Aftermath Of COVID-19 Research Articles

Discovery of a coronavirus in the Eurasian badger (Meles meles) belonging to a putative new genus.

In the aftermath of COVID-19, coronaviruses gained renewed attention by the scientific community. The study reports the identification and genetic characterization of a novel coronavirus in the European badger (Meles meles) obtained in the framework of passive surveillance implemented in Italian wildlife in response to the pandemic. Positive samples were characterized using next generation sequencing as well as genetic and phylogenetic analyses, aiming for taxonomic placement under ICTV guidelines of the viruses contained in each sample. Results obtained for six conserved domains within the polyprotein showed that the virus clustered as outgroup and shared <46% amino acid identity with other coronaviruses, supporting the assumption that it belongs to a new putative genus Epsiloncoronavirus. This finding highlights that mammals still hide diverse coronaviruses whose zoonotic and epizootic potential remains unknown.

매입임대주택 주거만족도 영향요인에 관한 실증연구

The results of the empirical analysis showed that ‘economic factors’ were the most important influencing factors on the ‘residential satisfaction’ of purchased rental housing tenants. Next, ‘external housing factors’, ‘management factors’, and ‘location factors’ were analyzed to have a significant impact on ‘residential satisfaction’. However, ‘social factors’ and ‘internal housing factors’ were found to be insignificant.&#x0D; The policy implications are as follows: The most important variable is ‘economic factors’, which means that it is urgent for the government to provide support policies for purchased rental housing tenants who have become more burdened with housing costs due to the aftermath of COVID-19 and the recent global triple-dip recession. In addition, the importance of ‘external housing factors’ and ‘location factors’ suggests a change in the existing housing purchase process for business owners to more actively develop indicators that improve the quality of life of tenants. Finally, the importance of the “management factors” suggests that owners of new purchased rental housing also need to establish a management system to proactively respond to housing deterioration.

The great resignation: Exploring the effect of regular and digital instructional leadership on teachers’ intention to leave

Research on the effect of COVID-19 and its aftermath on education is gaining momentum. Nevertheless, this expanding contemporary literature only scarcely addresses principals’ digital instructional leadership and has not investigated how principals’ regular instructional leadership aligns with it. Moreover, the emerging writing on the aftermath of COVID-19 notes the phenomenon of teacher shortages in schools as a result of a growing tendency of teachers to leave the profession, but the possible connection with various forms of principals’ instructional leadership remains unexplored. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of combinations of different levels of principals’ regular instructional leadership and digital instructional leadership on teachers’ intention to leave. Cluster analysis of data of 267 school teachers in Israel was conducted. The results indicate an association between differences in teachers’ intention to leave the profession and mixtures of regular and digital instructional leadership. The results and their implications are discussed.

Do Innovation Metrics Reflect Sustainable Policy Making in Europe? A Comparative Study Case on the Carpathian and Alpine Mountain Regions

This paper questions the evaluation of innovation systems and innovation measurements and the effectiveness of innovation policies applied at the territorial level by assessing whether the existing European regional scoreboard is effective in providing accurate inputs for decision-makers in mountainous regions. The aim of the research is to provide, through comparative analysis by using statistical multi-methods of two mountainous macro-regions (the Alps and the Carpathians), a possible and available path to develop novel perspectives and alternative views on innovation systems’ performance for informed and territorial-based policy making by using the indicators of the Regional Innovation Scoreboard. The methodology used includes descriptive statistics, chi-square bivariate test, Student’s t test, one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc multiple comparisons, multilinear regression analysis, and decision tree with CRT (classification and regression trees) algorithm. Our results emphasize the similarities and differences between the Alpine and Carpathian mountain regions, find the best predictors for each mountain region, and provide a scientific basis for the development of a holistic approach linking measurement theory, innovation systems, innovation policies, and their territorial approach toward sustainable development of mountain areas. The paper’s contribution is relevant in the context of remote, rural, and mountain areas, which are usually left behind in terms of innovation chances and in the context of the COVID-19 aftermath with budget constraints. The present results are pertinent for designing effective smart specialization strategies in these regions due to the difficulties that most remote areas and less developed regions are facing in developing innovation policies.

