Related Courses Research Articles

Predicting academic procrastination of students based on academic self-efficacy and emotional regulation difficulties

Academic procrastination is one of the major factors that can be a serious obstacle for students to achieve academic progress and success. This research aimed to investigate and predict academic procrastination based on academic self-efficacy and emotional regulation difficulties of students of one of the medical sciences universities in southern Iran in 2024. This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on 290 students of different fields in the south of Iran between January and April 2024. Data was collected using standard questionnaires of academic procrastination, academic self-efficacy, and difficulty in emotional regulation. Descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and multiple linear regression were employed to examine the data using SPSS 23 software. A significant level of 0.05 was considered. The average score of academic procrastination, academic self-efficacy, and difficulty in emotional regulation of the studied students was 66.21 ± 4.06 (out of 108), 59.58 ± 5.84 (out of 120), and 121.42 ± 6.88 (out of 180), respectively, which indicates a moderate level of academic self-efficacy and academic procrastination and a high level of difficulty in emotional regulation. A statistically significant correlation was observed between students’ academic procrastination and academic self-efficacy (r = -0.648, p < 0.001) and the difficulty in emotional regulation (r = 0.701, p < 0.001). Based on the results of multiple linear regression, components of academic self-efficacy, including effort, talent, and context, as well as components of difficulty in emotion regulation, including difficulty in performing purposeful behavior, lack of emotional awareness, limited access to emotional regulation strategies, non-acceptance of emotional responses, difficulty in impulse control, and lack of emotional clarity, were identified as predictors of academic procrastination (p < 0.05). Considering the students’ academic procrastination and the effect of academic self-efficacy and difficulty in emotional regulation on it, it is suggested that university administrators provide the field of improvement and promotion of students’ academic self-efficacy and emotional regulation through holding related courses and workshops so that in this way procrastination can be reduced.

GEORGIA-RUSSIA RELATIONS DURING THE PERIOD OF"GEORGIAN DREAM" POWER

The current stage of Georgia-Russia relations began in 2012, when the "Georgian Dream" party came to power and introduced changes in the foreign policy course. In order to understand the current course of bilateral relations, it is important to analyze the processes that have taken place between the parties since 2012. The purpose of the scientific work is to analyze the bilateral relations after the "Georgian Dream" came to power, to present the existing problems and challenges, to investigate the nature of these relations, as well as the influence of geopolitical developments on the relations. While writing the scientific work, we used the systematic methods of historical-comparative, event and content analysis. Achievements. Since 2012, relations between Georgia and the Russian Federation have registered a dynamic growth in several areas, changing the character and course of relations, the Russian Federation has become one of the leading economic states of Georgia, but politically, the existing problems the ongoing conflicts with Abkhazia and Ossetia in bilateral relations remain unresolved.

Inclusion of Ethics Instruction in Technical Machine Learning Courses

In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has been developed and implemented across all domains of society, and this has accompanied various ethical concerns, including but not limited to predictive policing, autonomous military technologies, issues in medical systems and the prevalence of facial recognition technologies in government surveillance. Given the growth of AI and the proliferation of unethical AI systems, educational institutions are considering where and how to best teach the ethics of AI within the engineering curriculum. Noting the fledgling nature of AI ethics as a discipline, there is no consensus between academics on how to best integrate ethics curriculum within the curricula. This paper describes the development of a survey to better understand the instructor view and experience with integrating ethics curriculum. A questionnaire about ethics integration was designed and shared with all instructors teaching AI or related courses at a large, major research institution. The courses were primarily situated in engineering and computer science. Although the response rate was low, the design of the survey offers a useful example for other researchers considering survey design. This paper presents a work in progress.

M.N. Muravyev and the Icons of St. Isaac’s Cathedral in Vilna: Imperial Transfer of Sacral Images?

