County Territory Research Articles

Analysis of barriers associated with emergency medical service activation in patients with acute stroke and acute myocardial infarction from Zhongjiang County of Sichuan Province in China

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to investigate the preferred modes of transportation to the hospital among patients with acute stroke and acute myocardial infarction (AMI), as well as to identify the factors that influence the utilization of ambulances.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study, including patients who were diagnosed with acute stroke and AMI, at the people’s hospital of Zhongjiang, from September 30th, 2022 to August 30th, 2023. All patients were divided into emergency medical service (EMS)-activation group and self-transportation group. Chi-square and t-tests were utilized to discern differences between groups at baseline. To screen relevant variables, we employed the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression analysis using R package glmnet. Subsequently, we performed a logistic regression analysis to identify predictors of EMS activation according the results of LASSO regression.Resultswe collected 929 valid questionnaires. 26.16% of the patients required the services of EMS. 90.9% of individuals have not received any formal first aid education. 42.1% of them reported that they had no understanding of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Diagnosed as AMI (OR 0.22, 95%CI 0.06 to 0.88) or acute cerebral infarction (OR 0.26, 0.10 to 0.68), the distance between the patient and the nearest 120 network hospital when the patient had these symptoms (OR 0.97, 0.94 to 0.99), the patient’s son or daughter was there when the patient was symptomatic (OR 0.58, 0.37 to 0.94), the patient (OR 0.19, 0.05 to 0.72) and the patient’s partner (wife or husband) (OR 0.36, 0.16 to 0.85) had decided that the patient needed further medical help, Among patients who did not seek immediate help after symptom onset, thinking that the symptoms will disappear spontaneously (OR 0.34, 0.13 to 0.92) or not wanting to disturb others (OR 0.06, 0.01 to 0.66) or believing that they are not important symptoms (OR 0.15, 0.05 to 0.42) were factors independently associated with less ambulance use. Age (OR 1.02, 1.00 to 1.04), Stroke patients have experienced symptoms of disturbance of consciousness or convulsions (OR 2.99, 1.72 to 5.2) were independent factors associated with increased ambulance use.ConclusionThere is still ambulance underutilization among patients with acute stroke and AMI in county territory of China. Moreover, it is needed to raise the level of first aid education and awareness about EMS. Additionally, private clinic doctors and the public should gain adequate understanding of the severity of acute stroke and AMI, as well as their common symptoms, the crucial importance of prompt medical intervention. Finally, we propose that all township hospitals should be integrated into the 120 emergency networks and equipped with emergency first aid capabilities, pre-hospital care, and transportation abilities.

Spatial Planning Decision Based on Geomorphic Natural Hazards Distribution Analysis in Cluj County, Romania

Spatial planning decisions form the basis of territorial progress by enhancing the resilience and opportunities for local and regional development. Therefore, decisions made as a result of multidisciplinary studies based on GIS assessment of all involved factors can provide a real and up-to-date image of the analyzed territory. In this context, geomorphic processes are among the factors restricting development, affecting built-up areas, transport infrastructure, and economic activities. This paper assesses geomorphic processes at the level of Cluj County, Romania, which mainly consist of active landslides that directly impact the accessibility of communities and their degree of safety, while accelerated soil erosion severely affects the output of land used for agriculture. GIS technology and a semi-quantitative model for determining the landslide hazard were used to classify landslides across occurrence probability classes. This methodology was implemented in Romania through Government Decision no. 447/2003. The USLE model was used to determine the soil erosion. As a result, the territory of Cluj County, which is the study area of this paper, was entirely included in one of the classes of risk concerning active geomorphic processes. Another important aspect consisted of categorizing transport infrastructure according to risk classes. A population risk assessment was also performed, taking into account the degree of accessibility of the territorial emergency department in the event that such hazards and processes occur. These results form the basis of proposals to efficiently plan the county territory, adapting decisions to the present trends in the evolution.

