Polyester-cotton Blend Research Articles

GRAPHENE/GRAPHENE OXIDE BASED COATINGS FOR ADVANCED TEXTILE APPLICATIONS

Today, graphene oxide has been significantly used in many technological sectors, medical sectors as well in textiles due to its abundant applications and dominant characteristics. Graphene oxide is basically a mono layered material synthesized by the oxidation of graphite by the addition of multiple functional groups containing oxygen such as alcohols, carboxylic acids and epoxides and presenting a 2-diamentional honeycomb structure. On the textile surfaces the grapheme oxide can be applied through Pad dry-cure, Dip dry-cure and Spray coating methods. However, the most appropriate method is dipping of the fabric into the graphene suspension and the process is followed by drying and curing techniques. Initially, the fabric swatches have been cut out in a suitable size according to the padder or adjustments on the machine can also be done. 100% pure cotton, polyester, cotton polyester blend, silk, aramids and acrylics have been used as a substrate for the application of graphene to imparts different functional properties. The oxygen content is reduced resulting the increase in the interlayer spacing’s well as functionalization. The oxygen containing groups have been removed with the repossession of the conjugated structure. The reduced graphene oxide has the higher strength as well as high electrical and thermal conductivity which effect the final performance of a materials.

EFFECT OF ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE DBD PLASMA ON CAPILIARY OF COTTON-POLYESTER BLEND FABRIC

In this study, the cotton-polyester blend fabric was treated by atmospheric pressure DBD plasma (APDBD plasma). Ten different experimental conditions were performed with the change in plasma power and the fabric movement speed. The central composite designs type face centered (CCF) was used to design experiments. The wicking height of un-treated and treated sample were determined. The Design Expert V 10.0.8 software was used to evaluate the relationships between the two variables (plasma power and movement speed of the fabric) and the wicking height of treated fabrics. Two response models between two variables and the wick height in the warp and weft directions of the treated fabric were found. The fiber surface of un-treated and treated sample was also observed by using SEM. The results show that the APDBD plasma treatment for cotton-polyester blend fabric could improve its wicking height, this improvement may depend on the plasma power and fabric movement speed (exposure time)

Microplastic Fibers Released by Textile Laundry: A New Analytical Approach for the Determination of Fibers in Effluents

The detection of shedded fibers in effluents from textile washing has attracted much attention due to its reported contribution to microplastic pollution. Commonly used analytical methods for fiber detection in liquids are based on filtration with subsequent microscopic analysis and/or gravimetric weighing. These approaches are time-consuming and prone to errors. In this study, an approach based on dynamic image analysis was applied in order to set up an efficient method to analyze fibers in effluents from washing processes. In an initial validation step, reliable information on the counts of fibers and the morphological characteristics were confirmed. For wastewaters from polyester-cotton blends, the chemical nature of the fiber debris (natural vs. synthetic origin) was determined by combining the dynamic image analysis with a chemical pre-treatment. In this study, dynamic image analysis was revealed as a rapid, non-destructive, precise, and reliable technology for the characterization and quantification of the fiber debris, offering a promising approach for fiber analysis in liquids.

Research on yarn qualities modified by mechanical false-twisting device

In the ring-spinning process, the area between the front roller nip and twisting point is spinning triangle, and its geometry influences the fiber tension distribution in the spinning triangle directly and determines the properties of spun yarns. Therefore, in the paper, one kind of mechanical false-twisting device was introduced on the ring spinning, which can affect the twist propagation and change the spinning triangle geometry actively. First, the modification of the false-twisting device on the DTM129 ring-spinning frame was introduced. Taking the medium cotton yarn spinning as an example, corresponding ring yarn, Sirospun yarn, compact yarn were spun on the modified spinning frame under different designed twist factors, and the applicability of the false-twisting device on different spinning method was discussed. It is shown that comparing with the common yarn, the Hairiness and Strength of the modified yarns are all improved, and the effect of false-twisting device on yarn qualities is more effective for the low-twist yarn. Comparing with the ring spinning, the improvement degree of the modified compact spinning is a little smaller. Then, the long-staple cotton ring yarn, polyester and medium cotton blend ring yarn, polyester ring yarn were spun on the modified spinning frame under different designed twist factors, and the applicability of the false-twisting device on different fibers was discussed. It is shown that the influence of the false-twisting device on the long-staple cotton yarn and polyester yarn is little. That is, the false-twisting device given in the paper would be more applicable on the short fiber spinning under the low designed twist factor.

