Price Criteria Research Articles

Unique traits of sports-related public procurements in the European Union

AbstractThis paper focuses on sports-related public spending in the Member States of the European Union (EU). Based on the public procurement database of the EU (TED), a sport-related public procurement database was built and analysed. Using data from 33 countries for the period 2017–2019, the paper describes the characteristics of sport-related public procurements. The research highlights that the public database is an adequate way of making the data on public procurements available, where traditionally the latency was high. The characteristics found for the eight most active Member States include a high proportion of construction works. There is a connection between countries and the dominant type of purchasing organisations, although the involvement of central purchasing bodies is not a game-changer in this area. Higher value contracts usually lasted for longer and the length of contracts has a strong connection to the contract types. Non-negotiated types of procedures show a far higher average contract value than negotiated procedure types. When the lowest price criterion was applied, the total procurement value was significantly lower.

Risk-Adjusted Loan Pricing

We analyze what are the main pricing components for performing loans. By exploiting a survey conducted by the authors in AIFIRM (2021), we provide empirical evidence about whether and to what extent various pricing criteria are related to interest income within the internal model framework. Our main findings are that banks’ interest income is positively related to the adoption of advanced internal risk-based models, the calculation of the break-even rate, and the implementation of the risk-adjusted profitability measures in the pricing, while it is negatively linked to higher market competition, a decentralized pricing function (allowing more customeroriented loans prices). The results make urgent to monitor and develop improve current risk models to support both central offices and the sales network in the process of formulating loan prices and monitoring the value consequently created.

The procurement form matters

The paper is devoted to the consequences of the choice among alternative procurement procedures in terms of cost and quality results of the complex projects implementation in the existing institutional environment of the Russian Federation. The empirical analysis, that was conducted on the procurement data in the field of metro construction within Federal law No. 223, showed that the auction’s form despite the higher indicators of the level of competition at the bidding loses its efficiency by price criterion with increasing contract complexity and demonstrates consistently lower relative savings rate compared to request for proposals in the case of procurement of design, construction, and repair works. Moreover, the auction is characterized by higher indicators of contract completion delays, which have a critical role in the implementation of infrastructure projects. The approaches proposed in the paper and obtained results may be useful in the formation of planning methods for a wide class of projects in terms of procurement activity organization.

An application for the selection of steel sheet materials used in automotive construction with the MOORA method

The new generation of steel grades that can be used in automotive construction is increasing day by day and the material selection becomes very important both in the design and manufacturing processes due to the development in the materials. In this study, data on tensile strength, formability, load that weld joints can bear, fatigue stress, corrosion resistance and price criteria of high strength low alloy (HSLA), dual phase (DP), three phase (TRIP) and complex phase (CP) steel sheet materials used in the automotive industry were determined and a study was conducted for the material selection using the MOORA (Multi Objective Optimization on the Basis of Ratio Analysis) ratio approach. It was concluded that the selection of DP grade steel sheet material according to the MOORA ratio approach among the materials used in the study would be the optimum choice.

Vendor Selection Analysis Based on AHP to Enhance Service Quality and Consumer Satisfaction at PT XYZ

In the midst of intense economic competition, all companies are required to improve their performance in order to maintain their existence in the business world. Not only must they be able to produce high-quality goods, but the company must also be able to provide extraordinary service to its consumers, especially companies engaged in logistics. One way to achieve the best service aspects is through selecting the right freight forwarding vendor. This study aims to determine the best vendor for PT. XYZ based on the most appropriate criteria using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. The qualitative method with a descriptive approach is the method used in writing this article with the results showing that the criteria that have the highest rating weights are the level of service criteria with 47%, the location criteria with 26%, the responsiveness criteria with 19% and the price criteria with 8%. After considering these four criteria, the sequence of vendors with the highest priority value is Vendor E with a total priority value of 0,59. Meanwhile, Vendor D and Vendor F occupy the second and third positions with a total priority score of 0,57 and 0,54.

