Cost Of Environmental Degradation Research Articles

The Use of Reinforced Concrete for Durable and Aesthetic Sports and Recreational Sports

This study focuses on the design and construction of durable recreational seating using reinforced concrete, addressing the limitations of traditional materials such as wood and metal, which are prone to environmental degradation and high maintenance costs. Reinforced concrete is known for its durability, strength, and resistance to harsh weather conditions, making it an ideal material for public seating in outdoor environments. Several key tests were conducted to assess the performance of the concrete mix used in this project. Sieve analysis confirmed that the fine and coarse aggregates were well-graded, ensuring optimal compaction and strength. The slump test,conducted with a water-cement ratio of 0.6, produced a slump value of 150 mm, indicating medium workability. This level of workability is suitable for concrete that requires easy placement and proper compaction without segregation or excessive bleeding. The compressive strength test at 7 days yielded a compressive strength of 15.81 MPa, demonstrating the early strength development of the concrete. However, compressive strength results for the 14-day and 28-day tests are still pending, as the remaining cubes are currently in the curing tank. These results will provide further insights into the long-term strength and performance of the concrete once the curing process is completed. Preliminary findings suggest that reinforced concrete is an excellent choice for recreational seating due to its ability to provide long-lasting durability and reduced maintenance. The combination of well-graded aggregates, an optimal water-cement ratio, and promising early compressive strength indicates that this material will perform well under both static and dynamic loads typically encountered in public seating.

The cost of rural environmental degradation in China: An integrated evaluation framework and city-level case study

The comprehensive assessment of the impact and cost of environmental degradation in rural areas has been infrequently undertaken. This study establishes a systematic evaluation framework integrating the perspectives of Three Rural Issues and rural environmental elements. The evaluation framework encompasses five subsystems related to the rural atmospheric environment, water environment, soil environment, waste treatment, and CO2 emissions, enabling a quantitative and holistic assessment of environmental degradation costs in rural settings. The evaluation method advances classical frameworks by incorporating an environmental resource-pressure-wellbeing perspective and integrating rural-specific indicators alongside well-established estimation modules. A case study revealed that the environmental degradation cost in rural China amounted to 840.89 billion China Yuan in 2022, representing 7.71 % of the primary industry value added and reflecting a 24.93 % decrease from 2015. Additionally, the city-level evaluation highlights disparities in environmental development and explores the influence of socioeconomic factors on rural environmental degradation. This study provides valuable valuation methods and decision-making references to support environmental improvement and sustainable development within the agriculture-rural sector.

Holistic Management of Wastewater Pollution Through Biological Treatment: A Sustainable Future

ABSTRACTThe global population is increasing at an elevated speed leading to the expansion of urbanization at the cost of environmental degradation, especially aquatic ecosystem pollution due to the enhanced discharge of wastewater. These aquatic ecosystems are primarily polluted by potentially toxic elements, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, dyes, plastics, pesticides, organic compounds, and molecules present in fertilizers, household wastes, industrial effluents, and sewage discharge. The enhanced deterioration of water bodies has led to the search for natural solutions for a sustainable ecosystem. The utilization of the natural microbial flora of the aquatic ecosystem for remediation, more popularly known as bioremediation, is of global interest because of its cost‐effectiveness and eco‐friendly approach. Bioremediation can be broadly categorized into bacterial remediation, mycoremediation, and phytoremediation and is more commonly studied for soil pollution. However, in this review, we discuss bioremediation techniques and mechanisms with respect to water pollution. Aquatic microbes utilize the toxic components present in wastewater as a substrate for their own metabolism by acting as a biologically active methylator or by chemical alteration of the toxicants into less harmful products, thus degrading the toxic environmental pollutants into nontoxic products thereby eliminating their detrimental effects. Microalgae used in phytoremediation also help to elevate the dissolved oxygen level in the aquatic ecosystem thereby reducing the probability of eutrophication. This review represents the study of diverse pollutants remediation and a method involving microbial consortia in a bioreactor for optimum efficacy at minimum cost.

Yield and Nitrogen Uptake of Wheat as Influenced by Nitrogen, Vermicompost and Biofertilizer Application at Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal

