Course Of School Education Research Articles

Intentional Measures to Achieve a Child's Mental Health

Objectives: The study aims to clarify the concept of mental health from an Islamic perspective, explaining the meaning of intentional measures, and the importance of the child’s mental health in accordance with the purposes of sharia, and clarify the treatments developed by the purposes of sharia in order to support the mental health of children.
 Methods: The study is based on two approaches; the inductive approach: by extrapolating and following the legal purposes in the rulings related to the child and enhancing his/her mental health, and the analytical approach: analysis of the legal texts of the Qur’an and sunnah, in addition, the branches of jurisprudence.
 Results: The necessary legitimate purposes have a direct role in supporting children’s mental health, that the three approaches to mental health: preventive, developmental, and curative, are consistent with the purposes of legitimacy in several places, and that the preventive approach meets the legal rulings based on preserving the necessities to preserve existence, while the therapeutic approach meets the legal rulings that work to preserve the necessities from the side of nothingness, and the Islamic approach achieves the fulfillment of the four health aspects: spiritual, psychological, social and biological.
 Conclusions: The necessity of paying attention to the provisions of the child’s mental health, study and application, by adding relevant educational material to Islamic education courses in schools, and setting up mandatory educational courses for those who are about to marry, aiming to raise awareness of the child’s mental health from a legal perspective.

The development of number line accuracy in elementary school children: A cross-country longitudinal study.

Number line accuracy (NL accuracy) shows improvement over the course of a school education. However, there are practically no cross-country longitudinal studies of NL accuracy over the whole course of elementary school. This study investigated the developmental trajectories of NL accuracy and its types across the elementary school years in two countries-Russia and Kyrgyzstan. The analyses were carried out on the data collected from the sample of 508 schoolchildren at Grades 1, 2, 3 and 4 (aged 6.4-11.9 years) from Russia and Kyrgyzstan, who were surveyed as part of the 'Cross-cultural Longitudinal Analysis of Student Success' project. The participants were administered the 'Number Line' computerized test task and a paper-and-pencil 'Standard Progressive Matrices' test at the end of each academic year. During the course of the elementary school education, NL accuracy increases nonlinearly in both samples from Grade 1 to Grade 4, with a pronounced increase in the rate of improvement from the first to the second year. Cross-country differences in NL accuracy were observed during each year of schooling as well as in the growth of NL accuracy. The development of NL accuracy is described by a model with two developmental types: (1) 'high start and growth' (93% of the pooled sample) and (2) 'low start and no growth' (7%). Both NL accuracy and the rate of its growth during elementary school depend on educational conditions. Cross-country differences in the distribution of schoolchildren by these two developmental types were statistically insignificant.

Avusturya’da Alevilik Din Eğitimi Dersleri ve “ALEVI: Lehrwerk Für Alevitischen Religionsunterricht” Ders Kitabı

Austria is one of the countries where students can take Alevism education classes as an elective course in schools and where Alevism is legally recognized and accepted as a faith. Acquisitions such as the rights obtained by the Alevi community and the ability to receive Alevism education in schools, the acceptance of Alevi holidays as an official holiday for those who have Alevi in their identity, the execution of funerals of Alevi individuals according to the Alevism tradition, the official recognition of the Alevi community by the Austrian State, etc. make Austria more prominent among other countries in terms of Alevism.Austria, which is one of the countries where the Muslim community gained the earliest rights in Europe, has broke the grounds in the process of recognizing Alevism as a faith, and has accepted Alevis as a religious community. It also recognized Alevism as a religious belief and secured the rights of Alevis with legal regulations in this regard. One of these rights and the most important one is undoubtedly Alevi religious education courses in schools. Alevism religious education courses are extremely important especially for Turkey. This situation brings up the demand of Alevis to give compulsory religion courses as an elective in our country or to teach Alevism as an elective course. The teaching of Alevism religious education courses in schools in Austria and the training of teachers who can teach these courses are carried out in accordance with Austrian laws and the protocols/agreements made by the Alevi community with relevant institutions. Although the selection and criteria of Alevism religious education classes in schools, the qualifications of the teachers who will teach the course, the teaching material/materials of the course have been determined and finalized with the directives, the Alevism religious education classes have not been fully on track due to the fact that the recognition process of Alevism in the country has taken place in the very recent

НЕКРАСОВСКИЙ ДИСКУРС СОВРЕМЕННОГО ИНТЕРНЕТ-ПРОСТРАНСТВА

In modern culture, a special place is occupied by the Internet space, which is a space for obtaining information, communication, constructing virtual reality and self-realization of the individual. The Internet space has a multifunctional nature and is part of the media culture, in the context of which ideas about the creative personality, artistic creativity, and cultural memory are updated. The process of representation of a creative personality in the Internet space is especially actively developing during anniversary events and dates that form an informational occasion. On the eve of the 200th anniversary of Russian poet N. A. Nekrasov, the author of the article turned to understanding the Nekrasov discourse of the modern Internet space. The aim of the research is to analyze the Nekrasov discourse in terms of its representation, specificity, and functions. In the course of the study, the author considered options and ways to represent the poet's work on the Internet: special projects dedicated to the life and work of N. A. Nekrasov were analyzed. There is a tendency to represent biographical information about N. A. Nekrasov on the Internet, which transforms or destroys the stereotypical ideas about the poet received in the course of school education. Special attention is paid to the media technologies of the mythologization of the personality and creativity of N. A. Nekrasov, which are associated with the creation of new myths about the poet as a cultural hero who acquires a trickster beginning, and the mythologization of the Nekrasov chronotope is indicated. The author draws attention to the specifics of the Nekrasov discourse, which is associated with the creation of hypertext in the Internet space. The article considers the principles of hypertextual construction of the Nekrasov discourse, notes its non-linearity, actualization of the creative activity of the addresser and addressee, and features of modeling the Nekrasov text in the Internet space. The author outlined the main functions of the Nekrasov discourse that have informational and symbolic meaning, and noted its positive and negative connotations.

