Court Of Rome Research Articles

Medical Professional Liability in Obstetrics and Gynecology: A Pilot Study of Criminal Proceedings in the Public Prosecutor's Office at the Court of Rome.

Criminal trials and claims against physicians for malpractice-related damages have increased dramatically in recent years, and, with Obstetrics and Gynecology being one of the medical specialties that is at the highest risk, we carried out a retrospective analysis aimed at examining all Obstetrics- and Gynecology-related medical professional liability prosecutions within the General Register of Criminal Records of the Rome Public Prosecutor's Office between the years 2000 and 2014. The number of prosecutions increased steadily in the years 2000-2005, with varying trends in the following years. A total of 727 healthcare professionals were involved in criminal charges, and most prosecuted crimes were related to Articles 590 and 589 of the Italian Penal Code, followed by violations of Article 17 of Law 194/78. In most cases, filing was requested and granted without opposition. In 95 cases, an expert witness was appointed by the Court, and in 68 cases, the technical consultants of the State Prosecutor found culpable conduct. Public hospitals, private nursing homes and outpatient clinics, or private practices were mostly involved; in 45% of the cases, the physicians were hospital employees. In this setting, Italy is prepared to introduce new measures and regulations to address the issues posed by defensive medicine and charges of professional liability for healthcare providers.

German Crimes and Italian Money?

Abstract On 29 June 2022, the Italian Parliament approved Law no. 79, which converted — with amendments — Article 43 of Decree-Law no. 36/2022 of 30 April 2022 into law, possibly marking the final stage of the long saga of the German–Italian dispute over Germany’s civil liability for Nazi crimes against the Italian population during World War II. The Decree-Law was originally issued, as a matter of urgency, with a specific purpose: the Italian government intended to prevent the Federal Republic of Germany from suffering the loss of a significant real estate asset, located in Rome, due to the execution proceedings before the Court of Rome. However, the purpose of this legislative measure was not solely to avert this scenario in the short term. On the contrary, with the Decree-Law, now converted into law, the singular result has been reached that the Italian state will pay all compensation owed to victims of Nazi massacres on behalf of Germany. The article contextualizes the new provision, analysing the saga of Germany’s civil liability in parallel with the criminal prosecutions of Nazi criminals in Italy, both after the war and in more recent years. It provides critical evaluations and proposes hypotheses on possible future scenarios.

The Italian Criminal Court of Rome: The Latest Chapter of the Avastin-Lucentis Saga

The Italian Criminal Court of Rome: The Latest Chapter of the Avastin-Lucentis Saga

A short history of the journal

This journal was founded in the 60s under the direction of Prof. Franco Granone of the University of Turin, remembered as the first neuropsychiatrist who gave an academic and scientific body to clinical hypnosis with its “Hypnosis Treaty” published by UTET. The first name given to the journal, published for the types of Minerva Medica, was “Rassegna di Ipnosi e Medicina Psicosomatica”. By the will of all the members of the Italian Center for Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis of Turin, in 1974 the Journal changed its title in “Rassegna di Psicoterapia, Ipnosi, Stati di Coscienza” (Authorization Court of Turin n. 2423 of 18.6.1974). However, at the departure of the Director of Minerva Medica Dr. Tommaso Oliaro, the journal, as well as other journals, suffered the unpleasant deletion due to lack of funds. It was on that date that my teacher of Hypnosis, the same Franco Granone, asked me to take care of the journal so that it could be republished and, in my transfer (May 1988) from the University of Bari to the University of Rome “Sapienza”, I proceeded with the due timescales for the formalizations to submit the journal to the same Sapienza University of Rome, with a first moment of transition at the Roman University Editions and the registration at the Court of Rome n. 341/90 on 28.5.1990. But very soon, the Senate Academic and the Board of Directors of Sapienza University of Rome, resolved to become “owned” by the same University and, also as a quarterly periodical, was registered at the Court of Rome n. 00325/96 the 28.6.1996 changing entirely the title, as it was directed by my person at the time Holder of the Chair of Forensic Psychopathology. The title became “Rassegna di psicoterapie, Ipnosi, Medicina Psicosomatica, Psicopatologia Forense”. This title continued to exist until, in the physiological passage to another Director, further formalizations including the Sapienza Board of Directors, resolved, on 30 October 2017, to definitively change its name as “Rivista di Psicopatologia forense, Medicina Legale, Criminologia” with Director Prof. Natale Mario Di Luca, head of the Legal Medicine Section of the Department of Anatomical Sciences, Histology, Legal Medicine and of the Locomotor System of Sapienza University of Rome. The Evaluation Committee of the New Journal decided to delegate the professors who appear in the cover page of the new issue, each with the respective task, and I accepted the position of Responsible Coordinator and Scientific Director of the Journal. The advisory committee has been chosen among the most prestigious signatures of the best-known Italian and foreign universities. Obviously, a section will still be reserved for memory duty to Clinical Hypnosis. I wish to this journal, now become historic for its birth and its evolution, the best of luck.

