Credit Payment Research Articles

Examining the relationship between trade credit payment terms and manufacturing firm performance: the moderating effect of market share

Examining the relationship between trade credit payment terms and manufacturing firm performance: the moderating effect of market share

Kajian Hukum Ekonomi Syariah dalam Penyelesaian Wanprestasi Praktik Jual Beli Kayu Jati secara Kredit pada Usaha Dagang Berkah Jati Mlonggo Jepara

<p><em>Problems with business activities often end in conflict because one of the parties defaults or does not fulfill the obligations agreed together. This research aims to determine the resolution of defaults in the practice of buying and selling teak wood at the Berkah Jati Mlonggo Jepara Trading Business and analyze it using a Sharia Economic Law approach. The type of method used in this research is field research based on a sociological juridical approach. To obtain information or data, this research uses data sources in the form of primary data and secondary data. Primary data was obtained by direct interviews with informants or sources, while secondary data consisted of primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and tertiary legal materials. After the information or data is collected, analysis is then carried out using qualitative descriptive data analysis techniques. The findings of this research indicate that the practice of buying and selling teak wood is carried out in writing using a cash and credit payment system. The credit practices carried out by sellers follow Sharia principles, meaning there is no element of usury. Resolving defaults through negotiation by providing several offers to extend the payment period (rescheduling) and relief from credit installment payments (reconditioning). The realization of default resolution in the practice of buying and selling teak wood in the study of Sharia Economic Law is the seller's effort to create benefits and avoid mafsadah so that the relationship between the seller and the buyer remains harmonious and can avoid hostility.</em></p>

Sistem Pendukung Keputusan dalam Penentuan Pemberian Pinjaman Uang Pada Anggota Swasti Sari dengan Metode Promethee

Credit Cooperative (KOPDIT) Swasti Sari is a financial institution founded in 1988 in East Nusa Tenggara. Every year, these cooperative experiences a significant development, seen from the increase in assets and the number of members who continue to grow. Determination of credit policies by cooperatives requires the formulation of standard and credit requirements that include customer character, credit payment capacity, capital capability, and guaranteed customers. Provision of appropriate credit is very important and requires effective and efficient service. However, credit administration procedures in this cooperative are still not effective and often the granting of credit is not on target. This study aims to assist cooperative managers in making decisions on loan or credit to members using the Promethee method. This method is an auto ranking method that helps decision makers analyze multicriteria problems and determine the priority of receiving loan application. The results of the study are expected to be a reference in the development of a decision support system for the determination of loans in the Swasti Sari Cooperative.

Credit Sales Accounting System at PT Bernady Sukses Grup

Sales are the company's main activity, which can be done with cash or credit payments. Credit salels arel morel popular with customelrs, with creldit salels madel by companiels thely can increlasel thel salels graph in a celrtain pelriod. Salels on creldit also givel risel to relcelivablels and thelrel is a risk of uncollelctiblel relcelivablels or bad creldit, this can bel ovelrcomel by having an adelquatel creldit salels accounting systelm that functions to relcord, relport on company conditions and crelatel relliablel relports so that problelms can bel relsolveld, as welll as improving intelrnal control. elxisting in thel company. Thel purposel of this research is to find out thel actual conditions relgarding thel creldit salels systelms and proceldurels implelmelnteld at PT Belrnady Suksels Group, thel systelmatics useld includel rellateld functions, documelnts, relcords and proceldurels that form thel systelm. From thel implelmelntation, thel elffelctivelnelss of creldit salels systelms and proceldurels will bel asselsseld.

