Success Criteria Research Articles

Technical and Clinical Outcome of Low-Milliampere CT Fluoroscopy-Guided Percutaneous Drainage Placement in Abdominal Fluid Collections after Liver Transplantation: A 16-Year Retrospective Analysis of 50 Consecutive Patients.

Evaluation of the effectiveness of CT-guided drainage (CTD) placement in managing symptomatic postoperative fluid collections in liver transplant patients. The assessment included technical success, clinical outcomes, and the occurrence of complications during the peri-interventional period. Analysis spanned the years 2005 to 2020 and involved 91 drain placement sessions in 50 patients using percutaneous transabdominal or transhepatic access. Criteria for technical success (TS) included (a) achieving adequate drainage of the fluid collection and (b) the absence of peri-interventional complications necessitating minor or prolonged hospitalization. Clinical success (CS) was characterized by (a) a reduction or normalization of inflammatory blood parameters within 30 days after CTD placement and (b) the absence of a need for surgical revision within 60 days after the intervention. Inflammatory markers in terms of C-reactive protein (CRP), leukocyte count and interleukin-6, were evaluated. The dose length product (DLP) for various intervention steps was calculated. The TS rate was 93.4%. CS rates were 64.3% for CRP, 77.8% for leukocytes, and 54.5% for interleukin-6. Median time until successful decrease was 5.0 days for CRP and 3.0 days for leukocytes and interleukin-6. Surgical revision was not necessary in 94.0% of the cases. During the second half of the observation period, there was a trend (p = 0.328) towards a lower DLP for the entire intervention procedure (median: years 2013 to 2020: 623.0 mGy·cm vs. years 2005 to 2012: 811.5 mGy·cm). DLP for the CT fluoroscopy component was significantly (p = 0.001) lower in the later period (median: years 2013 to 2020: 31.0 mGy·cm vs. years 2005 to 2012: 80.5 mGy·cm). The TS rate of CT-guided drainage (CTD) placement was notably high. The CS rate ranged from fair to good. The reduction in radiation exposure over time can be attributed to advancements in CT technology and the growing expertise of interventional radiologists.

Male sling adjustability: does it truly matter?

Patients with post prostatectomy incontinence (PPI) seem to have different needs. Therefore, device post-operative readjustability may be a beneficial feature in PPI management, even though it lacks study support. The purpose of this study is to describe our surgical technique for male sling (MS) implantation, assess outcomes, and the impact of readjustability. We performed a retrospective analysis of 89 consecutive patients who underwent PPI correction with MS Argus-T™ (Promedon, Córdoba, Argentina) from 2009 to 2021. The median follow-up was 48months (12-120). Data were collected in a dedicated database. Perioperative variables were assessed. A descriptive statistical analysis was performed. Clinical and urodynamic variables were correlated with the need for readjustments and success. In this cohort, objective success was achieved in 80.5% of the patients (65.9% cured and 14.6% improved). A total of 85.4% of the patients met the criteria for subjective success (74.4% cured and 11% improved). For the subgroup of patients who received previous treatment for urethral stricture (US), 79% achieved objective success (63.2% cured, 15.8% improved), and 84.2% achieved subjective success (78.9% cured, 5.3% improved). For the subgroup of patients who received previous radiotherapy (RT) before sling surgery, 68.7% achieved objective success (37.5% cured, 31.2% improved), and 75% achieved subjective success (37.5% cured, 37.5% improved). Procedures for device readjustment were necessary for 27.7% of patients in the total study population. RT and previous US treatment were predictive factors for the need of readjustment, with rates of 66.7% and 61.1% (OR: 8.46; CI: 2.46-29.00; p = 0.001/OR: 6.41; CI: 2.05-20.03; p = 0.001, respectively). MS adjustability improved success rates, especially among irradiated patients and those with previous US. RT was an adverse predictor of total continence status even after readjustments.

Penerapan Model Problem Based Learning Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Pada Materi Metamorfosis di Kelas IV SD Negeri 1 Tualang Cut

The results of this research indicate an increase in student learning outcomes in metamorphosis material in class IV SDN 1 Tualang Cut. This is proven by the results of research conducted in the first cycle posttest, 14 students (56%) received a complete score, while 12 people (45%) received an incomplete score, with an average learning result of 69.46. In the second cycle posttest, students' complete learning results increased to 24 people (92%) and 2 students (8%) did not complete it, with an average learning result of 90.11. Furthermore, from observing teachers' activities in implementing learning in cycle I, an average of 76.36% was obtained and in cycle II the results of teacher observations increased to 94.54%. Furthermore, from the results of observations of student activities in cycle I, an average of 69.09 was obtained and in cycle II the results of student observations increased to 94.54. The increase in learning outcomes occurred after improvements in actions in cycle II. The action was stopped in cycle II because it had reached the success criteria. Thus, the conclusion was obtained that by implementing the problem based learning model there was an increase in the learning outcomes of metamorphosis material for class IV students at SDN 1 Tualang Cut.

