Crisis Research Articles

Russia in Revolution. An Empire in Crisis, 1890 to 1928, by S.A. Smith

Russia in Revolution. An Empire in Crisis, 1890 to 1928, by S.A. Smith

П’ЯТЬ РОКІВ ФОРМУВАННЯ ОБ’ЄДНАНИХ ТЕРИТОРІАЛЬНИХ ГРОМАД В УКРАЇНІ: ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ ТА ЕФЕКТИ АДМІНІСТРАТИВНОГО ЗАВЕРШЕННЯ ЕТАПУ РЕФОРМИ НА ПРИКЛАДІ КИЇВСЬКОЇ ОБЛАСТІ

Виявлено актуальну проблему Київського регіону, а саме ефективність перспективи адміністративного завершення етапу реформи низового рівня АТУ у Київській області. У статті проаналізовано особливості перерозподілу повноважень між гілками влади, зміни у відносинах між громадянами і владою в умовах децентралізації. Виявлено проблеми децентралізації, які виходять на перший план в умовах кризового періоду розвитку української державності, оскільки саме цей процес є однією з базових умов незалежної й ефективної діяльності органів місцевої влади, розвитку місцевої економіки. У статті розглядаються особливості утворення спроможних територіальних громад, визначено причини проблем запровадження реформи децентралізації в Київській області, зроблено оцінку спроможності утворених ОТГ Київської області згідно з урядовою методикою формування спроможних громад. Виявлено особливості формування об’єднаних територіальних громад Київської області – велика кількість самодостатніх територіальних громад у передмісті Києва та значна поляризація розвитку громад, яка сформувалась під впливом процесу субурбанізації, маятникової міграції у регіоні. Для периферійної частини регіону характерна низька згуртованість та зацікавленість населення у децентралізації, відсутність мотивації та ініціативи до об’єднання. Вказано на недостатній рівень соціально-економічного забезпечення мотивації до формування об’єднаних територіальних громад, деструктивна роль політичного процесу у регіоні. Здійснено детальний аналіз фінального перспективного плану формування територій громад Київської області, переданого Київською обласною адміністрацією на затвердження до Міністерства розвитку громад і територій України щодо спроможності та перспектив роз- витку пропонованих до створення громад. Поставлено питання подальшого розвитку громад, пропонованих до створення за адміністративним підходом. Запропоновано розширити дослідження спроможності територіальних громад аналізом забезпечення кадрами, ресурсами та розвитком інфраструктури. Розкрито відмінності у спроможності та забезпеченні можливостей розвитку різних типів пропонованих до створення у регіоні громад – міських, селищних та сільських. На прикладі пропонованої до створення Гребінківської об’єднаної територіальної громади показано особливості формування бюджету майбутньої громади, відповідність методиці утворення та вказано на проблеми та неузгодженість ресурсного забезпечення для подальшого прискореного соціально-економічного розвитку територіальних громад.

A utilização das medidas de cumprimento da pandemia Covid-19 e sua contribuição para o desenvolvimento económico e social da Província de Malanje

O objetivo principal deste artigo é investigar se a utilização das medidas de cumprimento da pandemia covid-19 pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento económico e social da Província de Malanje. Para o estudo foram entrevistados 90 participantes, sendo 24 dos participantes do sexo feminino e 66 do sexo masculino. Os resultados demonstram que as medidas para o cumprimento da pandemia Covid-19 são: lavar as mãos com frequência com sabão ou com álcool gel, não por a mãos na boca, no nariz ou nos olhos, usar lenço na hora que tossir ou espirrar e deitar papel no barde de lixo, usar sempre máscaras e luvas onde há aglomerado e evitar o contacto com outras pessoas. Os resultados demonstram, ainda, que a pandemia tem influenciado significativamente na economia da Província de Malanje porque o decreto do estado de emergência não permite a execução de muitos serviços sócias, mas alguns deles temem que a paralisação da actividade económica ao redor da região leve a uma crise económica. Conclui-se, de igual modo, que o país passa a ter cada vez mais casos pontuais ligados a pessoas oriundas de outros Países como Portugal, Africa do Sul e Cuba.

