Operation Count Research Articles

An Interpretable Machine Learning Model Enhanced Integrated CPU-GPU DVFS Governor

Modern heterogeneous CPU-GPU-based mobile architectures, which execute intensive mobile gaming/graphics applications, use software governors to achieve high performance with energy-efficiency. However, existing governors typically utilize simple statistical or heuristic models, assuming linear relationships using a small unbalanced dataset of mobile games; and the limitations result in high prediction errors for dynamic and diverse gaming workloads on heterogeneous platforms. To overcome these limitations, we propose an interpretable machine learning (ML) model enhanced integrated CPU-GPU governor: (1) It builds tree-based piecewise linear models (i.e., model trees) offline considering both high accuracy (low error) and interpretable ML models based on mathematical formulas using a simulatability operation counts quantitative metric. And then (2) it deploys the selected models for online estimation into an integrated CPU-GPU Dynamic Voltage Frequency Scaling governor. Our experiments on a test set of 20 mobile games exhibiting diverse characteristics show that our governor achieved significant energy efficiency gains of over 10% (up to 38%) improvements on average in energy-per-frame with a surprising-but-modest 3% improvement in Frames-per-Second performance, compared to a typical state-of-the-art governor that employs simple linear regression models.

The Use of Number Tower Media to Improve Intelligence Count Operation Ability in Deaf Students

The purpose of this study was to determine the use of the Tower of Numbers media in improving the ability to count integer operations for deaf students. The research method used is classroom action research or abbreviated as CAR. The subjects in this study were 4 students with hearing impairments at the Special School, in Subang Indonesia. The results of using the Integer Tower media are very easy and helpful for students in solving math questions in addition and subtraction of integers with results below 15. It can be seen that the average result of the first cycle is 43.75, the second cycle is 56.67, and the third cycle is 66.67. There is an increase of 20.75% from cycle I to cycle III which indicates an increase in the ability to count integer operations through number tower media for deaf students. This is because using the Number Tower media makes it easier for students to complete arithmetic operations on integers. The number tower media is considered by teachers to be used in learning mathematics with integer arithmetic operations and can be used for normal students and students with special needs.

Performance of Various Deep-Learning Networks in the Seed Classification Problem

We report the results of an in-depth study of 15 variants of five different Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architectures for the classification of seeds of seven different grass species that possess symmetry properties. The performance metrics of the nets are investigated in relation to the computational load and the number of parameters. The results indicate that the relation between the accuracy performance and operation count or number of parameters is linear in the same family of nets but that there is no relation between the two when comparing different CNN architectures. Using default pre-trained weights of the CNNs was found to increase the classification accuracy by ≈3% compared with training from scratch. The best performing CNN was found to be DenseNet201 with a 99.42% test accuracy for the highest resolution image set.

Enhancing Security in Key Management Using Hybrid Cache Supported One Way Hash Chain Technique

Background: Collusion resistance is preserving the value generated at individual nodes secret so that if any nodes share the information together or collude with each other, the secret values cannot be revealed.It is really a challenging task to securely resist the collusion of cloud server and users Collusion resistance also involves growing the number of people. Objective: Users can achieve an effective and economical approach for data sharing among group members in the cloud with the characters of low maintenance and little management cost. Method: Hybrid Cache supported One way hash chain Technique. Result: To test with the sparse caching HHCS and one-way hash chain model and the various sparse caching configurations are fully implemented by this work. Multiple situations and various scenarios are considered in the experiments and tests for the estimation of HHCS’ performance. The results which are measured in terms of storage units needed for the completion of one internet session and in terms of efficiency (which is the number of hash operations done in one session) are compared and then contrasted. Conclusion: Security improvement is proposed in this paper in group key management method, in order to solve the issue of collusion attack between whole members of the group for a secure group communication. It is shown that using lightweight is easy for the implementation of sparse caching method which can greatly improve the cryptographic one-way hash chain method’s performance which is used widely, for securing the transmission of data in cloud by using two levels of security scheme. A memory-times computation complexity metric has been introduced to help choose the best size of cache depending on storage requirements of the cloud application. For demonstrating various connection behaviors, various cache spacing methods have been evaluated. This paper presented and evaluated the potential of hybrid solution in which one-way hash chains which are divided are provided with caching capacities in order to store the values of session key and retrieve them when needed for authenticating a user session. Lower computational overhead is achieved by us as measured by the count of hash operations and computation time needed to give protection.

PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA MATERI MENJELASKAN SIFAT OPERASI HITUNG PADA BILANGAN CACAH DENGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BERTUKAR PASANGAN

IMPROVING STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES THE MATERIAL EXPLAINS THE NATURE OF COUNTING OPERATIONS ON WHOLE NUMBERS WITH THE PAIR EXCHANGE LEARNING MODELThe research was conducted by observing in the classroom that the low quality of learning Mathematics can have an effect on student learning outcomes. Therefore, a teacher needs to consider an effective and fun learning model so that it can improve student learning outcomes. One of the learning approaches that was tried through this research was the application of the Pair Exchange learning model. The research was conducted in class IIIA of SDN Kampung Sawah, Bogor City and aimed (1) to find out through the Pair Exchange Learning Model that it can improve students' learning outcomes about Explaining the Nature of Counting Operations on Whole Numbers in Mathematics subjects (2) To describe the Pair Exchange Learning Model about Explaining the Properties of Counting Operations on Whole Numbers in Mathematics (3) To measure how much increase in student learning outcomes about Explaining the Properties of Counting Operations on Whole Numbers is applied after the Pair Exchange Learning Model is applied in Mathematics The results of this study indicate that by using the Pair Exchange learning model especially about Explaining the Properties of Counting Operations on Whole Numbers in class III A at SD Negeri Kampung Sawah, Bogor City, the average student learning outcomes increased to 71.43 in Cycle I and 96.43 in Cycle II. From the description above, the researcher concludes that the Pair Exchange learning model applied by the teacher can improve student learning outcomes, therefore the researcher suggests that the use of the Pair Exchange learning model be socialized and used as an alternative in learning Mathematics in schools in the Bogor City Education Office.

ANALISIS KESALAHAN MENYELESAIKAN SOAL MATEMATIKA DALAM MATERI MATRIKS PADA SISWA KELAS XI IPS SMA NEGERI 1 ENDE

This study aims to determine: (1) mistakes have been made by the XI IPS grade students of SMA Negeri 1 Ende in solving matrix questions. (2) the factors that cause the XI IPS grade students of SMA Negeri 1 Ende in solving the matrix problem. (3) the efforts to solve students' errors in solving matrix questions in class XI IPS SMA Negeri 1 Ende. This study used a qualitative research approach using triangulation of sources and triangulation of techniques. The research subjects were 15 students of class XI IPS 3. The consideration of subject taking is based on the results of the error analysis according to the Newmann procedure. Methods of data collection using diagnostic tests, interviews, and documentation. The results of the research are: (1) the types of student errors are errors in understanding the concept of matrix count operations, process errors in solving matrix problems, and errors in concluding. 2) the factors that cause student errors are, students, choose the wrong formula, are not careful in solving matrix calculation operation problems, students are afraid to ask the teacher, and students' assumptions that mathematics is complicated, causing errors in determining the final answer. 3) while the efforts made were learning using rainbow matrix media which proved to be effective in learning matrix count operations.

Ultrasound Assisted Neuraxial Blockade in Obstetric Anesthesia

Central Neuraxial Blocks (CNBs) relevant to the practice of obstetric anesthesia and analgesia are spinal, epidural and combined spinal-epidural injections. These techniques are routinely used for cesarean deliveries and labor pain relief. Traditionally, CNBs are performed using surface anatomical landmarks. In the first instance the highest point of each iliac crest is identifies. The imaginary line connecting these points allegedly passes through the L4 vertebral body in non-pregnant women, and L3 vertebral body in pregnant women [1]. Based on this, the operator palpates and counts the spinous processes and decides on the needle entry point. Although this technique is widely accepted as relatively reliable, the correlation is inconsistent even in non-complicated cases. Obesity, tissue edema, pelvic rotation, limited ability to bend forward, hyperlordosis, labor pain, underlying spinal deformity or previous back surgery and instrumentation pose additional difficulty for anesthesiologists to correctly locate the intervertebral levels.

Compliant Conditions for Polynomial Time Approximation of Operator Counts

In this brief abstract, we develop a computationally simpler version of the operator count heuristic for a particular class of domains. The contribution of this abstract is thus threefold, we (1) propose an efficient closed form approximation to the operator count heuristic; (2) leverage compressed sensing techniques to obtain an integer approximation in polynomial time; and (3) discuss the relationship of the proposed formulation to existing heuristics and investigate properties of domains where such approaches are useful.

