Creation Of Parks Research Articles

REAL AND POTENTIAL GEOTOURISM RESOURCES OF WESTERN UKRAINE

The article analyzes real and potential geotourism resources and geotourism sites and products on the example of the region of Western Ukraine (8 administrative regions). From the point of view of theory and methodology, regional analysis of geotourism is based on the scientific and practical aspects of geotourism as a form of activity based on geoheritage exploration. The research algorithm assumed the allocation of geotourism regions taking into account the geological and geomorphological component and the study of their real geotourism resources, presented in the form of geotourism sites and products. Geomorphological taxa at the level of regions and subregions for plain, highland, and mountainous areas are considered as geotourism regions of Western Ukraine. The main geotourism sites in the region are represented by rock and cave formations, residual hills and mountain peaks, unique geological outcrops and morphological landscapes, ancient and modern mine tunnel, specialized museums and educational centers. The paper characterizes the main types of geotourism services and products that are provided on the basis of the main groups of geotourism sites. The main functions performed by geotourism sites for their visitors were highlighted: from scientific-educational and aesthetic-educational to cultural-historical and sports and health functions. The geotourism potential of the main selected geotourism regions was also considered. The conducted research resulted in a developed typification of geotourism sites of Western Ukraine by specialization, level of tourist facilities and service, degree of attendance. According to the nature of specialization, geotourism sites were classified as follows: mainly geotourism, ecotourism-geotourism, cultural geotourism, mountainous geotourism, industrial geotourism. Evaluation of geotourism sites was carried out on the possibility of arranging individual and group tours with the appropriate informational and educational services. Karst caves of Podillia, canyon-like sections of the Dniester and its tributaries, rock complexes of the Carpathians and the Chornohora range with alpine relief have been identified as promising geotourism sites and territories of international importance. The national and regional parks of the region, which are characterized by remarkable geoheritage, have significant potential for the geotourism development. The region of Western Ukraine is favorable for the introduction of innovative forms of geotourism as territorial tourist destinations. The creation of national geoparks and theme parks on the basis of reserves, national and landscape parks and historical and cultural reserves with significant geoheritage is justified. It is essential to further develop geotourism routes of local, regional, national and international importance. Necessary for the prospective development of geotourism in the region is scientific, educational and organizational support for the development and implementation of geotourism projects. Key words: geotourism; resources; sites; attractions; products; geoheritage; region.

Legal Instruments for Solving Socio-Economic Problems in Buchanskyi district of Kyiv region: International Experience and Legislation of Ukraine

The purpose of the article is to identify the legal instruments that can be used to solve the socio-economic problems of post-conflict Ukraine based on the analysis of international experience. The research methods used were: analysis, synthesis, systematic interpretation, comparison, generalization and prognosis, etc. The socio-economic situation in the Buchanskyi district of the Kiev region of Ukraine after the occupation and military actions is considered. Socio-economic problems associated with the occupation and military actions are justified: destroyed housing, transport infrastructure, social infrastructure, industrial facilities and municipal facilities; low level of socio-economic development of the region; outflow of working population, including qualified specialists; lack of workplaces. It is concluded that, to solve the socio-economic problems of post-conflict Ukraine, such legal instruments can be used as: imposition of special economic zones, granting the status of "recovery territory", creation of innovation parks, simplification of permit procedures for the acquisition of land rights and for the start of reconstruction. Finally, the legal norms that are premises for the use of the above-mentioned legal instruments and revealing the directions of their improvement are investigated.

Persistent Partnerships: Collaborating for an Urban Park

As the environmental justice movement has gained recognition, community organizers, industry representatives, and public officials have increasingly been called upon to work together to address environmental injustices through collaborative problem-solving processes. However, collaborative processes do not inherently create just, equitable, and legitimate decision-making forums. The characteristics of environmental justice situations, such as past procedural injustices and high levels of distrust, may complicate such processes. Thus, an exploration of the factors that facilitate and impede collaboration in cases of environmental injustice is warranted. The case study of La Villita Park tells the story of how community-based organizations partnered with city and federal agencies to transform a contaminated site into a community park through collaborative problem-solving. The creation of La Villita Park represents a victory for environmental justice but also highlights the challenges and opportunities of using collaboration to achieve environmental justice. An examination of this case sheds light on the value of trusted and legitimate community leadership, the necessity of employing multiple organizing strategies to create space for community voices, and the importance of transparent communication across all parties. As a result of engaging with this case, readers will be able to explain and analyze how the challenges of collaboration in the environmental justice context manifest themselves and how they can be mitigated.