ZEMSTVO SYSTEM VETERINARY MEDICINE OF THE OSTROGOZHSK COUNTY OF THE VORONEZH

Until 1891 the entire territory of the Ostrogozhsk County was covered by a single veterinary district. Based on the Zemstvo Assembly Resolution, starting from that year the county was divided into two veterinary districts – Rossoshansk and Ostrogozhsk. The Rossoshansk district included 15 volosts (small rural districts): Lizinovsk, Olkhovatsk, Rossoshansk, Rovensk, Aidarsk, Podgorensk, Belogorsk, Shaposhnikovsk, Evstratovsk, Vsesvyatsk, Maryevsk, Karayashnikovsk, Semeysk, Novo- and Staro-Kalitvyansk. The Ostrogozhsk district included the town and 12 volosts: Goncharovsk, DalnePolubyansk, Evdakovsk, Karpenkovsk, Kolybelsk, Lisyansk, Lushnikovsk, Markovsk, Novo-Sotensk, Ribensdorfsk, Sagunovsk and Trostyansk. The third Rovensk veterinary district was opened in 1897 to include seven volosts: Aidarsk, Lizinovsk, Rovensk, Shaposhnikovsk, Vsesvyatsk, Maryevsk and Olkhovatsk. In December 1897 the Olkhovatsk veterinary paramedical station was eliminated due to the paramedic's resignation. In February 1901, a veterinary outpatient clinic was opened in the town of Ostrogozhsk. From March 10, 1903, the veterinary staff of the first district increased by one paramedic, who was appointed by the Province Zemstvo to an independent station in the Marky village. The fourth Sagunovsk veterinary district was opened in 1906 to include six volosts: Sagunovsk, Markovsk, Belogorsk, Karayashnikovsk, Goncharovsk and Kolybelsk. In October 1907, the Olkhovatsk volost, which was recorded as part of the Rovensk district was assigned to the Rossoshansk. On August 1, 1909, the fifth Podgorensk district was opened in the county. There were two inpatient clinics in the county – in Saguny and Rovenky. In November 1910 the sixth district was opened in Staraya Kalitva village. In 1913 the seventh Olkhovatsk veterinary district was opened and new distribution of volosts and villages took place within the county territory. As of the beginning of 1914 seven veterinary physicians and twelve paramedics worked in the county. The First World War which began in July 1914, stopped the progressive evolution of zemstvo system veterinary medicine in the county as most of the physicians and paramedics were mobilised into the army.

GIS-based risk assessment of agrometeorological disasters of summer maize in northern mountainous area of Sichuan Basin: A case study of Wangcang County, Sichuan Province, China

Meteorological disaster is one of the main factors restricting agriculture development in China. It is important to clarify the risk of summer maize agrometeorological disaster for disaster prevention and mitigation. Based on the natural disaster risk theory, we collected meteorological data and maize yield data from 1981 to 2018 in a typical area in the northern mountainous area of Sichuan Basin (Wangcang County). The main disaster-causing factors affecting summer maize production were determined. A comprehensive agro-meteorological disaster risk assessment model for summer maize was constructed in combination with the sensitivity of pregnant environment and vulnerability of disaster bearing to evaluate the agrometeorological disasters risk of summer maize production in the northern mountainous area of Sichuan Basin. The results showed that during the study period, high temperature in mature period, rainstorm in flowering period, rainstorm in mature period, continuous rain in filling period and drought in booting stage were the main agrometeorological disasters affecting the growth and development of summer maize. The agrometeorological disaster risk of maize generally distributed in a southwest-northeast pattern, with the distribution areas of high-risk and higher-risk areas accounting for half of the total area of Wangcang County. The high-risk areas were mainly located in the southwest of the county, which was basically consistent with the high-value areas of hazard-pregnant environment sensitivity. The low-risk areas were mostly concentrated in the western part of county territory, which were also low-risk areas of high temperature in mature period, rainstorm in mature period, and rainstorm in flowering period disasters.

Research on Greenway Route Selection of Traditional Villages Based on GIS: A Case Study of Xingtai County, China

Greenway is a green linear corridor connecting scenic spots, residential areas, nature reserves, road traffic, etc. Rational greenway route selection can not only attract tourists to increase the income of local villages, but also arouse people’s awareness of the protection of traditional villages. This paper took Xingtai County, Hebei Province, China as an example to practice greenway route selection in the county territory. Eight factors were selected for greenway route planning, namely elevation, water body, mountain, ecological protection redline, cultural relics protection units, population density, road traffic network, and important transportation hub. These eight factors were assigned in the GIS platform, and the suitability evaluation system of each factor was constructed. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and entropy weight method were combined to calculate the weight of these eight factors. The raster calculator was used to weight and overlay the suitability evaluation system of each factor, and the comprehensive suitability evaluation map of greenway route selection was obtained. Based on an important transport hub, along with the water body and the road traffic, the final selection greenway route of traditional villages in Xingtai county was formed. The results of the research can provide a certain reference for the greenway route selection at the county scale.