High cost, unavailability, and imbalance use of chemical fertilizers and environmental degradation are challenging sustainability of wheat production in Nepal. Integration of vermicompost, biofertilizer (Azotobacter chrococcom) and chemical fertilizer can improve the situation. A field experiment was conducted to assess the combined application of vermicompost, chemical fertilizer and biofertilizer on the growth, yield, and nitrogen uptake of wheat at Rampur Chitwan from November 2021 to April 2022. The experiment was laid out in a strip-split plot design with five N levels as horizontal factors (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% of recommended dose), two vermicompost levels (0 and 5 t ha-1) as the vertical factor, and two biofertilizer levels (with and without application) as the sub-plot factor with three replications. Data on growth, yield attributes and yield of wheat, nitrogen uptake were collected, analyzed and presented. The research result revealed a significant influence of biofertilizer and nitrogen levels on grain yield of wheat. Full dose of nitrogen resulted a significantly higher grain yield (4441.71 kg ha-1) than other nitrogen levels (0, 25, 50, 75 % of recommended dose with grain yield 2792.11, 2982.20, 3771.17. 4231.63 kg ha-1 respectively). Biofertilizer application had significantly higher grain yield (3726.76 kg ha-1) compared with no biofertilizer application (3560 kg ha-1). There was significant interactions between biofertilizer application and nitrogen levels on number of grains per spike and sterility percent of wheat. The number of grain per spike was highest with 100% recommended N with biofertilizer application (47.52 grains/spike) followed by 75 % recommended N with biofertilizer application (46.53 grains/spike). The sterility % was lowest (6.47 %) with 100 % N with biofertilizer application followed by 75 % N with biofertilizer application (6.72 %). Total nitrogen uptake was significantly higher (119.04 kg ha-1) for full dose of nitrogen as compared with lower nitrogen levels (0, 25. 50, 75 % recommended N levels). Biofertilizer application also resulted in significantly higher nitrogen uptake (89.89 kg ha-1) as compared with no Biofertilizer application (79.89 kg ha-1). Integration of biofertilizer, with chemical fertilizer 75 - 100 % recommended N level could increase the growth, yield, and nitrogen uptake of wheat in Chitwan.

Towards sustainable fruit production: Identifying challenges and optimization strategies

CONTEXTThe transition to sustainable fruit production is vital for global sustainability and agricultural development. However, implementing these insights into practice faces significant challenges. OBJECTIVESPomelo (Citrus maxima), a prominent citrus species in tropical and subtropical regions, has been cultivated to enhance farmer profitability but increasing yields often comes at the cost of environmental degradation. This study uses pomelo as a case study to assess key factors influencing pomelo production and establish optimal practices that meet consumption-based food while co-benefits for environmental and economic sustainability. METHODSA comprehensive study was conducted by combining 1155 farm surveys (from 2010, 2018, and 2022) with 31 field experiments. Life cycle assessment (LCA), classification and regression tree (CART) analysis, and scenario analysis were employed to develop pathways for sustainable pomelo production in Pinghe County, Fujian Province, China. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONSResults show no significant differences in pomelo yield across the three years; however, pomelo production in 2022 demonstrated a 60 %–67 % lower in environmental footprints and a 64 %–76 % higher benefit-cost ratio (BCR) compared to 2010 and 2018. Tree age was identified as a critical factor influencing pomelo yield, with optimal yields observed in trees older than 12.5 years. The rate of phosphorus fertilizer application was a key determinant of the phosphorus footprint (PF), which was positively correlated with phosphorus fertilizer rates. Similarly, nitrogen fertilizer application significantly impacted both carbon and nitrogen footprints (CF and NF) as well as the BCR. CF and NF increased with higher nitrogen fertilizer rates, while BCR exhibited a negative correlation with nitrogen fertilizer application. Implementing Science and Technology Backyards (STB) followed by farmer training of slightly more than pomelo nutrient requirements practice (SNRP) or coordinate management by farmers and researchers of matching pomelo nutrients requirement practice (MNRP) had 50 %–91 % lower environmental footprints per ton of pomelo produced and 15 %–44 % higher BCR compared to current farming practices (FP) via reducing 46 %–77 % N, 49 %–92 % P2O5, and 42 %–73 % K2O per hectare. Moreover, adopting 100 % MNRP in pomelo production, along with sustainable fertilizer practices and the implementation of innovative fertilizers, could reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (0.76 Tg), reactive nitrogen (Nr) emissions (8.76 Gg), phosphorus (P) losses (0.84 Gg), and augment net ecosystem economic benefits (NEEB) (0.94 billion CNY) at the county scale. SIGNIFICANCEOur study provides evidence-based strategies for achieving sustainable pomelo production through multi-stakeholder collaboration of STB, government, enterprises, and smallholders.

Sustainable Paddy Farming in Edirne: Evaluating the Impacts of Excessive Fertilizer and Pesticide Use

This study examines the environmental and economic impacts of chemical fertilizer and pesticide use in paddy fields in Edirne Province, Türkiye. Chemical fertilizers, especially nitrogen and phosphorus, are crucial for boosting paddy yield and ensuring food security. However, recent trends indicate significant potassium deficiency and excessive pesticide use, leading to environmental degradation and higher production costs. Incorrect fertilization techniques and pesticide usage can lower product quality and yield, adversely affecting farmers’ incomes and the national economy. Surveying 139 paddy farmers, the research found that farmers apply the herbicidal active ingredients Tefuryltrione, Clomazone, Tembotrione, and Quinclorac at rates of 129.35%, 34.27%, 18.06%, and 155.29% above the recommended levels, respectively. The excessive use of pesticides costs each farmer an additional USD 925.67, totaling USD 5.32 million for Edirne. The majority of farmers (69.2%) do not conduct soil analysis, indicating a potential gap in adopting the best practices for soil management and fertilization. Farmers use 84% less potassium than recommended while applying nitrogen and phosphorus 13% and 14% above the recommended levels, respectively. The extra cost of fertilizer use in Edirne is calculated as USD 833,135.49. This situation harms the economy and may have adverse effects on the environment and potential health effects on consumers.

