Counseling Intervention Program Research Articles

Factors Affecting Students Dropout as Perceived by the Senior High School Students of MSU Marawi City. A Basis for a Proposed Guidance and Counseling Intervention Program and School Community Partnership

This study aimed to determine the Factors affecting Students Dropout as Perceived by the Senior High School Students of MSU Marawi City. A Basis for a Proposed Guidance and Counseling Intervention Program and School Community Partnership. This study undertaken to highlight the answers of the following questions. First, what is the profile of the respondents in terms of Age, Gender, Civil Status, Religion, Affiliation, Ethnicity, Scholarship, Number of Siblings, Siblings Rank. The Father’s Educational Attainment, Father Occupations, Mothers Educational Attainment, Mother’s Occupation and Family Monthly Income. Second, what are the causes and factors affecting drop out in school among the graduating students of Senior High School of MSU Marawi City in relation to the following, Family Related factors, Peers Related Factors, School Related Factors Personal Problems Related Factors, Peace and Order and Ridu. Third, what is school community partnership and intervention program may be formulated based on the findings of the study. This study was conducted in MSU Marawi City Senior High School where three hundred forty-one students served as the respondents. A descriptive design was used in this study. SelfConstructed questionnaire was the main instrument used to gather data for this study. After administering, recording, tabulating and interpreting the data gathered the following finding were drawn: Many (41.64%) of the respondents were between 18 to 20 years of age, (56.89%) of the respondents were female, Majority (64.81%) of them belong to Islam religion. Majority (57.77%) were Meranao. Therefore, Senior High School of MSU Marawi City has an age of brackets of 18 to 20 years old, a female, with a religious affiliation of Islam, a Meranao, and ESC Grantees status, with 6 or more siblings, probably 3rd or 5th in rank, where father’s and mother’s Educational Attainment is college graduate both working in government office with a monthly income of above P 15, 000.00 The researcher observed that the factors related to students dropout was Ridu (3.11%) and peace and order ( 2.77%) family (2.76%) personal( 2.73%) peer ( 2.73%) and School (2.72) were sometime related to students’ dropout in school. As such, there is no one causes and factor that could contribute to dropouts of the students. Studies yielded that no single factor can completely account for student’s performance and decision to continue in school until they finish their senior high school. Just as a student they report a variety of reasons for not pursuing their academic. The decision to drop out is not simply a result of what happens in school. Clearly student’s behavior and performance in school influences their decision to stay or leave, but students’ activities and behaviors outside of school particularly engaging in deviant behavior also influences their determination to pursue their academic. Thus, this study is primarily recommended to the school heads, curriculum makers, guidance counselor, parents, community, teachers, students and to the future researchers to really assess, properly monitor the students’ performance will help them focus their studies and pursue to graduate. The benefits of this study greatly help in motivating the students to stay in school and graduate. Planning and decision making should consider the background knowledge, and culture of the students prior to his needs.

Adolescent offenders' experiences of father involvement in a South African context

AbstractObjectiveThe study's aim was to explore and describe adolescent offenders' experiences of their fathers' involvement before and during their own incarceration in a South African context.BackgroundResearch on father involvement is focused predominantly on adult offenders' experiences of father involvement without emphasis on adolescents' experiences regarding father involvement, including in a South African context.MethodsA qualitative explorative‐descriptive research design was employed. A nonprobability, purposive sampling technique was used, and the sample size was determined through data saturation. The sample included nine male adolescents between the ages of 17 and 19 years from a correctional center in Pretoria, South Africa. Semistructured individual interviews and drawings made by participants were used as the data collection methods and data were analyzed thematically.ResultsTwo main themes with subthemes were identified: Experiences of father absence before and/or during incarceration and desires for and suggestions to improve father involvement.ConclusionThe findings are primarily indicative of the general lack of father involvement and fatherly support experienced by participants.ImplicationsThe findings highlight the need for adolescent offenders to have access to counseling or therapy and intervention programs suitable for juvenile correctional centers focusing specifically on providing young, incarcerated, male adolescents with paternal role models that can help foster a sense of ethical and moral guidance and provision of different forms of support. Father intervention programs including men's talks, motivational speaking, and psychoeducational programs to advise fathers on how to be more involved in their children's lives are recommended.

