Creative Path Research Articles

Architect Nina Anatolievna Rumyantseva (10.12.1916 – 16.11.2007)

The article is devoted to the biography and creative work of the Soviet architect Nina Anatolievna Rumyantseva. Nina Anatolievna’s life and creative path are related to a significant geography of places – from Kazakhstan, Western and Eastern Siberia to the Far East and the capital of the country, which can be considered a vivid reflection of the specifics of the Soviet time. The years of her creative activity, particularly in Irkutsk, fell on the late 1940s – early 1970s and coincided with the period of intensive development of Eastern Siberia. For the first time the pages of N. A. Rumyantseva’s life and a detailed list of her works are presented in the most complete way. The material is based on documents from the archive of the Irkutsk regional organisation of the Union of Architects, on personal recollections of Nina Anatolievna and her colleagues.

Theatre for Zheleznogorsk in the architect G. P. Stepanov’s creative activity

23 February 2024 marks the 100th anniversary of the birth of Georgy Petrovich Stepanov (1924-2007), a Soviet and Russian architect, Doctor of Art History, Professor, Honoured Art Worker of the RSFSR, Honorary Member of the Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences. A major project implemented by G. P. Stepanov was a theatre for Zheleznogorsk in the Krasnoyarsk region. On the basis of the revealed archival data and published materials, the stages of the search for the architectural appearance of the theatre building for the Siberian city are restored. The structure built in neoclassical style influenced the further creative path of the Leningrad architect and the directions of his scientific interests and pedagogical work.

THE CREATIVE PATH OF A.F. LOSEV (STAGES AND DIRECTIONS): “GOING INTO THE ABYSS OF HISTORY...”

In the article devoted to the 130th anniversary of the birth of the outstanding scientist, philosopher and theologian A.F. Losev, the main stages and directions of his creative path in the context of the formation of the national history of the twentieth century are considered. The question of the epistemological status of his works in the historical and cultural space of modern cognition is discussed. The stylistics of Losev’s thinking is analysed and the question about the prospects of studying his creative heritage is raised.

“I collect the rosary from words...”: Poetic features of Razil Valeev’s verses

The article describes the life and creative path of Razil Valeev, analyzes his poetic works and determines the poet’s place in Tatar poetry of the second half of the 20th–early 21st centuries. Although the writer worked fruitfully in all three forms of verbal art, it was in the poetic field that he became famous as a talented poet. This article proves that many poet’s works have become “programmatic” for Tatar poetry and identifies the main trends in his literary career. The central motifs and innovations, introduced by R. Valeev into the concept of the lyrical hero and the verse poetics, are presented in the context of the literary process of the second half of the 20th–early 21st centuries. As a result of our analysis, we trace a revival of rebellious traditions in R. Valeev’s works; against this background, we reveal the concept of his lyrical hero, as well as his system of motifs. The poet revived avant-garde traditions in the spirit of Taktash, successfully used Aesopian language through symbolic images and referred to the folk style in spiritual lyrical poetry.

Piano pedagogy and concert activity of A. Siloti in the context of musical education in the USA

Since during the period of Soviet Union it was forbidden to study the activities of emigrants, purely scientific works dedicated to A. Siloti appeared only in 2000. Naturally, American scientists were the first to study the life and creative path of the artist. The purpose of the study is to reveal such key vectors of activity of the prominent representative of the Russian Diaspora A. Siloti during his stay in exile in the United States as a concert pianist and piano teacher. Due to the revolutionary events, he emigrated in 1919 first to Finland, then to France, Belgium and England, and finally stopped his search in the United States in 1921. In 1925 he began teaching at the Juilliard School of Music. Thus, the article reveals the circumstances under which the decision was made to emigrate, A. Siloti’s concert activities in the first years after moving to and his pedagogical style in Juilliard. Since the Juilliard School was one of the first institutions of higher music education in the United States in the early twentieth century, the key task of the study is to determine the role of A. Siloti in the history of music education.

