Cream Type Research Articles

Development of methods of identification and quantitative determination of active substances in semi-solid dosage forms with sapropel extracts

For use in veterinary medicine for the treatment of the wound process and the prevention of mastitis, the composition and technology of an emulsion-based cream, conventionally called “Saprocream”, has been developed. Clinical trial of the drug “Saprocream” proved its effectiveness and safety for use in the healing of microtraumas, erosions and cracks (wounds) of the udders of cows.
 The aim of the research were was the standardization of the cream under the conventional name “Saprocream” for use in veterinary medicine as a wound healing agent, the development of methods of identification and quantification and their validation.
 Materials and methods. Test samples of emulsion cream type o / v, containing 15 % aqueous extract of sapropel (VES), 10 % oil extract of sapropel (OES), 6 % emulsifier No. 1, 1 % cetylstearyl alcohol, preservatives – 0.01 % nisin, 0.1 % euxil K 100 and purified water up to 100 g were made by phase inversion.
 The methods of pharmacopoeial articles of the European Pharmacopoeia of the 10th edition, SPhU 1.0, as well as industry standards were used to develop methods for identification and quantification of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) in the developed cream and its standardization.
 Results. The chromatographic profile of the acetone extract from the cream coincides with the chromatographic profile of the reference solution ((PRS) β-carotene), which indicates the presence of substances of carotenoid structure. The absorption spectrum of hexane extraction from the cream in the range from 500 nm to 750 nm has a maximum absorption at a wavelength of 670±2 nm, which coincides with the maximum absorption of hexane solution OES, indicating the presence of chlorophyll.
 A method for quantifying the total mass fraction of humic acids (HA) has been developed and it has been established that the total mass fraction of HA in cream samples with sapropel extracts is 0.828 %.
 The results of the validation of the method show that there is a linear relationship between the concentration of the total mass fraction of HA and the mass of the AES sample with a correlation coefficient of 0.9981 (³ 0.9981). The developed technique is precise, because the value of the relative confidence interval is less than the critical value for the convergence of the results: D %=1.34≤1.60 and the criterion of insignificance of systematic error d=0.51 is fulfilled.
 Conclusions. An emulsion-based cream under the conventional name “Saprocream” has been standardized, methods for identification and quantification of active substances have been developed and validation of the developed methods for use in veterinary medicine as a wound-healing and anti-inflammatory agent has been carried out.

Diffusion Study of Cream Formula of Lyophilized Ethanol Extract of Moringa oleifera L. Leaves

Background: Moringa oleifera L. leaves have analgesic activity due to their flavonoids content. These polar antioxidants compounds usually have difficulty to diffuse through the skin. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diffusion parameters of cream contains the lyophilized of M. oleifera leaves ethanol extract. Material and Methods: The lyophilized of M.oleifera leaves ethanol extract (5%) formulated as an o/w cream with 2% of cetyl alcohol as a stiffening agent. The physical characteristics of the cream were determined for organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, spreadability, and type of emulsion parameters. The diffusion parameters were determined with Franz cell diffusion using the skin's snake as a membrane with 0; 10; 30; 60 and 90 minutes sampling time. Results: Physical characteristics of the cream showed that o/w as the cream type with pH, viscosity, and spreadability value were 4.72±0.03; 14.000±225 cps; and 5.7±0.20 cm, respectively. The diffusion parameter showed total flavonoids penetrate through the membrane was 360.134±0.20 µg/cm2 with flux 239,875 µg/cm2hr. Conclusions: This study showed a cream formulation that fulfills the required physical characteristics standard and can deliver active compounds to penetrate through the membrane.