Abstract WP30: Therapeutic Hypothermia With Thin Liquid Convection is Safe and Feasible in Acute Stroke Patients: The Helping Stroke Patients With ThermoSuit Cooling (SISCO) Pilot Study

Introduction: Animal studies have shown that therapeutic hypothermia of 32-34°C (TH) leads to a drop in infarct size after cerebral artery occlusion. Data suggests that early, rapid TH must be achieved to maximize neuroprotection from ischemic injury. There have been two RCTs of TH in stroke patients, both of which cooled slowly and failed to show the benefit of TH. Objective: The present study assessed the safety and feasibility of the ThermoSuit System (TSS) to induce rapid TH in acute ischemic stroke patients enrolled in the SISCO pivotal phase I trial. The TSS circulates cold water directly over the patient’s skin to achieve TH and has previously demonstrated significantly faster cooling than other methods. Methods: Eligible stroke patients were enrolled with an NIHSS > 5, less than 8 hours from LKW, or who met the extended window thrombectomy criteria. Patients were sedated and intubated according to protocols. Cooling was initiated by circulating ice-cold water (0-8°C) through the TSS. The patients were cooled until the core temperature reached 34-33°C, and the suit was removed. Temperature was maintained at 32°C to 34°C for 24 hours following the cooling induction using a conventional cooling blanket. Criteria for study success were defined as 1) at least 50% of the patients achieving 32-34°C within 1 hour; 2) NIHSS and mRS scores at 90 days post-stroke were not statistically worse than historical controls; 3) no significant increase in adverse event rates in cooled subjects vs. historical controls. RESULTS 14 subjects were enrolled, and 13 were cooled. 2 patients were excluded due to treatment delays and 1 due to missing outcome data, leaving 10 patients available for complete analysis. The average NIHSS on admission was 18, and the average patient age was 65. 7 patients had an LVO in the anterior circulation and 3 had posterior circulation strokes. All study success criteria were met. The median cooling time to 34°C was 40 minutes. The rates of unacceptable outcomes at 90 days (mRS >3) were 45% in 1314 published historical controls but only 10% in cooled subjects. Conclusion: The TSS is a safe and effective tool for rapid TH in ischemic stroke patients. Further studies are warranted to assess whether this cooling method is neuroprotective for these patients.

Preference learning and multiple criteria decision aiding: differences, commonalities, and synergies–part I

Multiple criteria decision aiding (MCDA) and preference learning (PL) are established research fields, which have different roots, developed in different communities – the former in the decision sciences and operations research, the latter in AI and machine learning – and have their own agendas in terms of problem setting, assumptions, and criteria of success. In spite of this, they share the major goal of constructing practically useful decision models that either support humans in the task of choosing the best, classifying, or ranking alternatives from a given set, or even automate decision-making by acting autonomously on behalf of the human. Therefore, MCDA and PL can complement and mutually benefit from each other, a potential that has been exhausted only to some extent so far. By elaborating on the connection between MCDA and PL in more depth, our goal is to stimulate further research at the junction of these two fields. To this end, we first review both methodologies, MCDA in this part of the paper and PL in the second part, with the intention of highlighting their most common elements. In the second part, we then compare both methodologies in a systematic way and give an overview of existing work on combining PL and MCDA.

Estimating the effect of nintedanib on forced vital capacity in children and adolescents with fibrosing interstitial lung disease using a Bayesian dynamic borrowing approach.