THE TWO-FACED WORLD OF THEATRE: THEATRICAL BACKSTAGE IN A.N. OSTROVSKY’S PLAYS AND IN “THE MEMORIESˮ OF A.Y. PANAEVA

The article deals with the selected plays of A.N. Ostrovsky which are about the life of actors (“The Forestˮ, 1872; “The talents and fansˮ, 1882) and “The Memoriesˮ of A.Y. Panaeva. The author of the article reveals the reasons why writers turned to the topic of the theater, the specifics of the image of the actor’s personality and his life, focusing on the ambivalence of the actor’s image in the public mind, as well as on the ethical components of the personality actor’s, described by Ostrovsky and Panaeva. Further, the author of the article compares the fictional images of the actors in Ostrovsky’s plays with real personalities, whose life and creative path was described in Panaeva’s “Memoirsˮ, revealing similarities. The article tells us about the reasons for the actors’ poor conditions, their dependence on theatrical officials, on the tastes of an indiscriminate public, that is accustomed to the translated repertoire and wants to see only entertainment in the theater, but not a way to enrich themselves spiritually. A.N. Ostrovsky, author of the fiction, and A.Y. Panaeva, the author of the documentary prose, form images of actors with similar character traits (nobility, faith in their work, respect for their own craft, tragic perception of reality) and falling into the same life circumstances, which indicates Ostrovsky’s desire to get away from the conventions and theatrical traditions that had existed before and create a new realistic theater.

Academician A.N. Kryukov is one of the founders of Russian hematology (on the 145th anniversary of his birth)

The article presents the life and creative path of an outstanding Russian hematologist, an excellent clinician, a talented healthcare organizer, a well-known public figure, the founder of one of the largest hematology schools in our country, academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Honored Scientist of the Uzbek SSR Professor Alexander Nikolaevich Kryukov.

Enhancing the efficiency of SnS-based solar cells using a GLAD technique and CZTSSe layer

SnS is rapidly gaining popularity as a promising material for developing solar technologies owing to its remarkable absorption coefficient, ability to reduce environmental effects, and streamlined manufacturing expenses. However, the SnS-based solar cells' efficiency is still limited due to interface losses. So, this study opens up a creative path by implementing the glancing angle deposition (GLAD) approach and introducing a CZTSSe layer with the goal of improving the performance of SnS-based solar cells. The deposition angle of the SnS layer and its effects on the bandgap properties of SnS solar cell are closely examined. The findings of this investigation offer valuable insights for enhancing the design of SnS-based solar cells and making them more efficient. The results show that by altering the deposition angle, the efficiency is enhanced from 7.83 % to 12.17 %. Additionally, to further boost the efficiency of the SnS solar cell, the thickness and doping concentration of the CZTSSe layer are also being analysed. The final efficiency of 14.02 % has been achieved with the open circuit voltage of 0.68 V for the SnS solar cell.

The legacy of the Altai composer Afanasy Stepanovich Anokhin as a focus of the formation of the national choral culture of the mid-twentieth century

The authors of the article consider the main directions of the development of choral culture of the twentieth century in the context of domestic and regional socio-cultural processes through the prism of the legacy of the multifaceted creative personality of A. S. Anokhin, as well as through the analysis of the biography and creative path of the composer, based on his diaries and memoirs; presenting his views on the historical events of that time from the point of view of the musician and a teacher. The figure of Afanasy Stepanovich Anokhin is one of the key figures in the musical education and enlightenment of the Altai Territory in the XX century, about his creative and educational activities. The novelty of the research lies in the reconstruction of the integral creative image of the composer in the context of the formation of musical culture in the Soviet period in the Altai Territory. In this work, for the first time, a complete list of the composer's published works is published. A. S. Anokhin's main compositional legacy is connected with mass songwriting, one of the most popular genres of the Soviet era. The article also examines the development of musical and choral culture in the Altai Territory from amateur groups to professional performance and the development of musical education throughout the twentieth century, as well as raises issues of preservation and reclamation of regional cultural heritage.

Tatsuno architectural style in Manchuria

The main goal of the article is to study the transformation of the style of banking and consular institutions in Manchuria in comparison with its Japanese counterparts. The first part of the work provides an introduction and indicates the relevance of the topic. The author of the architectural style of tatsuno is the architect Kingo Tatsuno. The article carries out an analysis of his creative path and identifies his main buildings, which later formed into a separate style. The continuity of tatsuno to the German Renaissance is shown, the main elements of the style are revealed. Most of the Japanese buildings were concentrated in the southeast of the region, in the cities of Dalian, Yingkou, Shenyang, Tieling and Changchun. Five banks and four tatsuno-style consulates have been identified. The work shows a detailed architectural analysis with the identification of classical and non-traditional elements within the style. The conclusion section summarizes the data obtained and shows the Russian influence on some Japanese buildings.

Рецензия на альбом-каталог: Владимир Попов. Каллиграфия. Автор-составитель Л.Н. Донина (Казань, 2019. 400 с.)

