Surface Of Cotton Fabric Research Articles

Preparation of high color fastness structural colored cotton fabric via SiO2@PDA photonic crystal

Structural color is an important way to achieve the ecological coloring of textiles. SiO2 microspheres with sizes in the range of 200–337 nm were synthesized by the Stober method and then covered with highly light-absorbing melanin PDA to form SiO2@PDA photonic crystals. The SiO2@PDA photonic crystals were assembled onto the surface of white cotton fabrics by gravity deposition to achieve structural color. The addition of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) enhances interfacial bonding by forming multiple hydrogen bonds between its lactam group and the phenolic hydroxyl group of PDA, resulting in a structured color cotton fabric with high color fastness. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to study the structure and morphology of SiO2@PDA microspheres. The chemical compositions of PDA and PVP were surveyed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The surface structural color of cotton fabrics was investigated by UV–Vis reflectance spectroscopy.

Hierarchical nanoengineered emulsion with robust adhesion enables superior self-cleaning cotton fabrics

Self-cleaning treatment is of vital importance for the practical application of functional cotton fabrics. However, developing highly efficient, eco-friendly, and durable hydrophobic and oleophobic treatment agents still remains a great challenge. Herein, inspired by the design of the inorganic–organic nanonetwork, we successfully synthesized a novel core–shell structured emulsion of nano-SiO2/fluorine-silicon polyacrylate through semi-continuous emulsion polymerization. The introduction of long-chain alkyl methacrylate octadecyl ester within the shell phase results in a more organized arrangement of fluorine atoms on the surface of cotton fabrics, leading to a rapid reduction in the surface free energy of latex film. The sample is optimized with 20 wt% dodecafluoroheptyl methacrylate and 1 wt% SiO2. The nanoengineered emulsion exhibits strong adhesion and effectively transforms the hydrophilic cotton fabrics into hydrophobic (143.2°) and oleophobic (121.6°) materials. Besides, the self-cleaning characteristic can withstand 25 laundering cycles and 800 abrasion cycles with enhanced robustness. This work opens up a pathway to develop effective, green but long-lasting amphiphobic agents for functional fabrics and sustainable textiles.

Preparation and Properties of Cotton Fabric Photocatalyzed by Ag-Doped Madder-Sensitized TiO2

In this study silver nanoparticles (NP) were grown in-situ on the surface of madder-sensitized TiO2 by an in-situ reduction method using silver nitrate as a silver source and a honeysuckle extract as a reducing agent. Silver doped madder-sensitized TiO2 nanoparticles were then prepared, supported on the surface of cotton fabrics to prepare photocatalytic cotton fabrics with high-efficiency self-cleaning properties and excellent antibacterial properties. transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses showed that elemental Ag NPs were deposited on the surface of the madder-sensitized TiO2, and that Ag-doped madder-sensitized TiO2 NPs were successfully loaded on the cotton fabric surface. The results of UV-Visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-Vis-DRS) and Photoluminescence Spectroscopy (PL) showed that Ag-doping could further reduce the band gap of madder-sensitized TiO2 than pure TiO2. The absorption of light in the photocatalytic system was increased, and the recombination of electron-hole pairs was effectively inhibited. Compared with madder-sensitized TiO2 photocatalyzed cotton fabric, the degradation rate of nano-Ag-doped madder-sensitized TiO2 photocatalytic cotton fabric for methylene blue (MB) was increased by 10.66% within 2 h, and the degradation process was in line with the first-order reaction kinetic model. After 5 times of washing, the photocatalytic cotton fabric still had excellent photocatalytic performance. Its antibacterial rates against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) reached 100 and 99.99%, respectively. In addition, it had good wrinkle resistance and UV protection properties, but the cross-linking modification reduced the breaking strength by about 14%.