The rarity of childhood interstitial lung disease (chILD) makes it challenging to conduct powered trials. In the InPedILD trial, among 39 children and adolescents with fibrosing ILD, there was a numerical benefit of nintedanib versus placebo on change in forced vital capacity (FVC) over 24 weeks (difference in mean change in FVC % predicted of 1.21 [95% confidence interval: -3.40, 5.81]). Nintedanib has shown a consistent effect on FVC across populations of adults with different diagnoses of fibrosing ILD. In a Bayesian dynamic borrowing analysis, prespecified before data unblinding, we incorporated data on the effect of nintedanib in adults and the data from the InPedILD trial to estimate the effect of nintedanib on FVC in children and adolescents with fibrosing ILD. The data from adults were represented as a meta-analytic predictive (MAP) prior distribution with mean 1.69 (95% credible interval: 0.49, 3.08). The adult data were weighted according to expert judgment on their relevance to the efficacy of nintedanib in chILD, obtained in a formal elicitation exercise. Combined data from the MAP prior and InPedILD trial analyzed within the Bayesian framework resulted in a median difference between nintedanib and placebo in change in FVC % predicted at Week 24 of 1.63 (95% credible interval: -0.69, 3.40). The posterior probability for superiority of nintedanib versus placebo was 95.5%, reaching the predefined success criterion of at least 90%. These findings, together with the safety data from the InPedILD trial, support the use of nintedanib in children and adolescents with fibrosing ILDs.

The use of WCAG and automatic tools by computer science students: a case study evaluating MOOC accessibility

Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) have been the de facto standard for Web accessibility evaluation for more than two decades and therefore have been introduced into legislation and university curriculum in Computer Science. At The National Distance Education University (UNED) in Spain, we have been teaching the guidelines for the last 15 years but learning how to apply WCAG criteria is complex. In this paper, we present the results of the analysis of students’ performance in applying accessibility heuristic evaluation of an online resource (a Massive Open Online Course – MOOC) using WCAG. The experiment was carried out over two academic years to evaluate how accurate and easy it is to understand and use WCAG criteria by trained students as well as their perceptions of usefulness to evaluate accessibility barriers using automatic tools in combination with manual evaluation. Results from the study show that errors identified are aligned with accessibility evaluation literature: 65% of success criteria in WCAG do not reach 80% of agreement among raters which confirms the complexity of WCAG conformance. In total 62 (86%) criteria are marked as not being correctly addressed by automatic tools with an overlap of those showing false positives, and 25 criteria (34%) are indicated as difficult to evaluate manually. While all areas where raters disagree are potential opportunities for WCAG improvement, this research reinforces that WCAG evaluations are complex and difficult even with current automatic tools, and that the possible solutions for the way forward are: (1) a well-defined evaluation protocol including a combination of automatic tools and manual evaluations; (2) better training and professional development opportunities.

Phasing real estate projects considering profitability and customer satisfaction

PurposeThe aggressive competition in the real estate market forces real estate developers to tackle the challenge of selecting the best project construction phasing alternative. The real estate industry is characterized by high costs, high profit and high risks. The schedules of real estate projects are also characterized by having large number of repetitive activities that are executed over a long duration. The repetitiveness, long duration of execution, the high amounts of money involved and the high risk made it desirable to leverage the impact of changes in phasing plans on net present value of amounts incurred and received over the long execution and selling duration. This also changes the project progress, and delivery time as well as their respective impact on customer degree of satisfaction. This research addresses the problem of selecting the best phasing alternative for real estate development projects while maximizing customer satisfaction and project profit.Design/methodology/approachThe research proposes a model that generates all construction phasing alternatives and performs decision-making to rank all possible phasing alternatives. The proposed model consists of five modules: (1) Phasing Sequencing module, (2) Customer Satisfaction module, (3) Cash-In calculation module, (4) Cost Estimation module and (5) Decision-making module. A case study was presented to demonstrate the practicality of the model.FindingsThe proposed model satisfies the real estate market's need for proper construction phasing plans evaluation and selection against the project's main success criteria, customer satisfaction and project profit. The proposed model generates all construction phasing alternatives and performs multi-criteria decision making to rank all possible phasing alternatives. It quantifies the score of the two previously mentioned criteria and ranks all solutions according to their overall score.Research limitations/implicationsThe research proposes a model that assist real estate market's need for proper construction phasing plans evaluation and selection against the project's main success criteria, customer satisfaction and project profit. The proposed model can be used to conclude general guidelines and common successful practices to be used by real estate developers when deciding the construction phasing plan. In this study the model is based on business models where all the project units are sold, rental cases are not considered. Also, the budget limitations that might exist when phasing is not considered in the model computations.Originality/valueThe model can be used as a complete platform that can hold all real estate project data, process revenues and cost information for estimating profit, plotting cash flow profiles, quantifying the degree of customer satisfaction attributable to each phasing alternative and providing recommendation showing the best one. The model can be used to conclude general guidelines and common successful practices to be used by real estate developers when tackling the challenge of selecting construction phasing plans.