Implementasi Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) dalam Pemilihan Supplier Chemical di PT Adis Dimension Footwear

Supplier selection is one of the most important things in the company's purchasing activities. The selection of suppliers must be done carefully; if done wrong, it can cause disruption to the company's operations. Supplier selection becomes a multi-criteria problem, which includes qualitative and quantitative factors. One method that can be used for supplier selection is the AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) method. This research was conducted at a footwear industrial company, PT. Adis Dimension Footwear. The problems found in this research are: Which chemical supplier will be chosen by PT Adis Dimension Footwear based on the AHP method? Then what is the order of priority criteria and sub-criteria in the selection of chemical suppliers at PT. Adis Dimension Footwear? The sample for this research is the decision-makers and the parties who are in the purchasing and warehouse departments and know the performance of suppliers. This study uses the AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) method. From the results of the research, the importance of the criteria in supplier selection produces the following weights: The first order is quality criteria with a weighted value of 0.6333. Furthermore, the second rank is the criteria for delivery time with a weight of 0.2605, and the third is the price criteria with a weight of 0.1062. The chemical supplier selected based on research using the AHP method is Grand Chemical, which has a total weight of 0.4285. Asia Chemical Supplier comes in second with a total weight of 0.4093. Binzhou Longfeng Chemical Supplier comes in third place with an overall score. Keywords: Supplier selection, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), footwear industrial, chemical supplier.

Performance Evaluation of Green Furniture Brands in the Marketing 4.0 Period: An Integrated MCDM Approach

This study aims to develop a framework that enables green marketing practices to regulate the performance evaluation criteria (GFBPC) of consumers and green furniture brands in the Marketing 4.0 period and to prioritize green furniture brands. The first stage was the literature review and decision-making group; it included GFBPC and the selection of three green furniture brands with the highest market value in Turkey. We then applied AHP to determine and prioritize benchmark weights, and TOPSIS to rank the performances of selected brands by GFBPC. We performed SA to test the accuracy of the findings. The results revealed that the Co-creation of Value and Pricing criteria have the highest value, and “Brand Y” is the best. Among the evaluation contributions of the study are a new understanding of green furniture performance criteria, and an integrated framework for new application methods for green marketing. With the Marketing 4.0 period, it is among the first of its kind to offer sustainable solutions to evaluate green marketing practices and increase the performance of green furniture brands in this regard. The results can help furniture industry stakeholders understand ways to compete in the green market and sustainable development.

FUNCTIONAL OUTCOME OF DISPLACED AND UNSTABLE DIAPHYSEAL FRACTURES OF BOTH BONES OF FOREARM IN CHILDREN TREATED WITH INTRAMEDULLARY KIRSCHNER WIRE FIXATION.

Introduction Diaphyseal fractures of forearm are very common in children. 90% of the fractures can be managed with closed reduction and cast immobilisation. Surgical intervention is needed in displaced, unstable fractures to prevent angulation and rotation deformity. This work is done to analyse the Functional outcome of displaced and unstable diaphyseal fracture of both bones of forearm in children treated with intramedullary kirschner wire fixation in Department of Orthopaedics, Adichunchanagiri institute of Medical Sciences,B G Nagara, Mandya. In ou Method r series of 30 cases there were 22 males and 8 females, maximum age of 12 years and minimum age of 3 years with mean age of 8.63 years. Fracture reduction and fixation were done with closed reduction and percutaneous nailing or mini open reduction and intramedullary fixation. Our average union time was 8.6 weeks and average kirschner wire removal time was 12.23 weeks. Patients were closely monitored for compartment syndrome and osteomyelitis. Th Results e functional outcome based on Price criteria was excellent in 83.3% (25) of cases, good in 10% (3) of cases and fair in 6.7% (20 of cases. There was no case with poor outcome. 2 patients had refracure other 5 patients had minor complication (pin tract infection(3 cases) , superficial radial nerve injury(1 case) and delayed union(1 case). From this study we consider that intramedullary kirschner wire fixation for unstable and displaced diaphyseal fracture of both bones of forearm in children is an excellent treatment modality. 1.Treatment of displaced and unstable diaphyseal fract Conclusion ures of the both bone forearm with Kirschner wires is an effective method of maintaining reduction 2.This is simple for fracture fixation with preservation of fracture haematoma. 3.Shorter period of surgery with minimal exposure . 4.Minimum invasive surgery with minimum expertise.