Smart Janus cotton fabrics prepared via mist polymerization for moisture and thermal management

The construction of Janus structures on cotton fabrics can endow the fabrics with dynamic multifunctional properties. However, because of the large pores between fabric fibers, the formation of Janus structures by grafting different functional coatings on the double surfaces of cotton fabrics via dipping technology is difficult. To construct Janus structures on cotton fabrics, mist polymerization and “grafting-through” polymerization technologies were used to graft polylauryl methacrylate and a heat-shrinkable thermosensitive antibacterial polymer on the inside and outside surfaces of the cotton fabric, respectively. The as-formed Janus cotton fabric demonstrated excellent antibacterial durability. Even after subjecting the Janus fabric to 70 laundering cycles, its bacterial rates against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were > 93.0 %. Compared with the pristine cotton fabric, when the ambient temperature is high or low, the Janus fabric can adjust the skin temperature within 5 min by approximately ±3.0 °C. Additionally, the fabric exhibited excellent waterproof and moisture permeability properties. The Janus cotton fabrics prepared by the proposed strategy possess significant potential for applications in the field of wearable textiles.

Wound Dressing Based on Silver Nanoparticle Embedded Wool Keratin Electrospun Nanofibers Deposited on Cotton Fabric: Preparation, Characterization, Antimicrobial Activity, and Cytocompatibility.

Wool keratin (WK) protein is attractive for wound dressing and biomedical applications due to its excellent biodegradability, cytocompatibility, and wound-healing properties. In this work, WK-based wound dressings were prepared by depositing WK/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and silver nanoparticle (Ag NP)-embedded WK/PVA composite nanofibrous membranes on cotton fabrics by electrospinning. Ag NPs were biosynthesized by reduction and stabilization with sodium alginate. The formed Ag NPs were characterized by ultraviolet-visible and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and their size was determined by transmission electron microscopy and image analysis. The formed Ag NPs were spherical and had an average diameter of 9.95 nm. The produced Ag NP-embedded WK/PVA composite nanofiber-deposited cotton fabric surface was characterized by FTIR and dynamic contact angle measurements, and the nanofiber morphologies were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The average diameter of the nanofibers formed by 0.1% Ag NP-embedded WK/PVA solution was 146.7 nm. The antibacterial activity of the surface of cotton fabrics coated with electrospun composite nanofibers was evaluated against the two most common wound-causing pathogens, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The cotton fabric coated with 0.1% Ag NP-embedded WK/PVA nanofibers showed very good antibacterial activity against both pathogens, and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay results showed good cytocompatibility against L-929 mouse fibroblast cells. However, the increase in Ag NP content in the nanofibers to 0.2% negatively affected the cell viability due to the high release rate of Ag ions. The results achieved show that the developed wound dressing has good potential for wound healing applications.

Cotton fabrics modified with tannic acid/1-eicosanamine grafting layer for oil/water separation

The wettability of the surface of hydrophilic cotton fabrics was modified using a one-step protocol with tannic acid (TA) to provide its excess catechol groups to be grafted with 1-eicosanamine at pH 8.5 and room temperature with catalysts CuSO4/H2O2. The modification over the synthesis conditions revised the contact angles of water and diiodomethane droplets from 132.68 ± 0.49° to 143.95 ± 0.80° and from 100.08°±1.42° to 82.96 ± 1.38°, respectively. The corresponding dispersive of the so-yielded cotton surface ranged from 8.6 to 16.0 mJ/m2, and the polar components ranged from 0.08 to 2.7 mJ/m2, much lower than polytetrafluoroethylene. The modified cotton fabrics are omniphobic and can repel water and commercial oil products. The absorption tests revealed that the modified cotton fabrics absorbed 1.10 g hexane/g cotton by contacting hexane (top)-water (bottom) layers and absorbed 1.26 g hexane/g cotton by contacting water first for 30 s, then hexane for another 30 s. The modified fabrics reveal good absorption reusability as hexane absorbent is even pre-saturated with water. This conclusion is also valid for commercial unleaded gasoline #95 and diesel. A parametric study revealed that the added catalysts and prolonged reaction time would enhance the hydrophobicity of the surface. These modified cotton fabrics can absorb oil from water and oil spills. Mechanisms corresponding to this observation are discussed.