Role of fabric properties, moisture and friction in transfer of bacteria from fabric to fabric

With increasing reports of textiles serving as vectors for the transmission of infections, it is crucial to study the factors influencing such transfers. This is of concern in various sectors, including healthcare and hospitality, where fabrics constitute an integral part. A better understanding of the fabric types that discourage microbial transfer could help to formulate guidelines for uniforms and other apparels in these sectors. This study aimed to assess the transferability of bacteria from fabrics considering the following factors: fibre and fabric type, moisture and friction. The transfer of bacterial genera important in healthcare settings was quantified with and without application of friction: Escherichia coli and Acinetobacter calcoaceticus from seven different fabrics (cotton, silk, viscose, wool, polyester, polypropylene and a polyester-cotton blend). Amongst the fabrics, transferability was observed to be maximal in polyester followed by viscose, while polypropylene showed the least transfer. Transfer of bacteria was favored by moisture and the application of friction. The study brings forth a correlation between fabric type and the transfer of bacterial cells between fabrics.

The art produced by substitute surfaces in hand block printing

Purpose The purpose of this study is to identify the print effects produced on selected fabrics due to the adaptation of styrofoam, plastic net and wood as stamp blocks for printing. Design/methodology/approach The art-based experimental research approach was used to produce and identify the art (prints) produced by stamp blocks on different fabrics using water-soluble print paste. Findings They stamp block surfaces used in the block printing process produced interesting effects or prints that are uniquely associated with each other. Fabrics such as silver and satin produced shinny print effects coupled with a tough hand or feel as compared to a paperish hand produced on the surfaces of cotton-polyester blend and linen fabrics. The addition of white glue to the paste produced a smooth and embossed-like print effect on fabrics like mercerised cotton and linen. Further results were captured to indicate the hand of these fabrics after printing due to the change in viscosity of the print paste. Originality/value The use of calabash and wood surfaces as stamp blocks used in Ghana and the rest of the world is common for printing patterns on fabrics. This study essentially reveals the possibility of using different surfaces for stamp blocks which produce aesthetically pleasing print effects. This when adopted by craftsmen and students would widen the teaching and creative scope in block printing and further produce viable prints for the market using available materials in the environment. These activities would promote and maintain the philosophy of block printing even in the era of advance printing technologies.

An approach to the dyeing of semi dull and cationic dye able polyester with disperse dye and comparison with cotton polyester blend dyeing process

This paper puts forth the dominance of SD polyester over the cellulosic cotton fiber SD polyester being capable of adopting the appearance of cotton fiber and cheaper than cotton fiber that rsquo s why cotton fiber is chosen for this paper The fabric composition consists of of SD polyester and of CD able polyester fiber The exhaust dyeing process is followed at high temperature Both SD and CD polyester were dyed at the same time duration of minutes and temperature were C and C respectively For this purpose experiments were done on cotton polyester and SD CD polyester which shows the same results The results were based on the parameters like GSM fastness stitch length and a same dying recipe After completing the dying process the parameter like shrinkage tolerance shade matching wash fastness at C wet rubbing fastness dry rubbing fastness spirality of fabric Max were found The only drawback of SD and CD polyester fabric is the coziness of the fabric as cotton fabric is better on this When all the dyeing parameters and dying process is considered SD and CD polyester shows better performance than cotton nbsp nbsp

Understanding clothed buried remains: the analysis of decomposition fluids and their influence on clothing in model burial environments.