FGI를 활용한 민간공원 특례사업 평가항목 선정 연구

This study aims to select evaluation items that can be used in planning park creation to evaluate the proposal to solve the environmental and social problems in promoting private-initiated park development projects. To this end, evaluation items that can consider various aspects of the development project were selected, and the indicators’ validity and appropriateness were carried out through an expert Focus Group Interview (FGI). Firstly, an expert FGI was performed for six major categories and 50 evaluation items derived from literature reviews and brainstorming. As a result, five major and 27 middle category items were selected. Based on the derived major and middle classification items, 95 detailed items were selected. Secondly, 55 sub-items were derived through a suitability questionnaire. As a result of the suitability survey, the average scores of the subcategories for the major categories of natural environment, function of parks, and use of land were relatively high. The average scores for environmental index items such as ecology/vegetation, topography and slope, landscape, park service, wildlife, wide-area ecosystem, and park items were high in the middle classification. The average score of indicators in the natural environment was relatively high, and the average score in the function of parks also soared. In the environmental impact assessment, the occurrence of plan change issues, including the reappraisal of the location, led to unclear detailed evaluation factors for the faithfulness of the plan and the appropriateness of the plan direction. This study is significant in that it is a study on the selection of evaluation items that can minimize the problem of plan alteration and achieve objective evaluation when promoting development projects. This study could be used to forward development projects in the future and evaluate long-term unexecuted urban parks.

THE ROLE OF THE CONCEPT OF "GOOD GOVERNANCE" IN THE MANAGEMENT OF HROMADAS

The article emphasizes that decentralization is aimed at significantly improving the quality of services in territorial communities through the use of new management methods. It is substantiated that the following areas require additional support and initiatives: medicine (secondary and higher levels), education (support for basic educational institutions), economy (creation of industrial parks, scientific and technical laboratories, support for startups), housing and communal services (waste management system). The article substantiates the relevance of the work on the development of united territorial communities, based on the implementation of effective anti-corruption measures and modern principles of good governance in the daily practice of management, as these are the priorities set today for local governments. Special attention is paid to the system of "good governance" as the newest form of communication between the public and the authorities. The aspects of improving the governance system are identified. The main management approaches used by successful local governments are described. In order for territorial communities to achieve the results of their activities not only today, but also in the future, modern approaches and practices for the development of dynamic organizations based on trust in government, effective communication, continuous learning and openness to change are proposed. It is proved that in order to bring the system of organization and functioning of public sector institutions closer to business approaches, it is advisable to apply a more business-oriented paradigm of the New Public Management and the principles of good governance. The essence of "good governance" as the newest form of interaction between public authorities and civil society is revealed. Recommendations in the field of management of territorial communities in the light of the concept of good governance are proposed. The aim of the work is to study the role of the newest concept of public administration in the management of territorial communities through a comparative analysis of the postulates related to the process orientation of local government and recommendations for the functioning of public administration in the light of the concept of good governance. The article proposes the use of the good governance cycle and the creation of Project Offices, which can become the basis for formulating recommendations in the field of process orientation in the functioning of the local government apparatus.

Innovative business development in the EAEU countries using digital technologies

Aim. The presented study aims to substantiate the role of digital technologies as a driver of innovative business development in the Eurasian space. Tasks. The authors identify and substantiate trends in innovative business development in the Eurasian space.Methods. This study uses the methods of generalization, comparative analysis, and analysis of sources and statistics on the problems under consideration. The information basis of the study includes data published in relevant Russian and foreign publications from the list of HAC, RSCI, Web of Science, Scopus; platforms such as Crunchbase.com, Forbes, RB.ru, VC.ru, etc.; reports of the Eurasian Economic Commission.Results. The main trends of innovative business development in the Eurasian space include the creation of technoparks and high-tech parks, the development of a system of state grants and the transformation of state corporations, the creation of venture funds, and the development of business angels.Conclusions. The transformation processes in the Eurasian space are uneven among the countries. The pace of innovative development of the EAEU countries is largely influenced by the active attraction of foreign funds and international support from the UN Development Programme and other international institutions. Fundraising, the creation of a scientific and technical base, government support, and the development of digital ecosystems are the key factors and driving forces for the digital transformation of the EAEU countries. Keywords:

The creation of science parks as a factor in the innovative activity development

A comprehensive analysis of the Ukrainian legislation regarding the regulation of innovative activities and their implementation practice indicates the presence of multiple problems of a legislative, organizational, and executive nature in the sphere of regulation, support and development of innovative activities in Ukraine.
 The article analyzes legislative changes regarding the procedure for creating science parks as a part of higher education institutions in their establishment, highlights the positive and negative consequences of such changes for the development of innovative activities.
 The Law of Ukraine "On Science Parks" adopted in 2009 established that only a higher educational institution and/or a scientific institution can initiate the creation of a science park, while not separately regulating "initiation" as a stage in the creation of a science park.
 The author proves that the restraining factors in the creation of a science park in accordance with the specified Law as amended on June 25, 2009 were, firstly, the need to agree the decision on the creation of a science park with the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, the inconsistency of normative legal acts regarding the list of documents, necessary for the approval of the decision on the creation of a scientific park and the terms of approval. Secondly, the mandatory process of adding property rights to objects of intellectual property to the authorized capital of the science park, since in accordance with the Law as amended on June 25, 2009, a higher educational institution and/or a scientific institution participate in the formation of the authorized capital of a scientific park park only by adding intangible assets to it (property rights to intellectual property objects).
 On the basis of a comprehensive analysis of the Law as amended on September 7, 2021 and other legal acts, it was concluded that the procedure for creating science parks was changed only for private institutions of higher education, leaving it unchanged for state and communal institutions, for which the volume only decreased documents that must be submitted for approval; the forms of participation of higher education institutions in the formation of statutory funds of science parks have expanded, which can be considered as a positive factor in stimulating higher education institutions to create science parks and develop innovative activities in general.

Forgotten Contributions: The Overlooked Impact of Ellen Harrison and Early 20th Century Women in Urban Greening

Many women and women-run associations were involved in historical urban beautification in the United States, especially tree planting, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. While men had formal roles as city foresters, arborists, horticulturalists, and landscape architects, women from elite families sometimes labored for free to organize and advocate for urban tree planting. Tightly knit social circles of high-society women in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, yielded much greater influence in nascent tree planting and park creation movements than has generally been recognized. They often contributed their time, finances, input, and skill to landscape planting projects; however, they were not considered equal to the men who were compensated employees. These women planted, plotted, studied, and persevered, overcoming preconceived notions of womanhood, although their meaningful efforts were often viewed as merely an offshoot of their feminine domestic role. For women, limited by opportunities in male-dominated arenas, shaping their cities was a socially accepted means for empowerment. Ellen Waln Harrison (1846 to 1922) was a key figure in civic beautification in her hometown of Philadelphia and beyond. Ellen Harrison was married to Charles Custis Harrison, Provost of the University of Pennsylvania, and she personally oversaw campus landscaping efforts, and was referred to as his “right hand.” Her story is emblematic of a larger trend regarding women in botany, horticulture, and urban forestry around the turn of the 20th century.

Green Lungs and Green Liberty: The Modern City Park and Public Health in an Urban Metabolic Landscape.

This paper explores processes of urban park creation from the mid-1800s to show how 'green lungs' and 'green liberty' shaped the health geography of the modern city. Tracking this story across a transatlantic canvas (using examples from London, Paris, New York and Montreal), it looks at how ideas around fresh air, exercise and greenery sat within municipal designs for a functional metabolic landscape, what I call somatic urbanism. Plotting the historical contours of the park as a landscape of health has two main uses. First, it usefully connects the worlds of medicine and environment to show how debates about industrialism, modernity, sanitation and social reform found common ground. Second, in a contemporary world where ventilation issues have been highlighted by the coronavirus pandemic and municipal authorities grapple with anthropogenic challenges, it argues that historical studies of health and environment assume a vital importance in shaping the future of sustainable cities.