Structural coloration of white cotton fabrics via self-assembly of SiO2/carbon composite microspheres

Highly reflective substrate surfaces produce strong reflections of interfering and scattered light, which reduces the saturation and brightness of structural colors constructed by photonic crystals. Amorphous SiO2 photonic crystals of 250–360 nm were synthesized using the Stober method, and then synergized with strongly light-absorbing carbon nanoparticles to construct a variety of structural colors on the surface of white cotton fabrics by electrostatic self-assembly. The vividness and stability of the structural colors on the surface of black cotton fabrics were also compared. The results showed that the structural color cotton fabrics had excellent washing fastness and abrasion fastness. The microscopic morphology of SiO2 microspheres and structured color surfaces were investigated by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The compositional structure of SiO2 microspheres was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The color quality of structured color cotton fabrics was investigated using reflectance spectra and K/S values.

Thermal-based Zinc-Oxide-Coated Smart Fabric for Thermochromic Applications

The present study focuses on developing a thermochromic device with a flexible substrate through the coating of cotton fabric with ZnO (Zinc oxide) by solvothermal synthesis technique. Here, ZnO is used as the thermochromic layer for the fabrication work, and it is suitable for textile and wearable applications as it is non-toxic to human skin. This device is designed and fabricated in order to gain better insight into the role of ZnO in thermochromic applications. Here, 3D nanostructures of ZnO are grown on the surface of cotton fabric using a simple and cost-effective solvothermal synthesis approach. The coated fabrics are investigated to determine their structure, morphology, composition, electrical, optical and emissivity properties using an X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), current-voltage (I-V) characteristics, ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) etc. From the morphology study, uniformly packed ZnO nanorods with growth in the c-axis direction are observed. The ZnO nanostructures are known to have excellent UPF when exposed to solar radiation and showed UPF value of 112.48. It is found that coated fabrics have increased electrical conductivity under optical excitations and also enhanced the reflectance. Moreover, based on the emissivity analysis coated ZnO cotton fabric showed the emissivity of 0.95, which is higher and has greater radiation protection than that of bare cotton fabric. Hence, the developed thermochromic device has potential for use in the future in textile and wearable based thermochromic application.

Construction of MXene-mediated inorganic-organic quaternary ammonium salt-hybrid coating for fire safety and multi-mode synergistic antibacterial of cotton fabric

With the continuous development of the society, there is a growing demand for the durability, versatility and multifunction of cott fabrics. In this work, the cotton fabric is coated with multifunctional coating via dip-coating of transition metal carbide (MXene) and then encapsulation of dimethyloctadecyl [3-trimethoxysilopropyl] ammonium chloride (QAS). In view of MXene with excellent light absorption and photothermal conversion efficiency, the controllable antibacterial performance of the cotton fabric is further improved. Benefiting from the encapsulation of QAS, CF@P@M@QAS fabric shows mechanical stability (24 h washing, 1000 cycles folding test and 100 cyclic abrasion) and hydrophobicity. Meantime, the QAS on the surface of multifunctional cotton fabric significantly increases antibacterial activity, and the antibacterial rate can reach to 100 % against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and 98 % Escherichia coli (E. coli). Besides, CF@P@M@QAS cotton fabric also integrates functions of fire safety and physical therapy. Thus, this multifunctional cotton fabric based MXene offers a novel solution for extending its application in medical electronics and physical therapy.