Previous studies of fabric degradation have shown promising results for post-mortem interval estimations based on differences in the degradation states of clothing in the presence of decomposing remains. It is crucial to determine if a body was present when using the degradation state as an indicator of time since death. For this study, fabric samples from buried pig remains were collected and analyzed using attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and chromatography- mass spectrometry. Three different fabrics were investigated; 100% cotton, 100% polyester and a polyester-cotton blend. Distinct visual changes were observed between the experimental and control graves, with the fabrics in the control grave degrading more rapidly. There was also a difference between the fabric types, whereby the natural fabrics degraded much faster than the synthetic ones. Principal component analysis was used to determine that the cotton control samples could be statistically separated based on their degradation state. The presence of lipids and proteins were useful for separating "wetter" graves from those drier in nature as well as the control graves. Clothing evidence was demonstrated to provide quantitative time since death information, as well as indicating the decomposition site in the event of intentional or unintentional movement.

Solid-state NMR method for the quantification of cellulose and polyester in textile blends

The valorization of cellulose rich textile waste is promoted by the development of a novel solid-state NMR method for the quantification of cellulose and polyester in textile blends. We applied 13C CP-MAS NMR as a tool for the quantification and structural characterization of cellulose in cotton polyester blends. Gaussian functions were used to integrate the spectra obtained from a set of calibration standards in order to calculate a sigmoidal calibration curve. Acid hydrolysis was chosen as a reference method. The results demonstrated that solid-state NMR enables a reliable determination of cellulose and polyester in both preconsumer and postconsumer waste textiles and suggests a possible extension of the concept to blends of man-made cellulose fibers (MMCFs) and polyester.

Hypophosphorous acid cross-linked layer-by-layer assembly of green polyelectrolytes on polyester-cotton blend fabrics for durable flame-retardant treatment

In this work, a facile method to manufacture the layer-by-layer (LbL) assembled coating with durable flame-resistant effect on the polyester-cotton blend fabrics was reported. The LbL coating modified polyester-cotton fabric was treated with positively charged polyethyleneimine (PEI) and negatively charged oxidized sodium alginate (OSA) successively. Subsequently, the PEI/OSA coating was cross-linked by hypophosphorous acid (HA). As characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy, the HA cross-linked PEI/OSA coatings were successfully deposited on the surfaces of polyester and cotton fibers. Effects of the as-prepared coating on thermal stability, flame retardancy and laundering durability of the polyester-cotton blend fabrics were investigated. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that the thermal decomposition of modified polyester-cotton fabric could be retarded obviously compared with the untreated one, as evidenced by the improvement in the 5% mass loss temperature by 30 °C. In the horizontal burning test, self-extinguishing behavior could be achieved for the polyester-cotton fabric treated with 5 bilayers coating. Moreover, the 77% and 75% reduction in the peak heat release rate and total heat release were observed for the polyester-cotton fabric treated with 10 bilayers coating. The treated fabrics still showed good flame retardant performance after 12 laundering cycles.

Thermal Stability Enhancement of Cotton and Cotton Polyester Blend Fabrics by Hyperbranched Poly Urethane-Urea Treatment

Despite the importance of cotton fabrics and its blends in our lives, the lack of their thermal stability is one of the most important point to be studied. The ability of hyperbranched poly urethane-urea (HBPU) to improve the thermal stability of cotton and cotton polyester (C/PET) fabrics was investigated. Different concentrations of HBPU were used for treatment of both cotton and C/PET fabrics. No significant effect on tensile strength properties was observed with cotton fabrics, while tensile strength of treated C/PET fabrics was affected by treatment with different concentrations of HBPU. TGA analysis shows enhanced char residue values with both treated cotton and C/PET fabrics. Polymer deposition on the surface of treated fabrics and structure changes were followed by SEM and FT-IR spectroscopy, respectively.