Characteristics of mothers at risk for perinatal depression in industrial areas

Expectant mothers susceptible to emotional shifts during pregnancy, such as depression, underwent a perinatal phase. Within the first year after giving birth, 10-15% of women experienced specific depressive symptoms. This situation could harm the mother-child relationship. The purpose of this study was to characterize the traits of mothers who might have experienced prenatal depression at Muhammadiyah Gresik Hospital. Purposive sampling and Spearman's rank test analytics were applied to pregnant women between 20 weeks gestation and one month postpartum. Pregnant women with a history of acute medical problems and mental or psychological disorders were excluded. Out of 47 respondents, 59.6% were at risk of perinatal depression. The characteristics studied included religion, ethnicity, maternal age, educational level, employment status, family income, number of children, mode of delivery, complications during delivery, and depression history. Maternal age (r=-0.314, p=0.032*), employment status (r=0.346, p=0.016*), parity (r=-0.410, p=0.004*), and most recent delivery (r=-0.329, p=0.024*) showed significant correlations with the likelihood of perinatal depression. Maternal age, parity, and mode of delivery had negative correlations, while employment status had a positive correlation. The results of this study can be used as screening tools to identify mothers at risk of perinatal depression. Additionally, it proposes a prenatal and delivery counseling intervention program for both expectant mothers and unemployed women.

Medium-term impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the life contexts and personal resources of vulnerable young people

The COVID-19 pandemic has led people to experience significant personal and professional challenges. Although many studies were carried out during the pandemic and in the short term, few of them have focused on medium-term impacts. This article raises awareness on the situation of vulnerable young people and discusses the role of contexts and psychological resources in mitigating the detrimental effects of this pandemic. Twenty-three young people aged 18 to 25 registered at a career center in France took part in a semistructured interview. Thematic content analysis reveals an impact on some psychological processes, leading to four types of coping strategies. It shows that biographical disruptions occur in three successive stages. The discussion refers to a career counseling intervention program with a focus on sustainability.

Lived Experience of Violence Perpetrated by Treated Patients and Their Visitors in Intensive Care Units: A Qualitative Study of Nurses.

Patient and visitor violence (PVV) is a widespread problem for health professionals. Nurses working in intensive care units (ICUs) face a relatively high risk of experiencing PVV, which significantly impacts both the health of nurses and the institution as a whole. The subjective perceptions of ICU nurses regarding PVV are inadequately explored in the literature. The purpose of this study was to explore the perspectives, experiences, and perceptions of PVV in ICU nurses and to better understand the precipitating factors of violence. A phenomenological qualitative design and purposive sampling were used. A semistructured interview guide was used to conduct in-depth interviews with 12 ICU nurses with PVV experiences. Giorgi's method of analysis was used to discover and identify the essential categories of experience. Five main experience categories were identified: family and patient factors as flashpoints, managing suppressed emotions by weathering the emotional storm, spiritual awakening after violence, and strategies for surviving further violence. The participants' experiences with PVV included a range of caring and mental health difficulties. In ICU settings, patient progress is often unpredictable, resulting in discrepancies between patient/family expectations and reality. Because feelings of frustration and powerlessness can eventually cause exhaustion in ICU nurses, implementing effective emotional management, stress adjustment, psychological counseling, team support, and violence intervention programs are crucial. This study provides new information on the process by which nurses can progress from inner trauma to self-recovery, moving from a negative affectivity disposition to a better understanding of threat appraisals and coping response options. Nurses should increase their awareness of the complexity of the phenomenon and of the interplay among the factors underlying PVV. The results of this study suggest that routine confusion and delirium assessments to rule out patients with ICU delirium in ICUs are important to preventing PVV. This study considers some of the implications of the research findings for nursing managers. Interventions, training programs, and/or management action should be used to ensure psychological and mental support is extended to all witnesses of PVV events and not only to those targeted by violence.