The article is devoted to the illustrated-annotated album-catalogue “Vladimir Popov. Calligraphy,” representing one of the stages of the work of the famous artist. Works by V.A. Popov's are found to be of ever-increasing relevance – in connection with Russia's new turn towards the ideas of Eurasianism, towards cooperation with the countries of the East, an important mediator of which is Tatarstan. The calligraphic works of the master are shown in the context of his life and creative path involved with with the history of the country and the region, the development of the Tatar national culture and the Arabographic art of the republic. This reflects the uniqueness of the author’s concept of L.N. Donina, expressed in a detailed display of the creative path and civic stance of the artist. The reviewer notes the depth of the publication author's search for the meaning of V.A. Popov’s turn to Islamic graphics. This stage of his biography is interpreted as a period of finding answers to important life questions that were posed and solved by the artist. In the wisdom of Islam, he finds those ideas that resonate with his own spiritual search and do not contradict the postulates of other world religions. He expresses them in his characteristic expressive manner, using a wide range of means of artistic expression developed by him in previous years. This gives the author a reason to characterise the master’s work of this period as a synthesis of Tatar and Russian cultures, traditions of East and West. The article concludes that the work under review is an independent research work in which L.N. Donina, in addition to the main art criticism, uses general scientific and historical approaches. Album-catalogue “Vladimir Popov. Calligraphy” is certainly a creative achievement of the author.

MOTIVATING FORCES IN THE FORMATION OF THE PEDAGOGICAL PERSONA OF IOANN MAXIMOVICH

The article examines the life and creative path of the prominent Ukrainian educator, Ioann Maximovich. The study explores the motivating forces that contributed to the development and determined the success of Ioann Maximovich as an educator, spiritual enlightener, preacher, and missionary. His personality, ideas, and approaches are analyzed, with special attention given to the motivating forces that influenced his formation and development as an educator, enlightener, spiritual and public figure. These include his educational environment, mentors, historical events of that time, and more. The article helps to better understand the motivating forces that influenced the formation of Ioann Maximovich as a prominent figure in the national history.

In memory of Professor Vladimir Alexandrovich Klevno

On August 25, 2023, forensic medicine in Russia suffered an irreparable loss: our colleague and friend, the editor-in-chief of the journal Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine, Professor Vladimir A. Klevno, passed away.
 The article provides information about the life and creative path of a prominent figure of Russian forensic medicine, MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor Vladimir A. Klevno health care organiser, head of the Department of Forensic Medicine of the Faculty of Forensic Medicine of the Vladimirsky Moscow Medical Institute, certified doctor in forensic medicine and health care organisation, academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, member of the Council of the National Medical Chamber, president of the Association of Forensic Medicine and editor-in-chief Russian Journal of Forensiс Medicine.

Personal book collections in the library fund of the Military Medical Academy

The purpose of the article is to reveal the role and importance of personal book collections for the formation of the library fund of the Military Medical Academy, as a unique information resource for educational, scientific and practical activities. The historical chain of library patronage is traced in the form of the donation to the library of entire book collections or their fragments by private individuals - representatives of various estates and social groups: statesmen, princes, merchants, publishers, bibliophiles. Information is provided on the largest donations of books and book collections by professors of the Academy and their heirs, on the further fate of these gifts. Among the professors-donors, the names of the leaders of the library are named: V.A. Manassein, A.R. Voynich-Syanozhentsky, D.P. Radoslavova. The origins of the formation of a long tradition of arranging separate cabinets for storing personal libraries of prominent representatives of medical science are considered. In different historical periods, there were personal cabinets of A.G. Bakherakht, Ya.V. Willie, D.I. Kashlakova, S.P. Botkin. The tradition continues to this day: in September 2022, the VMedA library solemnly accepted part of the personal book collection of Academician V.O. Samoilov, placed in a special cabinet, stylized as antique library furniture, which was taken care of by the students and followers of the scientist. Nowadays, the criteria and approaches to evaluating personal libraries are changing: the preservation of their integrity is of particular importance. There comes an understanding that the personal libraries of scientists are of particular interest for historical research: to study the biography, creative path, sources of intellectual development, the network of scientific communications of their owners, to reconstruct their personality and their fate. But only if the libraries are available for study in their entirety, without exceptions. Most of the collections turned out to be scattered in the fund without any hope of re-creation and reunification, at least virtual - in the form of bibliographic lists. Based on the foregoing, it was concluded that there are a number of problems in maintaining the collection unity of personal book collections, modern methods for solving these problems, including those based on the use of special library technologies, are proposed.