Auction for the Execution of Dependent Rights Related to Customers in Default at Bri Kalianda (Case Study of Supreme Court Decision Cassation Number: 310/K/Pdt/2023)

The bank as a creditor cannot be harmed by bad credit. Efforts to avoid bad credit are carried out by taking anticipatory steps in the form of a guarantee mechanism for debt repayment. This mechanism is an anticipatory step in the event of bad credit by the debtor. The problem formulation in this research is (1) Does the auction execution have to meet the on-rechtmatige daad? (2) What are the legal consequences of the auction for the execution of mortgage rights in the Cassation Decision Number: 310/K/Pdt/2023? (3) What are the obstacles in carrying out the auction for the execution of mortgage rights? The method used in this research is descriptive normative, with data sources obtained from laws, books, journals, articles, etc. The results of this research are the conditions for an unlawful act, namely, firstly, there is an unlawful act, decision Number 310/K/Pdt/2023, the plaintiff is a bad credit debtor, which is an unlawful act. Since August 2018, the debtor has been in arrears in carrying out his obligations to make credit payments in installments, secondly there is an error, namely he has committed a default (default) on working capital credit, thirdly there is a loss, there is causality. The legal consequences of the Auction for the Execution of Mortgage Rights in the Cassation Decision Number: 310/K/Pdt/2023 do not conflict with applicable law, and have met standard requirements. The implementation of the auction in decision 310 K/Pdt/2023 has been carried out by KPKNL Bandar Lampung in accordance with the provisions of the regulation of the Minister of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia Number 27/PMK/06/2016/ Concerning instructions for implementing the auction and based on the auction minutes number 255/20/2020/ dated 16 April 2020 there was an auction winner, namely Ms Eva.S. Judex Facti/ Tanjong Karang District Court in this case does not conflict with the law and/or statute, so there are no obstacles in carrying out the auction, because the plaintiff has defaulted (breach of contract).

Risk management for barter exchange policy under retail industry

Nowadays, barter exchange has become growingly popular in the national and global industries as an alternative to excessive inventory transfers. Many companies exchange their surplus products on barter platforms for products they need without using money. In a traditional supply chain, the retailer holds unsold products that hinder the supply chain's profitability from reaching its maximum level. This paper solves this issue by proposing a stochastic model of two players (single manufacturer, single retailer) with trade-credit (delayed payment) and barter exchange policy under a supply chain management. In this work, to entice the retailer and increase sales, the manufacturer grants a credit payment facility to the retailer on the items ordered for a specified period, and the manufacturer does not charge any interest on the outstanding amount during this credit period. The concept of a credit period raises the possibility of default risk. In this case, some interest is charged. Several investments are made here to diminish setup and ordering costs and improve the product quality of the system. This work focuses on the flexible production to manage the demand uncertainty and the marginal reduction technology to lessen carbon emissions that occur during the production and inventory holding. In contrast, a retailer can exchange unsold items in the barter market for its required products, which is extensively discussed in this study. Finally, the maximum profit is assessed in terms of credit period, investments, quality improvement, and production rate. The result numerically and graphically proves a huge impact of the barter platform for any business industry on overstock transfers, conserving cash, managing unpredictable demand, and reaching the maximum profit. Moreover, the significant finding is observed in the proposed work that the idea of the flexible production, barter exchange policy, and several investments increase the system profit up to 50.55%.

Evaluasi Penerapan Reward dan Punishment bagi Nasabah Kredit pada LPD Kesiman

The growing LPD Kesiman faces various problems, especially the risk of non-performing loans. Efforts made to improve the smoothness of credit payments are by providing rewards and punishments for credit customers. This research was conducted to determine the application of reward and punishment for credit customers and the implications for LPD Kesiman. This research is a descriptive research with a qualitative approach, collecting data by observation, interviews, and documentation. The informants in this study were LPD Kesiman credit employees. The results showed that the implementation of reward and punishment for credit customers at the LPD Kesiman had gone well, rewards were given in the form of ease in managing credit, priority was given to credit, service and faster credit disbursement. Provision of punishment in the form of warning letters up to three times, summons to the LPD Kesiman office regarding bad credit constraints, as well as withdrawing credit collateral to be sold/auctioned to cover the amount of bad customer debt. The application of reward and punishment provides two types of implications for the Kesiman LPD, namely: the impact on credit development and the impact on the level of discipline of customers/debtors at the LPD Kesiman.