A real opportunity to modify cardiovascular risk through primary care and prevention: A pilot study.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) represent a major threat to health and primary prevention outstands as the most effective instrument to face this issue, addressing multiple risk factors at a time and influencing behavioral patterns. Community nurses have been involved in many interdisciplinary prevention activities, resulting in effective control of CV risk factors. We conducted a pilot study aiming at describing the impact on the CV risk profile of an 18-month interdisciplinary intervention on lifestyle habits. From September 2018 to May 2020, four general practitioners (GPs) working in the Roman neighborhood of Torresina recruited patients having a cardiovascular risk score (CRS) equal to or higher than 3% and lower than 20%; those patients were included in a nutritional, physical, and psychological counseling program. Assessments of patients' health status were led at baseline, 6, 12, and 18 months by a nutritionist, a physiotherapist, a psychologist, their GPs, and a community nurse. The CRS was estimated at every examination, based on the Italian Progetto Cuore algorithm. A total of 76 patients were included (mean age of 54.6 years; 33 men and 43 women). Mean CRS showed a significant reduction between baseline and 12 months (from 4.9 to 3.8); both total cholesterol and systolic blood pressure (SBP) significantly decreased at 6 months of follow-up (respectively, from 211.1 to 192 and from 133.1 to 123.1). Nonetheless, the reduction was later maintained only for SBP. However, during the last 6 months of the intervention, the COVID-19 pandemic broke out, thus, it is not possible to know how much the results achieved at 18 months were influenced by the restrictive measures introduced by the Italian government. When stratifying according to the presence of hypertension/diabetes and physical activity, no differences in the CRS could be highlighted between the two groups. Our pilot study proved that an interdisciplinary counseling intervention program can improve CV risk profile and could be further spread to people that, according to their CRS, would benefit more from changes in lifestyles.

EFEKTIVITAS KONSELING RASIONAL EMOTIF BEHAVIORAL DALAM MENINGKATKAN SELF-REGULATED LEARNING SISWA SEKOLAH MENENGAH KEJURUAN

This study is motivated by learning difficulties and low learning achievement experienced by students because students do not have the ability to self-regulate in learning. To have self-regulation in learning, students need Self-Regulated Learning. This study aims to test the effectiveness of Behavioral Rational Counseling in improving students' Self-Regulated Learning. This study used a quantitative- qualitative approach (mixed methods) and a quasi-experimental research design using the Nonequivalent (Pre-Test and Post-Test) Control-Group Design. This research was conducted with student research subjects selected purposively. The research instrument used was the Self-Regulated Learning questionnaire instrument. The research was carried out in four steps: 1). preliminary study, 2). preparation of intervention programs, 3). rational validation of intervention programs, and 4). effectiveness test of intervention programs. The results of the preliminary study showed that the average student's Self-Regulated Learning was in the medium category, meaning that students often used Self- Regulated Learning skills. The results of the intervention program effectiveness test showed that the Rational Emotive Behavioral Counseling intervention program was proven to be effective in improving the Self-Regulated Learning of Vocational High School students..Keywords: Effectiveness, Self-Regulated Learning, Rational Emotive Behavioral Counseling

Relationship between Self-Esteem and Stress Coping Strategies among Internship Nursing Students

BACKGROUND: Self-esteem is an essential personality trait in nursing professionals and nursing students need to have a high self-esteem and effective coping strategies to be successful in their future career. AIM: This study aimed to assess the relationship between the level of self-esteem and the stress coping strategies, used by internship nursing students (intern-nurses), at the completion of their internship training. METHODS: A descriptive correlational cross-sectional design was used to measure self-esteem and identify the stress coping strategies of intern-nurses at Alexandria University. Data were collected with a self-administered questionnaire, including the Rosenberg self-esteem scale and the Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced (Brief COPE). The questionnaire was distributed to all intern-nurses (273 intern-nurses) during their last rotation in the internship training. In total, 150 completed the survey, resulting in 54.9% response rate. SPSS software was used for the analysis. RESULTS: In total, 150 intern-nurses participated in the study. The majority of the sample had a moderate to high self-esteem, and the mean total self-esteem was 29.21/40 ± 4.44. The most frequently used coping strategy was problem-solving, followed by social support, positive thinking, and lastly an avoidance coping strategy. There was a positive correlation between self-esteem with both the problem-solving and social support coping strategies. However, there was a negative correlation between the self-esteem score and the avoidance coping strategy. CONCLUSION: The majority of the sample had a moderate to high self-esteem and they use problem-solving and social support coping strategies to manage stress. Intern-nurses with a high self-esteem cope positively and effectively with stress. Conversely, intern-nurses with a low self-esteem cope negatively with stress. Counseling and stress intervention programs are essential to promote nursing students self-esteem and assist them to develop positive and active stress coping strategies.

