Count Values Research Articles

Association of TREX1 polymorphism with disease progression in human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) infected patients.

The time interval between HIV-1 infection and AIDS development is not the same in all patients and depends largely on the genetic background of the individual. Polymorphisms in the TREX1 gene, the main enzyme in the clearance of cytosolic DNA, affect type 1 interferon-mediated inflammatory response in HIV-1 infection. We aimed to study the role of a single nucleotide polymorphism (rs3135941) of the TREX1 gene and the rate of disease progression in patients infected with HIV-1. A total of 190 HIV-1 infected patients were recruited. Patients' demographic and laboratory data including CD4 counts, viral load, and antiretroviral therapy (ART) were collected. The genotype of rs3135941 was determined by a PCR-SSP method. The rate of progression to AIDS was calculated with Kaplan-Meier survival analysis using Stata software. The patients were divided into rapid and slow progressors based on time interval of CD4 drop below 350/µl. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed an accelerated disease progression in patients with TC and CC genotypes (HR = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.01-2.17). The mean values of the first 5-year CD4 counts were significantly different in patients who had CC and TC genotypes compared to the TT group (p = 0.036). The result of this study emphasizes the importance of TREX1 polymorphism in HIV-1 progression. These data warrant further investigation into the role of other polymorphisms of TREX1.

Evaluation of the physicochemical and microbial properties of lamb meat coated with Shirazi balangu seed mucilage-based edible coating containing cell-free supernatant of Levilactobacillus brevis G145

This study was aimed to design a novel edible coating based on Shirazi balangu seed mucilage (SBM) containing cell-free supernatant (CFS) of Levilactobacillus brevis G145 to improve the quality and shelf-life of lamb meat slices during cold storage. The CFS (1 and 2 %) was added to the SBM, and the obtained edible coating was used to coat the meat slices. The samples were stored at 4 °C for 1, 4, 7, and 10 days. In comparison to the control sample, the meat slices coated with SBM+2 %CFS had manifestly lower total viable count (6.62 vs. 13.10 log CFU/g), psychrotrophic count (3.47 vs. 8.80 log CFU/g), Escherichia coli count (0.80 vs. 1.54 log CFU/g), Staphylococcus aureus count (0.81 vs. 1.57 log CFU/g), fungi count (0.68 vs. 2.38 log CFU/g), pH (5.70 vs. 6.51), and peroxide value (4.89 vs. 10.80 meq O2/kg), and higher moisture content (70 vs. 60 %), hardness (67.80 vs. 57.60 N), and sensory properties by the end of storage period. The results of this study revealed that the SBM+CFS- based edible coating increased the shelf-life of lamb meat efficiently.

Prognostic Value of Admission Neutrophil Count in Asthma Patients with COVID-19: A Comparative Analysis with other Systemic Inflammation Indices for In-Hospital Mortality Prediction.

Despite studies indicating that asthma patients do not exhibit a higher mortality rate or severity compared to the general population when infected with COVID-19, there have been few reports on predictive factors for mortality in this context. This study aimed to assess the predictive value of systemic inflammation indices including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte (MLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte (PLR), systemic inflammation response index (SIR-I), and systemic inflammation index (SII) in determining mortality rate among patients with COVID-19 and asthma. In this prospective study, the laboratory parameters of 1792 COVID-19 patients were examined, with a subgroup consisting of 112 patients with asthma and 1680 patients without asthma. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was employed to assess the potential of inflammatory indices in indicating COVID-19 severity, while Kaplan-Meier curves were utilized to analyze the survival probability with death as the outcome. In deceased non-asthma patients, the levels of leukocyte and differential cell counts, and the values of PLR, NLR, MLR, SII, and SIR-I were higher than in survivors. In contrast, all the above values except PLR and MLR were significant in the asthma groups. The Kaplan-Meier survival curves were consistent with the ROC analysis. However, a multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that neutrophil counts in non-asthma subjects and leukocyte and neutrophil counts in asthma patients remained significant for survival. In conclusion, while numerous inflammatory indices were associated with mortality in COVID-19 patients without asthma, neutrophil counts could independently predict mortality risk in asthma COVID-19 patients.