Implementation of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) Method In Determining Expedition Services at the Market Place

The delivery of goods is an important part, where the seller's efforts in sending the order package reach the consumer and become a satisfaction for consumers to be able to reason again. Decision-making is often faced with a number of confusing choices, especially in the selection of expedition services. The selection of acquisition services is the main point in supporting business processes. The purpose of this study provides more important criteria for determining alternative expedition services. This research used the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) Method. Pairwise comparison questionnaires are given to obtain the degree of importance of the criteria. Price Criteria are the highest criteria in this study compared to location criteria, services and responses. Meanwhile, the response criteria that have sub criteria for claiming goods are more important than the sub criteria for ordering and tracking goods while the service criteria where in the sub criteria for losing goods are a more important condition than damage to goods, speed of delivery criteria . These criteria are used to determine the best choice of expedition services so that from the calculation results of the three alternatives obtained the top ranking with a value of 0.546933. Keywords : AHP, Expedition Services, Market Place

Implementation of Analytic Hierarchy Process Method for Selection of Supplier of Flour Raw Materials in CV. Gangsar in Tulungagung

Purpose: This study also aims to determine suppliers who have the best performance in providing raw material supplies according to analysis and calculations using the Analytical Hierarchy Process method for CV. Gangsar.
 Design/methodology/approach: The type of research used in this research is quantitative with the Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) method, more specifically the Analytic Hierarchy Process method. This research is located in CV. Gangsar which is located on Jl. Demuk No. 37 Ngunut Village, Ngunut District, Tulungagung Regency, East Java. Sampling in this study used a non-probability sampling method with a purposive sampling technique. Data analysis technique using AHP.
 Findings: The results of the study indicate the criteria that can be considered to choose the best flour supplier for CV. Gangsar is price, quality, delivery accuracy, quantity accuracy, and customer care. Quality is the most important criterion with a weight of 0.326, then the price criteria with a weight of 0.289, then the criteria for accuracy of delivery with a weight of 0.171, then the criteria for accuracy of quantities with a weight of 0.140, and the last criterion of customer care with a weight of 0.074. Which flour supplier is the most appropriate to support the production performance of CV. Gangsar can be seen from the greatest weight. The highest weight is Indotapioka with a value of 0.378, followed by Sari Bumi with a weight of 0.330, and finally Sungai Budi with a weight of 0.292. Therefore, Indotapioka Jaya is the most appropriate company to support the production performance of CV. Gangsar. The company should use the research results as input when choosing the right supplier.
 Paper type: Research paper

Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pemilihan Komputer Mining Rig Dengan Metode COPRAS

Computer mining rigs are specially designed for only one purpose which is to mine crypto assets efficiently and effectively. Mining takes a lot of time, therefore it is very important to pay attentionto computers for mining. The better the quality of the PC or computer, the faster the mining processwill be. So far, consumers in choosing a mining rig computer only observe the mining rig computerwithout looking at special criteria such as price, motherboard, processor, VGA, power supply andRAM. COPRAS method assessment criteria include price criteria, motherboard, processor, VGA, powersupply and RAM.. The system development method uses a prototype, the system design uses UML andthe system manufacture uses PHP and MySQL. The results of the computer mining rig recommendationscalculated using the COPRAS method are 12 GPUs 381 mh/s with a value of Ui = 1,000, Rig RTX 2060with a value of Ui = 0,8157, Rig 6 x RTX 3060 with a value of Ui = 0,7108

