will cover formic acid, with oustanding efficiency with noble metals and promising results with earth abundant ones and alcohols and polyalcohols, with particular emphasis to the development of heterogenized systems, ligand assisted catalysts and bi‐catalytic synergistic solutions which allow to avoid base and to promote catalyst stability and recyclability. In the last part, description of hydrogen production from more complex substrates, such as sugars and cellulose, will show the role of molecular complexes in main and side reactions. Critical comments on the reported advances are provided along the whole discussion.

Credibility cues of conspiracy narratives: exploring the belief-driven credibility evaluation of a YouTube conspiracy video

ABSTRACT YouTube provides an exhaustive collection of videos that promote conspiracy narratives. Conspiracy narratives deviate from orthodox views and are grounded in non-falsifiable premises. This study aims to understand how people evaluate the credibility of conspiracy videos. Combining qualitative and quantitative methods, we examine the factors that affect users’ evaluations of the credibility of conspiracy videos in social-media settings. Qualitative findings show that users consider source, interaction, content, and their intent to follow-up on the topic as credibility cues. A quantitative analysis using a moon-landing conspiracy video as an example demonstrates that the role of credibility cues differs depending on pre-existing beliefs. Host and message cues are most relevant, with host cues more important for strong believers in the moon landing conspiracy and message cues more relevant for non-believers and moderate believers. The intention to follow up on the conspiracy topic mediates between credibility cues and users’ overall video credibility evaluation. Critical user comments about the video decrease this follow-up intention and thus contribute to a lower overall video credibility. People navigate conspiracy narratives based on information-related credibility cues, which are moderated by their previous beliefs and mediated by follow-up intention. Users who attribute credibility to conspiracy narratives perceive them as having high information quality, causing cognitive and conversational needs in users.

Preface

It is a great privilege for us to present the proceedings of ISAIME 2022 to the authors and delegates of the event. International Symposium on Advances and Innovation in Mechanical Engineering (ISAIME) is an international conference initiated by Badan Kerja Sama Teknik Mesin (BKSTM), the Indonesian National Organization on Mechanical Engineering. This event is hosted by the Mechanical Engineering Department, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, and held in Makassar, Indonesia on October, 13th 2022. This conference is an invaluable opportunity for academia and researchers to present and publish their works on the advancement of mechanical engineering and technologiesISAIME conference has three broad topics namely energy, advanced material, and design and applied mechanics. On this occasion, there were four distinguished keynote speakers and oral presentations by participants which brought great opportunities to share their recent research works and knowledge with each other.Peer review committees tirelessly delivered constructive critical comments to the authors to improve the quality of the presented papers. We are very grateful to the keynote speakers, reviewers, advisory committee, session chairs, and all the authors for their active participation and principal contribution to the success of this conference. We would also like to extend our thanks to the members of the organizing team for their hard work.List of Editors, Steering Committee, Advisory Board/Reviewer, Organizing Committee are available in this Pdf.

Learning by design: Enhancing online collaboration in developing pre‐service TESOL teachers' TPACK for teaching with corpus technology

AbstractIn this study, we integrated corpus technology in pre‐service TESOL (Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages) teachers' technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) development in corpus technology, termed corpus‐based language pedagogy (CBLP), and highlighted the collaborative effort for knowledge building among participants for TPACK development. The study examined the role of online collaboration in facilitating how pre‐service TESOL teachers developed their CBLP (TPACK in corpus technology) using a learning‐by‐design approach, enacted it in co‐designing lessons, revised their lessons and reflected on their collective knowledge building processes. Using a case study approach involving 33 participants, the study focused on both intra‐ and inter‐group interactions to understand the pre‐service teachers' learning dynamics/changes and unpack the interaction mechanism involved in online collaborative learning. To these ends, we collected data including CBLP group lesson designs, intra‐group data (interviews) and inter‐group peer critical comments and analysed them based on the two stages (comprehension and transformation) of Shulman's pedagogical reasoning. The results suggest that engaging in online collaboration, facilitated by the learning‐by‐design approach, is instrumental in enabling pre‐service teachers to learn corpus technology and expand their repertoire of teaching strategies. Our findings imply that both intra‐ and inter‐group collaboration modes are important to help pre‐service TESOL teachers holistically develop TPACK for language teaching. Similar implications may be applied to other subject‐specific TPACK training.Practitioner notesWhat is already known about this topic Teacher preparation programmes play a crucial role in developing pre‐service teachers' technological, pedagogical, and content knowledge (TPACK) TPACK integration into pedagogical practice and subject‐specific professional development opportunities are important for effective teaching, but there is a lack of research on subject‐specific TPACK development (eg, TPACK in language teaching) Online collaborative learning can support TPACK development, but most studies focused on intra‐group interactions with little attention to inter‐group interactions What this paper adds Introduces a new corpus‐based language pedagogy (CBLP) for TESOL teachers to help them develop TPACK in language teaching Presents an innovative two‐step training framework for developing TESOL teachers' TPACK in corpus technology Examines the role of online collaboration in developing pre‐service TESOL teachers' TPACK for teaching with corpus technology through learning by design Provides in‐depth qualitative data analysed both qualitatively and quantitatively to investigate the specific roles that intra‐group and inter‐group interactions play in shaping pre‐service TESOL teachers' CBLP development Develops an analytical framework comprising nine categories (under the comprehension and transformation stages of Shulman's pedagogical reasoning model) to code pre‐service TESOL teachers' TPACK development in corpus technology Finds that intra‐group interactions facilitate both comprehension and transformation stages, while inter‐group interactions predominantly facilitate the transformation stage of CBLP Implications for practice Emphasises hands‐on corpus‐searching skills and guidance on browsing corpora when designing CBLP lessons Encourages both within‐group and between‐group interactions in online collaborative learning to foster TPACK development for using corpus technology in teaching language subjects Considers incorporating similar approaches for developing other subject‐specific TPACK for other teaching subjects