Immuno-endocrine alterations and oxidative stress induced by commercial formulations of pesticides in the tegu lizard (Salvator merianae)

Recent research has shown the risk of environmental contamination by pesticides in Argentina. Salvator merianae is considered as “sentinel species” for monitoring their effects. We intended to investigate growth, immunological and endocrine functions, and oxidative stress in S. merianae exposed to two commercial brands of the herbicide glyphosate: Roundup and Panzer Gold, as well as, to two insecticides: chlorpyrifos, and cypermethrin. Our results showed a higher increase in growth in animals exposed to Roundup and chlorpyrifos and a lower increase in those exposed to Panzer Gold. Higher total leukocyte and lymphocyte count values were observed in lizards exposed to Panzer Gold. The heterophils/lymphocytes ratio decreased in all treated animals. Regarding lobularity index, natural antibodies titers, and complement system activity values, lizards exposed to cypermethrin had higher values. Low corticosterone levels were observed in animals exposed to Roundup. Our results reveal different toxic effects of pesticides contributing to the knowledge of the pesticides’ potential deleterious impact in the habitat of S. merianae.

Hematology and Blood Chemistry Reference Intervals for Antillean Manatees (Trichechus manatus manatus) in Colombia

Hematology and blood chemistry tests constitute an easy-to-apply veterinary tool that evaluates an organism’s systemic functioning and disease process by comparing the level of specific analytes against species norms. Such analyses help monitor marine mammals’ health and nutritional status. Although reference values have been published for a few manatee populations, there are none for Antillean manatees (Trichechus manatus manatus) in Colombia. We aim to establish the reference values for hematology and serum chemistries for these manatees and determine if there are variations between individuals of different age groups and sex. Thus, we obtained whole blood and serum samples from 45 rehabilitated manatees from Colombia between 1992 and 2021. Complete Blood Count and Comprehensive Metabolic Panel values were calculated, and differences between age groups and sex were determined. Results were compared with published reference intervals of other Antillean manatee populations, Florida manatees (Trichechus manatus latirostris), and Amazonian manatees (Trichechus inunguis) from Brazil. We determined the reference intervals of hematology and serum chemistry for manatees in Colombia for different age and sex categories. No relevant clinical variations were found in hematological parameters due to sex. Marked differences were found between age groups, mainly among young animals with an expected faster metabolism. There were significant variations between hematological and blood chemistry values when the Colombian manatees were compared to manatees from Puerto Rico and Amazonian manatees from Brazil. Such variations are likely influenced by evolutionary history and environmental factors associated with differences in habitat salinity and diet. We recommend that future studies correlate these blood tests with specific panels. We further recommend conducting wild manatee health assessments as this information will yield essential data for species management schemes needed due to the multiple anthropogenic and environmental threats that manatees face today which put the Colombian manatee’s health and ultimate survival at risk.

Hubungan Tingkat Religiusitas dengan Kemampuan Coping Stress Siswa di SMAN 2 Payakumbuh

This research aims to determine whether there is a relationship between the level of religiosity and a person's ability to cope with stress and to determine the magnitude of the relationship between the level of religiosity and the ability to cope with stress. This type of research is quantitative correlational research, because it aims to determine whether there is a relationship or influence between two variables. The population in this study was classes X and The samples were taken using a purposive sampling technique because there were several considerations. Data collection used a questionnaire instrument with a Likert scale. The results of the research show that based on the r_count value (Pearson Correlations), it is known that the r_count value for the relationship between the level of Religiosity (X) and the ability to Coping with Stress (Y) is r_xy of 0.479 and r_table df n-2 (60-2) 58, namely 0.254, so it can be concluded that There is a relationship between the level of religiosity and the ability to cope with stress. Because r_count or Pearson Correlations in this analysis is positive, it means the relationship between the two variables is positive. The calculation results of the coefficient of determination are 22.9%, so it can be said that the magnitude of the relationship is 22.9%, the variance in the level of religiosity is associated with the variance in students' stress coping abilities at SMAN 2 Payakumbuh.