Introduction. In the Orthodox Nicholas Church in Vilna since the 1860s, there were icons brought from St. Isaac’s Cathedral in St. Petersburg. The reasons, mechanisms, and socio-political context of the transportation of the icons from the capital of the Russian Empire to the Northwestern Krai after the uprising of 1863 were not clear. The purpose of this article is to analyze the complex of archival and published sources and reconstruct the history of sending the icons of St. Isaac’s Cathedral to Vilna, to identify the factors that accompanied this process and to determine the circle of its participants. Methods and materials. The article is based on the archival sources from the funds of the Russian State Historical Archive (f. 472 “Chancery of the Ministry of the Imperial Court,” f. 502 “Cabinet of the Architect Montferrand,” f. 789 “Imperial Academy of Arts,” f. 1311 “Commission of the construction of St. Isaac’s Cathedral”). The study of archival sources and synchronous sources of personal origin and historiography made it possible to reconstruct the motives, the course, and stages of the transportation of icons from St. Isaac’s Cathedral to Vilna churches. Analysis. The solicitation of the Vilna Governor-General M.N. Muravyev about sending to Vilna the picturesque icons replaced by mosaics in St. Isaac’s Cathedral was caused both by his desire for economy and the speedy filling of Vilna churches by Orthodox icons and, apparently, by the very correspondence of the icons (depicting saints whose names coincided with the names of members of the Romanov dynasty) to his own political course aimed at imperial integration and the symbolic conquest of the space of the Northwestern Krai. Results. M.N. Muravyev’s successor, the Governor-General K.P. Kaufman, who perhaps knew about the symbolic unity of Orthodoxy and the monarchy, reflected in the icons of St. Isaac’s Cathedral, made a similar request to the Ministry of the Imperial Court to send the additional icons. However, Alexander II was a supporter of a softer political course in relation to the Northwestern Krai and did not consider the icons of St. Isaac’s Cathedral as an instrument of symbolic and confessional politics, and the practice of sending the icons from Petersburg to Vilna was finished. Funding. The research was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project № 21-48-04402 “Saints and heroes from Christianization to Nationalism: Symbol, Image, Memory (Nord-West Russia, Baltic and Nordic countries)”.

Application of a flipped classroom incorporating modified team-based learning in molecular biology laboratory teaching: a mixed methods study

BackgroundThe Flipped Classroom with Team-Based Learning (FC-TBL) approach has gained traction in medical education in recent years, yet a comprehensive assessment of its instructional efficacy remains limited. This study sought to elucidate the effectiveness of FC-TBL in molecular biology laboratory instruction and assess its influence on subsequent related courses’ learning outcomes.MethodsA total of 109 students were randomly assigned to either the traditional Lecture-Based Learning (LBL) group or the FC-TBL group. Students’ academic performance and satisfaction were gauged through final examinations and surveys, while the enduring impact of FC-TBL was evaluated using online assessments and tracking students’ scores in follow-up courses.ResultsThe findings indicate that FC-TBL significantly enhanced students’ academic achievements in molecular biology labs and garnered higher satisfaction rates among participants compared to traditional methods. Furthermore, in terms of sustained benefits, FC-TBL demonstrated a marked improvement in the learning outcomes of subsequent related courses.ConclusionIn conclusion, this study underscores the efficacy of FC-TBL in fostering both immediate and lasting learning effects, positioning it as a promising pedagogical model for adoption in laboratory instruction across various medical education disciplines.

APPRECIATION OF ETHICS AND CIVILIZATION AS GENERAL COURSE IN MALAYSIAN UNIVERSITY: A LITERATURE REVIEW

The Appreciation of Ethics and Civilization Course is one of the new compulsory courses introduced in the 2019/2020 intake session for all public universities and private universities. This course is highly relevant for universities in Malaysia. Its sub-topics are organized around specific themes, addressing issues related to patriotism, ethics, and civilization on a global scale. Additionally, the course emphasizes the importance of tolerance in fostering harmonious relationships among the diverse ethnic groups in Malaysia. This course is recognized for fostering patriotism and encouraging good ethics in daily life, specifically aimed at university students in Malaysia. It also encompasses concepts similar to those discussed in the Ethnic Relations course. To enhance understanding of the course, it is essential to analyse several key aspects: objectives, content, human resources, teaching and learning methods, assessment methods, issues and challenges, as well as the moral values of implementation. Examining these elements will not only deepen comprehension of the course but also generate insights and suggestions for future research.

