Aphid Counts Research Articles

Aphid Control, 1989

Abstract This test was conducted in a 2-yr-old orchard with under-tree irrigation. The experimental design was a randomized complete block. There were 4 single-tree replicates/treatment. Treatments were applied to the point of drip with a handgun sprayer operated at 300 psi. Per-acre rates were based on a dilute application of 400 gal/acre. Dates of applications were 10-12 Jun with the exception of Safer Insecticide Concentrate, which was applied on 23 Jun and 18 Jul. Aphid densities were determined by counting aphids on the most infested leaf and on three tagged terminals/tree. Counts were taken at one-wk intervals.

Aphids on Potato Foliage in Sweden and their Importance as Vectors of Potato Virus Y0

The aphid population on potato plants was estimated by counting aphids on 100 randomly chosen leaves from upper, middle, and lower parts of the plant. This was usually done during a period of 14 da...

Control of Insects on Tomatoes, 1988

Abstract Tomato seedlings were transplanted on 30 May. Orthene 75 SP was applied as a transplant water treatment at the rates of 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 3.0 lb (AI)/acre, using 4.5 oz water/plant. Plots wete 23 by 7 ft, replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design. Each plot consisted of 2 rows of tomatoes with 23 plants in each row. Effectiveness of the treatments for DCW control was evaluated by counting the number of damaged plants in each plot 2-wk after transplanting. Toxicity and residual activity of Orthene against sixth- to seventh-instar DCW were tested by collecting random leaf samples from each plot beginning 1 d after transplanting and then weekly for 3 wk. Samples were taken to the laboratory and equal amounts of leaves were placed in 4-inch Petri dishes containing insecticide-free sand and 10 larvae. Mortality was assessed daily for 4 d by counting the number of dead larvae in each dish. CPB control was tested by collecting random leaf samples from each plot 7 d after transplanting. Samples were taken to the laboratory, and equal amounts of leaves were placed in 4-inch Petri dishes containing 10 adults of CPB collected from an untreated tomato field. Mortality was assessed daily for 5 days by counting the number of dead beetles in each dish. Abbott's formula was used to correct for the mortality occurring in the untreated check. For evaluation of PFB control, 20 leaves were collected at random from each plot 3 wk after transplanting, and the number of feeding holes on each leaf was counted. To assess for GPA control, 20 leaves were collected at random from each plot 3 and 6 wk after transplanting, and the number of living GPA on each leaf was counted under a magnifier in the laboratory. The mortality percentages of the cutworms were transformed to angular units. The logarithmic transformation was used for the aphid counts. The number of PFB feeding holes on the leaves and DCW-damaged plants in each plot was transformed to X + 0.5 before ANOVA. Harvests were taken from each plot and marketable yields (ton/acre) were recorded. All data were subjected to ANOVA. Mean values were converted to original units for presentation in the table.

Asparagus Aphid Feeding and Freezing Damage Asparagus Plants

Abstract Asparagus aphid [Brachycorynella asparagi (Mordvilko)] feeding without freezing reduced vigor of asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.), as measured by crown size, fern growth, root necrosis, and bud number, but did not greatly reduce short-term survival. Freezing dormant crowns for 24 hr at −4.5C killed some crowns and reduced vigor of survivors. Aphid feeding and freezing were synergistic; they reduced survival and vigor of survivors to a much greater extent than either aphid feeding or freezing alone. Aphid feeding resulted in early budbreak and precocious growth. A method for counting aphids per plant was developed.

Aphid Trial, 1988

Abstract RH7988 4 EC was applied in an apple block in Steeles Tavern, Va., including 4 cultivars (‘Delicious,’ Golden Delicious, ‘Stayman,’ and ‘York’). Three rates were applied: 102, 204, and 431 g (AI)/ha. These were compared with Supracide 2 E at a rate of 1,134 g (AI)/ha and an untreated control. A single application was made for each treatment on 6 Apr (half-inch green to open cluster). Sprays were applied using a truck-mounted Swanson airblast sprayer calibrated to 973 liters/ha. Each plot consisted of 0.08 ha. Aphid counts were made on 28 Jun, using 4 trees/treatment. The RAA population was sampled by counting colonies for 3 min on each tree. GA were sampled by counting the number of infested shoots/20 shoots on each tree. A tree was initially considered infested if any aphids were present.