PENGARUH MOTIVASI DAN DISIPLIN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA APARATUR SIPIL NEGARA PADA KANTOR CAMAT BATAM KOTA

This study aims to determine the effect of Motivation and Work Discipline on the Performance of employees in the Batam City District Office. The research method used is explanatory and quantitative in nature. The sampling technique used was saturated sampling technique, namely the sample in this study consisted of 40 employees who served in the Batam City District Office. The instrument used in the study was a questionnaire by distributing questionnaires to respondents. Data were processed using SPSS software version 29 with the results showing that motivation has a positive but not significant effect on employee performance with t count 0.199 < t table 2,0261 ​​and a significance of 0.843 > 0.05. Work Discipline obtained t count value of 7,823 > t table 2,0261 ​​with a significance of 0.00 < 0.05 which means that Work Discipline has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Motivation and Work Discipline simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on Employee Performance, this is evidenced by the value of the F test results with F count 40.164 > F table 3.25 and a significance of 0.000 < 0.05. And the R-Square value is 0.685.

Pengaruh Media Ispringsuite9 Terhadap Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik Pada Pelajaran IPA Siswa Kelas V UPT SPF SD Negeri Labuang Baji 1

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of ispringsuite9 media on science learning outcomes for fifth grade students of UPT SPF SD Negeri Laburan Baji 1. This type of research is quantitative or experimental (pre-experimental design) with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The sample and population were class V UPT SPF students at SD Negeri Labuang Baji 1, totaling 24 students. The instruments used to collect data are pretest, posttest and documentation. Data collection techniques in this study were observation and tests (pretest and posttest). The results showed that the data were analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis and inferential statistical analysis. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis. It was known that the mean pretest was 59.58 and was in the low category, namely 75%, while the posttest mean was 79.79, which was in the high category, namely 87.5%. the average value of the posttest is higher than the average value of the pretest and inferential statistical analysis using the t test formula, it is known that the t_count value obtained is 2.0686 with a frequency of df = 24-1 = 23, at a significance level = 0.05 obtained t_Table is 6.067. So t_(Count ) > t_Table or H_(0 ) is rejected H_1 is accepted. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that there is an influence of ispringsuite9 media on the science learning outcomes of class V UPT SPF SD Negeri Labunag Baji 1.

Erken Hemoglobin Değeri ve Kan Transfüzyon Sayısı Bronkopulmoner Displaziyi Öngörebilir Mi?

Background: Currently, no practical biomarker has been discovered for early recognition of the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD). This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of early complete blood count (CBC) indices along with red blood cell transfusion(RBCT) frequency for the development of moderate/severe BPD, and to identify a promising predictive risk model for BPD. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, one-hundred-sixty-two neonates born before the 32nd weeks of gestation were retrospectively. Predictive role of CBC parameters in the first three postnatal days(PD) and the number of RBCTs on weekly basis were evaluated by univariate/multivariate analysis as well as multivariate data mining processing. Results: Despite several factors affected BPD development in univariate analysis, gestational age, PD3 haemoglobin level and frequency of RBCT were found to be the independent predictors of BPD in multivariate analysis. The haemoglobin<155 g/L in the PD3 predicted moderate/severe BPD with 60% sensitivity and 88% specificity(AUC 0.80). Having received at least one RBCT during the first three postnatal weeks had AUC 0.81(sensitivity 0.91,and specificity 0.81). During hospitalisation, more than four RBCT predicted moderate/severe BPD with 0.83 sensitivity and 0.93 specificity(AUC0.96). A model including gestational age, PD3 haemoglobin value, and number of RBCT predicted BPD risk with 87% sensitivity and 86% precision using data mining methods. Conclusion: Results emphasise that even just one blood transfusion in the first weeks is an independent risk factor for BPD. Even though BPD is multifactorial, initial haemoglobin value and RBCT frequency may serve as non-invasive and practical parameters to estimate BPD development risk.

Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Likuiditas, Solvabilitas terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Industri Jasa:

The Effect of Profitability, Liquidity, Solvability, on the Value of Service Industry Companies (Case Study of Building Construction Companies 2017-2021) listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Aims to answer the problem of the influence of Profitability, Liquidity, Solvency on Firm Value in Building Construction Companies. In this study the method used is a quantitative approach. The population in this study were 18 building construction companies. Sampling was carried out using the non-probability method and the sampling technique was Purposive Sampling. Data analysis using the IBM SPSS application. The results of this study indicate that the variable Profitability (X1) has a significant effect on Firm Value (Y), as evidenced by the results of the t test, which is obtained from the t value 3.481 > t table 1.729 and a significance of 0.001 <0.05. Then the variable Liquidity (X2) has a significant effect on Firm Value (Y), as evidenced by the results of the t test, namely the t count value of 3.150 > t table 1.729 and a significance of 0.003 <0.05. And the Solvency variable (X3) has no effect on Firm Value (Y), as evidenced by the results of the t test, namely the t count value is 1.620 < t table 1.729 and the significance is 0.114 > 0.05. From the results of the F test it is proven that Profitability (X1), Liquidity (X2), and Solvability (X3) simultaneously influence Firm Value (Y).
 Keywords Profitability; Liquidity; Solvency; Firm Value

Pengaruh Penggunaan Media Animasi Audio-Visual Terhadap Hasil Belajar Ipa Siswa Kelas IV SD Inpres Lasepang Kabupaten Bantaeng

Sitti Zahra Amalia Faisal. 2023. The Effect of Using Audio-Visual Animation Media on Class IV Science Learning Results at SD Inpres Lasepang, Bantaeng Regency. Thesis. Department of Elementary School Teacher Education. Faculty of Teacher Training and Education. Muhammadiyah Makassar University. Supervisor I Hilmi Hambali and Supervisor II Irmawanty.This study aims to (1) To find out student learning outcomes after using audio-visual animation media in Class IV SD Inpres Lasepang, Bantaeng Regency; (2) To determine the effect of using audio-visual animation media in class IV of the Lasepang Presidential Instruction, Bantaeng Regency. This research is a quantitative research with a quasi-experimental research approach with a research design using an experimental method that also uses two groups, namely the experimental group and the control group. Then the sample is class IV with a total of 40 students. With a purposive sampling technique. Data collection techniques use descriptive statistical analysis and inferential statistical analysis. The results show that there are science learning outcomes with material on force and motion of objects. This can be seen in the average posttest score for the experimental class which reached 85.35, while the average posttest for the control class only reached 65.70. Based on hypothesis testing using the independent sample t test, the t count value = 6.231, while the t table value = 2.024. Based on the results obtained t count < t tabel (t count=6.231< t tabel=2.024. Thus Ho is rejected and H1 is accepted.

Pengaruh Strategi Segmenting, Targeting Dan Positioning Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Produk Erigo (Studi Kasus Pada Mahasiswa Universitas Merdeka Pasuruan)

Currently, we see many local brands from Indonesia starting to appear on the market both at home and abroad. The success of this local brand with the right marketing strategy. One of the local brands that has succeeded in penetrating foreign markets is Erigo. This study aims to determine the effect of segmenting, targeting and positioning strategies on purchasing decisions for Erigo products for students at Merdeka University, Pasuruan. The population used is active students at Merdeka University, Pasuruan in 2022 with a sample of 92 students and uses a purposive sample with age criteria of 17 to 45 years, consumers who have purchased and know Erigo products. The data analysis used in this research is multiple linear regression. The results showed that segmenting, targeting and positioning simultaneously had a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions for Erigo products with an F count of 31.978 > F table of 2.71 and a significance value of 0.000 <0.05. Meanwhile, partially segmenting shows a significant influence on purchasing decisions with a significance value of 0.044 <0.05 and has t count 2.044 > t table 1.986. Targeting also partially shows a significant influence on purchasing decisions with a significance value of 0.000 <0.05, it is known that the t count value is 5.184 > t table 1.986. Partially positioning shows a significant influence on purchasing decisions with a significance value of 0.012 <0.05 and has t count 2.578 > from t table 1.986. The most dominant variable is targeting with an influence on the purchasing decision variable of 31%.