A durable coating constructed by metal-organic framework and polyphosphazene for flame retardant cotton fabric with enhanced mechanical properties

The extremely flammable cellulose macromolecules in cotton fabrics seriously affect their application in the field of flame retardancy. In this paper, the surface of cotton fabric was modified with citric acid, and then metal-organic framework (UiO-66), cationic starch (St) and polyphosphonitrile (PZS) microspheres containing the transition metal element Zr were sequentially deposited to prepare an efficient and economical cotton fabric. St-PZS double-impregnated cotton fabrics have better thermal stability, flame retardancy and mechanical properties. And the coating does not affect the whiteness and stiffness of the cotton fabric. The results of thermogravimetric analysis showed that cotton/UiO-66/2St-PZS had a higher residual char rate (25.34%) under N2 atmosphere, which was 200.1% higher than that of control cotton (8.28%). In addition, cotton/UiO-66/2St-PZS had a 46.6% reduction in peak heat release, a 31.7% reduction in total heat release, and a 35.3% reduction in the peak of CO2 production compared to control cotton. It is worth noting that the average gross calorific value is 63.3% lower than that of the control cotton, indicating that flame retardant cotton fabrics can effectively inhibit the production of flammable gases. In addition, the tensile strength and elongation at break of cotton/UiO-66/2St-PZS are 458.79 N and 11.04%, respectively. After 20 laundering cycles, the mechanical properties remained almost unchanged.

A flexible semiconductor SERS substrate by in situ growth of tightly aligned TiO2 for in situ detection of antibiotic residues.

Semiconductor materials have become a competitive candidate for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate. However, powdered semiconductors are difficult to execute a fast in situ detection for trace analytes. Here, we developed a new flexible semiconductor SERS substrate by in situ densely growing anatase TiO2 nanoparticles on the surface of cotton fabric through a filtration-hydrothermal method, in which TiO2 exhibits excellent controllability in size and distribution by regulating the ratio of water to alcohol in synthesis and the number of filtration-hydrothermal repetitive cycle. Cotton fabric/TiO2 (Cot/TiO2) substrate exhibits a high SERS activity and excellent spectral repeatability. The developed substrate has an ultra-high stability that can withstand long-term preservation; it can even resist the corrosions of strong acid and alkali, as well as high temperature up to 100°C and low temperature down to - 20°C. The flexible substrate can be used to carry out a rapid in situ detection for quinolone antibiotic (enrofloxacin and enoxacin) residues on the fish body surface by using a simple swabbing method, with highquantitative detection potential (up to an order of magnitude of 10-7M), and even for the simultaneous detection of both drug residues. The flexible substrate also exhibits an excellent recyclability up to 6 recycles in the actual SERS detection.

The influence of polysiloxane on the mechanical properties and water repellency of cotton fabrics

Cotton fabric is commonly used in the textile industry owing to good ventilation and absorption capacity. However, dirt resistance and water resistance of cotton fabrics are low. Therefore, coating cotton fabrics with water-repellent polysiloxane is a special requirement for outdoor and protective clothing products. The effects of polysiloxane content on the water resistance and mechanical properties of materials were studied. The morphology of coated cotton fabric was characterised by SEM (Scanning electron microscope), and EDX (Energy dispersive X-ray) was used to determine the presence of polysiloxane on the surface of cotton fabric. The effects of polysiloxane content on the water resistance and mechanical properties of materials were studied. Compared with raw cotton fabrics, the tensile strength of the cotton fabrics impregnated with 20%wt polysiloxane solution increased, but the elongation at break was reduced. The hydrostatic pressure (AATCC 127) and water spray test (AATCC 22) results showed that the water repellence of polysiloxane-coated cotton fabrics increased significantly compared to pure cotton fabrics. In addition, the polysiloxane content has no almost effect on the water repellency of the material. Therefore, the appropriate use of polysiloxane can contribute to minimising the cost of the product.