A study of validity and usability evidence for non-technical skills assessment tools in simulated adult resuscitation scenarios

BackgroundNon-technical skills (NTS) assessment tools are widely used to provide formative and summative assessment for healthcare professionals and there are now many of them. This study has examined three different tools designed for similar settings and gathered evidence to test their validity and usability.MethodsThree NTS assessment tools designed for use in the UK were used by three experienced faculty to review standardized videos of simulated cardiac arrest scenarios: ANTS (Anesthetists’ Non-Technical Skills), Oxford NOTECHS (Oxford NOn-TECHnical Skills) and OSCAR (Observational Skill based Clinical Assessment tool for Resuscitation). Internal consistency, interrater reliability and quantitative and qualitative analysis of usability were analyzed for each tool.ResultsInternal consistency and interrater reliability (IRR) varied considerably for the three tools across NTS categories and elements. Intraclass correlation scores of three expert raters ranged from poor (task management in ANTS [0.26] and situation awareness (SA) in Oxford NOTECHS [0.34]) to very good (problem solving in Oxford NOTECHS [0.81] and cooperation [0.84] and SA [0.87] in OSCAR). Furthermore, different statistical tests of IRR produced different results for each tool. Quantitative and qualitative examination of usability also revealed challenges in using each tool.ConclusionsThe lack of standardization of NTS assessment tools and training in their use is unhelpful for healthcare educators and students. Educators require ongoing support in the use of NTS assessment tools for the evaluation of individual healthcare professionals or healthcare teams. Summative or high-stakes examinations using NTS assessment tools should be undertaken with at least two assessors to provide consensus scoring. In light of the renewed focus on simulation as an educational tool to support and enhance training recovery in the aftermath of COVID-19, it is even more important that assessment of these vital skills is standardized, simplified and supported with adequate training.

The Challenges to Public Health Law in the Aftermath of COVID-19.

The Challenges to Public Health Law in the Aftermath of COVID-19.

Media ecology and change communication: Similarities, differences and opportunities for real-world synergies

A Media Ecology/Formal Cause Communication Model appears to have parallels with strategic/change communication offering means of exploring different but related areas of study and practice. Particularly, change communication continues to be critical in technology adoption whereas media ecology concerns ‘confronting technopoly’ and countering the surrender of culture to technology. A ‘change curve’, has had its own origins and part in the change communication process. However, media ecology’s particular communication focus appears based on maintaining human values in the face of such change. This article attends to the elements of change communication and technopoly confrontation through a review of related references. It discusses learning found in comparing strengths and opportunities. It suggests combining/reinterpreting pertinent processes for pursuing real-world synergies. Finally, the article proposes ‘remediating media’ process use proceeding in the aftermath of COVID-19 and international conflict.

Impact of COVID-19 on Pakistan’s economic development: A sector-wise analysis

The recent COVID-19 pandemic has significantly hampered economic development. The ongoing pandemic has posed challenges to economies and altered global lifestyles, with people mostly staying at home and working from home if possible. As a result, the development of various sectors of the economy is impacted significantly. The present study aims to scrutinize the impact of COVID-19 on Pakistan’s economy focusing on the three main sectors such as services, industrial, and agriculture. The Gross National Product (GNP) of the respective sector is used to measure economic development, and COVID-19 is proxied through total coronavirus cases and the number of infected people (active cases). The data covered in the study range from 2020M2 to 2022M4. The Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) and Phillips-Perron (PP) unit root tests are used to ensure that the variables are stationary at the level. The empirical investigation is carried out by employing the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method. The findings reveal that both the proxies of COVID-19 have a negative and significant impact on all sectors, however, the size differs depending on the nature of these sectors. As such, the impact on the service and industrial sectors is larger than the impact on agriculture. The findings imply that Pakistani ministries should work cooperatively to align the development policies in the aftermath of COVID-19 to improve sectoral development and in turn the overall development of the economy.

Strength through Poetry as We Regain Our Balance in the COVID-19 Aftermath: Literary Insights from Ted Hughes and Seamus Heaney Read from a Naturalist and Existentialist Perspective

Drawing on Seamus Heaney and his symbolic reference to a great sea change or tidal wave in epic poem “The Cure at Troy” (1990) – much referred to in these gradually post-pandemic times and indicating that a new chapter is about to begin – and “The City” by Ted Hughes, where a life is read like a poem and in the many depths of the urban space the writer roams “my own darkness”, this paper looks at human resilience in the face of an interrupted COVID reality that has brought a fundamental shift to the way we view the world and our role in society. In our era of a New Normal, the idea that “less is more” is quickly becoming a mantra for our times, a time characterised by a gradual distancing from material hype while we turn to nature for solace and guidance – as importantly advocated by Heaney and Hughes who illuminate our path as we gain a greater understanding of what really matters at the core. We likewise begin to see commonalities between people and cultures, and we open up a space for a greater sense of authenticity. As we are now stepping into the initial stages of 2023, entering a new chapter; have we gained existential insights from the COVID-19 pandemic and will this lead to new beginnings where the written word helps us along the way?