Learning with Small Data: Subgraph Counting Queries

Deep Learning (DL) has been widely used in many applications, and its success is achieved with large training data. A key issue is how to provide a DL solution when there is no large training data to learn initially. In this paper, we explore a meta-learning approach for a specific problem, subgraph isomorphism counting, which is a fundamental problem in graph analysis to count the number of a given pattern graph, p, in a data graph, g, that matches p. There are various data graphs and pattern graphs. A subgraph isomorphism counting query is specified by a pair, (g, p). This problem is NP-hard and needs large training data to learn by DL in nature. We design a Gaussian Process (GP) model which combines Graph Neural Network with Bayesian nonparametric, and we train the GP by a meta-learning algorithm on a small set of training data. By meta-learning, we can obtain a generalized meta-model to better encode the information of data and pattern graphs and capture the prior of small tasks. With the meta-model learned, we handle a collection of pairs (g, p), as a task, where some pairs may be associated with the ground-truth, and some pairs are the queries to answer. There are two cases. One is there are some with ground-truth (few-shot), and one is there is none with ground-truth (zero-shot). We provide our solutions for both. In particular, for zero-shot, we propose a new data-driven approach to predict the count values. Note that zero-shot learning for our regression tasks is difficult, and there is no hands-on solution in the literature. We conducted extensive experimental studies to confirm that our approach is robust to model degeneration on small training data, and our meta-model can fast adapt to new queries by few-shot and zero-shot learning.

Assessment of Blood Volume in Liposuction Fluids Using Colorimetry.

The possibility of using a color contrast method to evaluate blood loss during liposuction was assessed. A color chart of blood-lipid content associated with different blood volumes was developed. Three color cards with different concentrations of blood were developed based on clinical parameters. The color cards were used to evaluate the volume of blood present in liposuction solutions obtained from 60 clinical liposuction patients. The red blood cell count also was evaluated for each patient. The data obtained using each evaluation method were compared and statistically analyzed to determine the most accurate calculation formula. The red blood cell counts were compared to the color card results. The paired t test results for the calculated values for the 3:1, 2:1, and 1:1 color cards and the red blood cell count values were comparable (44.3 ± 22.1 ml vs. 53.6 ± 25.0 ml, t = 10.5; 45.4 ± 19.0 ml vs. 55.2 ± 20.7 ml, t = 18.1; 41.9 ± 25.6 ml vs. 52.8 ± 28.3 ml, t = 14.0). The P values were < 0.05, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant. The average standard error of the mean was 0.90, 0.54, and 0.77, respectively. Sixty samples were evaluated in a scatter diagram using the two detection methods. Trend analysis revealed that the two results demonstrated a linear increase (y = 5.6 + 1.1x), R2 = 0.989, indicating that the two inspection methods were highly correlated with only small errors. The colorimetric card protocol developed in this study could quickly, accurately, and conveniently calculate blood volumes in liposuction fluids, which has considerable clinical significance. This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each submission to which Evidence-Based Medicine rankings are applicable. This excludes Review Articles, Book Reviews, and manuscripts that concern Basic Science, Animal Studies, Cadaver Studies, and Experimental Studies. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors http://www.springer.com/00266 .

Investigation of Different Ozone Gas Doses Treatments on Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) Postharvest Quality During Cold Storage

At postharvest, the main factor for the fruit and vegetable quality protection is to apply low storage temperature. Also, by the developing technology, alterative protection techniques start to come into prominence in addition cold storage. In a summary, the purpose of these technologies is to preserve food quality for longer time and to provide increasing of shelf-life of foods. One of the alternatives preserving technologies that has taken importance at recent years is ozone technology. In this study, different dozes of ozone gas effect on the broccoli quality were investigated. 0.05 ppm and 0.3 ppm ozone treatments were applied to samples that were kept in the vegetable compartment at refrigerator. Broccoli samples were evaluated with regards to vitamin C, chlorophyll, weight loss, total viable and mold-yeast count and visual quality parameters. As a result, it was indicated that ozone treatment has positive effects on vitamin C, chlorophyll, weight loss and visual quality during cold storage whereas hardness, total viable and mold-yeast count values do not be affected by ozone application.