Topology analysis of the Ripple transaction network

AbstractThe Ripple network is one typical blockchain‐based decentralized credit network, which supports money transfer without physical money movement by only transferring the credits between participants. It is critical to obtain a deep understanding on the characteristics of the payment networks while optimizing the network design and transaction routing. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis to the Ripple transaction network, including two subnets formed by the two key functionalities, that is, Ripple Direct Payment Network (RDPN) and Ripple Credit Payment Network (RCPN). The analysis is performed with different network metrics, including clustering coefficient, centrality, and so on. Furthermore, this paper provides an in‐depth analysis on the node degrees and edge weights, which reflect the number of transacted accounts of an account and the number of transactions between two accounts. The results show that the network is highly imbalanced and concentrated with a few nodes and edges holding most of the resources. Moreover, RDPN and RCPN show different characteristics in terms of transmitted and received transactions, the senders are more concentrated in RDPN, whereas in RCPN, the receivers are more concentrated.

Spending Responses to the Child Tax Credit Expansions

This article summarizes research literature that has studied how people used the advance Child Tax Credit (CTC) payments that were disbursed by the IRS in 2021. Four primary findings emerge. The ways in which families used the advance CTC payments varied: during the first few months the payments were being distributed, families reported paying down debt more frequently; and in the final months of the payments, families reported more frequent spending. Families primarily used the monthly CTC on household necessities and child-related spending. There was heterogeneity in the spending response across income and race. Lastly, the CTC helped families deal with rising inflation. We discuss these four findings from the extant research in detail.

Upaya Penyelesaian Kredit Macet Dana Bergulir di Unit Pengelola Kegiatan (Upk) Kecamatan Jeumpa Kabupaten Aceh Barat Daya

Savings and loans revolving fund PNPM Mandiri Rural in the UPK Jeumpa District, Aceh Barat Daya Regency has been running since 2009 until now, but in its implementation many loans are experiencing bottlenecks because the borrower group does not use the loan in accordance with the agreement letter.The purpose of this study was to determine the efforts to resolve bad loans and the obstacles in the settlement of non-performing loans in revolving funds at the UPK Jeumpa District, Southwest Aceh Regency. This research is an empirical juridical research using descriptive analysis method that describes efforts to resolve bad loans.The results of this study indicate that the settlement of bad debts is carried out by the following mechanism, arrears in the first month are given a verbal warning to the group leader, if the first method does not work then a warning letter will be given three times in a row and if the debtor still does not have good intentions To pay off the credit, the UPK will make efforts to save the credit, namely the confiscation of the collateral. Furthermore, a negotiated settlement is carried out for debtors who have good intentions, namely by providing credit relief by extending the loan period. As for the obstacles in resolving bad loans, there are debtors who have bad intentions who intentionally do not complete their credit payments, the spread of the Corona Virus which has an impact on the community's economy, business failures that result in debtors having difficulty completing their loans, and the UPK's lack of firmness in imposing sanctions on debtors. or groups of borrowers who are in arrears, so that the debtor ignores the sanctions.Suggestions for the Activity Management Unit (UPK), to be more thorough, careful and careful in choosing groups to be given loans, and to collect regularly, in an effort to settle bad loans, the UPK should be more strict with debtors who violate the agreement by providing heavier sanctions so that the debtor feels deterred. And for the Women's Savings and Loans group (SPP) it is expected that they fulfill the agreements that have been made and mutually agreed upon so as not to cause problems in the future.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KREDIT MACET PADA KOPERASI SIMPAN PINJAM SEJAHTERA (KSP) DI KOTA MATARAM

Cooperatives are a form of non-bank financial institutions that are already operating. One of them is a savings and loan cooperative. Savings and loan cooperative activities that provide credit to members. Borrowing from savings and loan cooperatives is faster and easier in the loan disbursement process compared to borrowing at a bank. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that influence bad credit at the Prosperous Savings and Loans Cooperative (KSP) in the city of Mataram. The data in this study were obtained using non-participant observation methods, interviews and documentation. Data analysis techniques used data reduction, data presentation and data verification. The results of this study indicate the factors of bad credit in cooperatives that cause failures or calamities that befall members' businesses, causing cooperative members to lose their business and directly affect ongoing credit payments resulting in bad credit. Of all the problems that exist, this research provides a solution for bad credit, namely by visiting the homes of members who have bad credit so that communication does not break up between the cooperative and members who are experiencing bad credit, if it is due the credit member can pay interest on the loan before paying the loan tree.