SPK Pemilihan Pestisida Tanaman Bawang Merah Dengan Metode WASPAS

Farmers often have difficulty in choosing the pesticides to use. Where pesticide products are very widely circulated in the market and offer various advantages of each product, but farmers often experience incompatibility with what has been offered by each product. The inappropriate use of pesticides on shallots used by farmers can affect the yield of shallots. The WASPAS assessment criteria in the selection of pesticides on shallots consisted of price criteria weighing 40%, size criteria weighing 10%, area criteria weighing 30% and expiration criteria weighing 20%. The results of the recommendation for the selection of pesticides on shallots were obtained from the highest Q_i value. Of all the pesticides on shallot plants above, the highest Q_i value is Agrithane with a Q_i value of 0.897. Agrithane has the highest value because it has the lowest price where the price criterion has the highest percentage weight.

Decision Support System Menggunakan Analytic Hierarchy Process dan Analytical Network Process Pada Pemilihan Supplier Bahan Baku

This study aims to determine the best supplier for the selection of raw materials for NPK fertilizer based on three suppliers as an alternative in making supplier selection decisions with 4 criteria (price, quality, service, and delivery) and sub-criteria that have been determined and then arranged into a hierarchical structure. The use of Super Decision software which contains analytical capabilities from AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) and Analytic Network Process (ANP) can analyze priority and selectability levels by prioritizing the weight of each criterion against other criteria. the most influential in the selection of suppliers of raw materials for NPK fertilizer with the first priority being the quality criteria, the second priority being the price criteria, the third priority being the delivery criteria and the fourth priority being the service, based on the criteria and sub-criteria in the supplier selection being the main priority, supplier PT.A with the highest weight value 0.56492.

STRATEGI PEMILIHAN SUPPLIER YANG TEPAT PADA INDUSTRI PULP & PAPER

One of the pulp & paper industries in Banten differentiates between several suppliers based on fixed contract cooperation for main raw materials and irregular contracts for supporting raw materials. Cooperation with variable contracts often causes problems such as delays in delivery, product specifications and quantities of goods that do not match the ones ordered. This is because companies in selecting suppliers for non-fixed contracts still use conventional selection methods by determining criteria based only on price and quality of goods, but not based on consideration of other criteria or those that suit the company's needs. This often interferes with the progress of production process activities. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method is used to solve problems that occur as a strategy to determine the right criteria and suppliers. From the results of the analysis carried out using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method, it was found that the priority value of the Price criterion is 0.18; Shipping is 0.41; Quality is 0.28; and Responsiveness is 0.13. From the results of comparative weighting at the hierarchy level of the criteria, it was found that the highest priority value was on the delivery criteria of 0.41. With the best supplier is PT. A that gets a weighted value of 0.41; while the other two suppliers are PT. B receives a weighted value of 0.36 and PT. C of 0.22.

Implementasi Metode COPRAS Dalam Pemilihan Sepeda Motor

Interest in buying a motorcycle is certainly caused by various criteria, from the criteria of brand, model, type, price, engine capacity, transmission, braking, year of manufacture and fuel consumption. Of the many criteria, of course, makes buyers get a variety of choices according to their wishes. However, in practice, there are difficulties in determining the criteria in the selection of motorcycles because many consumers do not understand the criteria for motorcycles. The weight of the assessment criteria for the COPRAS method for choosing motorcycles are namely price criteria weighing 40%, fuel consumption weighing 30%, engine capacity weighing 20% ​​and year of manufacture weighing 20%. The recommendation results from the selection of criteria for the Honda brand, type of scooter, automatic transmission and single disc braking, the recommendation results obtained are Beat Street with a value of 1,000, Genio with a value of 0.995, Scoopy with a value of 0.929, Vario 150 with a value of 0.866, PCX with a value of 0.812 and ADV with a value of value 0.796.