Optimization of Skin Moisturizer Formula Based on Fixed Oil (VCO, Olive Oil, and Jojoba Oil)

Currently, formulations of skin moisturizers are derived from natural compounds. Fixed oils are known to have compounds that potential to be developed as skin moisturizers based on emollient mechanism. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect of oil type on the physical characteristics of skin moisturizer creams. In this study, a skin moisturizer cream was formulated using three types of fixed oils: VCO (F1), Olive Oil (F2), and Jojoba Oil (F3). All formulas were tested for physical characteristics of pH, cream type, viscosity, spreadability, and homogeneity. The test results show that all formulas appropriate to the skin pH range, have o/w type creams and homogeneous texture. In the results of the viscosity test, there was a significant difference (p<0.05) with the highest value of viscosity for F2 (16750 ± 250 cP) > F3 (14200 ± 346cP) > F1 (5833 ± 58 cP), while for spreadability test there were also significant differences (p<0.05) with the highest diameter for F1 (5.8 ± 0.1 cm) = F3 (5.7 ± 0.2 cm) > F2 (4.3 ± 0.2 cm). Based on the results, it can be concluded that the type of oil can affect the physical characteristics of the moisturizer formula. F1 and F3 have better physical characteristics than F2.

Wave Formation Efficiency and Morphological Analysis of Hair by the Reducing Agent and Formulation of Agent I during Heat Perm on Virgin Hair

This study attempted to investigate the influence of the reducing agent and formulation of the agent I on wave formation efficiency and hair changes during heat perm on virgin hair through morphological analysis. For this, a total of 6 different formulations in cream and liquid types were prepared, using thioglycolic acid (TGA), cysteine and cysteamine for the agent I, and applied to both control (untreated) and experimental groups. Then, wave formation efficiency and hair changes after heat perm were examined through morphological analysis, and the results found the followings: In terms of wave formation efficiency, the TGA cream type (VH-A1) was the highest while the cysteine liquid type (VH-B2) was the lowest. Regarding morphological analysis of hair, hair density and cuticle thickness were analyzed, using methylene blue (MB) absorbance and FEM-SEM respectively. In addition, the surface and microscopic structure of cuticle were observed with SEM and AFM each. In terms of hair damage, ‘VH-A1’ was the highest while ‘VH-B2’ was the lowest. In addition, a cream type was greater than a liquid type in terms of hair damage. The above results confirm that the ingredients and formulation of the reducing agent for the agent I during heat perm have an influence on wave formation efficiency and hair through morphological analysis. Therefore, it is anticipated that they would be helpful in minimizing hair damage and enhancing customer satisfaction through the efficient selection and application of the reducing agent for the agent I.

Effect of virgin coconut oil (VCO) on the physical stability of sweet potato leaf extract (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam) creams and antibacterial activity test against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923

VCO (virgin coconut oil) has benefits for skin health such as softening the skin, maintaining skin health, and protecting the skin from radiation and free radicals. VCO as one of the raw materials for making cream preparations can affect its physical stability. This study aimed to analyze the effect of VCO on the physical stability of sweet potato leaf extract creams and antibacterial activity test against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. The creams were made with five formulas namely base, extract cream 2%, and VCO 1%, 3%, 5% added to the extract cream 2% respectively. Physical stability test included storage for six weeks at room temperature. Stability parameters were organoleptic observation, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, adhesivity, and cream type. Statistical analysis was carried out with the Anova and Kruskal Wallis tests. The organoleptic test results of the cream extract showed a distinctive odor, green color, with semisolid and homogeneous texture. Increasing the concentration of VCO will increase the spreadability of extract cream but did not affect pH and adhesion. The conclusion of this study was that extract cream 2% without the addition of VCO was the most stable cream formulation. Besides that, all the cream formulas did not show antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923.

Functional milk-containing products

Many developments are currently underway to create products that not only support human life, but also are safe and ensure maximum usefulness. The studies on use of protective cultures “GoldenLineProfiline PC 27.50” and wheat dietary fiber NUTRIOSA FB 06 in the technology of milk-containing products were conducted at the department of technology of food of animal origin of the Federal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education “Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies” (FSBEI HE “VSUET”). Protective cultures are antagonistic microorganisms that inhibit the growth of pathogenic and other undesirable microflora without affecting the organoleptic properties and quality of the product. The use of protective cultures in the technology of milk-containing products of sour cream type allows one to increase storage stability by 30%. According to medical and biological knowledge, the value of dietary fiber (DF) in human nutrition is inestimable. It binds and excretes cholesterol, bile acids, radionuclides and other harmful substances from the body, thereby preventing “diseases of civilization”–obesity, atherosclerosis, pancreatic diabetes, etc. Introduction of soluble dietary fiber into the formula of a milk-containing fermented milk product produced according to yogurt technology allows one to increase the shelf life and increase the functionality of the product.