Implementation of Mechine Learning Eligibility for Customer Credit Payments at Bank BTN Using the K – Nearst Neighbor Algorithm

Credit is the provision of money or bills that can be equated with that, based on a loan agreement or agreement between a bank and another party that requires the borrower to pay off the debt after a certain period of time with interest (Government of Indonesia, 1998). In its initial development, credit had a function in stimulating mutual assistance aimed at meeting needs, both in the field of business and meeting daily needs.In developing applications, it is necessary to predict applications at Bank BTN Medan accurately, accurate prediction results are very important in showing the right rating and decision-making in selecting customers. When customers experience arrears, the system used by Bank BTN Medan is still manual and has not applied predication in credit arrears to customers of Bank BTN Medan. Tests carried out in this test use a credit customer dataset from Bank BTN Medan. This study predicts the eligibility of customer credit payments at Bank BTN with the K – Nearst neighbor algorithm. The prediction of the level of smoothness of credit payments is made using K-Nearest Neighbor in order to be able to predict the smoothness of future credit payments.

Farmer perspectives on carbon markets incentivizing agricultural soil carbon sequestration

Climate change mitigation efforts to achieve net-zero emissions require not only decreasing current greenhouse gas emissions, but also the deployment of negative emissions technologies. Soil organic carbon sequestration in agricultural lands is one such negative emissions strategy, currently being incentivized predominantly through voluntary carbon offset markets. Through semi-structured interviews, we assess both conventional and organic farmer perspectives on soil carbon offset programs that have been created in the United States since 2017. The perspectives of farmers both participating and not participating in agricultural soil carbon markets were similar and consistent. Farmers in both groups expressed concerns about the convoluted, burdensome and unpredictable nature of receiving offset credits and emphasized that they were implementing practices for their own business interests and sustainability concerns, not the financial incentive of the generation of carbon credits. Based on our research, carbon offset credit payments for agricultural soil carbon sequestration are largely reaching farmers who were already implementing these beneficial practices or were already strongly interested in implementing these practices, and the payments for the offset credits are seen as a ‘gravy on top’, suggesting that these offset markets face strong challenges of ensuring true additionality essential to effective climate mitigation.

Postal banking and US cash transfer programs: a solution to insufficient financial infrastructure?

Direct cash transfers to households during the COVID-19 pandemic, including relief checks and Child Tax Credit payments, were delayed by weeks for recipients without bank accounts and were not received by many non-filers who lacked the time or resources to complete necessary paperwork. A postal banking system has the potential to expand access to financial infrastructure and enable the rapid distribution of resources to households in need during economic downturns – often the same households that are currently excluded from the financial system. This paper examines the history of the US Postal Savings System and the feasibility of a return to postal banking using evidence on the socioeconomic and spatial patterns of financial exclusion. We find that postal banks would be well positioned to compete with both alternative and conventional financial institutions, address issues with physical branch access, and improve outreach to vulnerable populations.

Reducing Poverty and Building Capacity—Perceived Child and Family Impacts of the Child Tax Credit Expansion

This study aims to evaluate the perceived impact of the Child Tax Credit expansion on families’ physical, mental, and financial well-being utilizing rigorous qualitative methodology. Parents (n = 40, ages: 20–49 years, median income: $36,000–48,000/year) in the southeastern USA completed interviews in October–November of 2020 after they received 3–4 monthly Child Tax Credit payments. Parents were classified into two groups (e.g., household income above [n = 21] vs. below [n = 19] 200% of the federal poverty line) for qualitative inductive analysis. Pre-ECTC themes were mapped onto the Hidden Dimensions of Poverty Framework. Across income groups, the expansion positively impacted family relationships, reduced stress, and facilitated meeting routine needs (e.g., food, housing costs). Parents with low-income were empowered to purchase greater volumes of food and invest in quality-of-life improvements (e.g., child extracurricular programming, family outings) for their children. Parents expressed disappointment around the expansion’s termination in December of 2021. The expanded Child Tax Credit empowered families to improve their well-being and reduced financial and emotional burdens. Personal anecdotes of public experiences with policy change can have a significant impact on federal policy decision-making. Parents perceived the ECTC improved their family well-being and desired its maintenance. This unconditional income assistance may be a viable strategy to significantly improve quality of life, if sustained long term. The health impacts and the cost benefit of this policy change should be evaluated.