Ranking of Factors Enhancing Consumer Purchase Decision of Pocket-Friendly Sized Beverages Packaging: An AHP Approach

The study investigates how consumers rank the factors that enhance the purchase decision of pocket-friendly sized beverages packaging using the Analytic Hierarchy Process. The study adopted a descriptive survey design. Of the total population of 314,797, the selected University students in Southwest, Nigeria, 384 respondents were sampled using the Multistage sampling technique using the Krejcie and Morgan, (1970) formula as a guide. Structured questionnaire was administered to the respondents, with a success response rate of 381 (99.22%). Data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Based on the AHP, the result of the data analysis stipulates that size is the highest-ranked purchase decision when selecting a beverage in this study, followed by dispensing mode and price. In the size sub-criterion, single-serve size was the most preferred pocket-friendly package among the students. In terms of mode of dispensing, it was discovered that students mostly preferred cutting the edge of the sachet of the package. Also, price fairness was the most important price criterion. Reliability and family income were the most ranked factors driving the perceived quality and students’ disposable income of the students respectively. The study concluded that single-serve size was the most preferred pocket-friendly package among the students. In terms of mode of dispensing, it was discovered that students mostly preferred cutting the edge of the sachet of the package. Also, in price criterion, price fairness was the most important price criterion, that affects students’ purchase decisions. Reliability and family income were the main factors driving the perceived quality and disposable income of the students respectively. It is then recommended that it is believed that pocket-friendly sized packaging will enable manufacturers to grow their market share and meet fast-changing market demands.

Limited Open Reduction and Transepiphyseal Intramedullary Kirschner Wire Fixation for Treatment of Irreducible Distal Radius Diaphyseal Metaphyseal Junction Fracture in Older Children.

ObjectiveThis study aimed to compare limited open reduction and transepiphyseal intramedullary fixation with Kirschner wire (LOR-TIKW) versus open reduction and internal fixation with plate and screw (ORIF-PS) for treatment of irreducible distal radius diaphyseal–metaphyseal junction (DMJ) fracture in older children.MethodsData of children (aged 10–14 years) treated in our hospital for distal radius DMJ fractures with LOR-TIKW or ORIF-PS from January 2018 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Follow-up was until radiographic union. Demographic, clinical, and radiographic data; treatment cost; healing time; functional outcome (by Price criteria); complications; and postoperative angulation and displacement were compared between children treated by the two methods. Statistical analysis was performed with alpha set at P < 0.05.ResultsA total of 26 children were included: 14 treated with LOR-TIKW and 12 with ORIF-PS. Operation time was less (22.1 min vs. 46.7 min, P < 0.0001), surgical incision smaller (2.43 cm vs. 5.00 cm, P < 0.0001), cost of internal fixation lower (US$, 40.6 vs. 2020, P < 0.0001), and healing time shorter (4.79 weeks vs. 5.64 weeks, P = 0.03) with LOR-TIKW; however, postoperative fracture angulation was slightly larger (1.07° vs. 0.83°, P = 0.85) and displacement slightly more (0.86 mm vs. 0.58 mm, P = 0.44) in the LOR-TIKW group. Rate of union, functional outcome, and complications were not significantly different between the groups.ConclusionFor irreducible DMJ fracture of distal radius in older children, LOR-TIKW appears to be a promising method with several advantages over ORIF-PS.

Application of Drug Supplier Decision Support System Using The Elimination Et Choix Traduisant La Realite (ELECTRE) Method