ОРГАНИЗАЦИОННО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ И НОРМАТИВНО-ПРАВОВЫЕ ИНСТРУМЕНТЫ РАЗВИТИЯ АГРОМЕЛИОРАТИВНЫХ ПАРКОВ В РОССИИ

Increasing the competitiveness of the modern domestic agro-industrial complex through the use of effective organizational and economic tools is one of the priority tasks of import substitution in the Russian Federation. An object. The object of research is the regulatory aspects governing activities in the field of land reclamation and agriculture. Goal. The aim of the study is to analyze the issues of optimizing the distribution of power in terms of the creation of reclamation parks, regulation of land legal relations, the formation of a system of preferences that stimulate agricultural producers to participate in reclamation parks. Materials and methods. The authors used the current legislation of the Russian Federation, as well as the concept of creating innovative infrastructure facilities for reclamation of the federal level, developed by modern scientists-ameliorators. Results and conclusions. The analysis performed allows us to say that the powers of the authorities of the Russian Federation at various levels are sufficient to create agromeliorative parks (hereinafter - APM). According to the authors, in order to carry out organizational and managerial functions, it is necessary to establish a single state management company - the AMP operator, directly subordinate to the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation. The AMP operator organization, among other things, should have the right to initiate in a judicial proceeding the alienation of a land plot of an unscrupulous agricultural producer in favor of the state in the event of a systematic violation of the established mode of operation of the reclaimed. The formation of special economic zones on the territory of the Russian Federation in the form of APM will create the preconditions for the formation of not only positive, but also negative socio-economic consequences. It is advisable to minimize the risks of negative effects by developing and adopting a framework federal law detailing the mechanism for the creation, functioning, and liquidation of AMPs, describing the rights and powers of AMP residents, participants, state bodies of the Russian Federation, constituent entities of the Russian Federation in terms of AMP management.

Nationalizing Nature: Iguazu Falls and National Parks at the Brazil-Argentina Border

Nationalizing Nature: Iguazu Falls and National Parks at the Brazil-Argentina Border

The evaluation of higher education policy to drive university entrepreneurial activities in information technology learning

This study discusses the role of university and industry in Indonesia’s higher education system, particularly in learning information technology and the related fields. Three data sources were used to collect information on learning practices, i.e., the higher education policies representing the government’s perspective, the knowledge capitalization practices representing the industry readiness to act as a joint provider of knowledge and skill with the university, and the perspectives of human learner as the subject of learning processes. The study proposes two-stage evaluation on higher education practices that consists of policy analysis and the evaluation of learning practices based on the model of learning system. The former is to map the higher education policy to the spectrum of university entrepreneurial activities, while the latter is the survey on learning practices participated by the industry, students, and alumni. Policy analysis identifies the blank spot on the activities of consulting, spin-off firm formation, and the creation of a technology park. The evaluation of learning practices shows that the university still becomes the dominant actors in the transfer of knowledge and skill, except for the fields of entrepreneurship and project management which the industry excels. These results indicate that university contributes primarily in growing the internal capacity of human resource, while the industry contribute in shaping the professional life. This study suggests that the practice of higher education in Indonesia requires a more aggressive strategy in triple helix relations to enable the achievement of knowledge society and knowledge economy by strengthening the whole spectrum of university entrepreneurial activities.

Towards inclusive and accessible parks in Pathum Thani Province, Thailand

The problem of the lack of inclusive public space in the fringes of Bangkok, Thailand, is related to multiple factors in urban development. The study-area of the Pathum Thani province offers a summary of the critical consequences of the urban development in the past decades. The partial transformation of some environmental tracks onto an urbanized system allows the creation of a nonhomogeneous privatized continuous built surface. The conditions of these urban areas suffer from vehicular traffic, car dependency, absence of differentiated mobility, limited walkability, and lack of public spaces. The research aims to bring these areas to a higher level of inclusion, accessibility and overall quality by rethinking the existent public spaces, creating the grounds for the design of inclusive and accessible park. To reach this objective, the study explores the topics of public space, park, accessibility and inclusivity for disabilities to establish some principles for future design approach for Thaklong–Klongluang, a study-area located in the Pathum Thani Province. Characteristics, features, weaknesses and existing parks of the study area are demonstrated in the subsequent section. The results’ discussion relates all the aforementioned topics, defining the guidelines for the creation of inclusive and accessible parks in the six existent sites of the study area. Because of its premises, besides being based in a specific location, the article aims to be a valid reference for the areas which present similar features and critical points.