Incorporation of Real Experiences and Artifacts As an Online Learning Intervention

Online learning has become a significant trend in recent years, but the lack of direct interaction between students and lecturers can reduce its effectiveness. This study addresses this challenge by incorporating real-world experiences—specifically two case studies, one real-world project, and simulations—alongside concrete artifacts such as software documentation, research reports, and test results. This research aims to improve the effectiveness of online learning in software verification and validation courses by incorporating real-world experiences and artifacts. A case study approach was used to test the effectiveness of this intervention by involving students from related courses. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and surveys, and analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively to understand the impact of the intervention on improving the learning experience and understanding of software verification and validation concepts. Qualitative analysis highlighted that the integration of these elements improved students' conceptual understanding and practical application skills. Quantitative results indicated a 30% increase in student engagement and a 25% improvement in understanding course material compared to prior cohorts. The findings underscore the importance of integrating real-world experiences and artifacts into online learning to promote deeper engagement, better comprehension, and more authentic learning experiences.

Retrostyloid and retromandibular courses of the external carotid artery.

The external carotid artery (ECA) branching pattern has been extensively studied in the current literature. However, its topographical variability has been barely reported. The aim of the current study was to assess the ECA in relationship with the styloid process (SP) and the mandible. 100 computed tomography angiograms were randomly selected and retrospectively investigated on the neck region for the ECA course in relation to the SP and the mandible. A retrostyloid course of the ECA was identified on 18 sides (9%). Six patients had a bilateral retrostyloid ECA, and six patients had a unilateral variant. The side and sexes did not affect the prevalence of this variant. The elongated SP or variable ossification of the stylohyoid chain did not affect the retrostyloid course. The ECA retromandibular course of type 1 (straight course deep to the ramus of the mandible) was identified in 30.5%, type 2 (lateral retromandibular loop) in 20%, and type 3 (lateral retromandibular loop behind the ramus of the mandible) in 45.5%. The side and sexes did not affect the prevalence of this variant. Our study enhances the current knowledge on the ECA topography. Both variants investigated in the current study, displace the ECA into the parapharyngeal space. Knowledge of these anatomic variations are of importance preoperatively to avoid iatrogenic injuries.

South Asia’s Naval Shift: Regional Cooperation and Challenges

This research explores the significant influence of South Asia on the politics of the Indian Ocean Region (IOR) and analyzes the extensive implications for the region resulting from the policy changes in India and Pakistan. The long-standing source of conflict, the Kashmir issue remained a bone of contention between the two states. Historically involved in border conflicts, both are now making concerted efforts to enhance their naval capabilities through unilateral, bilateral, and multilateral engagements. This strategic adjustment has surpassed past difficulties, resulting in new interactions in the Indian Ocean Region. The research also explores the potential ways of cooperation between the two states and region as whole, and the challenges that can be faced in the way of regional cooperation or development. The escalating tensions in the region are further intensified by the mistrust and nuclearization of the region. This study rigorously analyzes the potential of regional organizations for cooperation and sustainable development, and the future course of Indo-Pak bilateral relations.

Measuring learning outcomes in cross-cultural relations courses: the case for experiential learning

PurposeSince accreditation bodies emphasize program-level learning goals, there is often less focus on measuring learning at the course level. This study aims to offer a method for using experiential learning exercises to measure student engagement and learning outcomes in cross-cultural relations courses by highlighting which learning outcomes to assess, how to measure the achievement of these learning outcomes, what students learn and the measurement process.Design/methodology/approachData was collected from three sections of the (control group) and (experiment groups). Chi-square independence and analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests were employed to examine the significant association between these groups.FindingsStudents perform alike when exposed to various experiential learning methods. However, the lack of experiential learning might hinder students’ understanding of the course material. Consequently, the performance in both learning objectives from the control group was significantly lower than students in the experiment groups.Originality/valueThis study presents an approach for merging assurance of learning into integrated business courses, and how to use experiential learning exercises as instructional tools for improving and measuring learning. When course-level assessments focusing on developing relevant competencies are well-implemented, they can strengthen related program-level goals.

