Perpetrators Of Crimes Research Articles

Fear and Masculinity as Motivational Narratives for Knife-Related Crime: A Systematic Review of the Literature.

Males are routinely identified as both the victims and perpetrators of knife-related crime. Explanations have typically fallen into two categories: fear of further victimization (i.e., need for protection) and masculine gender norms (e.g., a display of "toughness"). However, these two works of literature have not yet been brought together to provide us with a fruitful theoretical understanding of why some young men engage in knife-related crime. The purpose of this systematic review is to consolidate and synthesize the available research on fear and masculinity as explanations for knife-related crime. In all, 23 studies were identified as meeting the inclusion criteria. The findings of the studies reviewed highlight the importance of considering the cognitive analysis of risk and perceptions of risk in young males' decisions to engage in knife-related crime. These perceptions of risk are shaped by previous victimization through a contagion effect and contribute to the development of an aggressive masculinity that justifies the behavior. However, it is not very well understood the role of fear contagion, and victimization in the shaping of masculine ideals within groups of young men involved in knife-related crimes. Additional research is needed to explore these findings and shed light on the complex interplay between these factors to inform viable treatment options for young men engaged in knife-related crime.

Psychopathy, psychological distress, and treatment history among perpetrators of intimate partner femicide, homicide, and other violent crimes in Buenos Aires, Argentina

Intimate partner femicide—the killing of women based on their gender by their former or current partners—is a global long-standing manifestation of violence against women. Despite the enactment of femicide-specific laws in Latin America, femicide rates have remained relatively constant throughout the last decade. Often perpetrators are pathologized as suffering from mental illness, yet the data on their mental health status is still relatively unknown. Thus, more research is needed to understand the extent of poor mental health among these individuals. The purpose of this study was to compare levels of psychopathy, psychological distress, and treatment history among an all-male sample of intimate partner femicide perpetrators, male-male homicide perpetrators, and offenders convicted of other violent crimes in Buenos Aires, Argentina. This study utilized a cross-sectional survey based on data derived from a two-stage sampling strategy. The questionnaire included two standardized instruments for the measurement of psychopathy (revised Psychopathy checklist and the Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy scale) and one for general distress (Spanish version of 12-item General Health Questionnaire). The final sample included 205 prisoners including 68 intimate partner femicide perpetrators, 73 homicide perpetrators, and 64 individuals convicted of other violent crimes. There were no significant differences across these groups based on their socio-demographic characteristics. Participants did not differ in terms of their psychopathology; however, femicide perpetrators were statistically more likely to experience psychological distress. In addition, femicide perpetrators self-reported more prior episodes of mental and substance use treatments. The findings of increased psychological distress and prior mental health and substance use treatment among femicide perpetrators suggest that there may be missed opportunities for femicide prevention within the public health subspecialties of mental health and substance use disorders. This study suggests that femicide perpetrators likely require distinctive interventions, including self-assessments and harm mitigation tactics, to prevent their potential for femicide perpetration.

Analysis of the Crime of Sexual Violence in the Study of National Criminal Law Indonesia

Criminal acts of sexual violence that occur in adolescent relationships can be said to be a form of unhealthy relationship. Not a few teenagers make unhealthy relationships as an outlet for emotions that are not channeled properly, and can also be a psychological trauma that encourages a teenager to take retaliatory actions against others. Sexual violence against women and children is an essence in the form of violence by showing the vulnerability of the position of women or children to sexual interests that occur in men. The identification of acts committed by a perpetrator of sexual violence is sexual desire and power that cannot be restrained and most women are always used as object. The issues raised in this writing are What are the forms of sexual violence in unhealthy relationships and Analysis of Toxic Relationship crimes. This research method uses normative juridical methods with a statutory approach and a case approach. Based on this study, the spread of sexual violence that occurs in unhealthy relationships usually attacks victims, especially women who are trapped in a relationship with the perpetrator. The government and law enforcement officials have a role to punish and sanction perpetrators of toxic relationship crimes.