Fabrication of a superhydrophobic cotton fabric with efficient antibacterial properties and asymmetric wettability via synergistic effect of quaternized chitosan/TiO2/Ag

A superhydrophobic cotton fabric with unidirectional moisture transfer ability, antibacterial, and oil-water separation capabilities was fabricated by combining a simple coating method and oxygen plasma etching. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) was employed to impart low surface energy to the cotton fabric, thereby endowing it with hydrophobic characteristics. The synthesized quaternized chitosan/TiO2/Ag (CTA) compound was subsequently applied onto the cotton fabric surface to introduce a desirable level of surface roughness, thus enhancing its hydrophobic properties and conferring excellent antibacterial efficacy. The cotton was subsequently treated by oxygen plasma to trigger asymmetrical wetting on both sides. The experimental findings reveal that the optimally treated cotton fabric exhibits hydrophobic properties on the bottom surface, with a water contact angle (WCA) reaching 162.8°, while the upper surface displays hydrophilic behavior, establishing a wetting gradient along the thickness direction. Notably, even under the influence of reverse gravity, water droplets are capable of transferring from the back to the top surface within 2 s, while preventing reverse penetration of liquid. Moreover, the synthesized compound CTA endows the cotton fabric with efficient and long-lasting antibacterial properties through two modes (contact and release sterilization modes) and three sterilization mechanisms (electrostatic interaction, plasma surface resonance effect, and reactive oxygen species). Remarkably, within a time frame of only 1 h, the modified cotton fabric is able to achieve a kill rate exceeding 99% against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Moreover, the aforementioned properties demonstrate outstanding durability against repeated washing, continuous abrasion, exposure to strong acid/base, and ultraviolet radiation. Additionally, this modified cotton fabric exhibits remarkable efficiency in terms of oil-water separation, effectively separating both light and heavy oil from water. It is worth noting that the preparation process is cost-effective, environmentally friendly, and free from fluorine.

Fabrication of sustainable flame retardant cotton fabrics via foam finishing with sodium polyborate

The conventional process of imparting flame retardancy to cotton fabrics requires the consumption of large amounts of water, chemicals, and energy, which usually involves halogen-containing and phosphorus-containing chemicals. In this work, an eco-friendly sodium polyborate (SPB) foam was creatively introduced onto the cotton fabric surface by a bladed coater to improve the fire resistant performance. For the cotton sample with only 6.7% weight gain (WG) of SPB coating, the LOI value of cotton fabric (SPB treated cotton-1) was enhanced to 32.6% from 18.5%, the damaged length was decreased to 5.7 cm, and the sample self-extinguished in the vertical burning test. The peak of heat release rate value, total heat release value, and total smoke production (TSP) value decreased by 87.0%, 72.7%, and 22.2% respectively compared with those of the control sample. The TSP was further decreased by 80.6% when the WG of SPB was 16.7%. Besides, the SPB treated cotton showed enhanced antibacterial activities against S.aureus and E.coli. Particularly worth mentioning is in the SPB foam finishing procedure, no organic solvent and P or Cl-containing chemicals were involved, and the processing time was only around 3 min with obviously reduced water consumption, compared with dip-padding finishing. More importantly, SPB treated cotton kept good softness, whiteness, water vapor permeability, and air permeability. The SPB foam finishing in this work shows considerable potential in realize good flame retardancy on cotton fabrics by eco-friendly and high-efficient strategy.

Preparation and properties of super hydrophobic cotton fabric constructed by modified nano-SiO2 hybrid fluoro-epoxy copolymer