Examination of elementary school students digital literacy levels in terms of different variables

The aim of this study is to examine the digital literacy levels of primary school students according to different variables. The survey model was used to investigate how technology, which has become one of the most important needs of today, affects the digital literacy of primary school students who have experienced distance education. The participants of the study consisted of 100 students studying in a city center located in the Black Sea region of Turkey. The data were obtained by using the personal information form developed by the researchers and the "Digital Literacy" scale developed by Pala and Başıbüyük (2010). In the analysis of the data, percentage, arithmetic mean, gender, independent sample t-test for the variables of availability of technological tools, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for the variables of parental education level, place of residence, time spent with technology and family income level. As a result of the research, it was seen that the digital literacy level of the students was at an average level and that the digital literacy of the students showed significance according to the family income level and the availability of internet at home, while there was no significant difference according to variables such as gender, parental education level, and the availability of technological devices. Based on the data of the study, it is recommended to include related courses in the curriculum for the positive development of students' digital literacy.

Coracobrachialis muscle variants in human fetuses.

The current cadaveric study on human fetuses demonstrates the coracobrachialis muscle variability. It further analyzes the embryological and phylogenetic background as well as the coracobrachialis muscle variability in adults. Classical (gross anatomy) dissection was performed on 140 (34 male and 36 female) upper limbs of human fetuses, 10% formalin-fixed. The donated fetuses were obtained after spontaneous abortion and informed consent of both parents. The dissection was performed at the Anatomical Dissection and Donation Department of the Medical University of Lodz. Upon dissection, the following features were assessed: 1. the coracobrachialis muscle's anatomy, 2. the musculocutaneous nerve origin and course in relation to the coracobrachialis muscle, 3. the coexisting neural and muscular variants (co-variants), and 4. The morphometric details of the coracobrachialis heads and the nerve's length. Four muscle variants (based on the number of heads) were identified in 140 specimens. A two-headed muscle (typical anatomy) was identified in 60.7%, with origins from the coracoid process, and the biceps brachii short head or the coracoid process exclusively. A one-headed muscle with origin from the coracoid process was identified in 18.6%. Three- and four-headed muscles were identified in 10% and 10.7%, having origins from the coracoid process, and the biceps brachii short head. In all cases, the coracobrachialis was inserted into the distal humeral third. In cases of a muscle with two or more heads, the musculocutaneous nerve had a course between superficial and deep heads, while in cases of a single muscle head, the nerve followed a medial course to the muscle. Thirteen cases of musculocutaneous absence were identified (9.29%), in which the median nerve supplied the coracobrachialis. Four variants of the coracobrachialis muscle were identified according to the number of heads, compared to the three variants recorded in the human adult study. Coracobrachialis muscle and musculocutaneous nerve anatomy (typical and variant) are of clinical importance. II Basic Science Research.

The Implementation of the Career Guidance and Employment Course in Relation to the Students’ Performance in Hunan Areas and Crafts Vocational College

The Implementation of the Career Guidance and Employment Course in Relation to the Students’ Performance in Hunan Areas and Crafts Vocational College

A multi-criteria decision support system to evaluate the effectiveness of training courses on citizens’ employability