Konstruksi Penalaran Hakim dalam Menetapkan Pelaku Materiil Tindak Pidana Pembunuhan Berencana sebagai Justice Collaborator (Analisis Kasus ER pada Putusan Nomor 798/Pid.B/2022/PN JKT.SEL)

This research is based on the existence of premeditated murder incidents committed by several criminals in the context of the inclusion of criminal acts (delneming). One of the perpetrators of the crime, namely the Defendant ER, was considered by the judge to be a person who participated in the crime of premeditated murder, so the judge in his decision Number 798/Pid.B/2022/Pn Jkt.Sel designated the Defendant as a justice collaborator. The type of research used in is normative juridical research. Library research techniques are using primary legal materials such as basic norms, laws and regulations, and court decisions, secondary legal materials, namely magazines, books, or newspapers, and tertiary legal materials, namely dictionaries, articles, or reference materials. The data analysis technique used is the normative-qualitative analysis method. The results of the data analysis show that the legal construction of the determination of the perpetrator of crime as a justice collaborator can be interpreted in four elements, namely problematic scope, should be interpreted as not just organized crime but all criminal acts that have a maximum threat of eight years in prison, and with the note that before the determination of the perpetrator as a Justice Collaborator, the principle of subsidiarity is first applied. where the granting of the status of a Justice Collaborator can only be done as a substitute if other means of exposing the crime have failed

Design of Election Criminal Enforcement Through A Restorative Justice Approach in Nort Sumatra

The large number of cases of suspected election crimes at every stage of the elections in Indonesia are not balanced with a fair law enforcement design and legal certainty. The establishment of the Integrated General Election Law Enforcement Center (Sentra Gakkumdu Pemilu) apparently did not have a significant impact in effectively prosecuting perpetrators of election crimes. This research aims to examine the design of law enforcement for election crimes and analyze the application of the concept of restorative justice as an approach to law enforcement for election crimes. The results of the research, firstly, are that the complexity of the law enforcement mechanism for election crimes causes the number of reports of election crimes submitted by the public to election supervisors to be meaningless. Second, that the current law enforcement design for election crimes still prioritizes punishment, even though law enforcement prioritizes the principle of ultimum remedium in its implementation. The absence of legal loopholes in prioritizing the concept of restorative justice in enforcing election criminal law is an obstacle for the Gakkumdu Center in enforcing election criminal law. The large number of cases of suspected election crimes that occur while the resolution time is relatively short makes it difficult for law enforcement to promote election crimes to promote justice and legal certainty. So there is a need to design technical regulations in implementing restorative justice in handling election crimes in the future.

په اسلامي فقه او د افغانستان جزا کُد کې د متعددو جرمونو د جزاګانو تداخل

It has been recognized in Islamic law and statutory laws that the penalties for different crimes overlap. Punishing the perpetrator of multiple crimes for a crime is considered an overlap in punishments. This research aims to apply the punishment on the criminal in the case of several crimes, as it shows the supremacy of Islamic law and its leniency towards its followers and criminals. The necessity of this research is that the intersection of punishments clarifies the aspects of pardon and facilitation in Islamic law for people who do not know the truth of Sharia law, as well as the provisions of Islamic jurisprudence in the Afghan penal code. The provisions are intended to clarify the agreement. In this research, an analytical and descriptive research strategy was chosen, and the writings of contemporary and previous jurists were studied. The jurists mentioned the intersection of punishments in their writings. The results of this study show that according to Islamic jurists and the provisions of the Afghan Penal Code, it is possible to determine punishment for several crimes, and several crimes are considered as one crime. The results of this research show that according to Islamic jurists and the provisions of the Afghan Penal Code, it is possible to determine punishment for several crimes, and several crimes are considered as one crime. If the mentioned cases differ, the penalties will not overlap.

ANALISIS NORMATIF PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP ANAK SEBAGAI KORBAN KEJAHATAN PEDOFILIA

This research aims to find out briefly and simply about legal protection for children as victims of pedophilia crimes. The research method used in this research is: normative legal research. which essentially means that there has been a gap between das sollen and das sein at the level of norms or legal rules that apply in society. so that the law we aspire to cannot function as it should. From this research we can conclude that. Very firm and harsh action is needed in imposing criminal sanctions on perpetrators of pedophilia crimes because they have damaged and taken away the future of the nation's generation. The criminal sanctions can have a deterrent effect and provide healing and treatment for the mental and sexual sexuality of the perpetrator. Keywords: Children, Crime Victims, Pedophelia.