Enhancing Students’ Participation in English Language Classes Using The ‘Think Pair Share’ Cooperative Learning Model

This study developed from the need to address concerns with student involvement in the classroom in light of changing educational conceptions. Traditional teaching methods usually result in passive learning experiences for pupils, which can inhibit engagement and comprehension. Recognizing this problem, the goal of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of the ‘Think Pair Share’ cooperative learning approach as a novel strategy for improving student involvement and active participation. This is an action research project that employs questionnaires and observations as the data collection techniques. The research went through three action implementation cycles, each with four stages: planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting. The results obtained in the first cycle showed observation and questionnaire average scores of 66.7 (in a 100 scale) and 52, respectively, which then rose in the second cycle to 72.2 and 88.8. Nevertheless, it did not meet the success criterion of 75. It was only in the third cycle that the minimum intended level was reached, with 86 and 94.5, respectively. Therefore, it is reasonable to conclude that using the Think Pair Share cooperative teaching model can enhance student participation level. Based on the findings of this study, teachers should consider implementing cooperative teaching models to their classrooms.

Overview of Identified Challenges in the Development Process of Superconducting Accelerator Magnets

Development challenges in the domain of superconducting magnets are concentrated on technical problems in the current literature. Organizational, domain-specific challenges are often seen as secondary but must be considered with new holistic development approaches like Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) becoming more popular. This work quantifies the domain challenges and gives the foundation to derive success criteria for design support in the future. A systematic literature review has been conducted to identify the overall domain challenges, and extensive interviews in the CERN technology department have been carried out to identify the development challenges on a practical level. Problems in knowledge management have been identified as a major challenge in the development process and the general literature. The paper concludes by picking up the most important challenges from the interviews and literature and puts them into the context of the authors’ knowledge of electrical magnet design.

Menafsirkan Kunci Kesuksesan Dari Al-Qur’an

This study aims to examine the meaning of success as found in the Quran and the criteria for success according to the Quran. The research method employed is a qualitative library research approach. The primary data source used is the Quran, with citations of Quranic verses accompanied by translations from the Hadist Web Version 3.0 by Sofyan Efendi. Secondary data is obtained from various exegesis books, such as Tafsir Al-Misbah by M. Quraish Shihab, Jāmi’ al-Bayān ‘an Ta’wīl āy al-Qur’ān by Ibn Jarīr al-Ṭabārī, Jāmi’ al-Bayān li al-Aḥkām al-Qur’ān by Imām al-Qurṭūbi, Tafsir al-Maraghi by Ahmad Muṣaṭfa al-Maragi, Mu’jam Mufradāt li Alfāẓ al-Qur’ān by Al-Ragīb al-Aṣfahānī, Tafsir Al-Qur'anul Madjied An-Nur by T.M. Hasbi Ash-Shiddieqy, as well as hadiths of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). The data analysis technique used is descriptive analysis, where data is systematically analyzed to describe the facts or characteristics of a population or a specific field accurately and conceptually. The research findings reveal that in the Quran, there are three terms that refer to success, namely al-Falah, an-Najah, and al-Fauz. The term "al-Falah" reflects the meaning of success in both worldly and hereafter life, "an-Najah" refers to the meaning of success in worldly life only, while "al-Fauz" pertains to the meaning of success in the hereafter. The criteria for success according to the Quran include belief and piety towards Allah SWT, performing the five daily prayers, supplicating to Allah SWT, actively engaging in work, setting aside a portion of one's income to assist those in need, and seeking Allah SWT's mercy to enter Paradise.
 

Factors associated with successful electrolarynx use after total laryngectomy, a multi-institutional study.