Theory and Practice of Legal Liability for Environmental Offences: A Regional Aspect

Introduction. The XXI century is becoming not only an era of great discoveries and achievements, but also a time of extreme anthropogenic pressure the humans have on the various ecosystems. Alongside, the condition of all the natural components of the environment (water, forests, lands, air, etc.) deteriorates, which affects the human life and health, food quality, working and resting conditions. As soon as the state and society became aware about the danger of this trend, the various legal acts regulating the negative impact of the humans on the nature and containing a mechanism of ensuring the ecological rights of a person and a citizen began to be adopted. One of such ensuring mechanisms is the environmental liability institution, which envisages the liability of the environmental law breakers to be subject to the certain measures of the state coercion (of personal, property or organisational nature). The present article studies the efficiency of this mechanism. The aim of the paper is to investigate the general theory of legal liability for environmental offences, to express the authors' point of view on the debatable issues of improving the regulation thereof, as well as to demonstrate the dynamics of the environmental liability at the regional scale (in three Caspian regions). Materials and Methods. The research was carried out using the methods of scientific cognition commonly applied in Russia: general scientific (dialectical method) and specific scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, historical case-specific, logical, comparative legal, systemic methods and others). Results. Within the research the theory and practice of legal liability for environmental offences (in the frame of the criminal, administrative, civil laws) have been analysed. The authors have substantiated their point of view on the main debatable issues in the frame of each type of legal liability, expressed a number of critical comments regarding the concept of independent environmental liability, implying reparation of environmental damage. Cases of judicial practice for the regional level environmental offenses (in three Caspian regions of the Russian Federation — the Astrakhan region, theRepublics of Dagestan and Kalmykia) have been presented, the identified trends have been assessed. Discussion and Conclusion. The conducted research is important for the Russian legal science, since the efficiency of functioning the environmental liability institution is a condition for achieving the sustainable development goals and transition to the green economy, however its current state arises a number of doctrinal and practical issues. Among them could be distinguished: the insufficient activity of the Russian Federation subjects in development of the administrative liability sub-institution for the environmental offences, on-going problem of differentiation between the administrative and criminal liability, high latency of the environmental crimes, inefficient work of the law-enforcement authorities, insufficient elaboration of the issues of environmental damage reparation (e.g., harm to the health of citizens, compensation for the moral damage caused by the environmental offense, etc.). The study of judicial practice of three Caspian regions made it possible to conclude that within their boundaries there is no distinct specificity that would differ them completely from the other subjects of the Russian Federation having access to the sea or located in the large river basins. The same as in the other regions, the cases of soil, water and air pollution; poaching; the nature reserve protection regime violations; negligence of the owners towards the sunken vessels; restricted access to the shores of water bodies, etc. are quite widespread here. In these regions the specificity of liability lies not in the statistics of the separate offenses, but in the need to combat the environmental offences at the scale of the whole Caspian Sea, which requires coordination and political will of the Governments of all five littoral states (Russia, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan and Iran).