Analysis of Public Response to The Use of Chemical Castration for Sexual Offenders in Indonesia

Sexual violence includes various immoral behaviors such as sexual insults, touching unauthorized body parts, viewing and sending unwanted sexual and pornographic images, forced participation in sexual and pornographic activities, rape, sexual torture, female genital mutilation, sexual exploitation, sexual slavery, forced prostitution, forced pregnancy, forced sterilization, forced abortion, and intentional infection with sexually transmitted diseases such as AIDS. Sexual crimes also occur in a state of war, mainly as a tool to oppress a country. In Indonesia, Law no. 17 of 2020 lists chemical castration as one of the solutions in preventing repeat sexual crimes for children. Chemical castration is one of the sanctions that is condemned by the world community but has a major impact in reducing the rate of sexual crime cases. This study aims to analyze the results of the response received by the community to the existence of chemical castration punishment in sexual offenders. The research method in this study uses the type of empirical research and the nature of qualitative research, with data collection methods in the form of questionnaires and secondary data from interviews from youtube and other written documents. The results of this study. Of the 100 respondents who agreed to the existence of chemical castration by answering yes and strongly agreeing, reaching 60%. Doubts about the success of the implementation of chemical castration can have a deterrent effect on sexual offenders. However, most people agree that the existence of chemical castration needs to be carried out not only pedophilia but also perpetrators of sexual crimes against women).

All Roads Lead to Rome Combating Impunity for Perpetration of Slave Trade and Slavery Crimes

The Republic of Sierra Leone has proposed amendments to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (ICC) to include, inter alia, provisions for the slave trade as a crime against humanity and has recommended that the General Assembly include the slave trade as an enumerated crime in the Draft articles on Prevention and Punishment of Crimes Against Humanity (CAH) (Draft articles). This declaration came nearly five years after Cardozo's Benjamin B Ferencz Human Rights and Atrocity Prevention Clinic, on behalf of slavery crimes expert Patricia Viseur Sellers, sent commentaries to the United Nations International Law Commission (ILC) to revise in a similar fashion the Draft articles. The Rome Statute creates a wide impunity gap by omitting the slave trade entirely as a war crime and crime against humanity and by including only those conflict-related slavery acts that include causing someone to engage in an act of a sexual nature. Specifically, the Rome Statute does not enumerate the slave trade or slavery under Article 8 as war crimes. It does not define the slave trade within the crime of enslavement under Article 7(g) as a crime against humanity or explicitly enumerate the slave trade within the context of a widespread or systematic attack against a civilian population. War crimes conduct is not captured fully or explicitly under ICC jurisdiction because the Rome Statute sanctions only persons exercising powers attaching to the rights of ownership who also cause that person to engage in an act of a sexual nature. Crimes against humanity conduct also escapes legal sanction when perpetrators transport or otherwise engage in any slave trade acts without exercising powers attaching to the right of ownership over a person. Furthermore, the Rome Statute's bifurcation of enslavement and sexual slavery lead to non-factual, incomplete, and discriminatory results. Sexual slavery is enslavement; its separate enumeration as a crime against humanity has required some victims to prove additionally that they were caused to engage in an act of a sexual nature in violation of non-discrimination and others' slavery harms to escape legal characterization altogether.

Konstrusi Media Tentang Perempuan Pelaku Kejahatan Predator Seksual Anak

This study seeks to reveal gender bias in the headline news of kompas.com concerning the case of a woman perpetrator of sexual crimes against 11 children in Jambi. The research utilizes Peter L. Berger's social construction theory, Erving Goffman's framing, and Pierre Bourdieu's symbolic violence. Employing Robert Entman's framing analysis model, the findings of this study uncover that the portrayal of women is divided into three constructs imbued with gender bias. Gender bias arises due to the practice of symbolic violence. First, the female perpetrator of sexual crimes is depicted as engaging in unseemly, reprehensible actions that contravene societal values and norms. Second, the woman's vital body becomes a newsworthy asset that is advantageous. Third, the news exhibits ambivalence; on one hand, it provides information on preventing sexual crimes, while on the other hand, it inadvertently offers a tutorial-like narrative on committing sexual offenses against children.

The International Criminal Court and responsibility for mass atrocities: Can JCE enhance capacity to hold masterminds accountable?