Exfoliation and Decoration of Graphene Sheets with Silver Nanoparticles and Their Antibacterial Properties

High quality graphene sheets (GRP) have been exfoliated using facile one pot method through direct ultrasonication of graphite in the presence of polyvinyl alcohol. The GRP were decorated with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) producing graphene–silver nanoparticle composites. The effect of variation of graphite and silver salt mass ratios on the morphology and performance of produced composites was studied. The size of AgNPs decorated on GRP has been tuned with synthesis method optimization. The average size of AgNPs was found to be in the range of 8.6–15.6 nm. Cotton–polyester blend textile fabrics were treated with the new smart developed composite as antibacterial agent producing new composites. A significant inhibition of bacterial growth has been observed for graphene–silver nanoparticle composite and the antibacterial efficiency was optimized. The clear inhibition zone for textiles treated with new developed composite and AgNPs alone was recorded as 12 and 1.75 mm respectively, achieving more than six fold improvement.

Recent Advances in the Design of Water Based-Flame Retardant Coatings for Polyester and Polyester-Cotton Blends.

Over the last ten years a new trend of research activities regarding the flame retardancy of polymeric materials has arisen. Indeed, the continuous search for new flame retardant systems able to replace the traditional approaches has encouraged alternative solutions, mainly centred on nanotechnology. In this context, the deposition of nanostructured coatings on fabrics appears to be the most appealing and performance suitable approach. To this aim, different strategies can be exploited: from the deposition of a single monolayer consisting of inorganic nanoparticles (single-step adsorption) to the building-up of more complex architectures derived from layer by layer assembly (multi-step adsorption). The present paper aims to review the application of such systems in the field of polyester and polyester-cotton blend fabrics. The results collated by the authors are discussed and compared with those published in the literature on the basis of the different deposition methods adopted. A critical analysis of the advantages and disadvantages exhibited by these approaches is also presented.

Release of synthetic microplastic plastic fibres from domestic washing machines: Effects of fabric type and washing conditions

Washing clothes made from synthetic materials has been identified as a potentially important source of microscopic fibres to the environment. This study examined the release of fibres from polyester, polyester-cotton blend and acrylic fabrics. These fabrics were laundered under various conditions of temperature, detergent and conditioner. Fibres from waste effluent were examined and the mass, abundance and fibre size compared between treatments. Average fibre size ranged between 11.9 and 17.7μm in diameter, and 5.0 and 7.8mm in length. Polyester-cotton fabric consistently shed significantly fewer fibres than either polyester or acrylic. However, fibre release varied according to wash treatment with various complex interactions. We estimate over 700,000 fibres could be released from an average 6kg wash load of acrylic fabric. As fibres have been reported in effluent from sewage treatment plants, our data indicates fibres released by washing of clothing could be an important source of microplastics to aquatic habitats.

Bacterial contamination of nurses' white coats after first and second shift.

Microbial load of nurses' white coats in a hospital was determined on polyester cotton blend and polyester fabric after the first and second work shift. Contamination on the blend fabric was significantly higher (P < .05) than on polyester. After the second shift, bacterial colonies on polyester and blend fabrics increased by ~98% and ~70%, respectively. Among the isolates detected on polyester after the second shift, Escherichia coli was the most abundant (47.8%), followed by staphylococci (19.1%).

Bacterial contamination of nurses' white coats made from polyester and polyester cotton blend fabrics

In India, nurses wear white coats over their uniform. In this small study, patches of polyester and polyester cotton blend fabrics were attached to the white coats of nurses and sampled for contamination after one shift. Results showed that microbial adhesion is influenced by fabric type, with the microbial load on the polyester cotton blend fabric being 60% higher than that on the polyester fabric. Further studies need to be conducted to establish the correlation between fabric properties and microbial contamination.