Spatial-temporal differentiation of carbon efficiency and coupling coordination degree of Chinese county territory and obstacles analysis

Carbon efficiency (CE) and coordination of productive-living-ecological (PLE) functions are two criteria often used to assess low-carbon and sustainable development status. Previous research lacked attention on county level in PLE perspective. The study established carbon efficiency evaluation index system from PLE dimensions used grey correlation analysis to calculate carbon efficiency index (CEI) and coupling coordination degree (CCD) of 4 typical counties: Changxing, Qingcheng, Jintang and Wu'an. The study proposed an obstacle classification to screen out not only obstacles led to CE decrease, but also potential ones caused sensitive changes of CE. The results showed that: 4 counties all stayed in bad condition of CE. CEI and CCD of Qingcheng was highest followed by Jintang, Wu'an, and Changxing was lowest. From 2012, CEI and CCD of Changxing began to decline with fluctuation. The other three had rising tendency with different gradients. PLE efficiencies were all unbalanced with characteristic that productive efficiency was low while high in living efficiency or ecological efficiency correspondingly. Indicators represented development level and construction situation, like urbanization rate, growth rate of GDP and road density also played role of obstacles in study counties. Water consumption, SO2 emission reduction and sewage processing had obvious effect on CE changes.

Ecological evaluation of forest wellness--taking Qinyuan County of Shanxi as an example

From the perspective of forest wellness, it is found that on county territory ecological evaluation is the important basis of sustainable development for tourism destinations according to the relevant research of ecotourism. An evaluation index system is constructed according to the standards for forest wellness industries. Combined with entropy method and ecological carrying capacity, weighted overlay analysis method is used to evaluate the ecological suitability of forest conservation in townships. Areas with consistent or conflicting suitability and ecological buffers are clarified by comparing the evaluation of the ecological suitability of the basic environment and forest resources. The existing county spatial layout is conducive to spatial integration of related industries, protection of forest resources and pollution control. This study provides a scientific basis for the sustainable development of the forest wellness industry.

The Effect of Bank Deregulation on Firms' Innovation-A Quasi-Natural Experiment from Shareholding Commercial Banks' Branches Established in County Territory

The Effect of Bank Deregulation on Firms' Innovation-A Quasi-Natural Experiment from Shareholding Commercial Banks' Branches Established in County Territory

Aspects of religious life in Teleorman County (Romania) from the sixteenth to nineteenth century

Religious life in Teleorman County has only begun to be documented since the sixteenth century, although we have so far few documents, but since the seventeenth century, the number of documented priests has increased considerably. Numerous medieval documents confirm that in the village community, the priest did not only act as a supporter of the Orthodox faith, to alleviate the sufferings of the people, but to own lands he had bought or inherited from his parents. In terms of their social status, priests were considered free people, but there were also situations where the priest’s dependence on the boyar was a real fact. Most of the priests were scholars, as evidenced by the numerous documents written by them. The book teaching was done, firstly in the village churches by its parishioners, but not lastly in the monasteries and hermitages erected on the county territory.

Research on the Impact of Industrial Agglomeration and Structural Upgrade on County Economic Growth under the New Normal Condition—Based on the Empirical Study of 101 Counties in Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces

In this paper, the method of generalized moments of data and systems for 101 counties in Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces is used to analyze the impact of industrial agglomeration and industrial structure upgrading on county economic growth. The real diagnosis result indicated that, the industry gathers with the industrial structure promotes has the forward function to the county territory economic growth rate, in the sample time that had not discovered the industry gathers to the economic growth existence non-linearity influence. On the other hand, the industrial structure promotes to the county territory economy long-term growth power is stronger, later period should break through the present stage in the manufacturing industry mature county territory through the industrial structure promotion strategy the industry to glide down.