Child Custody in Italian Management of Divorce

The current research examined the question of child custody with regard to divorced families in Italy. This study proposed to evaluate, following the introduction of Law 54/2006 in March 2006 concerning shared custody, whether or not changes occurred in either the decisions on judicial divorce in the Court of Rome or in the choices of the parents who divorced by mutual consent in the same court. The archival research examined 100 judgments on judicial divorce (50 before Law 54/2006-2005 and 50 after Law 54/2006-2007) and 100 judgments on divorce by mutual consent (by the same procedure). The instrument employed was a schedule of content analysis. The data were examined by means of frequency analyses and statistical tests (chi-square test and ANOVA). Consistently with the expectations of the authors, the results showed that after the enactment of Law 54/2006, there were significant changes in the management of child custody and visit planning with the nonresidential parent. Research and clinical implications are discussed.

Politiques et pratiques de la science en cour de Rome au temps des Lumières. Le renouveau méconnu des pontificats pio-clémentins (1769-1799)

Souvent réduite à la figure de Benoît XIV, la politique de la cour de Rome en matière de science à l’époque des Lumières a connu d’importants développements dans la seconde moitié du siècle, au cours des pontificats de Clément XIV (1769-1774) et de Pie VI (1775-1799). La suppression de l’ordre des jésuites, imposée au Saint-Siège par les monarchies catholiques en 1773, engendra en effet une véritable recomposition de la politique pontificale en matière de science et de savoirs. Ce renouveau, confié à des prélats appelés à jouer un rôle croissant au sein de la Curie, impliqua des savants romains appartenant à divers ordres religieux, et bénéficia aux nombreux hommes de science étrangers de passage à Rome dans le cadre du Grand Tour.Dans le domaine des sciences mécaniques et astronomiques, le futur secrétaire d’état de Pie VI, François-Xavier Zelada, œuvra à la constitution d’un observatoire et d’un cabinet de physique expérimentale au Vatican, délibérément ouverts aux savants étrangers. Il permit ainsi à la ville de Rome de s’associer à la construction épistolaire du nouvel espace européen de relevés astronomiques engendré par la découverte de la planète Uranus. Zelada reprit également en main le Collegio Romano des anciens jésuites, appelant à y enseigner à des savants tels que le père minime François Jacquier, célèbre pour son commentaire latin des Principia de Newton. Dans le domaine médical, Pie VI créa à la Sapienza une nouvelle chaire d’obstétrique et de chirurgie, ce qui entraîna un accroissement du nombre des étudiants en médecine au sein de la célèbre université romaine. Le médecin du pape, Giuseppe Flajani, augmenta en outre les collections de cires anatomiques et multiplia les séances de dissection au sein l’hôpital Santo Spirito in Sassia, en les ouvrant au public des savants étrangers. Enfin, dans le domaine en voie de constitution des sciences de l’homme, Stefano Borgia mis à profit le réseau missionnaire pour former au sein du Collegio di Propaganda Fide et dans la ville de Velletri des collections anthropologiques touchant aux diverses civilisations du monde. Relevant davantage de l’encyclopédisme des Lumières que de l’éclectisme des cabinets de curiosités, ces collections attirèrent en nombre les savants issus des diverses académies des sciences européennes.Trouvant son pendant dans le domaine artistique avec la création du musée Pio-Clementino, cette politique de la science participe d’une vaste ambition de reconquête culturelle catholique. Tout en rejetant violemment les expressions les plus radicales de la culture des Lumières, comme le matérialisme et l’athéisme, la papauté cherche alors à s’en approprier les aspects les plus mesurés, en particulier dans le champ scientifique. Fondée sur l’exploitation des sources vaticanes, des archives des ordres religieux et des récits inédits de savants voyageurs, la communication se propose d’analyser la portée et les limites de ce consensus original entre culture catholique et culture scientifique.