Control of Aphids, 1988:

Abstract Foliar and systemic experiments were randomized complete block designs with 6 replicates each conducted at Presque Isle, Maine, on land that was in clover in 1987. The planting dates were 19 May for the systemic experiment and 20 May for the foliar experiment. In the foliar experiment the 3.0-m space between blocks and the 1.4-m space between columns and at the sides and ends of the experiments were sown to oats after planting. Each replicate consisted of 4 rows of potatoes, each row 0.9 m apart and 15.0 m long. The healthy Katahdin seed pieces (75 g each) were planted with a tractor-pulled, assisted-feed planter. Fertilizer and hilling practices were normal for the area. Late blight was controlled by 6 foliar applications ofDithane FZ (2338 ml/ha the weeks of 11 and 18 Jul, 2806 ml/ha the weeks of 25 Jul and 1, 8, and 15 Aug). Sidedress applications of insecticides were made by hand with a plastic tube applying previously weighed amounts of insecticide. Foliar insecticide applications were made with a Century boom sprayer, 3 nozzles per row at 6.3 kg/cm2 pressure and 0.94 kl/ha. The number of aphids (by species) was counted on top, middle, and bottom leaves of 25 plants in the middle rows of each plot. When dates of count and application were the same, aphid counts were made prior to applications of the insecticide. Analyses of variance were calculated following transformation of the data using log10(x + 1). Means of the total number of wingless aphids were compared using DMRT and then reconverted. The soil was classified as Caribou loam, pH 5.2. Total monthly rainfall for Jun, Jul, and Aug was 3.7, 8.3, and 13.7 cm, respectively. The average temperature for each of the same 3 months was 15.7, 20.4, and 18.9°C.

Control on Watermelon, 1988

Abstract The efficacy of several insecticides was investigated in 2 tests with small plots of watermelons grown on a sandy loam soil near Hinton, Okla. Plots in each test were 30 ft long by 6 ft wide, and each treatment was replicated 3 times. A single insecticide application was made on 1 Sep 1988 using a CO2-powered backpack sprayer. The sprayer delivered 28 gal/acre at 60 psi through 2 TX-10 hollow-cone nozzles. Rigo crop oil concentrate was added to the RH-7988 treatments at the rate of 1 qt/acre to improve leaf penetration. Efficacy was assessed by counting aphids (alate and apterous) on 15 leaves randomly selected from each plot. Counts were made on 5 Sep (4 DAT), 8 Sep (7 DAT), and 15 Sep (14 DAT). Henderson's formula was used to calculate percentage of control for each treatment.

Full-Season Insecticide Evaluations, 1988

Abstract Insecticide treatments were applied in a comparative test to mature ‘York’ trees on 6 Apr (only treatments scheduled for delayed dormant application), 14 Apr (P, pink), 11 May (PF, petal fall), 1 June (1C, first cover), 17 June (2C, second cover), 8 Jul (3C, third cover), 28 Jul (4C, fourth cover), and 31 Aug (5C, fifth cover). Treatments were applied with a Bean 35 gal/min hydraulic sprayer operating at 300 psi. Single-tree treatments were replicated 4 times in a randomized block design. Trees were sprayed to run-off. AA populations were evaluated on 21 Jun by randomly selecting 10 growing terminals/replicate, rating aphid populations on a scale of 1-5, and counting aphids on the fourth distal leaf. ERM populations were evaluated on 13 Jul and 15 Aug by randomly selecting 25 leaves/replicate, brushing them with a modified Henderson-McBurnie brushing machiin . and cropting motile mites and viable eggs with a binocular microscope. WALH damage was evaluated by rating foliage on each tree on a scale of 1 (low) to 5 (high). Insect feeding on fruit was evaluated by harvesting 100 apples/replicate on 3 Oct and visually inspecting each apple.