An overview of technology acceptance and adoption models in the aftermath of COVID-19

An overview of technology acceptance and adoption models in the aftermath of COVID-19

Cough, sneeze, pass it on – pupils’ understanding of infectious diseases in the aftermath of COVID-19

ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic had an immense impact on communities around the world. We know that new epidemic-prone diseases will emerge in the future. Consequently, it is important to investigate what impact the current pandemic had on school children’s understanding of infectious diseases in order to develop biology education based on that novel understanding. The aim of this study was to explore Swedish middle school (10-12-year-old) pupils’ understanding of infectious diseases and their perceived sources of knowledge. Data was collected through individual semi-structured interviews with fifteen pupils and analysed by thematic coding. Results revealed a great impact of the pandemic on the respondents’ conceptions. Firstly, their notion of infectious diseases based on their idea of COVID-19 was elusive because COVID-19 can manifest very differently. Secondly, the need to care about oneself and others was recognized. Thirdly, the importance of vaccines was recognized, but vaccines were given different roles. Finally, their understanding of infection seems to originate from informal domains such as the news and the Internet, rather than from biology education. One proposal for biology teaching could be to introduce scientific concepts earlier, to pay more attention to differences and similarities between infectious diseases, and to cooperate with other school subjects.

Challenges and Opportunities of Agriculture Digitalization in Spain

Motivated by the ongoing debate on food security and the global trend of adopting new emerging technologies in the aftermath of COVID-19, this research focuses on the challenges and opportunities of agriculture digitalization in Spain. This process of digital transformation of the agricultural sector is expected to significantly affect productivity, product quality, production costs, sustainability and environmental protection. For this reason, our study reviews the legal, technical, infrastructural, educational, financial and market challenges that can hinder or impose barriers to the digitalization of agriculture in Spain. In addition, the opportunities that digitalization can bring are identified, with the intention of contributing to provide insights that helps strengthen the Spanish agricultural model and make the necessary decision so that professionals in the sector are prepared to adapt to this intense change.

The Effect of Fear of COVID-19 on Luxury Consumption Tendency and the Role of Materialism

The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of COVID-19 fear on people’s luxury consumption tendencies and the role of materialism in mediating the effect of COVID-19 fear on people’s luxury consumption tendencies. The theory of psychological reactance (TPR) serves as the theoretical foundation for this work. TPR explains why people are so motivated to regain their freedom when their ability to perform a specific action is threatened or hampered. Panic behaviours triggered by anxiety, fear, and uncertainty were observed in almost every society at the start of the pandemic, and people tended to purchase food and hygiene products, particularly those required for survival. Consumers who gained the freedom to purchase goods or services from stores that opened as a result of the relaxation of restrictions immediately following the pandemic period turned to luxury goods in search of "compensation". When the pandemic rules are initially relaxed, consumers’ "luxury consuming" behaviour/freedom is restricted due to the COVID-19 pandemic, leading to "revenge buying". Based on the TPR, it is assumed that the COVID-19 fear of consumers following extraordinary processes such as pandemics may have a positive effect on their luxury consumption tendencies in this study. The online questionnaire technique was used in the study to collect data. Data were gathered from 845 adults aged 18 and up who volunteered to participate in the study in Turkey. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling (SEM) were used to analyse the data for the measurement model and hypothesis testing in the study. The study’s findings show that COVID-19 fear has a significant and positive effect on the desire to consume luxury goods. Furthermore, materialism plays an important and positive mediating role in the influence of fear of COVID-19 on the tendency to consume luxury goods. While this study contains cultural relics of luxury consumption tendencies, it also provides critical insights into consumer luxury tendencies in the aftermath of COVID-19. It is critical to evaluate various elements that may influence luxury consumption tendencies to analyse the effects of comparable processes that may be experienced by future consumers.

Rural co-working: New network spaces and new opportunities for a smart countryside

Coworking has been a largely urban phenomenon although new initiatives are emerging in rural areas. Rural coworking is partly a response to the growing need for ICT, which is unevenly provided across rural areas, and partly to the social needs of freelancers and home-workers. By combining technological and social functions, coworking spaces can play key roles in the progress of a Smart Countryside, supporting digital, knowledge-based and creative entrepreneurs within rural places, thus reducing the need for extensive commuting and out-migration, particularly among younger and higher-skilled workers.As working practices evolve in the aftermath of Covid-19, these new physical spaces are expected to facilitate new network connections. Castells’ Network Society provides a valuable lens through which to investigate how coworking founders and managers promote a mix of internal and external networks that might create new, and superior, entrepreneurial opportunities. The research highlights strategies to promote collaboration as well as methods of adapting to meet new demands from rural workers in a range of rural settings. As an array of different rural coworking models evolve, we also reflect on the importance of inclusivity and identity in determining their relationship with other actors in the local economy.