Paying Adolescents for Health Screenings Works

With regard to their future health, adolescents are at a critical stage. Previous evaluations have shown that health screenings, counseling and other intervention programs during this phase of life are important, in particular for those with a low socio economic background. Unfortunately, adolescents tend to have little interest in preventive programs. We have designed a field-experiment to evaluate the effectiveness of financial incentives to promote the participation in health screenings. Our study comprises more than 10;000 participants, who we observe in high quality administrative data from Austria. The treatment group received a e40 shopping voucher if they participated in an age-specific health screening. On average the financial incentive increased the likelihood of participation by 280 %. Treatment effects are comparably larger for children in families with a higher socio-economic status, and of parents with a revealed preference for secondary health prevention.

Impact of Short-Term Intensive-Type Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Intervention on Internet Addiction among Chinese College Students: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

The object of this study is to examine the effects of a short-term intensive-type Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) intervention to prevent internet addiction among Chinese college students. We conducted a randomized controlled trial applying a group counseling intervention program based on CBT. Data included 21 participants in the intervention group and 22 participants in the control group. The results showed that the intervention program reduced college students’ internet addiction symptoms and procrastination and improved their sense of coherence. Regarding the sustained effect, internet addiction symptoms decreased and perceived social support from significant others improved in college students. However, the intervention program did not significantly reduce their average daily internet use time and psychological stress. Overall, this study developed a short-term intensive-type intervention program based on CBT theory, which is complementary for Chinese college students with internet addiction.

528 - Health locus of control beliefs among older Greek hemodialysis patients: Sociodemographic and psychological correlates

ABSTRACTIntroduction:Quality of life of a significant proportion of patents under hemodialysis treatment is determined by their health locus of control beliefs (internal, external, chance).The aim of the present study was to investigate health locus of control of patients under hemodialysis treatment. Moreover, the relationship between socio-demographic, clinical, psychological factors and health locus of control was explored.Method:A total of 105 patients with chronic kidney failure under hemodialysis treatment (64 men and 41 women) with a mean age of 72.51 ± 7.55 years were recruited and completed (a) a demographic questionnaire, (b) the Multidisciplinary Health Locus of Control Scale and (c) the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory.Results:Internal locus of control (the degree to which participants feel they are in control of their own health) fluctuates lower, while locus of control from others (the degree that participants believe that others -doctors- control their health) and luck (the degree to which participants believe their health is a matter of luck) fluctuates higher in our participants than general population. State, trait and total anxiety levels were significantly correlated negatively with internal locus of control and positively with “chance” locus of control scale in the present study.Conclusions:Our participants seemed to feel highly dependent from others, such as treating physicians, nurses, family, hemodialysis machine resulting in a limited sense of freedom and autonomy. Understanding health locus of control beliefs among Greek hemodialysis patients may help health professionals to implement appropriate counseling intervention programs and improve patient psychological state and provided services.

Effect of community-based nutritional counseling intervention on children's eating habits.