Most of the super hydrophobic cotton fabric surfaces changed the original properties of cotton fabric and cannot be continuously used for oil-water separation. In this paper, the fluorine-containing epoxy polymer P(GMA-r-DFMA) was reacted with KH550 modified nano-SiO2 to obtain an organic-inorganic hybrid super hydrophobic solution. By dipping process, the super hydrophobic cotton fabric surface was obtained. P(GMA-r-DFMA) can reduce the surface energy of cotton fabric, and modified silica can improve the surface roughness of cotton fabric to achieve super hydrophobic effect. The optimum parameters (polymer concentration, soaking time, drying time and drying temperature) for constructing super hydrophobic cotton fabric surface were explored. The optimal parameters are polymer concentration 5 mg/mL, soaking time 5 h, drying time 4 h, and drying temperature 120 °C. Under the optimal conditions, the water contact angle of the modified cotton fabric surface is 162 ± 3° and the water rolling angle is 10 ± 1°. The study on surface self-cleaning property of modified cotton fabric shows that modified cotton fabric can be restored to clean state after being soiled by toner and washed by deionized water. When the oils were n-hexane, n-octane and trichloromethane, the oil-water separation efficiency of the modified cotton fabric could reach 98 %, 98 % and 96 %, and the effect was stable. The surface of modified cotton fabric has obvious silver mirror phenomenon. The results of Scanning Electron Microscopy showed that the surface of cotton fabric was smooth before modification, but many small bumps and folds were added on the fabric surface after super hydrophobic modification, and the roughness became larger. The super hydrophobic coating is very thin and does not change the color, softness and other properties of the cotton fabric.

Aldehyde-free and bio-based durable coatings for cellulose fabrics with high flame retardancy, antibacteria and well wearing performance

The bio-based coatings of cellulose fabrics (cotton) had attracted increasing attention for multifunction and sustainability but suffered from poor durability and low efficiency. Here, the aldehyde-free and durable coatings for cotton fabrics (CPZ@CF) with satisfactory flame retardancy, antibacteria as well as wearing performance were prepared through the interfacial coordination effect where the well-organized zinc phytate complex were in situ grew on the pre-treated surface of cotton fabrics with chitosan (CS) and Zn2+. The CZP@CF exhibited excellent antibacterial activity for Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) with 99.99 % antibacterial rates benefiting from the synergistic effect between Zn2+ and CS. Meanwhile, even the CPZ coatings loading was only 1.5 wt%, the fire safety of CZP@CF remarkably enhanced owing to the excellent synergistic catalytic charring and free radical capture. More importantly, the antibacterial rates of CZP@CF for S. aureus and E. coli still reached 99.99 % and 91.67 % after 50 washing cycles. Additionally, this treatment method did not deteriorate the fabrics properties, including mechanical and breathability as well as wearing performance, which provided the approach to fabricate the flame retardant and antibacterial textiles with well durability and wearing performance.

Superhydrophobic coating composed of rosin acid and TiO2 with antimicrobial properties and excellent mechanical durability for oil/water separation

Developing multifunctional materials with green, lasting, and simple preparation processes is a hot topic and challenge in solving the problem of oil spill contamination. A multifunctionalized superhydrophobic coating was generated via cross-linking 3-(Trimethoxysilyl) propyl acrylate with Polyethyleneimine in a multifunctional covalent manner and modifying the cotton fabric surface with silylated modified rosin acid (RA-Si) as well as TiO2 nanoparticles. The coated samples had remarkable superhydrophobicity with self-cleaning as well as stain resistance. With bactericidal rates of 97.73 % and 98.36 %, respectively, the coated samples effectively inhibited the formation of biofilms and showed high antimicrobial performance for both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Meanwhile, the coated samples showed outstanding oil absorption and separation of the oil-water mixture. Both water-in-oil and oil-in-water stable emulsions would be effectively separated out of the coated samples after demulsifying. Additionally, the water droplet contact angle of the coated samples was maintained at approximately 150.0° after mechanical and chemical testing. It was noteworthy that the coated samples still exhibited satisfactory separation for stabilizing oil/water emulsions after mechanical wear and chemical corrosion treatment, indicating their excellent mechanical durability. The prepared multifunctional RA-TiO2 superhydrophobic coating has promising applications in oil-containing wastewater treatment and environmental remediation.