ABSTRACT Mass atrocity crimes constitute a grave affront to international peace and security as well as to human rights. Due to their deep reach in society, they also constitute a very major social predicament. It is undignifying to allow perpetrators of these crimes to be left un-investigated or unpunished. This paper considers how behind the scenes high-ranking military and political indirect perpetrators of mass atrocity crimes should be adjudged guilty of collective criminal responsibility. One mode of collective criminal responsibility – Joint Criminal Enterprise (JCE) – is hereby analysed. Considering the International Criminal Court’s praxis in rejecting certain approaches to JCE, we propose two amendments to the ICC’s Rome Statute, namely: incorporating JCE into Article 25(3)(a) to include acts through another person via JCE, and adding provisions to define elements of Article 25A to guide the Court’s interpretation. This will enable the ICC to apply JCE like the international ad hoc tribunals have done in the past, in the process enhancing the capacity to hold masterminds accountable and buttressing the causes of restorative and social justice in societies grappling with the effects of mass atrocities.

The Validity of Wiretapping as Evidence in Corruption Cases

Corruption crimes committed by state officials in Indonesia are rampant. Therefore, the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK), as an independent institution, has a heavy-duty to investigate the perpetrators of Corruption Crimes in Indonesia. Of course, the KPK in the trial requires strong evidence to reveal the perpetrators of special crimes, namely corruption. With this evidence, the KPK will be able to prove that the perpetrator is proven to have committed the crime of corruption It is known that the KPK Law has just been revised, Law Number 19 of 2019 concerning the Second Amendment to Law Number 30 of 2002 concerning the Corruption Eradication Commission. Where there are changes in procedures listed in the new law. This refers to how the KPK can conduct wiretapping and obtain official permission to wiretap perpetrators who are indicated to have committed corruption crimes.

Aspek Kriminologi Dan Proses Mental Dalam Ruang Lingkup Psikologi Kepolisian

Criminology studies can be grouped into four aspects of discussion including crime, crime perpetrators, crime victims, and society's reactions to crime. The term criminology is taken from English, namely Criminology. Criminology itself comes from Latin which consists of two words, namely crimen which means criminal and logos which means knowledge. Thus criminology can be interpreted as the science of crime or criminals. The development of science has made a major contribution to the birth of Criminology, as a systematic collection of knowledge from various fields of study about crime and criminals.

Adverse childhood experiences in a london-based forensic CAMHS population

Youth crime is a serious political and social issue, impacting significantly on the young person’s identity, and their community and societal integration and development (Rutter, 2010). Recently, London has experienced some of the highest recorded rates of crimes committed by youth resulting in many custodial settings being at full capacity. Significant attention has been attributed to formulating why some young people become involved in criminal behaviour and many recognise the role of early adversity, which may act as a vulnerability or precipitating factor for some. The association between Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and youth crime has been researched in many countries and helps to formulate why some young people may engage in crime. This paper investigates the ACEs in a sample of 164 London-based youth who were referred to Forensic Child and Mental Health Service (FCAMHS), by local services. Results indicated that all young people referred had experienced at least one ACE. Those presenting with eight or more ACEs were referred for engaging in serious community violence. While this does not predict or show causation, it is helpful in considering the level of vulnerability and adversity in this cohort of young people. These findings have important implications in the assessment and management of these young people, who may be seen as both victims of adversity and perpetrators of possible crime. Further, these findings can help promote a balanced way of thinking about the whole young person, not just the part that may have committed a crime.

Application of Diversion to Children as Perpetrators of Crimes of Sexual Violence Perspective of Positive Law and Islamic Law (Case Study at Jambi Police)

Application of Diversion to Children as Perpetrators of Crimes of Sexual Violence Perspective of Positive Law and Islamic Law (Case Study at Jambi Police)

CONSIDERATION OF JUDGES IN DECIDING CASES OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE CRIMES COMMITTED BY HUSBANDS TO WIVES COMMITTED BY HUSBAND TO WIFE

The purpose of this study is to examine the law enforcement and judges' consideration of the perpetrators of the crime of Domestic Violence committed by husband to wife in decision No. 233/Pid.Sus /2023/PN Ktg. This type of research uses descriptive qualitative with a normative juridical approach. Data collection using literature study. This research uses qualitative analysis with an interactive model. The results showed that law enforcement against perpetrators of domestic violence crimes that the defendant was sentenced to imprisonment for 4 (four) years. The judge's consideration in imposing a sentence on the crime of domestic violence was the beating committed by a husband to his wife in Decision No. 233/Pid.Sus/2023/PN Ktg is based on the testimony of witnesses, evidence and the testimony of the defendant, where the proof is sufficient if it is based on at least 2 (two) pieces of evidence plus the judge's belief.