PEMECAHAN MASALAH PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA BERORIENTASI KURIKULUM CAMBRIDGE DI ERA PANDEMI COVID-19

21st-century literacy is very important in education. Critical thinking skills are one indicator of literacy. Regarding thinking skills, it cannot be separated from solving mathematical problems. This study aimed to describe the problem solving of mathematics learning oriented to the Cambridge curriculum in the Covid 19 pandemic era. This research method is descriptive qualitative research. While the data collection technique uses interview techniques and questionnaires via a google form. This study found that students who understand Cambridge mathematics material obtained 79.4% based on interviews and questionnaires. Students who do not understand the concept of the material 21.2%. Students make completion steps. The percentage results show that 57.1% while the remaining 42.9% of students sometimes use completion steps. Students can complete the counting operation by 67%. While the remaining 33% still have difficulty calculating. The percentage of students who re-checked the process and results were 94.3%, while the rest often did not check the process and results

The soft graphic integer sub-decomposition method for elliptic scalar multiplication

A new version of the ISD method for computing a scalar multiplication on elliptic curve defined over prime field has been proposed. This version is called the soft graphic ISD (SG-ISD) method. The SG-ISD method employed the connected sub-graphs of undirected simple graph, which formed a soft graph (F, A) generated by a set valued function F, to represent the sub-scalars of ISD method. Thus, undirected simple graph can be proved as the SG-ISD version. On the SG-ISD method, the binary representations, which are all edges of the ISD sub-scalars that forms a nonempty set A, has been done directly from the connected sub-graphs. So, every ISD version of a scalar k is proven mathematically as the SG-ISD version of k in an elliptic scalar multiplication kP. New experimental results on the proposed SG-ISD method are presented. The computational complexities of the original ISD and proposed SG-ISD methods are determined mathematically on the basis of the counting operations. These operations are elliptic curve and finite field operations. The comparison results on these computational complexities of the ISD and SG-ISD methods have been discussed. The experiments on the computational complexities reveal that the SG-ISD method is faster than the ISD method. Thus, the SG-ISD method is considered as an efficient algorithm in comparison with the original ISD for cryptographic applications.

Utilization of Android-Based ToSM (Test of Second Mathematics) Instrument for Mapping Intuitive Basic Calculation Competencies (IBCC) in Students

This research aims to find out the usefulness of an android-based ToSM (test of second mathematics) instrument for mapping the competency of intuitive basic calculation (CIBC) in students. ToSM (Test of Second Mathematics) is the standard instrument of Mathematics Seconds to measure IBCC (Intuitive Basic Calculation Competencies). ToSM only covers arithmetic operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division), most essential. ToSM measures the number of operation counts per minute (OPM), time per operation category completion. The method used in writing review literature begins with the selection of topics. It then determines the keywords for the search for journals so that several journals are selected to be analyzed. Searches for the journal through google scholar are limited from 2015 to 2021.
 Meanwhile, the keyword used is "ToSM Seconds Mathematics." This research was conducted by reviewing journals or literature related to this study plus statistical data and scientific works related to ToSM, which the Center for The Development of Mathematics Seconds (CDMS) team updates. Mapping essential calculation competencies among students are no less critical because ToSM has other uses, namely as an instrument to train concentration and resilience in learning.

DEVELOPING GABILPANET-BASED NUMBER LINE LEARNING MEDIA TO ENHANCE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS’ UNDERSTANDING OF THE CONCEPT OF INTEGERS COUNTING OPERATION AT GRADE VI