Control of Early-Season Insects on Tomatoes, 1987

Abstract Tomato seedlings were transplanted on 28 May. Orthene 75 SP was applied as a transplant-water treatment at the rates of 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 3.0 lb (AI)/acre, using 4.5 oz water/plant. Plots were 23 by 7 ft, replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design. Each plot consisted of 2 rows of tomatoes with 23 plants in each row. Effectiveness of the treatments for DCW control was evaluated by counting the number of damaged plants in each plot 2-wk after transplanting. Toxicity and residual activity of Orthene against sixth- to seventh-instar DCW were tested by collecting random leaf samples from each plot beginning 1 d after transplanting and then weekly for 3 wk. Samples were taken to the laboratory and equal amounts of leaves were placed in 4-inch Petri dishes containing insecticide-free sand and 10 larvae. Mortality was assessed daily for 4 d by counting the number of dead larvae in each dish. Abbott's formula was used to correct for the mortality occurring in the untreated control. For evaluation of PFB control, 20 leaves were collected at random from each plot 3 wk after transplanting, and the number of feeding holes on each leaf was counted. To assess for GPA control, 20 leaves were collected at random from each plot 3 and 6 wk after transplanting, and the number of living GPA on each leaf was counted under a magnifier in the laboratory. The mortality percentages of the cutworms were transformed to angular units. The logarithmic transformation was used for the aphid counts. The number of PFB feeding holes on the leaves and DCW-damaged plants in each plot was transformed to x + 0.5 before ANOVA. Mean values were converted to original units for presentation in the table.

Honeysuckle Aphid Control with Systemic Insecticides, Fort Collins, 1987

Abstract Plots were located at the Colorado State University Bay Farm in Fort Collins in an established planting of honeysuckle bushes, 2-3 ft high. Individual plots consisted of single shrubs, and plot design involved a randomized complete block with 5 replications. Prior to treatment, 3 aphid-infested terminals on each shrub were marked and all aphids were counted. Subsequent aphid counts involved the same terminals. Insecticide applications were made 18 May to infested shrubs that already showed leaf-curling injury. Orthene 75 S was sprayed to run-off Dimethoate 400 and Metasystox-R 2 were applied as soil injections using a Kioritz soil injector applying 1.25 fl oz/injection hole. Injections were made at a rate of 1 hole per half-inch of diameter at soil level, a total of 3-4 insertions/shrub, depending on size. Dimethoate 400 was applied as a 1:3 dilution with water; Metasystox-R 2 was applied as a 1:1 dilution.

A Rotary Leaf Washer for Sampling Myzus persicae (Homoptera: Aphididae) on Spinach

An alternate sampling technique was developed for sampling aphids in savoyed (i.e., crinkled leaf) spinach grown for processing in south-central United States. The technique used water jets in a rotary leaf washer to dislodge aphids from spinach leaves. Aphids were collected on 850-µm or 250-µm sieves and transferred to paper toweling for counting. Counts of green peach aphids, Myzus persicae (Sulzer), sampled with the rotary leaf wash technique averaged 84.5% of whole-plant visual searches and were significantly correlated with visual counts. Furthermore, the rotary leaf wash procedure reduced sampling time by an estimated factor of ca. 12 and permitted washed aphids to be frozen for subsequent counting.

Insecticides for the Control of Green Peach Aphid on Flue-Cured Tobacco, 1987

Abstract Experiments were conducted at the Southern Piedmont Agricultural Experiment Station, Blackstone, Va. Plots consisted of single 40-ft rows of tobacco on 4-ft centers separated by untreated border rows. Plots were arranged in a randomized complete block design replicated 4 times. Flue-cured tobacco was transplated on 12 May. Insecticides were applied on 1 Jul with a C02-pressurized backpack sprayer that delivered 24 gal through 3 TX-10 tips at 60 psi. Triton AG-98 was applied at 8 oz/100 gal to all insecticide spray mixtures except Ivory Liquid, Safer Soap, and one Orthene treatment. Aphids were counted between the 4th and 6th veins on the underside of 4 upper leaves of 10 plants/plot. Tobacco was harvested as it ripened. It was then cured, weighed, and graded for determination of its returns. There was 1.95 inches of precipitation during the 1st 3 days after transplanting. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance and significant means were separated using DMRT. Aphid counts were transformed to Log10 (X + 1) before analysis of variance, but data are presented in the table as untransformed means.