Modern digital hydrography and the new international hydrographic organisation bathymetric survey standards

The current state of the International Hydrographic organization bathymetric survey Standards S44 (6.1.0) is examined in this study. The introduction of the S44 survey Standards fourth edition in 1998 heralded the beginning of a new era of modern digital hydrography based on the concept of the survey orders resulting from implementation of the Global Navigation Satellite Systems of positioning and hydrographic information systems. The fundamental changes between the 4th and 6th editions of the Standards for Hydrographic Surveys (S-44) are described. The differences between the 5th and 6th editions of the Standards for Hydrographic Surveys (S-44) are evaluated. Particular attention is paid to the conceptual evolution of such definitions as “bathymetric model” and “ features detection”. The main new S44 (6.1.0) survey Standards paradigm became the concept of “bathymetric coverage” and the rejection of the “ full sea floor coverage” concept which was introduced in the previous 5th edition. Introducing the “bathymetric coverage” and “ feature search” notions in the 6th S44 (2022) survey Standards provides the possibility to avoid the implementation of such previously important hydrographic definition as “line spacing”. It is especially emphasized that the introduction and combined application of such definitions as “bathymetric coverage”, “ feature detection” and “ feature search” necessitate the usage in the 6th S44 (2022) survey Standards of the new special tool named “specification matrix”. This tool is important for hydrographic survey drafting taking into consideration the various stakeholder requirements as well as providing a short hydrographic survey description. The introduction of gridding concept in hydrography provided in the S44 (6.1.0) survey Standards for the first time is also mentioned. Critical comments on the interpretation of gridding methods provided in the annex D which are not considered as the part of the Standards are presented. Some recommendations concerning general quality control requirements and survey posteriori quality control provided in the annex C and B are also commented on. It should be especially emphasized that three last editions of S44 Standards use the “standard deviation” term without specifying its confidence level for position uncertainty (Total Horizontal Uncertainty — THU) calculation. The position uncertainty (2D) quantities are stated as “standard deviation” multiplied by coefficient 2.45. The “standard deviation” term needs additional explanation and clarification; it should not be confused with the widely used term «position standard deviation =distance root mean squared». It is also pointed out the insufficient study of the 3D hydrographic technology provisions presented in the 6th S44 survey Standards edition associated with the alternative method of sea level correction determination based on the precise ellipsoid (geodetic) heights measurements of the tide gauges benchmarks and chart datum using GNSS observations. The necessity of inclusion of the requirements for survey posteriori quality control as the result of survey data post-processing, using statistical comparison of check lines crossing the regular lines, is substantiated. Finally, the urgency of developing new Russian hydrographic standards and specifications based on IHO S44 (6.1.0) on the basis of modern technology is emphasized.

Critical Comments by Food and Drug Administration Reviewers on Patient-Reported Outcomes in Food and Drug Administration Regulatory Submissions (2018-2021)

ObjectivesThis article examined the inclusion of patient-reported outcome (PRO) data in new drug applications (NDAs) submitted to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and approved from 2018 to 2021. The importance of assessing PROs, which capture patients’ perspectives on the disease and treatment experience, has been underscored by many stakeholders, including regulatory authorities. Despite the increasing inclusion of PRO assessments in registration trials, inclusion of language related to PRO results in approved product labeling varies widely. MethodsThis study examined FDA submission packages for NDAs approved by the FDA from 2018 to 2021 to identify critical reviewer comments related to PROs. Comments were identified and categorized by the type of criticism. Reviewers considered both oncology and nononcology indications. ResultsAssessment of PROs was included in 66.2% of the 210 submissions reviewed. Critical comments were identified in 45.3% of these applications; comments most commonly related to statistical analysis considerations, fit for purpose, and study design. Other categories of critical comment included data quality, lack of treatment benefit, administrative considerations, and miscellaneous issues. Differences were observed between oncology and nononcology NDAs with regard to the number and type of comments included in each of these categories. The findings highlight the importance of planning statistical analyses, establishing content validity, carefully considering study design, maximizing data quality, and demonstrating treatment benefit, among other issues. ConclusionsOverall, this study offers insight into the landscape of PRO data included in recently approved NDAs, along with recommendations for improving the quality and reporting of PROs in clinical trials.

Reply to “Comment on Comparison of direct and indirect measures of transport efficiency in single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry” by H. Goenaga-Infante