Determination of Radiation Shielding Properties of Cotton Polyester Blend Fabric Coated with Different Barite Rate

Determination of Radiation Shielding Properties of Cotton Polyester Blend Fabric Coated with Different Barite Rate S. Kilincarslana,∗, I. Akkurt, I.S. Uncu and F. Akarslan Natural and Industrial Building Materials Application and Research Centre, Suleyman Demirel University, 32260, Isparta, Turkey Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, Suleyman Demirel University, 32260, Isparta, Turkey Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Suleyman Demirel University, 32260, Isparta, Turkey Department of Textile Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Suleyman Demirel University, 32260, Isparta, Turkey

Evaluation of Processing Performance and Properties of 100% Cotton and Cotton-Polyester Blended Ring Yarns

The paper provides comparison of properties of 100% cotton yarn with those of two cotton-polyester blended yarns of 50/50 and 20/80 blend ratios. In this regard three types of yarns (i.e. 100% cotton, 50/50 and 20/80 cottonpolyester blends) were produced in the ring frame and for each type two different counts (30 Ne and 40 Ne) were produced. The blending was carried out in the draw frame. During processing, the settings and parameters e.g. spindle speed and twist multiplier were adjusted for optimum performance. After production at each stage (i.e. D/F, Simplex and Ring) samples of draw frame slivers, rovings and yarns were collected and investigated. The properties that were investigated were count, yarn faults, yarn irregularity as U% and strength as CSP. The study shows that, in ring frame it was possible to maintain higher spindle speed and lower twist multiplier for 50/50 and 20/80 blended yarns than 100% cotton yarn. Between 50/50 and 20/80 blended yarns, it possible to maintain higher spindle speed and lower twist multiplier for 20/80 blend than 50/50 bend. It was observed in all cases that as the percentage of polyester increase the U% i.e. the irregularity in the sliver/yarn decreases. It was also observed that yarn faults (IPI) decreased with the increase of % of polyester in the yarns. The yarn strength of 50/50 and 20/80 blended yarns was higher than that of 100% cotton and strength of 20/80 was higher than that 50/50 blended yarn.

A comparative study of mechanical and comfort properties of bamboo viscose as an eco-friendly alternative to conventional cotton fibre in polyester blended knitted fabrics

In this comparative study, bamboo viscose fibre was studied as an eco-friendly alternative to cotton fibre in polyester-cellulosic blends. Conventional cotton is not considered eco-friendly because it requires large quantities of water and pesticides during its production. The eco-friendly nature of bamboo viscose is subject to the employed production method. Polyester-bamboo (PB) and polyester-cotton (PC) blended yarns were prepared by employing open-end spinning technique and the said yarns were single jersey weft knitted. The yarn tensile strength, fabric bursting strength, bending length, thermal resistance and moisture management properties were studied. The PB blend outperformed the PC blend in terms of mechanical properties and exhibited lower thermal resistance than the PC blend, which is favourable for summer clothing. However, the moisture management properties of PB blended fabrics were found to be similar to those of PC blended fabrics at higher proportions of bamboo viscose fibre in the PB blend.

Flame Retardancy of Polyester and Polyester–Cotton Blends Treated with Caseins

For the first time, polyester and polyester–cotton fabrics have been treated with an aqueous suspension of caseins to increase their thermal stability and flame retardancy. The effectiveness of the fabric treatment as well as the morphology of the deposited coatings have been assessed by infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The thermal stability of the treated fabrics in nitrogen and air, as well as their resistance to a flame application and to an irradiative heat flux of 35 kW/m2, has proven to be strongly affected by caseins. Indeed, in the case of polyester, a remarkable decrease of the burning rate (−70%) and a significant increase of its limiting oxygen index (from 21 to 26%) has been reached. In the case of polyester–cotton blends, caseins turned out to slow down the fabric burning rate (about −40%) and its resistance to an irradiative flux as assessed by cone calorimetry.