Irish Potato, Control of Potato Infesting Aphids, 1987

Abstract The experiments with fohar and systemic insecticides were randomized complete block designs with 6 replicates each and were conducted at Presque Isle, Maine, on land that was in clover in 1986. The potato planting dates were 20 May for the systemic insecticide experiment and 18 May for the foliar insecticide experiment. In each experiment the 3.0-m space between blocks and the 1.4-m space between columns and at the sides and ends of the experiments was sown to oats after planting. Each plot consisted of 4 rows of potatoes, each row 0.9 m apart and 15.0 m long. The healthy Katahdin seed pieces (75 g each) were planted with a tractor-pulled, assisted-feed planter. Fertilizer and hilling practices were normal for the area. Late blight was controlled by 7 foliar applications of Dithane F-45 (2338 ml/ha the weeks of 6 and 13 Jul; 2806 ml/ha the weeks of 20 and 27 Jul and 3, 10, and 17 Aug). Side-dress applications of insecticides were made by hand with a plastic tube applying previously weighed amounts of insecticide. Measured amounts of insecticide were applied on each seedpiece for the seedpiece treatments. Foliar insecticide applications were made with a Century boom sprayer, 3 nozzles/row at 7.0 kg/cm2 pressure and 0.95 kl/ha. Numbers of aphids (by species) were counted on top, middle, and bottom leaves of 25 plants in the middle rows of each plot. When dates of count and application were the same, aphid counts were made prior to applications of the insecticide. Analyses of variance were calculated following transformation of the data using logI0(i + 1). Means of the total number of wingless aphids were compared using DMRT and then reconverted. The soil was classified as Caribou loam, pH 5.2. Total monthly rainfall for June, July, and August was 8.8, 7.6, and 4.4 cm, respectively. The average temperature for each of the same 3 months was 16.5, 19.0 and 19.1°C.

Apple, Insect and Mite Control, 1987

Abstract Test materials were applied to 31-yr-old apple trees at Monmouth, Maine, as dilute sprays using a handgun and a hydraulic sprayer operating at 250 psi at 350 gal/acre. Trees were sprayed on 9 May (prepink), 29 May (petal fall), 8 Jun (first cover), 19 Jun (second cover), 7 Jul (third cover), 21 Jul (fourth cover), 4 Aug (fifth cover), and 18 Aug (sixth cover), as noted in the table. The fungicide program consisted of Difolatan 80 Sprill (8 lb/100) on 16 Apr (quarter-inch green) and Polyram 80W (2 lb) which was mixed with each insecticide treatment at each spray date. There were 4 single-tree replications for each treatment. A randomized complete block design was used with 2 'McIntosh' and 2 'Cortland' cultivars. Except for the test trees, the orchard was not sprayed with insecticides or acaricides. On 27 Aug, about 515 apples were picked from the 4 trees of each treatment and examined on 12 Sep for external egg punctures (AM), egg-laying scars (PC), and typical feeding injuries (CM, LAW, and EAS). ERM and 2SSM were counted on dates shown in table on 25 leaves collected at chest height around the periphery of each tree. Leaves were brought into the laboratory and brushed onto glass plates coated with a Tween 20 and alcohol mixture; mites were counted the same day. Aphid counts are based on 10 randomly selected vegetative terminals around each tree. The number of live aphids on the distal 4 unfurled and 1 furled leaves and on the stem included by these leaves were recorded on 26 Jun. June, July, and August were generally warmer than normal; the latter 2 months were relatively dry.

Control of Tobacco Insect Pests on Flue-Cured Tobacco with Insecticides Applied in the Transplant Water 1987

Abstract Flue-cured tobacco was transplanted in test plots on 18 May. Transplant water applications of RH-7988 alone and in combination with Orthene were compared to Orthene applied in the transplant water and Temik 15G applied in a band for the control of insect pests feeding on tobacco foliage. Two row plots, 8 × 40 ft, were established in a randomized complete block design replicated 4 times. Temik 15G was applied in a 12-inch band using a Gandy applicator mounted on a pushcart and incorporated with a rotary tiller on 15 May. The transplant water treatments were applied on 18 May as the plants were being set with a hand transplanter that delivered 200 gal/acre. Rainfall totals were 0.34, 1.10, 1.95, and 1.15 inches for May, June, July, and August, respectively. The test plots were also irrigated on 24 June (1.3 inches), 15 Jul (1.3 inches), 23 Jul (1.5 inches), 28 Jul, (1.5 inches) and 7 Aug (1 inch). Tobacco flea beetles were counted on 10 plants/plot at various times after transplanting. Flea beetle feeding holes were counted on the most damaged leaf of 10 plants/ plot on the first 2 observation dates and on 1 upper leaf of 10 plants/plot on the next 2 dates. Green peach aphids were counted on the right underside between the 4th and 6th lateral vein of 4 upper leaves on 10 plants/plot. Tomato and tobacco hornworms were counted together on all 24 plants of 1 row/plot. Tobacco leaves were harvested, cured, weighed, and graded for determination of returns in $/acre. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance and! significant means were separated using DMRT. Aphid counts were transformed to log10(X + 1) before analysis of variance, but data are presented in the tables as untransformed means.