This study examines the impact of lifelong learning on the professional lives of employed and unemployed individuals. Lifelong learning is a crucial factor in securing employment or enhancing one’s existing career prospects. To achieve this objective, this study proposes the implementation of a multi-criteria decision support system for the evaluation of training courses in accordance with their capacity to enhance the employability of the students. The methodology is delineated in four stages. Firstly, a ‘working life curve’ was defined to provide a quantitative description of an individual’s working life. Secondly, an analysis based on K-medoids clustering defined a control group for each individual for comparison. Thirdly, the performance of a course according to each of the four predefined criteria was calculated using a t-test to determine the mean performance value of those who took the course. Ultimately, the unweighted TOPSIS method was used to evaluate the efficacy of the various training courses in relation to the four criteria. This approach effectively addresses the challenge of using extensive datasets within a system while facilitating the application of a multi-criteria unweighted TOPSIS method. The results of the multi-criteria TOPSIS method indicated that training courses related to the professional fields of administration and management, hostel and tourism and community and sociocultural services have positive impact on employability and improving the working conditions of citizens. However, courses that demonstrate the greatest effectiveness in ranking are the least demanded by citizens. The results will help policymakers evaluate the effectiveness of each training course offered by the regional government.

대학 교양교육에서의 AI에 대한 국내 연구 동향 분석 : 국내 학술지를 중심으로

This study was conducted to analyze domestic research trends on the use of AI(Artificial Intelligence) in university liberal arts education. Over the past four years(2021-2024), a total of 56 papers published in Korea major journals were analyzed, focusing on annual publication trends. The analysis considered research types, data collection methods, related courses, and research topics. Quantitative research was the most frequent among research types, while questionnaires(surveys) were the most popular data collection method. In addition, the subjects utilizing AI were classified into 6, and among them, AI and coding, writing, and English were analyzed to be most frequently utilized. This study is expected to contribute to increasing the possibility of practical application in the field of education by providing basic data for activating academic research on AI utilization and effective utilization in liberal arts education. Based on this, the direction of follow-up research will be suggested to seek ways to utilize AI technology more effectively in liberal arts education.

Toward Integration of Blockchain, Cryptocurrencies into Forensic Accounting Education

ABSTRACT Blockchain and cryptocurrency knowledge and skills are important for forensic accountants. We examine the integration of blockchain and cryptocurrency topics into forensic accounting education by (1) reviewing the literature to identify a list of blockchain and cryptocurrency topics that could be incorporated into forensic accounting education, (2) investigating the forensic accounting curriculum of universities worldwide in their coverage of blockchain and cryptocurrencies topics, and (3) presenting important topics in blockchain and cryptocurrencies that could be taught in related courses with a keen focus on the module approach. Among 20 universities with forensic accounting programs in China, only four provide stand-alone blockchain and cryptocurrency courses compared with 25 out of 58 forensic accounting programs in the United States that offer stand-alone blockchain and cryptocurrency courses. Our results highlight the importance of integrating blockchain and cryptocurrency content into forensic accounting education to provide the skills to deter, detect, and prevent fraud. Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources. JEL Classifications: M41; M42.

Evaluation of the Inferior Alveolar Canal Course in Relation to Fully and Partially Impacted Lower Third Molar Roots via Cone-Beam Computed Tomography.

Impacted mandibular third molars are frequently encountered in dentistry. As extraction is often the treatment of choice, knowledge of the proximity and relationship of the inferior alveolar canal (IAC) with the tooth is essential. This study was designed to determine the course of the IAC in cases of impacted lower third molars. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging of 103 patients (mean age: 37 years, range: 22-82 years) with 140 impacted lower third molars from 2016 to 2017 was evaluated. The number of roots, type of impaction according to Winter's classification, positional relationship of the IAC in relation to the roots, and shape of the canal were examined. The most common type of impaction was mesioangular, two-rooted molars. Most often, the canal ran below and in contact with the root, and the canal was most commonly oval-shaped. The type of impaction and the number of roots did not depend on sex. Single-rooted (p = 0.025) and distoangularly impacted (p = 0.019) molars were more common in older patients. There was a significant relationship between the number of roots and the canal running between the roots (p < 0.0001). There was no relationship between the shape of the IAC and the number of roots or type of impaction. Based on these results, the interesting correlation between age, type of impaction, and number of roots requires further investigation and explanation. The frequency of canals in contact with the root further emphasizes the importance of CBCT imaging for preoperative visualization.

