Cracking Of Heavy Residue Research Articles

Effect of zeolite, kaolin and alumina during cracking of heavy petroleum residue evaluated by thermogravimetry

This work evaluates the effect of the FCC catalyst components—Y zeolite, kaolin and alumina—on the formation of coke during the cracking of heavy residue (HR) of petroleum. The Y zeolite, kaolin and alumina were mixed with a HR at a ratio of approximately 1:4. The effect was studied using dynamic thermogravimetry at a heating rate of 50 K min -1 , with N2 (between 35 and 700 C) and air (in the 700-1,000 C temperature range). The HR analyzed in these conditions formed 8.1% of coke. All the mixtures presented larger coke formation than that observed in pure HR. The Y zeolite presented fourfold larger coke formation, while kaolin and alumina showed twofold higher formation than pure HR. The major focus of this study was to verify the sensitivity of the TG technique in providing information about coke formation in the fluid catalytic process of refineries.

THERMAL CRACKING, THERMAL HYDROCRACKIKG AND CATALYTIC CRACKING OF DEASPHALTED OILS

ABSTRACT This paper present results of the thermal hydrothermal and catalytic cracking of heavy residues. In this investigation, ethvl acetate was used as deasphalting agent because it allows the elimination of both resins and asphaltenes from the oil in only one step. This improves the deasphalted oil Quality as, coke precursors and basic nitrogen compounds present in the resin fraction are practically eliminated) Kinetic measurements of thermal cracking indicate a faster cracking for deasphalted oils. The yield of product oil boiling under 200°C is higher for the deasphalted oil compared with the original feeds. Coke formation shows an opposite trend. Asphaltenes formation decreases with time and temperature due to this latter trend.