Irish Potato, Control of Potato Infesting Aphids, 1986

Abstract The foliar and systemic experiments were randomized complete block designs with 6 replicates each and were conducted at Presque Isle, Maine, on land that was in clover in 1985. The planting dates were 3 Jun for the systemic experiment and 27 May for the foliar experiment. In each experiment the 3.0-m space between blocks and the 1.4-m space between columns and at the sides and ends of the experiments were sown to oats after planting. Each plot consisted of 4 rows of potatoes, each row 0.9 m apart and 15.0 m long. The healthy Katahdin seed pieces (75 g each) were planted with a tractor-pulled, assisted-feed planter. Fertilizer and hilling practices were normal for the area. Late blight was controlled by 7 foliar applications of Dithane M-45 (1681 g/ha on 14, 21, and 28 Jul; 2242 g/ha on 4, 11, 18, and 25 Aug). Side-dress applications of insecticides were made by hand with a plastic tube applying previously weighed amounts of insecticide. Measured amounts of insecticide were applied on each seed-piece for the seed-piece treatments. Foliar insecticide applications were made with a Century boom sprayer, 3 nozzles/row at 7.0 kg/cm2 pressure and 1.2 kl/ha. Numbers of aphids (by species) were counted on top, middle, and bottom leaves of 25 plants in the middle rows of each plot. When dates of count and application were the same, aphid counts were made prior to applications of the insecticide. Analyses of variance were calculated following transformation of the data using log10(i + 1). Means of the total number of wingless aphids were compared using DMRT and then reconverted. The soil was classified as Caribou loam, pH 5.2. Total monthly rainfall for June, July, and August was 5.5, 10.5, and 12.6 cm, respectively. The average temperature for each of the same months was 14.5, 17.8, and 17.2°C.

Systemic Insecticides for the Control of Insect Pests on Dark-Fired Tobacco, 1987

Abstract Experimental 3-row plots, 40 ft long on 4-ft centers, were established on a Wedowee sandy loam soil at the Southern Piedmont Agricultural Experiment Station, Blackstone, Va. Dark-fired tobacco was transplanted into the beds on 18 May. Preplant broadcast treatments were applied and incorporated by double disking and bedded up on 15 May. The ambient temperature during the application period was 66-76°F and the soil temperature was 67-80°F. Granular formulations were applied with a Gandy applicator mounted on a push cart. Liquid formulations were applied with a C02-powered backpack sprayer that delivered 26 gal/acre through 8002LP tips at 25 psi. Temik 15G was applied in 12-inch bands over the top of the bed with a Gandy applicator using a single bander/row after bedding and incorporated by tilling. Rainfall totals were 0.34, 1.20, and 1.95 inches for May, June, and July, respectively. The test was irrigated with 1.3, 1.0, and 1.5 inches on 1, 21, and 31 Jul, respectively. Insect counts were made at 1- to 2-wk intervals from early June to early August. Ten plants/plot were examined for tobacco flea beetles, flea bettle feeding holes on the most damaged leaf, and green peach aphids between the 4th and 6th lateral veins on the right side of 4 upper leaves. Aphid counts were transformed to log10 (X + 1) before analysis, but actual untransformed means were presented in the table. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and significant means were separated by Waller-Duncan K-ratio i-test (P = 0.05, K = 100).