Papes, princes et savants dans l’Europe moderne: Mélanges à la mémoire de Bruno Neveu (review)

Reviewed by: Papes, princes et savants dans l’Europe moderne: Mélanges à la mémoire de Bruno Neveu Daniella Kostroun Papes, princes et savants dans l’Europe moderne: Mélanges à la mémoire de Bruno Neveu. Edited by Jean-Louis QuantinJean-Claude Waquet. [École Pratique des Hautes Études, Sciences historiques et philologiques VI, Hautes Études Médiévales et Modernes, 90.] (Geneva: Librarie Droz. 2007. Pp xii, 441. $75.00 paperback. ISBN 978-2-600-01125-9.) When Jean-Louis Quantin and Jean-Claude Waquet approached Bruno Neveu in 2003 with an idea to assemble a volume of essays in his honor, they had no idea how timely their tribute would be. Neveu died the following year while on a research trip. The volume, which Neveu helped to assemble before his death, contains eighteen essays divided equally into three sections reflecting the major themes permeating his work on sixteenth- and seventeenth-century France, England, and Italy: (1) the culture, exchanges, and production of knowledge among religious scholars; (2) diplomatic relations and practices of negotiation; and (3) the instruments, representations, and power of Rome and the papacy. Two introductory essays by Quantin and Waquet and a complete bibliography of Neveu’s printed works precede the core essays. Quantin’s “De l’Histoire de l’érudition [End Page 155] ecclésiastique à l’histoire de l’orthodoxie religieuse: Bruno Neveu et le catholicisme” is a bio-bibliographic essay that traces Neveu’s interests as they swung from French Jansenism and Gallican politics at Port Royal, to the study of theology—particularly problems of orthodoxy and papal infallibility—at the court of Rome. Neveu’s most current and unfinished book settled on the topic of English recusant history. For Neveu, the ecclesiology of English Catholics represented a possible synthesis, or “third way,” between the two extremes of French conciliarism and papal infallibility that he had examined in earlier works. Waquet’s essay, “Bruno Neveu: Historien des relations diplomatiques,” emphasizes Neveu’s defense of positivist historical methods in the 1960s and 1970s when French intellectuals were rejecting the importance of individual agency and authorial intent as historical frameworks. For Neveu, the diplomatic dispatches he studied provided tangible evidence of texts in which human intent and authenticity were integral to their meaning and production. The eighteen invited essays represent original research by scholars whose works intersect with Neveu’s interests in various ways. In part 1, Sylvio Hermann de Francheschi’s article “Gallicanisme, antirichérisme et reconnaissance de la romanité ecclésiale: La dispute entre le cardinal Bellarmin et le théologien parisien André Duval (1614)” explores resistance in France to the doctrine of papal infallibility. Whereas Neveu focused on the diehard resistance of those associated with Port Royal, Francheschi examines the case of André Duval, who had sought a compromise between the extremes of Gallican conciliarism and papal infallibility in the early-seventeenth century by supporting papal authority but with some concessions to the French clergy. Duval’s correspondence with Bellarmine reveals how authorities in Rome tried to manage their supporters abroad and undermined them by preventing them from straddling the gap between national and international Catholic interests. In part 2, Robert Anthony Beddard’s essay, “Queen Henrietta Maria’s Mission and the Reopening of the Catholic Chapel Royal in Restoration England,” reveals the potential of Neveu’s interests and methods to enrich other fields—in this case, women’s history. By placing Henrietta Maria at the center of his analysis, Beddard highlights the role played by dynastic marriage and female conversion in international diplomacy and negotiations in seventeenth-century Europe. Pietro Stella’s article in part 3, “Quesnel autore spirituale nell’Italia dei secoli XVIII e XIX,” considers the Italian editions of texts by Pasquier Quesnel, the French Oratorian and Jansenist whose reflections on the New Testament were famously condemned by the bull Unigenitus in 1713. The timing of Italian editions of his works and several of the adjustments made to his original texts reveal how editors tailored these translations to fit specific controversies surrounding Italian bishops. Thus, although the ideas of French Jansenists permeated Italy, their ideas passed through linguistic and political filters that made them distinctly Italian by the time they circulated...