Green synthesis of Ag-Poly (styrene sulfonate) nanoparticles and their application in cotton fabric

This paper presents a method for the controlled reduction of silver chloride (AgCl) by D-(+)-Maltose in the presence of poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (PSS). PSS, acting as a polyelectrolyte, plays a crucial role in the process by accommodating silver ions (Ag+) through electrostatic interactions during synthesis and stabilizing the resulting silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). UV-Vis spectra revealed distinct absorption bands characteristic of AgNPs, with the Ag-PSS ratio affecting the size and distribution of nanoparticles. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and zeta potential measurements confirmed the relationship between silver concentration and nanoparticle uniformity. Layer-by-Layer (LbL) deposition of Ag-PSS nanohybrids on cotton fabric surfaces, offering a unique approach for fabric modification. Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) analysis demonstrated a consistent increase in silver content with an increase in bilayers. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed enhanced fiber roughness, indicating effective nanohybrid deposition. Elemental mapping showcased uniform elemental distribution across the fiber surface, underscoring the precision of the LbL technique. In conclusion, this study presents an effective method for achieving uniform surface modification of cotton fibers through LbL deposition of Ag-PSS nanohybrids.

A facile approach for making superhydrophobic cotton fabric membrane for oil water separation

The current global environmental challenge is largely caused by oil contamination, which has grown into a major cause of water pollution. Despite numerous endeavors to build materials for oil-water separation, their use in real-world applications is constrained by their ineffectiveness in preparation, low separation efficiency, poor mechanical stability, limited chemical tolerance, inadequate environmental resistance and insufficient reusability. To get over these problems, a superhydrophobic oil-water separation membrane was made by anchoring vinyltris(2-methoxyethoxysilane) on the surface of cotton fabric using a simple dip coating approach. Scanning electron microscopy, Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and water contact angle (WCA) assessment tools were utilized to characterize the morphologies, composition, chemical components, and wettability of the modified fabric. The functionalized fabric revealed not only the anticipated superhydrophobic behavior for oil-water separation with a WCA of 153.3° but also intimated remarkable separation efficiency. Additionally, fabric's excellent mechanical and chemical stability in harsh conditions and good reusability. This strategy is the best solution for constructing advanced o/w separation membranes. Because it may be utilized to produce long-lasting superhydrophobic filtering materials for o/w separation, this straightforward method is preferable. In this study, VTMEOS is being used for the first time to create an economical, non-toxic, and environmentally friendly superhydrophobic membrane for oil/water separation by following a one-step, simple, and low-energy method, with better WCA and efficiency for higher number of cycles of reusability.

Synthesis of cellulose cotton-based UiO-66 MOFs for the removal of rhodamine B and Pb(II) metal ions from contaminated wastewater

The presence of pollutants in drinking water has become a significant concern recently. Various substances, including activated carbon, membranes, biochar, etc., are used to remove these pollutants. In the present study, a new composite comprising cotton fabric and a mixture of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) was synthesized and used as an adsorbent for eliminating pollutants from wastewater. At first, the UiO-66 MOFs were prepared by a simple method of reacting Zirconium (IV) chloride (ZrCl4) and p-Phthalic acid (PTA) after successful preparation of UiO-66 then modified its surface with amino functional groups by reacting with APTES to obtain UiO-66-NH2. Moreover, the cellulose cotton fabric (CF) surface was modified with Polydopamine (PDA) and obtained CF@PDA. Further, with the help of EDC-HCl and NHS, the UiO-66-NH2 grafted on the surface of the CF@PDA and finally obtained CF@PDA/UiO-66-NH2. In addition, the adsorption study was performed toward RhB dye and Pb(II) metal ion pollutants. The maximum adsorption toward RhB dye was 68.5 mg/g, while toward Pb(II) metal ions was 65 mg/g. In addition, the kinetic study was also conducted and the result favoured the Pseudo-second order kinetic study. The adsorption isotherm was also studied and the Langmuir model was more fitted as compared with the Freundlich model. Moreover, the material has excellent regeneration and recycling ability after ten cycles. The significant adsorption ability, the novel combination of cotton and MOFs, and the recycling feature make our material CF@PDA/UiO-66-NH2 a promising potential absorbent material for wastewater treatment and even in other important areas of water research.