Formulasi Krim Ekstrak Etanol Herba Patah Tulang (Euphorbia tirucalli L) 10% Dengan Variasi Nilai Hlb Tween 80 Dan Span 80 Sebagai Emulsifying Agent


 
 
 
 Euphorbia tirucalli L is a plant that has antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiviral, immunomodulatory properties, numb feet and hands. Euphorbia tirucalli L contain compounds including flavonoids and tannins. The research objective was to determine the differences in cream formulations with variations in the HLB values ​​of tween 80 and span 80 as emulsifying agents, to test the physical properties and stability of the cream preparations. Fractures were macerated extracted using ethanol 96% solvent. The resulting viscous extract was formulated in the form of cream type A / M with variations of Tween 80 and Span 80, the stability of the cream preparations obtained were tested for their stability including organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, adhesion, dispersion and viscosity testing, then continued by using the freeze thaw testing method. The results showed that the fracture herb ethanol extract could be formulated into a cream preparation that met the criteria by using tween 80 1.26 grams and span 80 3.74 grams with an HLB value of 7.
 
 
 

Formulation and Stability Test of Cream Ethanol Extract Senduduk Leaves (Melastoma malabatricum L.) On Burn Healing of Male White Mice

Burns are tissue damage caused by contact with heat sources such as fire, chemicals, electricity and radiation. This study aims to find a new burn drug from senduduk leaves (Melastoma malabathricum L.) with a form of standard cream preparation type M/A. The viscous extract of the leaves of senduduk is carried out by a characterization test and screening test, then formulated in the form of cream with a concentration of 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5%. Standard cream type M/A formulated with senduduk leaf extract was evaluated and tested for the stability of the preparation. Mice were burnt with a heated metal plate, then smeared with the cream of senduduk leaf extract and the diameter was measured using a calliper by measuring the four sides of the wound diameter and averaging it to obtain the proportion of wound closure. The percentage of wound closure was analyzed at D-1 to D-11 treatment. The results showed that the ethanol extract of senduduk leaf cream preparation with a concentration of 7.5% was more effective in healing burns with an average diameter of 0.20 cm of final burns and the proportion of wound healing was 99% compared to the concentration of senduduk leaf extract cream preparation which was other. The results of the burn test showed that the ethanol extract of senduduk leaf cream with a concentration of 7.5% was efficacious in healing wounds in mice.

FORMULASI DAN UJI SIFAT FISIK SEDIAAN KRIM EKSTRAK ETANOL BUAH PALA (MYRISTICA FRAGRANS) SEBAGAI ANTI AGING

Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) is a spice plant that produces essential oils of economic value. Especially the myristicin compounds contained in nutmeg oil have potential as antioxidants and also anti-aging. The content of nutmeg which shows antifungal activity is flavonoids, saponins and alkaloids. Flavonoids as antifungal compounds work by interfering with the permeability of fungal cell membranes and changing organic components and nutrient transport which ultimately results in toxic effects on fungi. This study aims to determine the chemical content and whether the nutmeg extract can be formulated in cream preparations as well as the results of the physical properties test on the preparation of the nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) ethanol extract of cream. The type of research used in this study was experimental research in the laboratory. Nutmeg (Myristica Fragrans), phytochemical screening test on nutmeg extract, cream preparation formulation, cream physical properties test (organoleptic test, pH test, homogeneity test, cream type test). Nutmeg extraction was carried out using the maceration method using 70% ethanol. The results of phytochemical screening of the ethanol extract of nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) indicated the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, and saponins. The preparation of cream of ethanol extract of nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) using a Vaseline album base ratio of F1 (10%), F2 (15%) and F3 (20%) had stable physical properties.