Soil Insecticides for Control of Insects Feeding on Flue-Cured Tohacco Foliage, 1987

Abstract The effectiveness of various soil insecticides was evaluated for the control of insects feeding on tobacco foliage at Southern Piedmont Agricultural Experiment Station, Blackstone, Va. Eleven treatments and an untreated check were arranged in a randomized complete block design replicated 4 times. Flue-cured tobacco was transplanted 1 in plots of 40 × 12 ft (3 rows) on 19 May. The soil was a Chesterfield-Mayodan-Bourne sandy loam (pH 5.8, 3% organic matter). Pretransplant soil treatments were applied, incorporated by double disking, and bedded up on 7 May (ambient temperature, 90-95°F; soil temperature 82-88°F). Granular formulations were broadcast with a Gandy granular applicator mounted on a push cart. The liquid formulations were applied with a COa-pressurized backpack sprayer that delivered 26 gal/acre through Spraying Systems 8002LP tips at 25 psi. Temik treatments were applied over the bedded row in a 12-inch band with a Gandy applicator and incorporated with a rotary tiller on 15 May. The season was dry (0.34, 1.10, 1.95, and 1.72 inches for May, June, July, and August, respectively), but the crop was irrigated 5 times (1.3 inches, 24 Jun and 15 Jul; 1.5 inches, 23 and 28 Jul; and 1 inch, 7 Aug) to maintain proper growth. Moderate populations of the tobacco cyst nematode, Globodera tabacum solanacearum were present in all test plots. Every 1-2 wk from transplanting to the completion of harvest, the most abundant insect pests were sampled in the center row of each plot. Counts included tobacco flea beetles on 10 plants/plot; flea beetle feeding holes on the most damaged leaf of 10 plants/plot on the first 2 observation dates and on the top leaf at least 6 inches long on the 3rd and 4th dates; green peach aphids between the 4th and 6th lateral veins on the right side of 4 upper leaves at least 6 inches long on 10 plants/plot; and tobacco and tomato hornworms together on all plants on the center row of each plot. Tobacco was harvested from each plot, cured, weighed, and graded to determine return in $/acre. Aphid counts were transformed to log10(X + 1) before analysis, but actual means are shown. Data were analyzed by ANOVA, and significant means were separated by DMRT.

Control of Insect Pests on Fall Broccoli, 1987

Abstract Seven insecticides were evaluated at the Plateau Experiment Station, Crossville. ‘Packman’ broccoli seedlings were transplanted into a Lily sandy loam field on 14 Aug. Plots were 3 rows × 15 ft replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design. Blocks were separated by 5-ft alleys and row spacing was 36 inches with 15 plants/row. Insecticide treatments were applied on 26 Aug, 9 Sep, and 8 Oct using 2.5-gal compressed C02 hand sprayers at 30 gal/acre and 40 psi. Flea beetle, aphid, and cabbage looper counts were based on number of insects/15 plants. Yield was measured from the center row of each plot (equal plant population) on 3 Nov. Plots treated with both rates of San 415 were also sprayed with Sevin 80S (1.5 lb [AI]/acre) for flea beetle control on 9 Sep.

Evaluation of the Yield Enhancement Potential of Fundal, 1984

Abstract Fundal was evaluated in 2 different spray strategies, 4 applications vs. 6 applications, for effects on early season insect pest densities and subsequent cotton yields. The test field was located near Corpus Christi, TX. Test plots were 5.5 to 6 acres, ca. 32 rows wide and 2,450 ft long, planted 10 Mar in rows spaced 38 inches apart. Treatments were replicated 3 times in a completely randomized block design: (1) 6 weekly applications of Fundal in a 20 inch band at 0.125 lb (AI)/acre beginning at the first true leaf stage, (2) 4 weekly applications banded at 0.125 lb (AI)/acre beginning at the pinhead square stage (6th true leaf), and (3) an untreated check. Treatment (1) was initiated on 6 Apr and (2) on 27 Apr. All applications were made with a Hahn high-clearance spray machine calibrated to deliver 5.0 gal total spray/acre through 6-X hollow cone nozzles at 40 psi. All plots were oversprayed with Bidrin on 18 Apr and Vydate on 4 May to control fleahoppers and boll weevils. Data collected were counts of aphids, thrips, fleahoppers, boll weevils, and bollworms, and insect damage per 50 terminals or squares. These data were measured weekly, 3 days after each spray, until 5 weeks after first bloom. Stratified hand harvests of 41/1000 acre samples per plot were collected 17 and 24 Jul. Machine stripped harvests of ca. 0.35 acre/plot were taken 26 Jul.