THE NEWSLETTERS

THE NEWSLETTERS

Court and Politics in Papal Rome, 1492-1700

Introduction Gianvittorio Signorotto and Maria Antonietta Visceglia 1. A turning-point in the history of the factional system in the Sacred College: the power of the pope and cardinals in the age of Alexander VI Marco Pellegrini 2. The court and the city in the ceremony of the possesso in the sixteenth century Irene Fosi 3. 'Rome, workshop of all the practice of the world': from the letters of cardinal Ferdinando de' Medici to Cosimo I and Francesco I Elena Fasano Guarini 4. The 'world's theatre': the court of Rome and politics in the first half of the seventeenth century Mario Rosa 5. Factions in the Sacred College in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries Maria Antonietta Visceglia 6. The Secretariat of State as the pope's special ministry Antonio Menniti Ippolito 7. The cardinal protectors of the crowns in the Roman curia during the first half of the seventeenth century: the case of France Olivier Poncet 8. The squadrone volante: 'independent' cardinals and European politics in the second half of the seventeenth century Gianvittorio Signorotto 9. Roman avvisi: information and politics in the seventeenth century Mario Infelise 10. Hegemony of the social scene and zealous popes, 1676-1700 Renata Ago.

William Leslie, Henry Howard and Lord Arlington 1666–67

In a previous article in Recusant History (Jan. 1958), passing reference was made to two substantial documents by William Leslie (about 20,000 words in all) in Public Record Office: ‘A Relation of the Cardinals of the Court of Rome’ and ‘Concerning the affairs of Rome in relation to England’ (PRO SP 9/203/7, 8 and 9). They are part of the archives of Henry Bennet, Lord Arlington, Secretary of State 1662-74, and have been endorsed by Arlington's secretary, Joseph Williamson, in the form: ‘This was a copy of a paper written to Mr Henry Howard of Norfolk 1667 by one Leslie, a Scottish priest at Rome, and by him for his own discharge communicated to my Lord Arlington, with renunciation of all such correspondences for the future.’

Ritual, Tradition, and Polyphony at the Court of Rome

Scholars often tend to see Roman liturgical practice as immutable and absolute, using the authority of Rome and its bishop to gauge all other ceremonies. However, what has been pointed out time and again concerning the variability of medieval liturgy in general certainly holds in the particular case of papal Rome. During the period prior to the fourteenth century, the city was itself a complex and fragmented network of contradictory traditions.

Ritual, Tradition, and Polyphony at the Court of Rome

Ritual, Tradition, and Polyphony at the Court of Rome

Cardinal Bainbridge in the Court of Rome, 1509–1514. By D. S. Chambers. London: Oxford University Press, 1965. xii + 178 pp. 30s.

Cardinal Bainbridge in the Court of Rome, 1509–1514. By D. S. Chambers. London: Oxford University Press, 1965. xii + 178 pp. 30s.

Cardinal Bainbridge in the Court of Rome, 1509 to 1514. By D. S. Chambers. (Oxford Historical Series, Second Series). Pp. xii + 178 with 2 maps. London: Oxford University Press, 1965. 30s.

Cardinal Bainbridge in the Court of Rome, 1509 to 1514. By D. S. Chambers. (Oxford Historical Series, Second Series). Pp. xii + 178 with 2 maps. London: Oxford University Press, 1965. 30s. - Volume 17 Issue 1

Cardinal Bainbridge in the Court of Rome, 1509 to 1514. By D. S. Chambers. [Oxford Historical Series, Second Series.] (New York: Oxford University Press. 1965. Pp. xii, 178.)

Journal Article Cardinal Bainbridge in the Court of Rome, 1509 to 1514. By D. S. Chambers. [Oxford Historical Series, Second Series.] (New York: Oxford University Press. 1965. Pp. xii, 178.) Get access Cardinal Bainbridge in the Court of Rome, 1509 to 1514. By Chambers D. S.. [Oxford Historical Series, Second Series.] (New York: Oxford University Press. 1965. Pp. xii, 178.) Lacey Baldwin Smith Lacey Baldwin Smith Northwestern University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The American Historical Review, Volume 71, Issue 2, January 1966, Pages 550–551, https://doi.org/10.1086/ahr/71.2.550 Published: 01 January 1966