To identify characteristics associated with successful electrolarynx (EL) use after total laryngectomy (TL). Records of 196 adults who underwent TL from 03/15/2012 to 03/15/2022 at the University of Washington and Puget Sound Veterans Affairs were reviewed. Characteristics included age, Charlson Comorbidity Index, social support, pre-operative radiation (RT) and chemoradiation (CRT), and 6-month post-TL swallow status. EL success was evaluated using pre-defined criteria of intelligibility, reliability, and independence with use. Poisson regressions and robust standard error estimates were used to estimate unadjusted risk ratios for each characteristic. Statistically significant characteristics were included in multivariate analysis (MVA) to estimate adjusted risk ratios. Median age was 64, median Charlson Comorbidity Index was 5, 170 (87%) were male, 159 (81%) had high social support, and 159 (81%) attained post-TL full-oral diet. Pre-operatively, 110 (56%) had RT, including 55 (28%) with CRT. Ninety-three (47%) met our criteria for EL success. Characteristics significantly associated with EL success included social support (p = .037) and post-TL full-oral diet (p = .037); both approached significance on MVA. EL success varied by pre-operative treatment on univariate (p = .005) and MVA (p = .014). Compared to no prior RT or CRT, the probability of EL success was 29% higher with prior RT and 29% lower with prior CRT in MVA, although these associations did not reach significance. In this retrospective review, EL success correlated with high social support, post-TL full-oral diet, and pre-operative treatment history. These results warrant validation in a larger prospective study to help guide the choice of voice rehabilitation modalities or intensified speech therapy. 4.

Efficacy and Safety of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Prefusion F Protein Vaccine (RSVPreF3 OA) in Older Adults Over 2 RSV Seasons.

The adjuvanted RSV prefusion F protein-based vaccine (RSVPreF3 OA) was efficacious against RSV-related lower respiratory tract disease (RSV-LRTD) in ≥60-years-olds over 1 RSV season. We evaluated efficacy and safety of 1 RSVPreF3 OA dose and of 2 RSVPreF3 OA doses given 1 year apart against RSV-LRTD over 2 RSV seasons post-dose 1. In this phase 3, blinded trial, ≥60-year-olds were randomized (1:1) to receive RSVPreF3 OA or placebo pre-season 1. RSVPreF3 OA recipients were re-randomized (1:1) to receive a second RSVPreF3 OA dose (RSV_revaccination group) or placebo (RSV_1dose group) pre-season 2; participants who received placebo pre-season 1 received placebo pre-season 2 (placebo group). Efficacy of both vaccine regimens against RSV-LRTD was evaluated over 2 seasons combined (confirmatory secondary objective, success criterion: lower limits of 2-sided CIs around efficacy estimates >20%). The efficacy analysis comprised 24 967 participants (RSV_1dose: 6227; RSV_revaccination: 6242; placebo: 12 498). Median efficacy follow-up was 17.8 months. Efficacy over 2 seasons of 1 RSVPreF3 OA dose was 67.2% (97.5% CI: 48.2-80.0%) against RSV-LRTD and 78.8% (95% CI: 52.6-92.0%) against severe RSV-LRTD. Efficacy over 2 seasons of a first dose followed by revaccination was 67.1% (97.5% CI: 48.1-80.0%) against RSV-LRTD and 78.8% (95% CI: 52.5-92.0%) against severe RSV-LRTD. Reactogenicity/safety of the revaccination dose were similar to dose 1. One RSVPreF3 OA dose was efficacious against RSV-LRTD over 2 RSV seasons in ≥60-year-olds. Revaccination 1 year post-dose 1 was well tolerated but did not seem to provide additional efficacy benefit in the overall study population. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04886596.

Development of a utility model to optimize precision training in padel

Recent research highlights that one of the main criteria for success in padel is the ability of players to direct the hits towards a desired and optimal area of the court, therefore, the objective is to design an invention that allows contributing to the training of these variables in an innovative and effective way. For the development of the invention, the protocol established by the Research Results Transfer Management Service of the internal valuation unit of the University of Extremadura and the Spanish office of the patents and brand (OEPM) was followed. The resulting invention is a device to optimize padel training, which was granted and published as a Utility Model with reference number ES1269754U. The concession grants authors official protection for 10 years from the date of concession on 09/24/2021, after that date, said authorship will pass into the public domain. After the process of development and acceptance of the invention, it can be affirmed that this invention is an innovative alternative to optimize training in padel.

Pivotal single-arm, phase 2 trial of tasurgratinib for patients with fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR)-2 gene fusion-positive cholangiocarcinoma (CCA).