Investigate the state of critical thinking and its impact on moral courage and moral sensitivity; evidence from nurses’ perspective

BackgroundCritical thinking, moral courage, and moral sensitivity are among the topics that are widely considered today in response to turbulent and complex environments in organizations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the state of critical thinking and its effect on moral courage and moral sensitivity in nurses working in hospitals under Jiroft University of Medical Sciences in southern Iran in 2024.MethodsThis descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on 385 nurses. The data collection tools were standard questionnaires of critical thinking, moral courage and moral sensitivity. Data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression using SPSS23 software.ResultsThe average scores of critical thinking, moral courage, and moral sensitivity of the studied nurses were 188.16 ± 8.22 out of 450, 62.32 ± 7.45 out of 105, and 71.55 ± 6.39 out of 100, respectively, indicating the weak level of critical thinking and the average level of moral courage and moral sensitivity of nurses. Between moral courage (p < 0.001, r = 0.574) and moral sensitivity (p < 0.001, r = 0.611) with critical thinking, a statistically significant correlation was observed in the direct direction. Based on the results of multiple linear regression, the components of critical thinking, which include truth-seeking, inquisitiveness, analyticity, systematicity, self-confidence, cognitive maturity, and open-mindedness, respectively, were identified as predictors of moral sensitivity and moral courage (P < 0.001).ConclusionThe critical thinking of the examined nurses was estimated at a weak level, and moral courage and moral sensitivity were estimated at a moderate level. Based on the results, there is a possibility that by improving critical thinking, the state of moral courage and moral sensitivity of nurses will improve. Therefore, it is suggested that the hospital managers provide an opportunity to improve the critical thinking status of nurses by holding related courses and workshops, so that by this means, we can witness the growth and improvement of their courage and moral sensitivity.

The Teaching Mode Reform and Innovation of “Specialized English for Environmental Design” in the Context of Educational Internationalization

As informatization and globalization continually deepen, the demand for internationally qualified talents increases, so the globalization of higher education is an inevitable trend in today’s society. As a first-line course that is directly connected with internationalization, “Specialized English for Environmental Design” is now offered in many universities in China. However, there are many problems in the combination of the course design and teaching objectives, so this paper takes the course in XDSISU as an example, analyzing the series of teaching reforms and innovations that have been carried out, hoping to provide a certain reference value for related courses.

Current aspects of the organization of first aid to military personnel of the NATO bloc (using the example of the Bundeswehr army)

The study examines the most pressing issues of the organization of first aid to military personnel in the countries of the NATO bloc (using the example of the Bundeswehr army). It has been established that the system of first aid to the wounded and injured is based on the principles of “tactical medicine”, including the possession by military personnel of algorithms for providing assistance in the “red” and “yellow” combat zones, as well as methods of evacuation to the stage of medical care. It is emphasized that in order to quickly and effectively carry out self- and mutual assistance activities on the battlefield, NATO military personnel have appropriate training in the use of a standard individual first aid kit. It is shown that the Bundeswehr army has successfully implemented a training program consisting of two consecutive and logically related medical training courses: an initial training cycle (course “A”) and a special medical training course (course “B”). Only military personnel who have successfully completed both training courses are allowed to provide first aid in combat and emergency situations. It was revealed that within the framework of initial military training, students master a set of measures for phased first aid to the wounded and injured in accordance with the “C–A–B–C–D–E” scheme. The subsequent course of special medical training is aimed at training military personnel in emergency resuscitation measures in conditions as close as possible to combat. The purpose of the study was to analyze the literature data devoted to the study of the peculiarities of the existing system of first aid to the wounded and injured in the armies of NATO countries, including in the aspect of the organization of the training process for servicemen. The research methodology included the analysis of scientific publications selected from domestic and foreign databases, such as e-Library and PubMed. The methods of content analysis, synthesis, method of historical comparison, and bibliographic research method were used.