Effect of Vacuum and Aerial Packaging on the Quality and Shelf Life of Broiler Meat Treated with Extra Virgin Olive Oil

Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) treatment during the vacuum and aerial packaging affected the sensory, physicochemical, biochemical, and microbiological characteristics of chicken breast meat. Meat samples were separated into four treatment groups: T1 (aerial packaging of EVOO- treated meat), T2 (aerial packaging of raw meat), T3 (vacuum packaging of EVOO-treated meat), and T4 (vacuum packaging of raw meat). The samples' sensory, physicochemical, biochemical, and microbiological characteristics were determined at the 0, 5, 10, and 15 d of preservation. Regarding sensory properties, no significant differences (p&gt;0.05) were found in color, flavor, tenderness, juiciness, and overall acceptability scores of all the tested samples; still, T3 performed best and was most preferable among those. The pH levels varied significantly (p&lt;0.05) amongst the four treatment groups. In the T2 group, the most favorable raw pH was observed. Cooking loss varied significantly (p&lt;0.05) among various treatments, although water holding capacity (WHC) did not vary significantly (p&gt;0.05). However, T3 performed best in both cases. The most favorable thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) value was found in T3. Additionally, compared to the other groups, T3 had significantly (p&lt;0.05) lower total viable count (TVC) and total yeast mold count (TYMC) values, whereas T4 had significantly (p&lt;0.05) lower total coliform count (TCC) values. Therefore, it can be concluded that, regarding sensory, anti-oxidative, physicochemical, and microbial properties, T3 (vacuum packaging of EVOO-treated meat) was better among all treatments.

The Influence Of Knowledge Of Hygiene And Sanitation On The Selection Of Student Snacks

The background of this research is that students in choosing snacks are more likely to choose snacks in terms of taste, appearance, shape and aroma without paying attention to hygiene and the chemicals contained in a snack. The purpose of this study was to describe the knowledge of culinary concentration students on food hygiene and sanitation, to analyze the selection of snacks for students with a culinary concentration concentration, and to analyze the influence of hygiene and sanitation knowledge on the selection of snacks for students of culinary management concentration at Padang State University. This type of research is quantitative. The sample for this research was culinary students of 2018 and 2019. The research data analysis technique was descriptive analysis, simple linear regression test, coefficient of determination test and t test. The results obtained were that students' knowledge of culinary concentration on hygiene and sanitation was in the good category as evidenced by a TCR value of 86%, Selection of student snack food patterns with a concentration of culinary arts was quite good as evidenced by a TCR value of 69%, and Knowledge of hygiene and Sanitation has a positive effect on the selection of snacks for students of culinary concentration at Padang State University as evidenced by the significance value in the simple linear regression test of 0.000 &lt;0.05 and through the comparison of t count and t table in the t test, where the t count value is 6.126 &gt; t table which is equal to 1.99834.

Effects of uncomplicated malaria parasitaemia on selected haematological parameters and phagocytes of children living in Port Harcourt, Southern Nigeria

This cross-sectional and case control study evaluated the effects of malaria parasites on selected haematological parameters of children living in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. A total of 352 participants were randomly recruited and their blood samples collected. Malaria diagnosis and estimation of haematological parameters were determined using standard parasitological and haematological methods respectively. Sociodemographics of participants showed that 109 (31%) of female children and 106 (30%) of male children were infected with malaria parasites. Overall prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum found was 215(61%). The study found a statistically significant difference in the mean values of packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin concentration (Hb), and white blood cell count (WBC) of Plasmodium parasitized children compared with their matched controls: PCV(34.83±2.76% versus 36.06±1.41%; P=0.001); Hb(11.58±0.92g/dL versus 11.98±0.46g/dL; P=0.001); WBC (8.96±4.56(x109/L) versus 7.33±1.39(x109/L); P=0.001).While the mean values of lymphocyte counts were relatively reduced in malaria infected children than their control participants (41.66±13.57(x109/L) versus 42.95±8.36(x109/L); P=0.27). A weak relationship was found to exist between density of parasitaemia and ages of children infected with malaria parasites (R2=0.0093; P=0.1584). Though more children had low parasitaemia (1-999 parasites/μL), followed with high parasitaemia (&gt;10,000 parasites/μL), while few had moderate parasitaemia (1000-9999 parasites/μL). There was no case of complication with respect to WHO standard which described complicated or severe anaemia in malaria as haemoglobin (Hb) of &lt; 5g/dl or packed cell volume (PCV) of &lt; 15% with parasitemia of &gt; 250,000 parasites/μL. Malaria parasites affect outcomes of some haematological parameters. We recommend that all febrile children in our study area should be tested for malaria parasites in conjunction with estimation of their full blood count for effective malaria diagnosis and treatment particularly in sub patent cases.