Aim:This study aimed to assess the outcome of community-based nutritional counseling interventions on eating habits of rural-dwelling children.Methods:A group-randomized trial design was used in this study. A total of 108 rural-dwelling children from a community in the Enugu North agricultural zone, Enugu State, who participated in the study. The children were randomly assigned to 2 groups: the treatment group (n = 54) and the no-treatment control group (n = 54). The child eating behavior questionnaire was used for data collection. Parents of the participating children within each study group completed the child eating behavior questionnaire at 3 time points. The data collected were analyzed using an independent sample t test at a probability level of .05.Result:The outcome of the study showed that the children's eating habits in the treatment group improved positively following the community-based nutritional counseling intervention. The positive gain from exposure to the community-based nutritional counseling intervention program was sustained during follow-up for children in the treatment group compared with the no-treatment group.Conclusion:The community-based nutrition counseling intervention carried out among children in rural communities had a positive adjustment in children's eating habits. The intervention requires the constant collaboration of professional childhood educators, caregivers, home economists, school staff, healthcare specialists, families, and the children themselves. Furthermore, there is a need for future long-term evaluations of the effects of community-based nutritional counseling interventions on children's nutrition and eating habits.

The Effect of Good Enough Sex (GES) Model-Based Sexual Counseling Intervention on the Body Image in Women Surviving Breast Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Introduction:Women undergoing breast cancer treatment experience a number of changes, including loss or deformity of one or both breasts, surgical wounds, skin changes, and weight gain. These changes are very closely related to physical appearance and body image and often lead to reduced mental health, marital quality and psychological stress. Objective:This study aimed to determine the effect of Good Enough Sex (GES) model-based counseling intervention on the body image in women surviving breast cancer. Patients and Methods:This randomized clinical trial was a kind of quantitative study with control group carried out on 100 women (50 women in the intervention group and 50 women in the control group) who randomly entered into the study after completing the informed consent form. The intervention included 4 sessions of 120-190 minute sexual counseling with 2 and 3 months follow-up. The data were collected consisting of demographic characteristics and disease-related information, Body Image Scale (BIS) and analyzed using ANOVA repeated measures. Results:The results showed a statistically significant difference between the mean of body image in the intervention and control groups (P <0.001). Conclusion:The educational and counseling intervention program based on a socio-psychological model was effective in improving the body image among women surviving breast cancer. The inclusion of educational and counseling programs in service centers in this regard has an effective role in the reproductive health of women with breast cancer. Trial Registration:Registration of trial protocol has been approved in Iranian registry of clinical trials (IRCT20120609009975N8, https://en.irct.ir/trial/42030, ethical code; IR.TUMS.FNM.REC.1396.4865).

Effectiveness of an HIV prevention program for immigrant Latino men who have sex with men in Canada: Results of a pilot study

This study piloted the GPS (Gay-Positive Sex) Latino program for men who have sex with men (MSM) who immigrated to Canada. GPS Latino is an individual counseling intervention program that involves the provision of information, motivational interviewing, and behavioral skills building to reduce risk behaviors associated with HIV and STI transmission. We designed a pre-post study without control to assess the effects of GPS Latino on depression, loneliness, the self-efficacy of condom use negotiation, and condomless anal sex (CAS). During the study, one HIV-positive peer counselor administered six 2-hour counseling sessions to 11 participants living with HIV and 10 HIV-negative MSM Latinos living in Toronto, Canada. A paired t-test and a McNemar test were employed to assess the effects of GPS Latino twelve months after the start of the intervention. Our study shows a reduction in CAS (any partner) from 90% at the baseline to 62% at the 12-month follow-up ( p = 0.06). The findings also indicate an increase from 19.2 to 21.5 ( p = 0.01) in self-efficacy of negotiating condom use in HIV-negative participants. As a peer-led counseling intervention, GPS Latino may offer an efficient way of concurrently reducing CAS and increasing condom use negotiation in immigrant Latino men who have sex with men.