Pharmacies are decisive places in providing, distributing, and dispensing drugs need by the community. The high demand for drugs at the Crystal Farma Pharmacy Oebobo makes it difficult for pharmacists to choose more than one drug supplier. This study aims to build a decision support system for drug supplier selection. This system provides results in the form of recommendations for the best suppliers, which are taken into consideration by pharmacy managers. Application elimination et choix radiant la reality (ELECTR) method, using the criteria of price, discount, expiration date, stock, distance, and payment system for four drug suppliers. ELECTRE method resulted in the drug rating of Amoxicillin 500 Mg, namely PT. Indofarma Global Medika and PT. Enseval Putera Megatrading. In an experiment testing the calculation on the system using case data on as many as four types of generic drugs, namely Allopurnol, Amlodipine, Mefenamic Acid, and Paracetamol, the results of PT. Sapta Sari Tama a recommended for drugs Allopurinol and Amlodipine. At PT. Kimia Farma Trading &amp; Distribution a recommended for Mefenamic Acid and PT. Marga Nusantara Jaya is recommended for Paracetamol medicine. In black-box testing, getting the results of the overall functional percentage of the system using nine testing techniques is 100% successful. In user acceptance testing (UAT) testing, the user satisfaction level of the questionnaire method is 94% of the total respondents, four people and two pharmacies, namely Apotek Crystal Farma Oebobo and Apotek Crystal Farma Kuanino

A multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) tool for purchasing off-patent oncology medicines in Egypt

BackgroundMulti- criteria decision analysis (MCDA) can assist policymakers in objectively choosing between alternative therapeutic options based on multiple value attributes. Our aim was to create an MCDA tool for the national tenders of off-patent oncology medicines in Egypt.MethodsAn initial list of criteria was developed through a literature review complemented by local expert interviews. Price or cost-related criteria were excluded to abide by the national regulations of the tender process. Next, a workshop hosting diversified stakeholders representing different governmental bodies was held. Anonymous voting was used to rank and weigh the criteria as well as assigning scores. Price was added as a separate step to identify best option based on price per point. The tool was then tested on a national tender sample of off-patent oncology medicines to assess its performance, and it was readjusted accordingly in a second workshop.ResultsSeven non-price criteria were selected, including use in reference countries (23.49% weight), equivalence with the reference product (18.79%), manufacturing quality (15.53%), provision of pharmacovigilance services (12.94%), supply reliability (10.78%), previous use in local settings (9.8%) and macroeconomic benefit (8.67%).A medicine receives a score ranging from 0 to 100% of each criterion’s weight. The aggregated score is calculated on a hundred-point scale. Based on participants’ consensus, an overall score of 65 was set as a cut-off for passing the technical eligibility phase of the tendering process. Any product receiving a lower score would be disqualified from the tender. For qualified products, the lower price per point represents preferential option for the national tender.ConclusionsThe created MCDA tool is capable of objectively comparing similar off-patent oncology medicines by considering multiple value attributes and providing reliable scoring functions for each.

Main methodological principles of transfer pricing rules for financial transactions of the enterprises

The article examines the theoretical aspects of transfer pricing in Ukraine. Threats of offshoring the banking system of Ukraine to create conditions for the abuse of transfer pricing in order to optimize taxation are considered. The rules of transfer pricing for financial transactions were studied and systematized based on the study of the recommendations of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. Goal. The purpose of the study is to systematize the rules of transfer pricing for financial transactions in Ukraine to minimize the conditions for the erosion of the tax base of the participants of domestic financial and industrial groups. Methods. Research methods are general scientific methods of cognition, in particular, the article uses methods of empirical analysis to study the main concepts of research, comparison methods to compare legislative requirements regarding transfer pricing; graphic methods for building a structural and logical diagram of transfer pricing rules for financial transactions; methods of systematization and generalization for the systematization of transfer pricing rules for financial transactions. The results. The work outlines the shortcomings of the national legislation regarding the regulation of transfer pricing for financial transactions, identifies the risks of offshoring the banking system of Ukraine regarding the abuse of transfer pricing during financial transactions, systematizes the rules of transfer pricing for financial transactions, and characterizes the main methods of control over transfer pricing for financial transactions. The rules for the regulation of transfer pricing for financial transactions have been determined, which include: the exact delimitation of financial transactions, the assessment of treasury functions, cash pooling, financial guarantees, risk hedging and captive insurance. The mechanism for evaluating a financial transaction for its compliance with transfer pricing criteria is outlined. The rules and methods of assessing transfer pricing for financial transactions can be used to adapt domestic legislation to the global practice of transfer pricing regulation.