ANTAGONISTIC EFFECT OF MUSK ON ORGANISMS DIFFERENT TYPES

Objective: This study aims to The research aimed at a comparative study the effect of natural and synthetic musk compared to creams that have an anti-fungal and anti-bacterial effect on the growth of Candida albicans that causes vaginal diseases in women, as well as the growth of the bacteria strains include Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, which would be more effective in inhibiting the growth of these microbes and Achieve the recommendation of the Prophet Muhammad for women to treat the vagina with natural musk, find alternatives to synthetic antibiotics, and reduce their negative effects on human health.
 Methods: This study investigates the antagonistic effect of Anti fungal and bacterial Cream and different natural type {Musk (N. M), Black Musk (B. M)} and chemical Musk {white Musk (W. M), cream Musk (M. C) } on some microorganisms. The types of yeast Candida albicans HVS and the bacteria strains include Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, were tested by means of disk diffusion,
 Results: Results indicated that Musk has inhibitory effects on the growth of study microorganisms Musk contains active substances similar to antibiotic, alkaloids and volatile oils present in them as they have the ability to stop the growth of many microorganisms. The effect of natural musk was higher than the effect synthetic musk, And the microbes were the most sensitive to musk is Bacillus subtilis. As for anti-microbial creams, the effect of the anti-bacterial cream was more effective in their suppression compared to all kinds of musk unlike the anti-fungal cream which gave a negative result.
 Conclusion: This study showed that the different concentrations of natural musk have an effective role in inhibiting some of the microbes of this vaginal pathogen, and it has given a positive opposite result to these microbes, and therefore it can be used as a natural antibiotic that reduces side effects on females and the environment.

A web-based survey of denture adhesive use among denture wearers 40 years of age and older

The purpose of this study was to clarify the usage and understanding of denture adhesives among 1,825 denture wearers, aged 40 years and older in Japan, using a web-based survey. The NTTCom Online survey (a closed investigation) was conducted over a period of 4 days using a 13-item questionnaire about denture adhesives. Results showed that 67.1% of the respondents were satisfied with their dentures; 81.5% of respondents knew about denture adhesive, but only 347 (19.0%) had used the product. Products used by the 347 denture wearers included cream type (79.7%), cushion type (16.2%), and powder type (3.2%). The most common reason for the selection of a particular type was "Saw the product" (59.9%), followed by "Saw an advertisement" (19.3%), and "Explanation at a dental clinic" (8.4%). The response of "Ill-fitting denture" significantly affected the response of "Use of denture adhesives" (chi-square test; P < 0.001). Moreover, the sensitivity (0.56) was lower than the specificity (0.75). These findings show that denture adhesives were not always necessary for those with ill-fitting dentures.

UJI ANTIOKSIDAN DENGAN METODE DPPH DARI FORMULASI LULUR KRIM EKSTRAK POLIFENOL Gelidium sp

&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The use of scrubs with natural ingredients is increasingly widespread to prevent side effects from the use of chemicals, one of which is polyphenol compounds from Gelidium sp. The purpose of this study was to make scrubs from the extract of Gelidium sp polyphenol tested by antioxidants and the DPPH method. The method of making polyphenol extract with from Gelidium sp using 50% methanol and then made to scrub formulations with and multiplication of extraction of 10,15,20% and in physical properties testing including organoleptic test, pH tets, dispersion test, sticky power test, hedonic test, cream type test and antioxidant. The results of the study showed that the pysical properties of cream scrubs, in the organoleptic test, affected the shape and color. pH test, scattering power test, ticky strength affect the preparation because the more extracts are added into the preparation, the higher the value abtained. The most preferred formula by the researcher is in the formula 3 (three). Antioxidant test gets value &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;IC&lt;sub&gt;50 &lt;/sub&gt;vitamin C 435,79 ppm. While each formula gets a value formula 1 : 701,12 ppm, formula 2 : 679,32 ppm, dan formula 3 : 152,45 ppm&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;