Yakym Zapasko is an outstanding scientist and educator (to the 100th anniversary of his birth)

The time of the attack on Ukrainian values - territory, language, history, it is extremely important to maintain the memory of outstanding figures of Ukrainian culture, to which J. P. Zapasko belongs. The achievements of the scientist in the field of research of ancient Ukrainian books, decorative and applied art of Ukraine, his organizational contribution to the development of Ukrainian science and education are monumental. Contemporaries equate it with a feat. August 2023 marked the one hundredth anniversary of the birth of Yakym Prokhorovych (born on August 28, 1923 in the village of Rozsishki in Kyiv Oblast (now Cherkasy Oblast), died on November 1, 2007 in Lviv. Buried at the Lychakiv Cemetery). The purpose of the publication was to recall the life and activity of the scientist, his scientific output, which includes more than 500 works, work in the field of art pedagogy, organization of the cultural process in Ukraine. The proposed article outlines the life and creative path of Y. P. Zapasko, main features of his personality, contribution to Ukrainian and world science and education, analyzes some aspects of the most outstanding scientific works of the scientist, which are related to efforts to defend national identity. The source of the research was the creative work of J.P. Zapasko, articles about him, memories of contemporaries, the author of this publication, and the good memory of the scientist's wife Maria Andronivna Zapasko, whose selfless efforts were directed to support and ensure the scientific creativity and pedagogical work of her husband. From the distance of time, on the basis of printed sources, manuscripts, memories, it is possible to once again draw a conclusion about the remarkable scientific contribution of the scientist, the significant and fruitful organizational efforts of the educator, the impeccable moral image of the Ukrainian Yakym Zapaskas, his unyielding imperative in life, which consisted in serving Ukrainian culture, which can be an indisputable example for modern Ukrainian youth

The life and work of an artist-teacher in the Southern Urals as a manifestation of Social and Professional Heroism (based on biographical data about Victoria Mukhametovna Pitirimova)

The relevance of this study is due to the fact that the images of heroes reflect the values of society and realize the function of transmitting these values from generation to generation. The images contribute to the formation of ideological attitudes of society, and are a of spiritual support for both an individual and entire multiethnic nation. Outstanding artists are not only masters, but also teachers, mentors who convey not only knowledge, but also a worldview, national consciousness and ideals, the position of a citizen, educate spiritual and moral principles. The purpose of the study is the life and creative path of V. M. Pitirimova as a manifestation of the professional and social heroism of the artist-teacher in the difficult socio-economic conditions of life in Russia at the end of the XX-beginning of the XXI century. The object of research is the biography, the path of creative and professional development of Victoria Mukhametovna Pitirimova. The subject of the research is artistic and pedagogical techniques and methods used by Pitirimova Victoria Mukhametovna, her moral guidelines. The research is based on an interview with the main character of the study – V. M. Pitirimova, in which she gives an interpretation of her key creative and pedagogical achievements. In the course of the study, historical-systemic, historical-genetic, historical-biographical and diachronic methods were applied. Based on the materials obtained in the course of the study, an attempt is made to present the main milestones of the life and work of the artist and teacher Pitirimova Victoria Mukhametovna in the most complete and consistent way.The scientific novelty of the research lies in the introduction into scientific circulation of previously unexplored and unpublished information about the creative and professional achievements of Victoria Mukhametovna.

Volodymyr Bakhtov’s Creativity in the Context of the «New Archeology» of the Late 1980s to 2000s

The article is dedicated to the work of one of the interesting contemporary Ukrainian artists – Volodymyr Bakhtov. His creative path began in the mid – 1970s in the field of graphics, in which the artist bypassed the influence of socialist realism, immediately defining his main theme: the history and culture of Southern Ukraine. His series of etchings, which were awarded numerous international and domestic awards, metaphorically reproduced and figuratively interpreted the layering of cultural epochs that influenced the culture of the region. At the end of the 1980s, he turned to the contemporary artistic practices – land art, performance art, art objects, and later – to original light actions in the author’s technology «geliograffiti», which together are part of the «new archeology» that marked an important trend in contemporary art. Its emergence is connected with the idea of «revision» of culture, analysis of its experience. Similar searches are directed to the expansion of the cultural space, actualization of its historical layers in the public consciousness. The theme of V. Bakhtov’s «artistic research» was the antique heritage of the Northern Black Sea region, in particular the ancient Greek city of Olbia, which is now an archaeological reserve, and the disappeared monuments of architecture and history of the region. The artist’s long-term creative project in his own figurative way «reconstructs» the ancient heritage within the culture of Ukraine, connects it with the great European oecumen, emphasizes the role and importance of the ancient cities of the Northern Black Sea region in the formation of the Ukrainian cultural space. V. Bakhtov’s works represent artistic research and reconstruction of cultural and natural features of the historical landscape, thus combining archaeological and ecological intentions, and the language of modern art makes it possible to emphasize the special dialogic nature of the author’s expression, actively involving the viewer in participation. The artist’s work synthesizes historical-research and figurative-metaphorical components.