The purpose of this research was to analyze the effectiveness of gabilpanet-based number line learning media to enhance elementary school students’ understanding of the concept of integer counting operations at grade IV in Kabupaten Jepara. This research was a development research using Borg & Gall model. The development steps included: 1) researching the existing products, 2) studying the literature, 3) planning the product development, 4) designing the product, 5) conducting limited trial, 6) conducting main field trial, 7) conducting operational field trial. The subjects of this study were sixth grade students at SDN 4 Tulakan, SDN 2 Bandungharjo, SDN 3 Bandungharjo, and SDN 4 Bandungharjo. Data were collected through observation, questionnaires, tests, and interviews. Then, the validation results were analyzed by accumulating the scores and the statistical test of the effectiveness was carried out with SPSS version 26. Data on the effectiveness of gabilpanet-based number line learning media were analyzed through normality and homogeneity tests at a significance level of 0.05. The finding revealed that gabilpanet-based number line learning media was effective and useful to be utilized in learning activities in order to enhance studetns’ understanding of the concept of integer counting operations. Based on the data obtained, the average score of students’ learning activities was 0.76 with a percentage of 76%. Moreover, the result of students’ learning outcome based on the average score of n-Gain was 0.69 with an average pre-test score of 43.00 and the average post test 82.50.

Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Operasi Hitung Perkalian Menggunakan Metode Permainan Kartu Bilangan Pada Siswa Kelas III SD Negeri Pabelan 2

<p><em>Class action research was motivated by the discovery of cases of third grade students at SD Negeri Pabelan 2, it was identified that in learning mathematics, multiplication arithmetic operations were still low. This fact is shown through the value of the Minimum Completeness Criteria (KKM) for Mathematics, which is 75, only 36% of students achieve the KKM score. The purpose of the research is to improve the achievement of mathematics learning outcomes with the number card game</em><em> method. This study used a classroom action research design consisting of two cycles. Data collection techniques in this study through written tests and observations. From the results of the study showed that the mastery of learning increased in the first cycle by 68% and in the second cycle by 72%. From these results it can be concluded that by applying the number card game method, multiplication and division counting operations material can improve mathematics learning outcomes and provide a fun learning atmosphere and can motivate students to be active in learning.</em></p>

A diagrammatic approach for automatically deriving analytical gradients of tensor hyper-contracted electronic structure methods.

We introduce a diagrammatic approach to facilitate the automatic derivation of analytical nuclear gradients for tensor hyper-contraction (THC) based electronic structure methods. The automatically derived gradients are guaranteed to have the same scaling in terms of both operation count and memory footprint as the underlying energy calculations, and the computation of a gradient is roughly three times as costly as the underlying energy. The new diagrammatic approach enables the first cubic scaling implementation of nuclear derivatives for THC tensors fitted in molecular orbital basis (MO-THC). Furthermore, application of this new approach to THC-MP2 analytical gradients leads to an implementation, which is at least four times faster than the previously reported, manually derived implementation. Finally, we apply the new approach to the 14 tensor contraction patterns appearing in the supporting subspace formulation of multireference perturbation theory, laying the foundation for developments of analytical nuclear gradients and nonadiabatic coupling vectors for multi-state CASPT2.

MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TEAM GAMES TOURNAMENT MATERI BILANGAN BULAT

This study aims to explain and describe the effectiveness of the Team Games Tournament (TGT) type cooperative learning model conducted in class VII SMPN 1 Sungai Raya. The method used in this research is descriptive-quantitative. The results obtained from this study are TGT type of cooperative learning is effective enough to be applied to the material integer count operations in SMPN 1 Sungai Raya this can be seen fromThe implementation of the teacher in managing cooperative learning type TGT is in the very good category with an average score of 3.73, the learning activities of students during learning using the type GI cooperative learning are in the active category with a percentage of 89.2%, the response of students to the application of cooperative learning type TGT is in the positive category and the learning outcomes of students have reached ketstrand classical because 81% of students have reached the KKM. Keyword: TGT, Effectiviness, SMPN 1 Sungai Raya

PROFIL KESALAHAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH KESEBANGUNAN DITINJAU DARI KEPERCAYAAN DIRI DAN KECEMASAN MATEMATIKA

The aims from this research are to describe the mistake of solving kesebangunan problems in terms of the self confidence and mathematics anxiety of junior high school students. This type of this research is qualitative descriptive. The main data of this research are test results, self-confidence questionnaires results, mathematics anxiety questionnaires results and interviews results. The subject of this research are the students who have low, medium and high self-confidence with low, medium and high mathematics anxiety. The student will be given a test to find out the mistakes. Interviews were conducted to students who made the most mistakes. The results of this research indicated that students who have low, medium or high self-confidence with low, medium or high math anxiety make a mistake of concept at the stage of formulating strategies to solve problems. The mistake of strategy that many students made were removing unit data in the arithmetic operation process at the stage of implementing the planned strategy. The other mistakes made were a mistake of strategy in the stage of carry out the planned strategy and a mistake of counting operations in the stage of re-examination occurred in each group .

ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN KOGNITIF MATEMATIKA MATERI OPERASI HITUNG PECAHAN MENGGUNAKAN VIDEO PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA SISTEM DARING DI KELAS V SEKOLAH DASAR

This study aims to determine the cognitive ability of mathematics in the fraction count operation material using the online mathematics learning video system in class V of Elementary School No. 34 / I Lotus. The test was conducted to determine the students' cognitive abilities. There were 14 students out of 28 students who collected the test results. Based on the data analysis, it was found that the cognitive abilities of students in the high category were 6 students, while in the low category were 8 students. The results of the students 'high cognitive mathematics abilities were 50% and the students' low cognitive abilities were 50%. The results of observations from this study concluded that the students' lack of activeness during online learning using video lessons. This can be seen from the number of students who collected test results as many as 14 students out of 28 students. It can be concluded that students' cognitive mathematical abilities during online learning have different abilities. This can be seen from the level of student ability from the results of the tests carried out. Keyword: Cognitive Ability, Mathematics, Count Fraction Operations

Contribution of Student Level of Understanding in The Concept of Calculated Operations And Their Relationship to Set Operations

The problem in this study is: whether there is a contribution to the level of understanding of the concept of calculated operations against the operation of the association in students of SMP Negeri 1 Balikpapan. This study aims to find out if there is a contribution to the level of understanding of the concept of calculated operations against the operation of the association in students of SMP Negeri 1 Balikpapan. The population of this study is all students of grade VII-A SMP Negeri 1 Balikpapan consisting of 34 students. And as a sample in this study is the whole student. The data analysis technique used is to use non-premetric statistics "sign test". The results of the data analysis showed that tcount < htable or 1 < 1, this means that there is a positive contribution between the mastery of the counting operations against the operation of the student association of SMP Negeri 1 balikpapan. From these results, it is expected that the teachers of mathematics lessons generally and the teachers who teach in grade VII in order to further improve the learning of hitung operations to students so that the learning of the association operations ismore understandable to students

Analisis Kesulitan Belajar Matematika Materi Perkalian Pada Siswa Kelas III Sekolah Dasar

The difficulty of learning multiplication counting operations is a difficulty that is still experienced by many students. It is interesting to do further research. This study aims to identify the difficulties in learning multiplication experienced by grade 3 students at SD Negeri Pandeanlamper 04 Semarang and identify the causal factors. The research method used is descriptive qualitative research method. The subjects of this study were teachers and third grade students of SD Negeri Pandeanlamper 04 Semarang. The results of the analysis show that (1) difficulties in learning multiplication counting operations include difficulties in calculation skills, difficulties in using the wrong process, difficulties in determining place values, difficulties in unreadable writing, and difficulties in understanding symbols, 2) factors that cause difficulties in learning multiplication include attitudes in learning, student interest in learning, student motivation in learning, student habits when studying, parental attention to student learning activities, teacher-student relationships, student and teacher discipline, media and tools available learning support, as well as school and classroom conditions. This shows that the difficulties in learning multiplication experienced by students are caused by internal factors and external factors.

Penerapan Metode Latis dalam Menghitung Operasi Perkalian di Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar

The operation of multiplication counting is one of the difficult calculation operations, especially when students were working on calculating the operation of more than two or more numbers. In completing this issue, there were constraints in which because students have not memorized multiplication of 1 to 10. A technical error on working on the multiplication operation with conventional methods (stacking) students use that has been learned while sitting in grade of III. It can be done by providing new methods that can facilitate students in working with the math problem. There are many alternative methods to overcome students' difficulties. One of them is a Lattice method, a multiplication method that uses a grid to multiply two multi-digit numbers, and can reduce the level of difficulty and error. The purpose of this study was to provide an overview the influence from the use the Lattice method for calculating multiplication operations to reduce students' difficulties in solving problems. The study used a qualitative non-interactive research approach. The method used in this researcher was a literature study that collects several previous journals and researches to answer the influence of the use of the Lattice method of calculating multiplication operations against reducing students' difficulties in resolving the problems. In this study there were 14 literature studied from several journals and previous research. The results of the study there was an influence of the Lattice method of improving the learning results of mathematics, and can reduce the hardship of students in solving the trouble.