Development of new health provision models by advanced practice midwives - The Master of Science in Midwifery at the Bern University of Applied Sciences (BFH): an educational concept for the future

Background: The increase in chronic diseases, dealing with a diverse clientele, the rapidly developing digitalization in healthcare as well as the demand for interprofessionalism poses complex demands on the midwifery as profession. Within this context institutions of higher education are expected to train midwives as trendsetters in the development of new, integrated healthcare models which can meet the health needs of mothers and their families. Goal: The goal of the master course in midwifery is to increase awareness of the relevance of current challenges in maternity care. Midwives are prepared to competently deal with current health issues, using innovative healthcare models, by taking on advanced and specialized roles. Methods: The course imparts knowledge and know-how for midwives who wish to prepare to take on duties in modern obstetric and maternity care. Midwifery master students complete interprofessional course modules, such as Ethics, Advanced Practice or Health Policy and Health Economics, conjointly with fellow students of nursing, physiotherapy as well as nutrition and dietetics degrees. Three profession-specific course modules focus on the challenges imposed by complex processes in perinatal care. Results: The case study of a 5th semester student shows how the course supports the development of the new role of an Advanced Practice Midwife (APM) in the field of perinatal mental health. As an assignment within the profession-specific course module Perinatal Mental Health the student developed a concept draft for an APM role. She presented the concept in her own field of work, where she was charged with further developing and advancing the project. Furthermore, the student focused her Transfer Course modules on the project and deepened her skills in mental health and research skills through work shadowing in a research department and mental health ward, also called ,,Crisis lntervention Centre", in a university psychiatric clinic. Based on the APN model she finally developed how to establish the APM role in her master thesis. To conduct the needs assessment for mentally ill pregnant women and mothers she is conducting a secondary data analysis of a research project of the Division of Midwifery of BFH. Relevance: The establishment of integrated and intersectoral healthcare models is currently being discussed in Switzerland. The models require specific skills in healthcare professionals. The interprofessionally oriented master studies at BFH teach midwives to meet the requirements of needs-based, family-centred perinatal healthcare and strengthen its quality. Recommendations/Conclusions: The interlocking of master studies and practice offers the unique opportunity to further develop innovative healthcare models which are aimed at addressing present and future challenges in healthcare delivery and which are based on research.

The Crisis of the «Agrarian block», the Peasants, and the South in the Interpretation of Italian History

This essay investigates the reflections and political and cultural action of Rosario Villari, starting from his early elaboration of the Gramscian concept of «agrarian block», and ending with the Italian crisis during the 1970s. Between historiographic interpretation and political militancy, Villari looked constantly to Italy’s history and to its present, with particular attention to the South and the role played by the Italian Communist Party, with the aim of giving shape and content to the action of the emerging peasant masses in the Republican state.

As agências reguladoras em resposta à crise da COVID-19

Resumo Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar as respostas das agências reguladoras federais para o enfrentamento da crise de saúde pública gerada pelo novo coronavírus. Parte-se do entendimento de que a avaliação empírica dos padrões de resposta evidenciados pelas agências durante a crise da COVID-19 cumpre um papel importante no aprimoramento da função pública. Em primeiro lugar, porque oferece subsídios para que a própria atividade regulatória se adapte de forma mais célere às necessidades do atual momento de crise. Em segundo, porque o contexto excepcional gerado pela pandemia coloca em evidência alguns traços essenciais da atividade regulatória: suas condições de exercício e funcionalidades, suas limitações e potencialidades e, sobretudo, sua importância para a minimização de danos em cenários marcados por instabilidade estrutural. Os dados utilizados no presente estudo foram extraídos do Diário Oficial da União (DOU) e dos sítios eletrônicos das 11 agências reguladoras federais. Para a presente análise, foram selecionadas apenas as medidas com efetivo impacto regulatório sobre o setor regulado. Identificamos uma significativa heterogeneidade no volume de respostas das agências, em parte relacionada a diferenças setoriais, mas sobretudo decorrente de assimetrias na capacidade institucional desses órgãos. Identificamos também uma heterogeneidade no conteúdo das respostas das agências a problemas regulatórios semelhantes, evidenciando falhas de coordenação regulatória que precisam ser urgentemente solucionadas.