Skin dose enhancement from the application of skin-care creams using FF and FFF photon beams in radiotherapy: A Monte Carlo phantom evaluation

Skin-care cream is commonly applied to relieve skin redness in radiotherapy. However, using cream on the patient under the photon field would increase the skin dose in delivery. The aim of this study is to evaluate the dependences of skin dose enhancement on different beam and cream variables using Monte Carlo simulation. Using a solid water phantom with water-equivalent bolus, PMMA layer and cream layer, we irradiated it by 6 MV photon beams. Skin doses were calculated by varying the beam quality (flattening-filter (FF) and flattening-filter-free (FFF)), beam angle (0°–80°), skin-care cream type (water-based and silicon-based) and cream thickness (0–3 mm) using the EGSnrc Monte Carlo code. The densities of the water- and silicon-based cream were 0.92 and 1.14 g/cm3. The dose enhancement factor (DEF) defined as the ratio of the skin dose with skin-care cream to the skin dose without cream was calculated. It is found that the FF photon beam had higher DEF value than the FFF. For the water-based cream of 3 mm, the DEF for the FF beam was about 22.1% higher than that of the FFF. While for the silicon-based cream with the same thickness, the DEF was 24.2% higher. DEF value also increased with the beam angle. The DEF values were from 1.4 to 2.52 (water-based cream) and 1.42 to 2.68 (silicon-based cream) when the beam angle was increased from 20° to 80° using the 6 MV FF beams. Similarly, for the 6 MV FFF beams, the DEF values increased from 1.29 to 2.07 and 1.30 to 2.18 for the water- and silicon-based cream. These simulation results showed that the skin dose enhancement increased with an increase of beam angle, cream thickness, cream density, and the irradiation of FFF photon beams.

Formulation and Physical Characterization of Onion (Allium ascalonicum L) Bulb Extract in Cream Using Tween 80 and Span 60 as the Emulgator

In Indonesia, it is not uncommon to find children who suffer from fever which can occur due to the change of weather from the rainy season during the dry season or vice versa. Communities in rural areas generally use onion (Allium ascalonicum L) to relieve fever in children. Cream preparations are made by varying the concentration of the emulgator to determine the effect of different concentrations of the emulgator on the physical characteristics of the cream preparation. The emulgator used is tween 80 and span 60 with a concentration of Formula 1: 3.5%, Formula 2: 3.75%, formula 3: 4%. Physical evaluations carried out in this study were organoleptic, pH, homogeneity, cream washability, cream type, viscosity, spreadability, adhesion, and freeze-thaw tests. The results of the study it can be concluded that the differences in the concentration of the emulgator can affect the physical characteristics of the cream preparation, namely in the spreading test and the adhesion test shows that F3 (4%) can reduce the spreadability of the cream preparation but can be attached to a long time when compared to F1 (3.5%) and F2 (3.75%). The physically optimal cream preparation formula is F1 and F2 because it meets all the requirements in the evaluation test.&#x0D; &#x0D; Keywords: Cream, onion, emulgator, physical characteristics&#x0D;

Formulasi Krim Ekstrak Etanol Herba Krokot (Portulacca oleracea L.) sebagai Tabir Surya

The use of sunscreen is a way to prevent the adverse effects of sun exposure to the skin. Sunscreens that contain synthetic chemical compounds can cause allergies to the skin. Therefore it is necessary to look for other ingredients that have activities as sunscreens, one of which is by using natural ingredients, especially from plants such as purslane herbs that have these activities. This type of research is an experiment to formulate cream of ethanol extract of purslane herbs as sunscreens with concentrations of 0%, 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1.0%. The thick extract of purslane herb is formulated as a cream with a base of stearic acid cream, cetyl alcohol, glycerin, triethanolamine, with nipagin and nipasol preservatives. Furthermore, the cream was carried out several tests, namely organoleptic test, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, stability, cream type, and SPF value in vitro. The test results found that the formulated cream had a light brown-green color, with a distinctive odor and half solid consistency. A cream that is made homogeneous, all creams are alkaline. All the spread cream meets the requirements (more than 4 cm). All cream formulas are stable because there is no separation in the cycling test. This type of cream is a type of oil in water that is easy to wash. SPF value of F0 cream (0% purslane ethanol extract) was 0.620±0.070, F2 (0.5% extract) 4.341±0.565, F3 (0.75% extract) 5.289±0.644, and F3 (1.0% extract) 7,862±1,564.