Redistribution population data across a regular spatial grid according to buildings characteristics

Abstract Population data are generally provided by state census organisations at the predefined census enumeration units. However, these datasets very are often required at userdefined spatial units that differ from the census output levels. A number of population estimation techniques have been developed to address these problems. This article is one of those attempts aimed at improving county level population estimates by using spatial disaggregation models with support of buildings characteristic, derived from national topographic database, and average area of a flat. The experimental gridded population surface was created for Opatów county, sparsely populated rural region located in Central Poland. The method relies on geolocation of population counts in buildings, taking into account the building volume and structural building type and then aggregation the people total in 1 km quadrilateral grid. The overall quality of population distribution surface expressed by the mean of RMSE equals 9 persons, and the MAE equals 0.01. We also discovered that nearly 20% of total county area is unpopulated and 80% of people lived on 33% of the county territory.

农牧交错带县域农牧系统对气候波动的响应机制

农牧交错带县域农牧系统对气候波动的响应机制

Survey and analysis of circulation and cultivation of medicinal plants in Tangchang county

The article sort out the main planting information of Chinese medicinal materials in Tanchang county from 2012 to 2014, through doing a questionnaire survey, setting technical training and communicating with people who plant, process, and sell the Chinese medicinal materials in the main producing area in 25 villages and towns of Tanchang county. By analyzing the results, the author pointed out the current situation of Chinese medicinal material planting, processing, trading and also the existing problems, and gave a proposal and strategy to the industrial development of Chinese medicinal materials, therefore, set an example to the development of the county territory.

A Research on the Spatial Development Pattern of County Territory Small Town Agglomeration in Gully Region of the Loess Plateau - A Case Study of Lingtai City, Gansu Province

Lingtai City is a typical case, is located in the Gully Region of the Loess Plateau, the county small town agglomeration as the research object, through the study of Lingtai County small Town Group development constraints and dynamic mechanism, the analysis is to determine the Gully Region of the Loess Plateau county town group tree network structure of spatial development pattern.

Land use and occupation analysis of Permanent Preservation Areas in Lavras County, MG

The Permanent Preservation Areas (PPAs) are considered essential for the maintenance of local biodiversity, so that your protection is regulated by the Brazilian legislation. This work had the objective of delimiting permanent preservation areas according to determinations of the current Brazilian environmental legislation, and identify the occurrence of conflict between the land use and legislation in Lavras county, MG, by combination of technologies of remote sensing and geographic information systems. The PPAs correspond to 42.33% of Lavras county's territory. The conflict between the land use and environmental legislation occurs in 63.48% of PPAs' territory, mainly corresponding to the pasture areas, bare soil and agriculture. The PPAs of tops of hills showed the highest conflicts with the legislation, with 48.48% of the territory occupied by pastures, and 13.62% by agriculture. The PPAs located in the surrounding of water courses and in the slopes with declivity higher than 45º presented 59.99% and 92.03%, respectively of the territory occupied by native vegetation of semi-deciduous forest and natural fields.

Some succulent memories

I seem to have been first aware of plants when I was around eight, while in the Opportunity Room at the Gardner Street School just off Sunset Boulevard in what was then unincorporated county territory but which is now part of West Hollywood, California. The class, a product of the progressive education movement, was for non-average students, both low and high achievers. They never told me to which category I belonged, but as I was having difficulty relating to mathematics, I assume it was the former. There were some potted plants on the windowsill, plus an aquarium with a turtle, and the teacher, noticing my interest in them, placed them in my care. Thus I became curator of both a botanic garden and a zoo at an unusually early age. My father had a dog and cat hospital at Santa Monica Boulevard and Detroit Street, opposite the United Artists studio (later Samuel Goldwyn Studio and, later still, one of the Warner Brothers studios) and the still-famous Formosa Inn where studio personnel repaired for Chinese food and, more importantly, drinks. Among my father’s clients were a number of Hollywood stars (among them Bela Lugosi, who had just appeared in Dracula, and Wallace Berry, who was always late in paying his veterinary bills). My mother later told me that when I was six or so I had played with Mickey Rooney in the next block, on Formosa Street—he was two years older than me and was already in films under the name of Mickey McGuire. One day I accompanied my father to a beach town to visit an ailing dog (yes, vets often made house calls then, though it was in the middle of the Great Depression). The lady had some beautiful plants in her garden, but one of them utterly transfixed me, though not because of its beauty, which it lacked conspicuously. In a too-small pot, its swollen, streaked stems jutted out at awkward angles, and it lacked both leaves and flowers. Just why such a plant (which I later found out was the candle plant, Kleinia—or Senecio—articulata) should appeal to me has remained a mystery v