Assessment of Health Education in Formal Education from the Second Constitutionalist Period to Republican Period (1908 – 1938)

This study analyses the assessment of health education course in formal education from the Second Constitutionalist Period to Early Republican Period in Turkey. The research was conducted qualitatively, with descriptive approach, complying with the stages of document review. In the findings part, analysis of health education courses both in the Second Constitutionalist Period, called Hıfzıssıhha (Protective Health) courses during that period, and in the Republican Period was presented. The findings part also covers the reasons for having health education courses in schools, the content of these courses and in which periods and for which grades these courses were taught. In conclusion, having had health education courses in formal education organizations during the mentioned periods indicates that the importance of such courses in terms of individual and public hygiene was clearly understood.

Postawy twórcze dzieci w młodszym wieku szkolnym – tendencje zmian

In the article, the authors put forward and develop a thesis on the regression of creative attitudes in the course of school education. The process of developing creative attitudes among children is analyzed in the perspective of the role and objectives of school education. The authors examine the level and dynamics of the development of creative attitudes in the course of school education (the first 3 years of early school teaching). Creative attitudes include: divergent thinking, creative motivation, and strategies of coping with difficult tasks (intrapersonal and interpersonal strategies). The research was conducted on a representative nationwide sample. The data gathered as a result of this research point to a low level of creative attitudes among early school children, and their negative development in the course of school education.

Evaluation of Attitudes and Knowledge on Cervical Cancer among Women from Rural and Urban Areas of Romania

Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the attitudes and knowledge of cervical cancer screening among women in rural and urban areas of Romania.Study design: We conducted a descriptive, transversal study on 639 women from Romania, between January and June 2015. For statistical data analysis, R for Data Analysis and Graphics version 3.2.1 was used.Results: The probability of the women getting screened for cervical cancer is 3.18 (95% CI 2.1 - 4.84) times higher for women living in the urban area than those living in the rural area, p<0.00. The probability of the women from the urban area knowing about this vaccine is 1.55 times (95% CI 1.02 - 2.36) higher in comparison to women living in the rural area, p<0.05. Women’s attitudes towards preventing cervical cancer by introducing sexual education courses in schools, the chance of them agreeing with this statement is 2.31 times (95% CI 1.04 - 4.91) higher for women living in the urban area, compared to those living in the rural area, p<0.05.Conclusions: Women from urban areas have more knowledge of prevention of cervical cancer as compared to women from rural areas. This study brings new evidence which can represent the basis for prevention campaigns, prevention programs and evidencebased public policies in order to reduce the burden of cervical cancer.

Concept Formation in Biology: The Concept ‘Growth’

Summaries English A concept is understood here as a logic core, which is surrounded by an associative framework, to which also the name of the concept belongs. The logic core is a pattern of properties of a class of things, which is invariant to individual objects of the class as well as to the observer. The pattern is determined by logic relations, which are constituents of the epistemic structure of the learner. In this article an analysis of the situation concerning the concept ‘growth’ is carried out. The logic core of the concept is theoretically investigated by means of systems theory and is empirically tested by means of free definitions. The associative framework, however, is determined by means of free association tests. It is shown that in the course of school education a marked shift takes place in the logic core as well as in the associative framework from a ‘growth in terms of geometric dimension’ towards a ‘growth in terms of particle numbers’.

Sex and Pediatricians

We read with enthusiasm the communication "Sex Education: Two Basic Questions" (Pediatrics 59:112, January 1977). We can attest to the universality of lack of information and misinformation regarding sexuality among the adolescents we see, most of whom have had basic health education courses in schools, since they are mandated in all districts in our community. We agree that pediatricians should become more actively involved in this area of health and preventive medicine than many have been.

Contraception and the College Freshman

Review of the literature on adolescent sexual behavior shows that premarital sex is increasing for women the age at 1st intercourse is decreasing and male and female incidence rates are converging. Unprotected intercourse continues to be common. A survey of sexual attitudes and behavior at a large mid-Atlantic state universtiy confirmed these findings. The survey revealed that males are sexually active at an earlier age and have sex with more partners than females. For both males and females parents played a minor role in the provision of sex and contraceptive information. Among the respondents the use of effective reliable contraception was limited to only slightly more than 1/3 of the sampling. Lack of adequate contraception was attributed to a desire for spontaneous sexuality and reflects the difficulty these young people have with accepting their own sexuality. Both males and females believed that contraception was the responsibility of the females reflecting a difference in learned sex roles. The literature in general and this survey in particular indicate the need for establishment of sex education courses in schools. The curriculum should be realistic and relevant to modern sexual lifestyles. The curriculum should stress the need for effective contraception as a health measure and as a psychologically more satisfying pattern of behavior. This education should be provided when adolescents are beginning sexual activity.

メルカトル図法が地理教育に与えている影響について

メルカトル図法が地理教育に与えている影響について