341 IL-4Rα Targeted-POLIGOTM Cream Improves DNCB-Induced Atopic Dermatitis Mouse Model

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common type of eczema. The Th2 immune response seems to play a pivotal role in AD. This involves in Th2 cytokines such as IL-4 which share the IL-4Rα. Transdermal administration improves patient quality of life because of noninvasive; however, typical ASO and antibody drug delivery into the skin can be challenging owing to the barrier of tight junctions in the granular layer. Therefore, we aimed to develop a delivery system of ASO for topical application using our technology, POLIGOTM. POLIGOTM, which is based on PNA (Peptide Nucleic Acid) has the nanoparticle characters and is able to transdermal delivery without physical force (microneedle). We improved the PNA (high selectivity, stability, nanoparticle-characters) to overcome low selectivity and delivery using our technology. Our purpose was to evaluate the effects of POL201 (cream type of IL-4Rα targeted POLIGOTM) on dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) induced NC/Nga mice. We measured epidermis thickness, CD3, and CD11c expression of DNCB-induced AD mouse skin and the levels of IgE, IL-4, IL-13, and TARC in the serum by ELISA. Also, the effects of POL201 on expression level of IL-4Rα was evaluated in AD mouse skin. POL201 efficiently decreased the number of CD3/CD11c positive cells as well as thickness of the epidermis and dermis. The POL201 group significantly reduced serum level of IgE, IL-4, IL-13 and TARC. Moreover, IL-4Rα inhibited in the POL201 group compared with the DNCB-treated group. In addition, POL201 group showed that the clinical index, SCORAD (redness, scabs, itching and thickness) was dramatically improved than positive control (dexamethasone group). As the results, POL201 significantly inhibited AD pathogenesis and clinical index through reduction of IL-4Rα expression in AD animal model. Unlike conventional ASO treatments (subcutaneous injection), POL201 was able to deliver to the skin using cream formulation alone and inhibited the target gene IL-4Rα. Our results suggest that POL201 could be a potential therapeutic candidate for the treatment of AD.

Evaluation of silver and copper oxide NANOPARTICLES release from different prosthetic materials incorporated with nanoparticles

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the amount of released of silver and copper oxide nanoparticles when they were incorporated in heat cured acrylic resin denture, chemical cured soft liner, and cream type adhesive.Material and methods: A total number of 240 samples were prepared, 80 denture base samples, 80 liner, and 80 adhesives, and 10 samples from each material were free from nanoparticles that act as a control. The remaining samples were divided into two groups: (Group I) contained denture base, liner and adhesive samples modified with copper-oxide nanoparticles concentration by (0.1%, 0.3%, and 0.5%, 10 sample each), and (Group II) has the same number of samples but modified with same silver nanoparticles concentrations. The samples were placed in distilled water for one week and the amount of release was measured by spectrophotometer. The recordings data were analyzed using Two-way repeated measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) to compare between the three groups as well as to study the effect of time within each group. Bonferroni’s post-hoc test was used for pair-wise comparisons. P< 0.05 was considered.Results: Release was higher in denture adhesive followed by denture liner and denture base respectively in the two groups. The amount of release increased with increasing nanoparticles concentration in denture base and adhesive but not in denture liner. There was no significant difference between Group I, and Group II.Conclusion: Nanoparticle release was affected by the type of prosthetic material, nanoparticle concentration, but not nanoparticles type.