Fintech (Financial Technology) Dalam Sistem Pembayaran Non Tunai Di Perbankan Syariah (Studi Kasus Pada Bank Muamalat KCP Lamongan)

This study aims to find about: (1) fintech service in the mobile banking-based non-cash payment system (Muamalat-DIN) at Bank Muamalat KCP Lamongan: (2) implementation of fintech in the mobile banking-based non-cash payment system (Muamalat-DIN) at Bank Muamalat KCP Lamongan. This study uses a descriptive qualitative research method. The results of this study are: (1) fintech services in the non-cash payment system in Muamalat-DIN are transfers, QRIS, credit top-ups, internet credit top-ups, electronic money top-ups, google play voucher codes, spotify premium, postpaid credit payments, PLN electricity, Telkom, cable TV, PDAM, IPB campus education payments, airplane tickets, ZISWAF, family takaful, BPJS employment, BPJS health, SAMSAT/SIGNAL, BPJPH, virtual accounts, multi payments, and hijrah pensions (DPLK); (2) the implementation of fintech at Bank Muamalat varies, there are Muamalat-DIN, phone banking, internet banking, MADINA, online share-e debit, and ATMs. The most popular Fintech at Bank Muamalat KCP Lamongan is Muamalat-DIN. In Muamalat-DIN, customers of Bank Muamalat KCP Lamongan often use services in the form of transfer, QRIS, credit top-ups and internet credit top-ups, electronic money top-ups, payment services such as PLN electricity, Telkom, PDAM, ZISWAF, BPJS for employment, BPJS for health, virtual accounts, and hijrah pension (DPLK). This fintech implementation has benefits for banks and customers, the benefit for Bank Muamalat KCP Lamongan is that it will have a wider reach, operational and marketing costs are more economical. And the benefits felt by customers are that transactions are easier, faster, accessible 24 hours because access is via a smartphone, and customers don't need to carry a lot of cash everywhere.

Housing Credit Payment Information System Using the Sliding Rate Method

Perumahan merupakan kebutuhan dasar yang penting bagi kehidupan manusia. Sebagian masyarakat mengandalkan fasilitas kredit pemilikan rumah (KPR) untuk mewujudkan kepemilikan rumah mereka. Untuk itu Bank Paro Dana menawarkan KPR dalam mendukung kebutuhan masyarakat yang terus meningkat akan perumahan. Namun, penting bagi nasabah untuk memahami mekanisme perhitungan dan sistem pembayaran KPR yang aman dan sesuai dengan kebutuhan, serta memahami tingkat bunga yang bervariasi dalam KPR dan berhati-hati menghadapi ketidakpastian suku bunga pasar. Permasalahan yang ditemui selama ini yaitu besarnya bunga dan angsuran yang harus dibayarkan Sehingga diperlukan metode yang efektif dan efisien dalam pengelolaan pembayaran cicilan KPR, yang didukung dengan pengembangan sistem informasi yang dapat mengelola perhitungan cicilan bulanan secara otomatis dan transparan, serta membantu nasabah dalam pembayaran angsuran. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan menerapkan metode sliding rate dalam sistem informasi pembayaran kredit pemilikan rumah. Hasil pengujian dengan teknik whitebox diperoleh hasil V(G) = 2 dan Cyclometic Complexity (CC) = 2 sehingga sistem yang diusulkan dapat disimpulkan terbukti efektif dan efisien. Dengan adanya sistem ini, diharapkan kualitas layanan kepada nasabah dapat ditingkatkan melalui sistem informasi yang lebih baik dan memberikan kontribusi positif dalam pengembangan sistem pembayaran KPR, sehingga memberikan manfaat maksimal bagi semua pihak yang terlibat.