Pengaruh Strategi Pemasaran Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Pada Apertemen Trilium Office And Residence Surabaya

Introduction : The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of product, price, promotion, and location either partially or simultaneously on the purchasing decision of the Trillium Residence Surabaya Apartment. Research Metodology : The research method used is descriptive quantitative. The sampling technique used was accidental sampling so that from the population a sample of 100 respondents was taken, the data collection method used was observation, questionnaires, and libraries. The analytical tool used in this research is SPSS version 25 software. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression, t test, F test and coefficient determination. Research Result : From the results of the analysis using the T test, F analysis of hypothesis testing at the confidence level α = 5%, the t value is 0.847 &lt; t table 1.98 and the significant value is 0.752 &gt; 0.05.it can be concluded that the product variable has no effect on purchasing decisions for the Trillium Residence Surabaya Apartment with, for hypothesis number two the calculated t value is 1.704 &lt; t table 1.98 and the significance value is 0.092 &gt; 0.05 the price does not affect the purchasing decision of the Trillium Residence Surabaya Apartment, for hypothesis number three, the calculated t value is 1.704 &lt; t table 1.98 and the significance value is 0.092 &gt; 0.05 the promotion variable affects the purchasing decision of the Trillium Residence Surabaya Apartment and the location affects the purchasing decision Trillium Residence Surabaya Apartment. Based on testing using the F test, f count value of 62,934 &gt; F table of 2.70 and a significance value of 0.000 &lt;0.05 it is proven that the product, price, promotion, and location variables simultaneously influence the purchasing decision of the Trillium Residence Surabaya Apartment.

The effect of antibacterial photodynamic therapy with diode laser on chromogenic bacteria associated with dental black staining: An in-vitro study

BackgroundAggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitan (A.a) and Actinomyces naeslundii (A.n) are two gram-negative chromogenic bacteria involved in the formation of dental black stainings. Our study aimed to investigate the antibacterial effect of photodynamic therapy (aPDT) using two photosensitizers, Methylene Blue (MB) and Indocyanine Green (ICG). Materials and methodsIn this in-vitro study, two isolates of each selected bacterium were cultured and treated as follows; Negative control with no treatment; CHX as a positive control; ICG; MB; ICG with 808 nm laser activation; and MB with 660 nm laser activation. The number of colonies (CFU/mL) was determined to compare the groups. The qualitative evaluation of biofilm formation was done by scanning electron microscopy of treated enamel pieces. The logarithmic values of the colony counts were compared using One-way ANOVA and the Welch test Tukey HSD and Games-Howell tests were used for multiple comparisons. P-values of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. ResultsThe use of ICG alone or along with laser irradiation at the wavelength of 808 nm significantly reduced the number of colonies of A.a and A.n bacteria. Comparing the colony counts in the MB group with the positive control showed no significant decrease in bacterial load. On the contrary, activation of MB with 660 nm radiation of diode laser showed a significant antibacterial effect. The density of bacterial biofilm was significantly lower in the groups treated with MB and ICG without laser activation than in the control group; however, the reduction in bacteria biofilm density was more robust using photodynamic therapy with ICG. ConclusionaPDT using MB with 660 nm laser and ICG with 808 nm laser significantly reduced the number of chromogenic A.a and A.n bacteria, and photodynamic therapy with ICG was proven to be significantly more effective than MB with or without laser radiation.