The aftermath of COVID-19: exploring workplace expectations among GenZ in India

The aftermath of COVID-19: exploring workplace expectations among GenZ in India

Impact of COVID-19 on ophthalmology residency training - can it be swept under the rug?

Dear Editor, The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted and altered the way residency training is imparted. Online webinars to substitute clinical learning and wet labs to substitute surgical training have been adopted by institutions to mitigate the losses from hands-on clinical and surgical exposure for residents.[1,2] Amongst this, the losses incurred by the 2019 batch of admitted residents, in particular, have arguably been the most detrimental with 18 months of a 36-month training period clashing with the pandemic (March 2020 to September 2021, the waning of the second wave).[3] With this forethought, we circulated an online questionnaire via Google Forms to all the 2019 batch of Ophthalmology residents (who have taken their final MS/DNB examinations between April and June 2022) with relevant questions about their perception of their current clinical and surgical training status, the effect of COVID-19 on their residency training and overall mental health. The questionnaire was distributed in the eight medical colleges and training institutes in Pondicherry. No personal details or identity were asked to ensure accurate reporting. Out of a total of 38 residents, 35 responded to the questionnaire. Among the respondees, 71% (n = 25) were females, while 29% (n = 10) were males. A staggering 80% (n = 28) and 75% (n = 26) of residents felt that COVID-19 affected their clinical and surgical training respectively in some way. Meanwhile, 88.5% (n = 31) felt that mitigative measures like online webinars were of benefit to them [Figure 1]. However, in this regard, a considerable 57.5% (n = 20) residents are fearful of a prolonged training period post-residency and 71.5% (n = 25) feel a dip in their confidence owing to a loss in clinical and surgical exposure, 51.5% (n = 18) attributing it solely to the pandemic.Figure 1: (a) Residents response to COVID 19 affecting clinical and surgical training. (b) Pie chart representation of benefits with online webinar in residency trainingThough the limitations of a self-reported questionnaire are applicable, the aftermath of COVID-19 and its domino effect, particularly impacting the mental health of residents cannot be overlooked. Institutions conducting further training, are urged to consider this aspect and incorporate facilities and opportunities for further teaching to continue the high standard of Ophthalmic care. Financial support and sponsorship Nil. Conflicts of interest There are no conflicts of interest.

Serial Multiple Mediation of the Relationship between Positive Coping Style and Post-Traumatic Growth among Chinese College Students in the Aftermath of COVID-19

Serial Multiple Mediation of the Relationship between Positive Coping Style and Post-Traumatic Growth among Chinese College Students in the Aftermath of COVID-19

Systemic racism in data practices

Systemic racism in data practices

Public Attitudes to Immigration in the Aftermath of COVID-19: Little Change in Policy Preferences, Big Drops in Issue Salience.

How has the COVID-19 pandemic affected public attitudes toward immigration? Long-term evidence in Europe and the United States suggests attitudes to immigration are relatively stable and, in some cases, becoming more favorable with high volatility instead of the perceived importance of the issue. However, theoretically a global pandemic could exacerbate people's fears of outsiders or that migration may contribute to the disease. By contrast, attitudes could remain stable if their distal drivers prove to be robust enough to withstand the shock of COVID-19. We draw from Eurobarometer data from 2014 to 2021 across 28 European countries, weekly national survey data during the outbreak from the United States and individual panel data from the United Kingdom and Germany to find little systematic change in immigration preferences and no country-level correlation between the observed changes and the outbreak's severity. Instead, the perceived importance of immigration has consistently and significantly decreased. These findings suggest that, if COVID-19 is to have an impact on attitudes to migration, it is likely to emerge via longer-term means, such as early-life socialization and value change, rather than reactions to the immediate pandemic shock.

The aftermath of Covid-19: The rise of pandemic animosity among consumers and its scale development

Consumer animosity captures negative attitudes to foreign products and impacts willingness to buy them. Existing constructs nevertheless fail to account for an emerging dimension: pandemic animosity. This article heeds recent calls to develop a pandemic animosity measurement scale. Its purpose is to: (i) extend Klein et al.'s (1998) animosity model by adding the pandemic animosity construct, (ii) provide a measurement scale for pandemic animosity, and (iii) explain how pandemic animosity impacts consumers’ willingness to buy. Study 1 analyzes qualitative data from in-depth personal interviews with NVivo to identify themes and codes. An expert panel helped reach consensus of all indicators. Study 2 filters scale items using a pilot sample. Study 3 validates a 12-item scale with a larger representative sample. The results contribute to the consumer animosity literature by confirming the existence of pandemic animosity, providing an actionable measure, and confirming its negative impact on consumers’ willingness to buy.