471 Background: CCA represents ~3% of all gastrointestinal malignancies globally; it is particularly prevalent in Asian countries. Additionally, FGFR2 gene fusions occur in ~13% of intrahepatic CCA cases. Tasurgratinib (E7090) is an orally available selective inhibitor of FGFR 1–3; the recommended dose is 140 mg per day per the dose-escalation part of a first-in-human phase 1 study. In this pivotal phase 2 study, this regimen was evaluated in patients (pts) with FGFR2 fusion-positive CCA. Methods: Japanese and Chinese pts with surgically unresectable advanced or metastatic CCA were treated with tasurgratinib 140 mg PO daily. FGFR2 gene fusion was confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization performed in central laboratories; ≥ 1 prior chemotherapy regimen including a gemcitabine-based combination was required; pts treated with FGFR2 inhibitors were excluded. The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR; complete response [CR] + partial response [PR]). Secondary endpoints included duration of response (DOR), time to response (TTR), disease control rate (DCR; CR + PR + stable disease [SD]), clinical benefit rate (CBR; CR + PR + SD lasting ≥ 23 weeks), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and safety. The study was considered successful if the lower limit of the ORR 90% CI was > 15% in a planned population. Tumor responses were measured every 8 weeks by RECIST v1.1 per independent imaging review. Adverse event (AE) severity was measured per CTCAE v4.03. Results: 63 Pts (Japanese: n = 28; Chinese: n = 35) were treated (median age: 55 years); 23 pts (37%) had received 1 prior regimen, all others had received ≥ 2. By the data cutoff date (March 15, 2023), 55 pts discontinued treatment (disease progression, n = 48; adverse events, n = 4; pt choice, n = 2; loss of clinical benefit, n = 1). 19 Pts (30%) had a PR; 31 pts (49%) had SD and 13 (21%) had SD for ≥ 23 weeks. The ORR was 30% (2-sided 90% CI 20.7–41.0; 95% CI 19.2–43.0); the DCR was 79% (95% CI 67.3–88.5); the CBR was 51% (95% CI 37.9–63.6). The median [m]TTR / DOR for responders were 1.87 mos (IQR 1.77–2.10; range 1.6–14.7) / 5.6 mos (95% CI 3.7–9.3; range 1.0+–14.8+). The mPFS / OS were 5.4 mos (95% CI 3.7–5.6) / 13.1 mos (95% CI 10.8–17.4). 61 Pts (97%) had ≥ 1 treatment-related AE (TRAE), most commonly hyperphosphatemia (n = 51; 81%); 18 pts (29%) had ≥ 1 grade ≥ 3 TRAE, most commonly lipase increased (n = 4; 6%). 34 Pts (54%) had a dose reduction and 18 (29%) had treatment interruption due to TRAEs. 4 Pts (6%) had a fatal AE, none related to treatment. Conclusions: Tasurgratinib had promising antitumor activity in pts with CCA harboring FGFR2 gene fusion and who received ≥ 1 prior chemotherapy regimen. The primary endpoint (ORR) met the study’s predefined success criteria. Tasurgratinib had a manageable safety profile consistent with previous reports and with the known pharmacological profile of FGFR inhibitors. Clinical trial information: NCT04238715 .

Are Saudi Arabian banks’ mobile applications accessible for blind or partially sighted users?: a customers’ perspective and evaluation

AbstractThis study investigated the accessibility problems and barriers faced by visually impaired Arabic speakers when using banking mobile applications. The sample included mobile applications for the top three banks in Saudi Arabia in terms of their customer base, including applications for AlRajhi, SNB, and Riyad bank. The focus was on the three most popular e-services provided by those applications. Using a mixed method approach, accessibility was inspected manually according to current Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG 2.1). In addition, in-depth usability testing for those applications was conducted with 12 blind Arabic-speaking users. The results revealed that the accessibility level for all sample applications did not conform to WCAG 2.1, which reflected the low accessibility level provided by these applications. However, AlRajhi’s application was the best among the tested applications. In manual inspection, it had the lowest number of violations of success criteria compared to SNB’s and Riyad’s applications. It also achieved the best results in usability testing in terms of effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction compared to the other two applications. The overall results showed that the current situation of accessibility of Saudi banking applications is not very satisfactory in terms of number of violations to WCAG 2.1 success criteria. The most violated principle by all the applications was operable, with around 37% of total violations, followed by perceivable, then robust and understandable.

Effect of Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty on the Fellow Eye.