Sociodemographic and psychological parameters of adult’s commitment to exercise

IntroductionMotivation is an important indicator of predicting an adult’s commitment to exercise so it is important to explore the reasons that may lead a person to participate in physical activity programs.ObjectivesTo investigate the socio-demographic and psychological parameters that motivate adults to participate in exercise programs and athletic activities.Methods245 adults, being engaged in physical activity programs were given a questionnaire to collect information on socio-demographic characteristics, possible previous problems with body weight, type of exercise, frequency and main reason for their participation in exercise programs, as well as the somatometric characteristics of the participants.ResultsIt is noteworthy that participants’ motive for exercise was pleasure (for 46.1% of the participants), championship (for 20.8% of the participants), health reasons (for 18.4% of the participants), weight loss (for 7.8% of the participants) and improvement of physical appearance (for 6.9% of the participants). A greater percentage of male compared to female participants were engaged to exercise due to championship reasons, while more women than men exercised to a statistically significant extent in order to improve their appearance and for health reasons.ConclusionsUnderstanding the main factors that make individuals being engaged to physical activity may help health professionals to implement educational and counseling intervention programs regarding the positive effects of exercise on individuals’ mental and emotional health. Physical activity contributes to the improvement of their quality of life, which may be the most important issue for mental and public health.

Multidimensional Psychoeducative and Counseling Intervention (SAAM) for Symptomatic Patients With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

To estimate feasibility and explore the treatment effect of a psychoeducative and counseling intervention program targeting 4 postconcussion symptoms (SAAM: Sleep/fatigue, Attention, Anxiety/mood, Memory). Level 1 trauma center. Twenty-five patients with postconcussion symptoms enrolled 1 to 3 months post-accident. Parallel-group (experimental and wait-list control), randomized controlled trial, with masked outcome assessment the week following the last intervention session. The Experimental group received the SAAM intervention (1 session/week during 4 weeks); care as usual was maintained for both groups. Rivermead Post-concussion Symptoms Questionnaire (RPQ). Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-A/-D); Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI); Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI); attention and memory neuropsychological battery; Community Integration Questionnaire (CIQ). A 10-item satisfaction questionnaire for the experimental group. 15.67% of the participants evaluated for eligibility were randomized and completed the evaluation at T0. High rates of satisfaction regarding the SAAM intervention were found in the experimental group (n = 10). One participant (experimental group) withdrew after T0. Exploratory results showed that the group × time interaction was not significant, but had a large effect size for the RPQ (P = .051, η2 = .16) and HADS-D (P = .052, η2 = 0.17), and a significant interaction was found with a large effect size for the PSQI (P = .017, η2 = .24) and MFI (P = .041, η2 = .18). Post-hoc analyses revealed a significant reduction of these variables post-intervention. No significant group × time interaction was observed for cognitive measures and CIQ. The pilot study demonstrates the feasibility and tolerability of the SAAM intervention. Preliminary data suggest that SAAM intervention delivered post-acutely might reduce postconcussion symptoms, depression symptoms, fatigue, and sleep difficulties. A larger scale randomized control trial is warranted to confirm these promising results.

Evaluating a combined intervention targeting at‐risk post‐secondary students: When it comes to graduating, mental health matters

AbstractAmid reports of the surging mental health crisis among students, a related area of concern for many post‐secondary institutions is retention rates. Mental distress has been shown to impact academic functioning, leading to decreased academic performance and dropout. This quantitative study evaluated a 12‐week combined counselling intervention programme designed to improve both the mental health and academics of 244 self‐referred, at‐risk students at a Canadian university. Differences pre‐ and post‐programme were examined among the following groups: those who were struggling academically, those who were mentally distressed and those who were experiencing both issues. Mental health, academic functioning and academic performance were measured pre‐ and post‐programme by means of Likert‐style questionnaires and overall grade point average (GPA). Results of paired‐samples t tests demonstrated that all groups experienced significant improvement in academic performance, academic functioning and mental health. Almost all students who presented to the programme on academic warning were able to increase their grades in order to remain in their programmes, avoiding suspension. Findings demonstrate the programme's potential to provide support for university students who are struggling both academically and mentally, as well as increasing student retention rates. Discussion of these results highlights the implications for the implementation of holistic, combined intervention approaches within university policy to increase student retention rates and answer student calls for increased mental health support.