To the anniversary of Professor Svetlana I. Belyanina

The article is devoted to the description of the life and creative path of the Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor of the Department of General Biology, Pharmacognosy and Botany of the Saratov State Medical University n. a. V.I. Razumovsky Svetlana Ivanovna Belyanina. Professional activity of S. I. Belyanina is associated with cyto-genetics and entomology. The range of her scientific interests is fundamental cytogenetic problems, in particular, the organization of interphase giant chromosomes and their functional activity in eukaryotic organisms — on the example of dipteran insect larvae — chironomids.

The photographic image of works of art as an instrument of expert appraisal and attribution (on the example of paintings and drawings by V. I. Shukhaev)

The article is based on a study of paintings and drawings by Vasily Ivanovich Shukhaev (1887–1973) from the collections of state museums and private collections, as well as from works available on the antiques market. The study again poses the question of artwork appraisal and attribution and, accordingly, of research methods and tools used by experts. The appraisal and attribution practice of the author of this article has shown the importance of using photographic images of works of art, museum and exhibition displays and interiors of residential premises that captured the works examined, and photographs of natural landscapes taken by artists himself. Of particular value are photographs taken during the author’s lifetime and received in archival storage from his collection. In addition to the above, these include photographs containing inscriptions on the passe-partout or on the back. All this material allows one to imagine what the lost works of art looked like, provides a basis for confirming the authorship and date of creation of the artist’s works, makes it possible to identify variants and copies of paintings, exclude fakes, show stages and peculiarities in the creation of a work of art by the artist, and in some cases witness the repainting of works many years later, which was typical of V.I. Shukhaev. The use of photographic images in expert attribution work can concretize and visualize the creative path and activity of the artist, which is important for objective study of their art and can be used in research, museum exhibition, and educational work by humanities specialists.

KYIV ARCHITECTURE OF THE SECOND HALF OF THE 20TH CENTURY: BIOGRAPHY OF THE ARCHITECT IN THE CONTEXT OF THE ERA (CREATIVE PATH OF ARCHITECT OLEKSANDR HORBYK)

The contextuality of the life and creative path of the architect's personality is emphasized in relation to the social-cultural and political-ideological conditions of the era, which are the framework of development. The political-economic, moral-worldview, and cultural changes in the society are considered and the corresponding stylistic changes in the architecture of Kyiv in the 50s-90s of the 20th century are characterized. It is shown how drastically and in connection with what the priorities in the architecture of Ukraine changed every ten years and how, in the fight against these challenges, the professional path of the generation that was born during the times of Stalinist repressions and war, grew up in the conditions of stable state-political regulation and culture of enlightenment, realized its life potential in the conditions of economic crisis and state collapse, grew old in the conditions of the new statehood, new social relations and technological transformations. The life and creative path of the Kyiv architect Oleksandr Horbyk is a revealing illustration of both realized opportunities and limitations created. The taste formed by the post-war historical center of Kyiv, the academic university education acquired at the Kyiv institute of Architecture had a limited opportunity to be realized in the practice of typical architecture - functional and combinatory in planning and constructive components. Such recreation centers in the Crimea and on the rivers and lakes of Ukraine, large-panel schools and kindergartens in Kyiv have proven the success of the architectural solution by the practice of functioning to this day. However, typical projects created certain ideological narratives of limitation and lack of freedom in the society of users, and the non-realization of creative futuristic and competitive projects belittled the creative potential of the architect. Attempts to diversify the professional path with teaching and scientific activities, artistic creativity, sports and travels, raising a dynasty of scientists were a certain compensator. The article contains data on the design practice of the Kyiv, list of scientific publications on the actual scientific topics of the second half of the 20th century.