공원녹지기본계획을 위한 공원결핍지수 적용방안 - 서산시를 중심으로 -

Globally, international organizations such as OCED and the UN are raising inclusive growth and inclusive city issues to resolve inequality, and accordingly, the Korean government is trying to establish a core SOC by 2022 by announcing the "Three-Year Living SOC Plan." In order to resolve inequality and imbalance, measures are being taken to change inclusive growth, inclusive city issues, and policies on park green areas. The purpose of this study is to suggest a plan to select areas with relatively high park policy needs by applying indicators that derive objective results when creating and planning parks among the basic park green areas using alternative indicators. As a research method, concepts were established through existing related literature, and the park deficiency index was derived through expert surveys of 34 related public officials, researchers, and industry workers who are landscape experts. Although this study derived the park deficiency index, it is necessary to conduct a study to verify its effectiveness through the creation of parks reflecting the park deficiency index and the implementation of policy projects in order to apply it to the park green policy.

Rapid Prediction Algorithm for Economic Development Trend of Tourism Using Markov Chain

The environment for tourist development will be increased further if the people-centered development concept is fully implemented, and people’s desire for a colorful tourism life will be boosted. This includes the new kinetic energy of digitalization and networking, which has contributed more and more to economic development. The people-centered development concept also includes the sudden new crown pneumonia outbreak that has had a major influence on the tourism sector; the tourism industry’s robust expansion will not change as a result. There is a reason to assume that tourism will become a key business that contributes to the long-term economic and social growth of China. With the Markov chain to forecast the development tendency of the tourism economy, this paper constructs characteristic indicators such as the number of duty-free shopping on outlying islands, the per capita spending of outlying island rabbit tax shopping, and the number of ecological civilization villages, using the era of free trade ports as a backdrop. The experimental results shows that the proposed idea of this paper is realistic and can have a significant impact towards designing a national ecological civilization pilot zone, international tourism consumption center, and the creation of tropical rainforest national parks.

“DNISTER” REGIONAL LANDSCAPE PARK - IN THE TERRITORIAL RECREATIONAL NETWORK OF PODILIA

The publication considers the peculiarities of the nature of the regional landscape park "Dnister", the landscapes of which have been influenced by economic activity. According to the tested method, its recreational potential and transport accessibility were assessed. The role of the park in the possible provision of recreational services for 90 thousand people and almost 560 thousand people in total has been established. The important socio-economic role in the regional recreational system of Vinnitsa region, as well as the key role in environmental and ecological networks is recognized. It is noted that RLP is a connecting contact element with the ecological network of the Republic of Moldova.
 The intensification of the creation of regional parks is dictated both by objective preconditions (available recreational resources, growing needs of the local population in providing recreational services) and the interest of local authorities in increasing the area of protected areas. In addition, the newly created territories and objects of the NPF correspond to the conceptual principles of forming a regional network of protected areas and the formation of the integrity of the basic elements of the regional ecological network. Therefore, the landscapes of RLP "Dnister" are involved in the formation of a key area of regional importance of the eco-network of Vinnitsa and Podillya in general.
 Calculations of the recreational capacity of the territory showed that within the RLP "Dnister" the minimum recreational capacity is 1219400 people, the average - 1524250, the maximum - 18291000 people. This type of assessment takes into account the average load per square kilometer. If calculations are made within the functional zones of the park (Table 2), the recreational capacity will be redistributed mainly between the zones of regulated and stationary recreation, the economic zone with partial use of the protected area.
 Since the recreational and economic zones of the park occupy about 70% of the territory, for a more accurate assessment of the recreational capacity of the functional zones need to use a reduction factor of 0.7.
 A more detailed spatial assessment of recreational capacity requires consideration of the decreasing slope steepness coefficient. At steepness of slopes of 10-20% - the lowering factor of number of vacationers makes 0,8; at 20-30% - 0.6; 30-50% - 0.4; over 50% - 0.2. As an average for RLP, we took a reduction factor of 0.6, which was used for the entire park.
 RLP "Dnister" is endowed with a high potential of natural and historical and cultural recreational resources available for short-term recreation of about 90 thousand locals, with a potential recreational capacity of 560 thousand people.
 The Dnister Regional Landscape Park is an important element not only of the regional recreational system, but also of the Podillya regional eco-network and is dedicated to the national-wide eco-corridor, which connects a number of key areas of the Middle Trans Dnister National Park.
 Key words: Regional Landscape Park, Dnister, territorial recreational network, Podillya.