The Relationship between Insight and Quality of Life among Schizophrenic Patients

Background: Schizophrenia is an overwhelming mental illness which characterized by positive and negative symptoms. These symptoms may have a negative impact on a person’s social, occupational or interpersonal functioning and his quality of life. Insight in schizophrenia is a complex and controversial phenomenon. Deficit of insight in schizophrenia has been conceptualized in a number of ways and has come to encompass more general unawareness. Aim of the study: This study aimed to assess the relationship between insight and quality of life among schizophrenic patients. Research design: A descriptive design was utilized. Setting: This study was conducted at out-patients clinics at El Abassia psychiatric and mental health hospital. Subjects and Methods: A convenient sample of 120 patients with schizophrenia. Tools of data collection: A socio-demographic interviewing sheet, The New re-standardized Insight scale, and The Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale. Results of the study showed that, more than half of patient with schizophrenia were female which lived in urban area and always they were worry about their future, feeling lonely, feeling hopeless, taking things people say the wrong way, feeling down and depressed, feeling very mixed up and unsure of person self, feeling go up and down, worry about things and sometimes get upset thinking about the past .Conclusion: According to this study, more than one third of the patients with schizophrenia understudy was insight less and more than half of them had a poor quality of life. Also, there was a positive correlation between level of insight and quality of life among patients with schizophrenia. Recommendation: Implementing counseling intervention program for promoting quality of life among patients with schizophrenia and Psycho-educational intervention program should be designed to reduce the negative implications of schizophrenia and to improve insight among patients with schizophrenia

Achieving ideal career: improving student’s career self efficacy through career counseling sessions based on H.B Gelatt's decision theory

After successfully compiling a good career plan related to their professional work in the future, students are expected to realize these career plans successfully. For this reason, students need to be equipped with other abilities in the form of self-efficacy or the ability to believe that the efforts made will produce results and goals that are expected to be achieved. Therefore, through appropriate career counseling intervention, the self-efficacy of students in achieving an ideal career is expected to increase. This study aims to examine effectiveness of career counseling based on H.B Gelatt's decision theory to improve student self-efficacy in achieving an ideal career. This study uses quasi-experimental methods. The research subjects were third years students in UPI Serang. The research instrument used was a student self-efficacy scale and a daily reflective journal. Data analysis techniques used statistical testing in the form of percentages, central symptom measures, and two-tier test (t-test). The results showed that students' self-efficacy related to achieving an ideal career in general was in the medium category with a percentage of 50.72%. The counseling intervention program is based on the career decision making steps of Gelatt. Paired t-test results of pre-test and post-test of the experimental group showed that t arithmetic = 10.221&gt; (greater) than t table = 2.401, testing was carried out at a = 0.05 and df = 39, meaning H1 was accepted and H0 was rejected. Thus, there is a significant difference between self-efficacy related to achieving the ideal career of students who are members of the experimental group before and after receiving treatment. Decision-making skills in particular are very influential on improving the level dimension in student self-efficacy related to achieving an ideal career. Keywords: career counseling, career counseling in college, career self-efficacy, Gelatt decision-making theory

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF LOCAL WISDOM-BASED COUNSELING TO PREVENT IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN: A PROTOCOL OF A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL

Background: Anemia during pregnancy is a health problem that often occurs in developing countries. Local wisdom-based counseling is considered a new approach in preventing iron deficiency anemia among pregnant women by integrating cultural beliefs into antenatal counseling.&#x0D; Objective: The study aims to measure the effectiveness of local wisdom-based counseling model among pregnant women to prevent iron deficiency anemia.&#x0D; Methods: This paper outlines the protocol of a randomized controlled trial method. Two intervention programs will be developed, the local wisdom-based program and health-based counseling intervention program, and will be tested among 150 pregnant women from nine public health centers in one district of Aceh Province. Sample selection will be completed through a simple random selection process. The effectiveness of the interventions will be assessed using a self-report questionnaire and a hemoglobin test. Data will be analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.&#x0D; Discussion: The expected outcome in this study is a significant difference in hemoglobin levels between both intervention groups. It is also expected that there will be an increase in knowledge, attitude, and behavior in the group who will receive local wisdom-based counseling intervention than the other group who will receive health-based counseling intervention. A local wisdom-based counseling approach is expected to give an effective model to reduce the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia among pregnant women. The effectiveness of this model may suggest the further application in the other regions.&#x0D; Registration trial number: ACTRN12620000299909