Determine if selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) affects the fellow eye's intraocular pressure (IOP). A retrospective review of 76 pairs of eyes from 76 adult glaucoma patients who underwent SLT in one eye with at least 2 months between treatments were evaluated for IOP and medication reduction in the untreated fellow eye. Success was defined as ≥20% IOP reduction or ≥1 medication reduction without any additional IOP lowering procedures or medication. The primary outcome measures were success, IOP, and medication reduction in the untreated fellow eye at 6 months. At 6 months after SLT treatment, 48.7% (38/76) treated eyes and 36.8% (28/76) untreated fellow eyes met success criteria. IOP reduction in the treated eye was 2.6 ± 5.8 (14.1%; p < 0.002) and 0.8 ± 4.3 (5.1%, p = 0.122) in the fellow eye. The fellow eye was significantly more likely to meet success criteria if the treated eye was successful [odds ratio (OR): 6.00, 95% confidence interval (CI) (2.11-17.06), p < 0.002]. After a unilateral treatment with SLT, over one-third of the fellow eyes experienced either ≥20% IOP reduction or medication reduction. Additionally, fellow eyes were six times as likely to meet success criteria if this was observed in the treated eye. These findings may support the proposed biochemical mechanism for the therapeutic action of SLT. The implication for clinicians is that SLT treatment in one eye may allow the fellow eye to benefit and provide a prediction on the fellow eye's response without subjecting both eyes to the rare but present complications of SLT. Hirabayashi M, Mellencamp E, Duong S, et al. Effect of Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty on the Fellow Eye. J Curr Glaucoma Pract 2023;17(4):175-177.

Analisis Aksesibilitas Website Pemerintah Provinsi di Indonesia Menggunakan Pedoman Web Content Accessible Guidelines 2.0

Web accessibility is people with disabilities to be able to use, navigate, and interact with the website. World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) has provided important guidelines about web accessibility known as the Web Content Accessible Guidelines (WCAG). Indonesian government encourages the use of new media through Presidential Instruction Number 3 of 2003 concerning National Policies and Strategies for e-Government Development which mandates every state institution to build websites. Therefore in this study, an evaluation analysis was carried out on the website of Indonesia Provincial Government by using two accessibility evaluation automation tools namely TAW and aXe. This research presents the main problems found from all provincial government websites based on problems, warnings, and success criteria. With the TAW tool, the highest number of problems found in the Perceivable principle section, which amounts to 6490. And the provincial government sites that have the most accessibility issues based on the TAW tool are East Nusa Tenggara and Riau, while for the aXe tool are Yogyakarta and West Borneo.

IMPROVING STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY MASTERY THROUGH RIDDLE GAME

In this research, Classroom Action Research (PTK) was used to determine whether students' vocabulary mastery was better with the Riddle game. This research involved 49 students in class VIII SMP IT Nurul Ilmi. The aim is to improve students' vocabulary mastery through playing Riddles. This study was carried out in two cycles, with planning, implementation, observation and reflection included. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected. The results of observations and interviews were used to obtain qualitative data. Students' vocabulary scores in pre-test, post-test, and questionnaires are sources of quantitative data. The research results showed that students mastered vocabulary better, as shown by the average pre-test score of 53.3, the average post-test 1 score of 70.9, and the average pot-test cycle 2 score of 83.5. Apart from that, there were 4 students (8.16%) who met the Minimum Completeness Criteria (KKM) in the pre-test. In cycle 1, there were 27 students (55.1%) who met the KKM, and the results obtained were that 42 students (85.7%) met the KKM in the post-test cycle 2. Thus, the success criteria were achieved. The results of the questionnaire then showed that the Riddle game increased the vocabulary learning response. The results of observations and interviews show that students are motivated in the teaching and learning process when using the Riddle game with an average pre-questionnaire score of 47%.09% after the questionnaire becomes 94.8%, this has increased by 47.71%.

Key stakeholder voices: Investigating student perceptions of teachers’ use of assessment for learning

Many schools aim to implement Assessment for Learning (AfL) to stimulate students to take more ownership of their learning and develop self-regulatory skills. This survey-based study is among the few in the field showing how students experience the extent of implementation of AfL, here in English language and mathematics classes in 12 Dutch secondary schools. Analysis showed no differences between the subjects. Students (N = 685) experienced activities to clarify the learning intentions and success criteria and eliciting evidence on their learning progress regularly (between 50–74% of the lessons). Students hardly ever experienced activities aimed at peer- and self-assessment (less than 25% of the lessons). However, cluster analysis revealed three distinct clusters related to the extent of AfL strategy use students experienced. Overall, we can conclude that AfL is not yet fully integrated into teaching practices. Teachers’ skills, knowledge and attitudes required to increase student engagement in AfL practices and strengthen students’ self-regulated learning need more attention in future teacher professional development trajectories.