Law Enforcement Against Perpetrators of Pedophilia Crimes in the Indonesia Legal System

Law Enforcement Against Perpetrators of Pedophilia Crimes in the Indonesia Legal System

Peran Hukum Internasional Dalam Etnis Rohingya

The failure to prosecute the perpetrators of the Rohingya ethnic genocide crime is the beginning of the blunting of international law. The Rohingya ethnic group must get their Human Rights (HAM) back, as we know that Human Rights are basic rights that are inherent from birth by the grace of God and everyone must protect and respect them. Myanmar has a long history of human rights violations, according to Amnesty International. Suppression of freedom of expression and violations of human rights against underrepresented ethnic groups continue. The research used in this study uses normative juridical research methods with a case and legal history approach. In fact, institutional dogmatism is the result of the failure to protect human rights against ethnic groups. Rohingya, this study concludes that international law is blunt and only applies if there is a large benefit to the UN Security Council, the people of a country like Rohingya only suffer from injustice.

INSECURITY IN NIGERIA: PERCEPTIONS OF SELECTED LAGOS STATE RESIDENTS ON NIGERIA NEWSPAPERS’ COVERAGE OF CRIME ON THE GRATIFICATION OF THEIR SAFETY INFORMATION NEED

Insecurity of lives and property in Nigeria has continued unabated through crime perpetration of all kinds. All forms of violent crimes, including property crimes are reported in the newspapers virtually on daily basis. Concerned by what the feelings of the audience could be on the resonating outcome of Nigerian newspapers’ crime reportage, the attendant palpable fear, anxiety, a sense of insecurity and whether or not the newspapers’ crime stories gratified their safety information need, this study adopted a non-probability sampling technique and through an in-depth interviews probed into the perspectives of purposively selected Lagos State residents on Nigerian newspapers’ coverage of crime and the gratification of their safety information need. Adopting purposive sampling technique, a total of twelve literate respondents, across the three Senatorial Districts (Lagos Central, Lagos East and Lagos West) who had lived and worked in Lagos State for at least five years preceding the study were interviewed. Findings revealed a sense of insecurity and palpable fear among the respondents; Lagos State is prone to crime; murder, robbery, kidnapping, while payment of ransom to secure the release of kidnapped victims were rife. The study revealed that the newspapers feasted on crime stories, but embraced episodic crime reportage. The newspaper crime stories were found educative and gratified the safety information need of the reader even as the police, judiciary and the political class were found culpable in crime festering in Nigeria. The paper recommends that newspapers should engage more in investigative reporting of crime by reporting it like an epidemic while the country’s security personnel require constant intelligence report in addition to being proactive, and professional. The Judiciary should ensure the dispensation of justice in all crime cases.

Penggunaan Teori Argumentasi terhadap Penegakan Hukum Pecandu dan Penyalahgunaan Narkotika

Law enforcement against drug crimes is mostly done by law enforcement agencies, and offenders convicted by the courts serve sentences in prisons. Law enforcement is not a definitive action, but the implementation of a definitive action, namely the application of a right to an event, which can be likened to drawing a straight line between two points. Normative legal research is carried out to produce arguments, theories or new concepts as prescriptions in solving the problems faced. The substance of the narcotics law has not provided a clear picture of the application of the law to drug users who use drugs for themselves, who qualify as drug addicts and victims. Law enforcement against drug addicts and users according to Law Number 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics includes non-penal policy countermeasures, namely pre-emptive (counseling) and preventive (prevention) efforts. Penal policy countermeasures focus more on repressive actions (direct enforcement). Repressive (direct enforcement) carried out by the Police to provide a deterrent effect for perpetrators of drug crimes. There are 2 (two) obstacles faced by the Muna Resort Police Drug Unit, namely non-penal policy barriers and penal policy obstacles.