REVIEWS

St Anselm's‘Proslogion’with‘A Reply on Behalf of the Fooľ by Gaunilo and‘The Author's Reply to Gaunilo’. Translated with an introduction and philosophical commentary by M. J. Charlesworth. Christian Discourse. Some Logical Explorations. By Ian Ramsey. Philosophy and Religion. By Axel Hägerström. Translated by Robert T. Sandin. Spirit as Inquiry. Studies in Honour of Bernard Lonergan, S.J. Edited by Frederick E. Crowe, s.j. The Existential Background of Human Dignity. By Gabriel Marcel. The Moral Teaching of the New Testament. By Rudolf Schnackenburg. The Power and the Wisdom. By John L. McKenzie. Christ in Christian Tradition. Alois Grillmeder, s.j. Translated by J. S. Bowden. The Athanasian Creed. J. N. D. Kelly, d.d. St Jerome as a Satirist. By David S. Wiesen. Early Thomistic School. By Frederick J. Roensch. Cardinal Bainbridge in the Court of Rome, 1509 to 1514. By D. S. Chambers The Dangerous Queen. By Francis Edwards, s.j. Commentarios al Codigo de Derecho Canonico. Vols I‐IV. The Politics of Johannes Althusius. Translated and abridged by Frederick S. Carney. With a Preface by Carl J. Friedrich. No Rusty Swords. Letters, Lectures and Notes 1928–1936 (from the collected works). By Dietrich Bonhoeffer. Edited and introduced by Edwin H. Robertson. Translated by Edwin H. Robertson and John Bowden. The New Reformation? By John A. T. Robinson. The Secularization of Christianity. By E. L. Mascall. Die Arnoldshainer Abendmahlsthesen. By W. L. Boelens, s.j.

Cardinal Bainbridge in the Court of Rome, 1509 to 1514

Cardinal Bainbridge in the Court of Rome, 1509 to 1514

A Fresh Approach to Pliny's Letters

The Pliny who is known to us from his letters has too often been dismissed as a conscientious but timid administrator, a pedant aspiring to literary fame, and a generous patron whose uncritical support of promising young men ends by becoming a bore. The answer would be that the Roman conception of friendship was one of mutual aid and reciprocal obligations on the part of cliens and patronus; that desire for gloria is marked in almost every Roman we know about and is closely associated with the hope non omnis moriar; and that when Pliny was sent out as an administrator with special powers as legatus Augusti propraetore consulari potestate to inquire into the financial and administrative confusion in the affairs of Bithynia and Pontus, he had considerable legal experience from his work in the Chancery court of Rome as well as expert knowledge of Bithynia from his handling of the defence in the cases brought by the province against the senatorial governors Iulius Bassus and Rufus Varenus.

Petitions for Benefices from English Universities during the Great Schism

Few topics in ecclesiastical history have demanded so much revision and revaluation as the papal collation of benefices. Earlier generations of historians, even if they treated with reserve the criticism of provisions voiced by Matthew Paris, nevertheless regarded the successive general reservations from 1265 to 1362 as a glaring invasion of the rights of ordinary collators: juris ordinariorum locorum usurpacio, as Dietrich of Niem called them in 1410. Papal provisions of whatsoever category were represented as acts of administrative intervention which aroused national feeling, especially in this country, to statutory counter-measures; as an abuse, not only because they introduced the non-resident alien into the English dioceses, but also because they diverted the normally resident incumbent from his cure in order to defend his title at the Court of Rome.

Chaucer's "Wretched Engendering" and "An Holy Medytacion"

First, the relations of the three texts should be clarified. It is a fact that the Meditation is indebted to the Latin verse De humana miseria tractatus, and this to Pope Innocent's prose treatise De contemptu mundi, but their dependence is not nearly so great as readers have been led to infer. To summarize the Tractatus, the poet's pleasure in nature leads him to reflections on the baseness of man and the vanity of this world, and this to an attack on the court of Rome. Only the section on the baseness and misery of man, i.e., only one-quarter of this 148-line piece, is translated or derived from DCM. The Meditation starts with pleasure in nature; this leads to self-abasement (about one-quarter of the 180-line poem), which the poet would escape through religious considerations. Only half the lines of the Meditation are translated more or less closely from the Tractatus, the other half being partly expansion, mostly straight innovation. The larger portion of what the Tractatus had translated from DCM is discarded by the English writer; only six lines of his Meditation (51, 59, 113-14, 119-20) are translation (at second hand) from DCM. About one (scattered) quarter of the poem is somewhat like Innocent's treatise; nothing in the other three quarters has any kind of resemblance to anything in it. We shall consider separately the two problems: (1) Is An holy medytacion Chaucer's Wretched engendering? and (2) Did Chaucer write An holy medytacion?