This paper provides a rebuttal to the comments on our original research article entitled “Comparison of Direct and Indirect Measures of Transport Efficiency in Single Particle ICP-MS” recently published by Goenaga-Infante in Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy.The intent of our study is not to condemn the dynamic mass flow (DMF) method but rather to explore the use parameters under which it can and cannot be applied. As explained in the original paper, the goal of this study is to evaluate the ranges of use conditions under which measures of transport efficiency (TE) yield accurate and reproducible results for spICP-MS measurements of particle number concentration (PNC) and particle size (diameter, PS) of various gold nanoparticle (AuNP) suspensions. The evaluation was performed through a systematic comparison of three methods for the measurement of TE: the particle frequency (TEF), particle size (TES), and DMF methods using three types of spray chambers operated at cooled and ambient temperature conditions and employing different ICP-MS platforms. While we appreciate thorough critical and constructive comments on our paper, we strongly disagree that the conclusions and highlights are not supported by the content and findings about the features and benefits of the DMF method.The discussion of three additional independent studies in this field by other spICP-MS expert groups that have been published after the submission of our manuscript is included in this paper. While the DMF approach has been used in two interlaboratory comparisons for TE determination in spICP-MS measurements of PNC, only one laboratory, namely the laboratory led by Goenaga-Infante, provided results using the DMF method in both projects. A method cannot be considered validated if successful results have only been demonstrated within one laboratory.The paper by Goenaga-Infante claims that the main use of DMF, the assignment of a SI traceable PNC value to new commercial nanomaterials (NMs), has not been highlighted explicitly in our original paper. The advantages and disadvantages of the DMF, TES, and TEF methods to measure TE were presented throughout the manuscript and are clearly summarized in the conclusion. The assignment of PNC that is metrologically traceable to the SI implies that all known or suspected uncertainty components including bias are taken into account. Our research shows that under some use conditions, the biases inherent to the DMF method are not yet fully understood and cannot be accounted for. While Cuello-Nuñez et al. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 2020, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ja00415g state that cooled conditions (2 °C) were used in their work, they do not define the level of bias that can be expected if different spray chamber temperatures are used, and they do not provide recommendations on the optimal use conditions that define the field of applicability of the DMF method. Furthermore, besides the use of a Scott-type spray chamber cooled to 2 °C, neither the composition material of the spray chamber nor the volume of the Scott-type spray chamber were specified. It is important to note that in our original research, fifteen of the nineteen experiments were conducted using a cooled spray chamber. Also, the four different ICP-MS platforms were used in the standard configuration and with additional spray chamber options encountered in common ICP-MS usage. The value of our work is that it extends the study of Cuello-Nuñez et al. to a wide variety of use conditions routinely encountered in spICP-MS analysis.

Preface

2023 The 6th International Symposium on Hydrogen Energy and Energy Technologies (HEET 2023) November 10-11, 2023, Osaka, Japan (virtual conference (ZOOM)) We are glad to introduce you that the 2023 The 6th International Symposium on Hydrogen Energy and Energy Technologies (HEET 2023) was successfully held on November 10-11, 2023.The vision of the HEET 2023 is a premier interdisciplinary platform for researchers, practitioners and educators to present and discuss the most recent innovations, trends, and concerns as well as practical challenges encountered and solutions adopted in the fields of Hydrogen Energy & Energy Technologies.During the conference, the conference model was divided into three sessions, including oral presentations, keynote speeches and online Q&A discussion. We have 5 keynote speeches, 1 invited talk and 20 oral presentations both from local and international presenters. The international presenters come from 20 countries and regions namely Russia, Saudi Arabia, Australia, Italy, Slovenia, America, China, Argentina, India, Poland, Nigeria, French and Taiwan. The time spent delivering the talks by each keynote speaker was 30 minutes, the oral presentation speaker was 15 minutes following by a Question Answer (Q & A) Session 5 minutes for each.We are thankful to all the authors who submitted papers and the delegates for their participation and their interest in HEET as a platform to share their ideas and innovation.Also, we are also thankful to all the committee members for providing continuous guidance and support and Efforts taken by peer reviewers contributed to improve the quality of papers provided constructive critical comments, improvements and corrections to the authors are gratefully appreciated for their contribution to the success of the conference.Dr. Jianjun CaiEditor of the HEET2023 ProceedingSchool of Architecture and Traffic EngineeringGuilin University of Electronic Technologycaijianjun@mails.guet.edu.cn https://www.guet.edu.cn/jjxy/info/1479/4165.htmList of Technical Program Committees are available in the pdf

Artistic installations in cities: the contemporary art by Henrique Oliveira, Regina Silveira and Ernesto Neto, raising sensitive awareness in people in daily urban lives

This article analyzes some artistic installations, designed for spaces within cities, expanding their field of exhibition, awakening the sensitive nature of people who live or walk in urban centers. The study highlights the frequent problems that affect cities, causing discomfort to the population, therefore, it observes the importance of contemporary art, which is installed in spaces and environments, as an efficient element to interpret aspects of daily life, through awareness and visual poetry. Therefore, three art installations were selected, produced by three Brazilian visual artists, such as Henrique Oliveira, Regina Silveira e Ernesto Neto, respectively in these cities: Porto Alegre/RS – 2009, São Paulo/SP – 2010 and Zurich/Germany – 2018. The choice and their respective artworks proposals, composed of distinct aesthetic characteristics and several materials, exemplifies the diversity of languages that contemporary art provides, precisely when the art installations are exhibited in cities, particularly in places where artists can create attractive artworks interacting with the public. Through critical comments regarding the chosen artistic works, the text introduces the magnitude of contemporary art as an object of multiple readings, capable of instigating and suggesting reflections. It concludes by highlighting the relevance of art as an element that reflects and interprets the world in constant transformation, re-educating and expanding the cultural repertoire, above all, showing how the artistic installations contribute to cities, raising sensitive awareness of the people in the face of problems that impact urban lives.