Climate and COVID-19 pandemic: effect of heat and humidity on the incidence and mortality in world's top ten hottest and top ten coldest countries.

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a global public health crisis with social, psychological and long-lasting economical damages. Weather-related dynamics have an impact on the pattern of human health and disease. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of heat and humidity on daily basis incidence and mortality due to COVID-19 pandemic in ten of the world's hottest countries compared to ten of the coldest ones. Worldwide, we selected 20 countries; 10 hottest countries with the highest temperatures and 10 coldest countries with the lowest temperature. The selection of the countries was based on the daily basis mean temperature from the date of appearance of the initial cases of COVID-19, Dec 29, 2019 to May 12, 2020. In the world's 10 hottest countries, the mean temperature was (26.31±1.51) and humidity (44.67±4.97). However, in the world's 10 coldest countries the mean temperature was (6.19±1.61) and humidity (57.26±2.35). The data on the global outbreak of COVID-19, daily new cases and deaths were recorded from World Health Organization, and daily information on temperature and humidity was obtained from metrological web "Time and Date". In countries with high temperatures and low humidity, the mean daily cases incidence were (407.12±24.33); cumulative cases (9094.34±708.29); and cumulative deaths (452.84±43.30) were significantly low compared to countries with low temperatures and high humidity: daily cases (1876.72±207.37); cumulative cases (44232.38±5875.11); and cumulative deaths (2008.29±310.13). Moreover, COVID-19 cases and deaths per million population were significantly low in countries with high temperatures (cases 711.23, and deaths 16.27) compared to countries with low temperatures (cases 1685.99; and deaths 86.40). Furthermore, in hottest countries, a 1% increase in humidity reduced number of cases and deaths by (β = -5.40, p<0.001) and (β = -0.187, p=0.004) respectively. A similar trend was seen with a 1°C increase in temperature, reducing the number of deaths by (β = -1.35. p<0.001). The results revealed a significant decrease in incidence of daily cases and deaths in countries with high temperatures and low humidity (warmest countries), compared to those countries with low temperatures and high humidity (coldest countries). The findings could be of interest to the policymakers and the health officials on the epidemiological trends of COVID-19 pandemic and weather changes.

Optimization of Biodiesel Production from Neem Oil using KOH Supported with Activated Carbon

Fossil fuel reduction and environmental degradations are the two crises that the world threatened by generally and UAE specifically. Biodiesel is a fuel produced through a chemical reaction of animal fat or vegetable oil with alcohol, and consider a potential alternative of diesel engines. However, this reaction needs a catalyst to complete successfully. The current article contains transesterification of neem oil with KOH catalyst supported with activated carbon (KOH/AC). This study included experimental work by applying KOH/AC as an effective catalyst for transesterification of local neem oil. The response surface methodology (RSM) software tool was used in this study to determine the optimal conditions of reaction time, amount of catalyst and ratio of methanol to oil in order to obtain the highest percentage of biodiesel product. The optimal settings obtained were 60 min reaction time, a ratio of oil to methanol 1:6 and 1 wt% of catalyst, which lead to the highest yield of biodiesel (100 wt%). The specific features of biodiesel were checked and compared to ASTM standards.

E-dental practicum: A way to maintain student hands-on training during disruptive crises.

e-dental practicum: A way to maintain student hands-on training during disruptive crises.

Consumer Behaviour during Crises: Preliminary Research on How Coronavirus Has Manifested Consumer Panic Buying, Herd Mentality, Changing Discretionary Spending and the Role of the Media in Influencing Behaviour