Analysis of Residential Property Market Value Using Market and Cost Approach

Banks require guarantees as a benchmark for lending and alternative payments when there is a bottleneck in credit payments. This research aims to determine the market value of residential property in the form of a house which is used as a basis for guaranteeing debt in the Malang City area. The market value is obtained with a market approach using a market data comparison method and a cost approach with a market data comparison method to find land market values ​​and the depreciated replacement cost method to find building market values. This type of research is descriptive quantitative. The data used was a medium-sized residential house as the object of valuation and three comparative data in the form of residential houses that have the same characteristics to find the market value of residential houses using the market approach. While in the cost approach, three comparative data of vacant land were used to find the land market value. This valuation resulted in a market value of IDR 3,009,000,000 which was obtained from the reconciliation of market values ​​in the market approach of IDR 3,175,529,000 and the cost approach of IDR 2,758,384,000. The liquidation value is set at 70% of the market value, which is IDR 2,106,000,000.

The Evolution of Marxist Theory of Financial Capital in the ACC Payment Model

Abstract Since the late 1970s, a series of profound changes have occurred in developed capitalist countries. The most prominent is the increasing virtualization and financialization of the capitalist economy. Financial leverage has been increasing under the ACC payment model in the financial supply chain. In order to study the evolution of Marxist financial capital theory under the ACC payment model, this paper mathematically models supply chain finance under the ACC payment model by analyzing early payment, immediate payment, and credit payment in the process of ordering, receiving, and selling in the supply chain, followed by the monopoly position of financial capital in the U.S. economy and U.S. national income under economic virtualization. From 1995 to 2016, total U.S. financial assets as a percentage of GDP grew from 113.6% to 425.5%, a growth rate of 274.56%. The average percentage of U.S. government bonds to GDP was 39.16%. U.S. non-financial business as a percentage of GDP has grown at an average annual rate of only 1.62% over the last 20 years. Under economic virtualization, the median annual U.S. household income has largely trended downward since 2002, and in 2016 the median annual U.S. household income fell to $49,100, essentially the same as in 1995. Annual per capita income is also declining in the U.S.; in 2016 was already nearly $2,200 less than in 1995. The ACC payment model allows financial capital to add value by detaching itself from the production process, and the faster it adds value, the more it stimulates credit expansion. From a Marxist perspective, the bourgeoisie’s use of virtual financial capital for the continuous plundering of global capital has led to unbalanced global economic development and a growing gap between the rich and poor of people, thus intensifying the basic contradictions of capitalism, which is a warning for the development of the global economy nowadays.

Research on the Impact of Internet Consumer Credit Products on College Students' Consumption Behavior: Take Huabei as an Example

With the continuous development of science and technology, my country's Internet financial market is developing rapidly, and products have shown a trend of diversified innovation. The Internet consumer’s credit products on the market mainly include Huabei (Consumer’s Credit Pay of Ant Financial), JD Baitiao (Consumer’s Credit Pay in JD), VIPshop (Consumer’s Credit Pay in VIPS). Because these credit payments are personalized and convenient, they are loved by the majority of students. This article adopts a survey method for questionnaires, which uses Guangzhou university students as the research object to investigate and analyze the use of Huabei. Based on the results of questionnaires, it is found that some college students have the phenomenon of lack of advanced consumption and awareness when using Huabei. Although college students can alleviate short-term insufficient short -term insufficient short-term funding when using HUABEI, many borrowing platforms have not yet perfected standardized standardized management systems. There is still a place in the starting stage. In order to ensure the property security of college students, the platform should improve the construction of relevant laws and regulations, put forward suggestions on the target of the problems of college students, so that college students can establish healthy and reasonable consumption habits, and promote the development of the Internet consumer credit market.