A Study on the Improvement on Special Projects for Private Park Creation

현대 도시에서 공원은 도시민들의 삶의 질 향상과 도시기능을 유지하는데 꼭 필요한 요소이다. 지방자치단체들이 재원의 한계를 극복하며 공원의 공급을 늘리기 위해 민간공원조성 특례사업이라는 제도를 도입하여 추진하고 있다. 하지만 추진과정에서 많은 문제점이 나타나고 있어 이에 대한 개선방안이 시급한 상황이다. 본 연구에서는 현행 민간공원조성 특례사업의 문제점 도출과 제도 개선방안 도출을 위해 경기도 광주시의 사례를 분석하였다. 경기도 광주시는 5개의 특례사업을 추진중에 있는데, 이 특례사업과 관련된 다양한 문제점이 제기되고 있는 상황이다. 대표적인 문제점으로는 과도한 공원사업비, 부실한 제안서, 선정과정 특혜 의혹이 있다. 이러한 문제점 때문에 제도 자체에 대한 비판이 큰 상황이다. 이를 해결하기 위해서 사업관리(P/CM)제도의 도입, 지방공기업 주도로 사업 추진, 심사평가체계의 개선, 부당한 초과수익 환수를 실시해야 한다.

The Landscape of the Spa Parks Creation through Components Influencing Environmental Perception Using Multi-Criteria Analysis

The improvement of the landscape of spa parks should result from the planned directions of development and the most important tasks of the spatial policy of spa towns. Their proper management significantly impacts the region’s economic growth: the labour market, the size and type of new financial investments, and the natural environment. The basis of activity in the areas of spa parks is the balancing of elements of the natural, cultural and historical background. Parks are health protection zones, health ecosystems—separated from the spa zone to protect healing and environmental values. These areas should be characterized by rational landscaping. The spatial layout of park areas should consider the appropriate zones (healing, silence, recreation). The leading element that allows separating sub-areas in parks is the layout of alleys and greenery. The attractiveness of parks is also influenced by factors related to spa activities. The article aims to indicate the main criteria affecting the perception of the landscape of spa parks. Their meaning was determined by information entropy. A selection of criteria defining the landscape assessment and influencing the perception of spa greenery, which helped determine how to shape and develop the spa park, was presented. Data obtained from actual field measurements on factors influencing the reception and perception of spa parks were considered. The multi-criteria method of comparative analysis allows one to quickly and transparently determine the hierarchy of the most advantageous variables from the adopted criteria. The study confirmed that the smaller the sum of adverse elements affecting the shaping of the park spatial, the better residents’ and patients’ perception of the park.

NATIONAL PARKS – DE LEGE FERENDA CONCLUSIONS (PART I)

The article aims to synthetically and critically discuss the proposed change in the legal status regarding the highest form of nature protection in Poland, i.e. national parks. The article will assess whether the new regulations will effectively ensure the protective function, and if so, to what level, and whether – and if so, to what extent – the new regulation will remove evident defects of the currently binding Nature Protection Act. The discussion will first refer to the wording of the regulations, and then the criticism of these solutions will be carried out with simultaneous formulation of de lege ferenda conclusions. The author’s intention is to develop the subject in a series of articles. This approach is justified by the comprehensive nature of the issues regulated by the Act. The first article, hereby submitted to you, explains selected problems concerning the creation of national parks, legal regime of this form of protection and the system of exemption from prohibitions. The results of the presented analysis have not been presented to readers so far and cover only Polish law. The innovative nature of this research results from the fact that these issues are not the subject of studies in legal scholarship

市民参画型公園づくりにおける参加者に対するエンパワーメントの方法に関する研究

市民参画型公園づくりにおける参加者に対するエンパワーメントの方法に関する研究