The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic spread globally from its outbreak in China in early 2020, negatively affecting economies and industries on a global scale. In line with historic crises and shock events including the 2002-04 SARS outbreak, the 2011 Christchurch earthquake and 2017 Hurricane Irma, COVID-19 has significantly impacted global economic conditions, causing significant economic downturns, company and industry failures, and increased unemployment. To understand how conditions created by the pandemic to date compare to the aforementioned shock events, we conducted a thorough literature review focusing on the presentation of panic buying and herd mentality behaviours, changes to discretionary consumer spending as defined by Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, and the impact of global media on these behaviours. The methodology utilised to analyse panic buying, herd mentality and altered patterns of consumer discretionary spending (according to Maslow’s theory) involved an analysis of consumer spending data, largely focused on Australian and American markets. Here, we analysed the volume and timing of consumer spending patterns; the volumes of spending on specific, highly-demanded consumer goods during the investigative period; and the distribution of spending on luxury and non-durable goods to identify the occurrence of these consumer behaviours. Moreover, to identify the presence of the media in influencing consumer behaviour we focused on web traffic to media sites, alongside keyword and phrase data mining. We conclude that, to date, consumer behaviour during the COVID-19 crisis appears to align with behaviours exhibited during historic shock events. We hope to contribute to the body of research on the early months of this pandemic before longer-term studies are available.

Managing cancer care during the COVID-19 pandemic: brief report from a North African single center.

The potential threat of COVID-19 pandemic on the continuity of care for cancer patients is thought to be significant. Oncologists are weighing up the balance of risks and benefits carefully when planning daily cancer care and making treatment decisions in the face of rapid change during this public health crisis. This report describes management strategies and care models that have been adopted by a single Medical Oncology department in a North Africa, Morocco.

The Nexus between Buyback, Business Cycle, and Stock Market Volatility

Financial crisis shows significant uncertainties in corporate financing conditions. This study draws on economic conditions toask if buyback programs are related to the business cycle and the stock market volatility. The results show both unidirectional and bidirectional causality between buyback, business cycle and stock market volatility. It also shows that financial crisis plays an important role, suggesting that firms increase their buyback depending on their economic condition.

Public Sector Crises: Realizations from Covid-19 for Crisis Communication

This article reflects upon the communicative demands COVID-19 created for public sector crisis managers. Those demands include anxiety, empathy, efficacy, fatigue, reach, and threat. The conclusion reviews the realizations COVID-19 has created for those tasked with managing public health crises.

The transient museum: Or a vision of the not-yet-here

This essay forwards the idea of the transient museum, a theoretical and utopian project aimed at dismantling the visual logics that support the contemporary art museum. Beginning from the premise that such museums are predicated upon colonial and capitalist visual logics, the transient museum imagines ways of being in but not of the contemporary art museum and the economies of circulation it engenders. Its tactics engage visuality but, equally, a politics of the body and of movement. As such, Gwyneth Shanks frames two ways of performing the transient museum, against acquisition and an aesthetics of concealment, analyzing highly performative artworks by artists Rafa Esparza and Nari Ward to explain these categories. She argues that the transient museum names ever-accumulating forces of global and historical crisis—forces to which neither the museum nor contemporary art are immune—as a practice of enacting hope and remaking the contours of contemporary art.

Coming Out from a Crisis: What Next?

Coming Out from a Crisis: What Next?

Exploring the Decision-Making Process of Academic Persistence in University Students Who suffered a Dropping-out Crisis

Exploring the Decision-Making Process of Academic Persistence in University Students Who suffered a Dropping-out Crisis

Gender in Crisis

Gender in Crisis

In this very uncertain space

As a journalist for The Globe and Mail for 10 years, El Akkad has reported on war and conflict from around the world, including the war in Afghanistan, the military trials at Guantanamo Bay, the Arab Spring revolution in Egypt, and the Black Lives Matter movement in Ferguson, Missouri. In 2018, El Akkad's debut novel, American War, was shortlisted for a number of prominent literary prizes, garnering public attention as a finalist on the CBC Canada Reads competition. In this conversation, we talk to El Akkad about his novel, journalism, literary influences, migrations, and political visions of the future. One recurring theme in the conversation is the relationship between violence and the production of uncertainty—the unpredictability movement and refuge for the displaced; the ambiguity and risks of racial representation; the secrecy of detention and redaction; and the uncertainties of the future in times of change and crisis.

Can the Global Climate Crisis Affect Pregnancies

Pregnant women and their developing fetuses are among the most vulnerable to the adverse health effects of global warming. In a systematic review of 68

Estimation of the Spillovers during the Global Financial Crisis

Estimation of the Spillovers during the Global Financial Crisis