FORMULASI KRIM ANTIJERAWAT EKSTRAK ETANOL BAWANG DAYAK (Eleutherina palmifolia (L.) Merr)

ABSTRACTDayak onion contains alkaloid compounds, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, glycosides, and triterpenoids which have anti-acne effects. This study aims to make cream formulas from Dayak onion ethanol extract and evaluate the physical quality characteristics of cream. The cream formulation from dayak onion extract was made with extract concentration of 100 mg/ml with stearic acid and triethanolamine as emulgator. Stearic acid and triethanolamine concentrations used were FI (6%: 2%), FII (12%: 3%), FIII ( 18%: 3%). The creams were evaluated for its physical quality characteristics, namely organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, dispersion, cream type and viscosity. From the evaluation of physical quality characteristics, it can be concluded that Formula III is the best formula that meets good cream quality requirements. The Dayak onion ethanol extract cream is an O/W type cream resulting in semi-solid, brown, organoleptic and dayak onion odor. In the homogeneity test there is no clumping on the cream preparation so that the preparation is homogeneous. The pH value is 6, so the cream is safe for the face. The spreadability of FIII is 7.52 cm, meets the requirements. The viscosity of F III is 32000 cPs, meets the requirements of a good cream preparation viscosity.Keywords: Formulation, Cream, Dayak Onion Extract (Eleutherine palmifolia (L.) Merr).

Cream Formulation of Ethanol Extract of Banana Peel (Musa Paradisiaca Var. Sapientum (L))

Introduction: Musa Paradisiaca Var. Sapientum (L) or know as the banana plants in Indonesia is a herbaceous plants that belongs to the family Musaceaa. Objective: This Study Aims tho determine the rind of banana (Musa Paradisiaca Var. Sapientum (L)) can be formulated in Cream.Methode: This research the conducted experimental, the sample is extracted by maceration using 70% ethanol. Extract later in pekatkan at temperatrs 400C with a pressure of 100 atm. Viscous extract obtained of used at an concentration of 5%, 10% and 15%. Results: Results showed that banana peel extract can be prepared as a cream and meet the pyshical Evaluation of the stocks. Homogeneity test result that the preparation made sufficiently homogeneous, pH 6.5 to 6.9 is obtained cream still meet the skin’s Ph ranging between 6.0 to 7.0 and cream type test. Colculsion: Dosage formulations cream bark ethanol extract banana (Musa Paradisiaca Var. Sapientum (L)) qualified physical evaluation preparations include homogeneity, pH test dan thest type cream.

The Development of Creambath Preparation with Combination of Garlic Extract (Allium sativum L.) and Custard Apple Seeds Extract (Annona squamosa L.) as Anti-Dandruff and Anti Head Lice (Pediculus humanus capitis)

Allicin and ajoene are active compounds in garlic which have proven to be of benefit as antifungal. Meanwhile, the content of oleic acid and triglycerides from the custard apple seeds extract showed anti-fungal activity in vitro. This study aimed to obtain a preparation of creambath combination of garlic extract and custard apple seeds extract which have anti-dandruff and anti head lice activity. Garlic extract was obtained by adding phosphate buffer with freeze-dry method, while custard apple seeds extract was obtained from maceration using petroleum ether. Garlic extract provides an anti-dandruff effect with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 6.25 mg/mL and the smallest custard apple seeds extract (LD 100%, 3 hours) which is 3.13 mg/mL can provide anti head lice effect. Variations in the concentration of the combination of garlic extract and custard apple seeds extract used in creambath preparations were (6.25 mg/mL and 3.13 mg/mL), (12.5 mg/mL and 6.25 mg/mL) and (25 mg/mL and 12.5 mg/mL). The resulting creambath preparations have characteristics that are light green, green tea flavored, homogeneous, semisolid form, o/w cream type, pH 5.85-6.25, viscosity 34,000-72,000 cps with thixotropic pseudoplastic flow properties, average size particle 34.31-57.66 μm, anti-dandruff activity with diameters of inhibitory 9, 12, and 16 mm in 72 hours incubation time and LD 100% hair lice activity in 157, 133 and 105 minutes.