Suggestion for Farmers to the Adoption of Solar Pumps in Jodhpur District of Rajasthan, India

The Jodhpur district of Rajasthan is where the research investigation was conducted. There are seven tehsils in the Rajasthani district of Jodhpur. The two tehsils with the most solar pumps built were Osian and Balesar. Ten villages from each selected tehsil were selected based on which villages would most benefit from solar pumps. Due to their abundance of solar pumps, twenty communities were picked, and among them, one hundred twenty-five (125) responders were chosen. The research paper outlines some recommendations for enhancing the program's management as well as issues farmers ran across when adopting solar pumps. The adoption of solar pumps in agriculture is a promising and sustainable solution to address multiple challenges faced by farmers and the environment. Traditional irrigation methods often rely on fossil fuels or grid electricity, contributing to environmental degradation and high operational costs. Solar pumps, powered by renewable energy, offer a compelling alternative that can enhance agricultural productivity, reduce carbon emissions, and improve the livelihoods of farmers. This article explores the benefits of adopting solar pumps and provides suggestions for their widespread implementation.

Towards Sustainable Industry: A Comprehensive Review of Energy–Economy–Environment System Analysis and Future Trends

Industry, encompassing various sectors like agriculture, manufacturing, and services, is crucial for economic growth and societal progress. However, industrial growth often comes at the cost of environmental degradation and energy resource depletion, ignoring the need for sustainable development. This study analyzed 131 articles published from 2004 to 2023, using the energy–economy–environment (3E) method to explore industrial research trends. The primary focus of industrial 3E research is on environmental impact and sustainable development, particularly related to energy consumption. This field covers various topics like systems, efficiency, optimization, and others. LCA methods and system dynamics models are commonly used in research method innovation. This study summarizes the main viewpoints of industrial 3E research and highlights future research directions and priorities, including transitions to areas like agriculture, fisheries, and renewable energy and combining evaluation and prediction methods with 3E methods, conducting large-scale system research, and examining coupling relationships within and between industrial systems.

Economics Analysis of Pollution Control Needs Towards a Balance Development

In the pursuit of economic progress, pollution has emerged as a formidable challenge, threatening both human health and environmental stability. This study examines the economic analysis of pollution control, emphasizing the crucial need to harmonize development with environmental preservation. Through a thorough exploration of pollution's effects and its wide-ranging impacts on human health and ecosystems, this research highlights the pressing requirement for implementing pollution taxes. These taxes serve as pivotal instruments in addressing the externalities caused by pollution, ensuring that genuine environmental costs influence economic decision-making. The study's findings underscore the significant toll of pollution on human well-being, encompassing various health complications and incurring substantial social and healthcare costs. Furthermore, environmental degradation resulting from pollution significantly impacts economic sectors such as agriculture, tourism, and overall productivity. This analysis elucidates the intricate relationship between pollution control, economic growth, and sustainable development. It stresses the necessity of integrating pollution control measures into economic policies to foster a more balanced and resilient development trajectory. The research advocates for a holistic approach that integrates economic incentives, stringent regulations, technological advancements, and community involvement to effectively curb pollution. By emphasizing the role of pollution taxes and acknowledging the true costs of environmental degradation, policymakers can pave the way for a more sustainable and harmonious coexistence between economic progress and environmental preservation.

Economics Analysis of Pollution Control Needs Towards a Balance Development

In the pursuit of economic progress, pollution has emerged as a formidable challenge, threatening both human health and environmental stability. This study examines the economic analysis of pollution control, emphasizing the crucial need to harmonize development with environmental preservation. Through a thorough exploration of pollution’s effects and its wide-ranging impacts on human health and ecosystems, this research highlights the pressing requirement for implementing pollution taxes. These taxes serve as pivotal instruments in addressing the externalities caused by pollution, ensuring that genuine environmental costs influence economic decision-making. The study’s findings underscore the significant toll of pollution on human well-being, encompassing various health complications and incurring substantial social and healthcare costs. Furthermore, environmental degradation resulting from pollution significantly impacts economic sectors such as agriculture, tourism, and overall productivity. This analysis elucidates the intricate relationship between pollution control, economic growth, and sustainable development. It stresses the necessity of integrating pollution control measures into economic policies to foster a more balanced and resilient development trajectory. The research advocates for a holistic approach that integrates economic incentives, stringent regulations, technological advancements, and community involvement to effectively curb pollution. By emphasizing the role of pollution taxes and acknowledging the true costs of environmental degradation, policymakers can pave the way for a more sustainable and harmonious coexistence between economic progress and environmental preservation.

HESS Opinions: The unsustainable use of groundwater conceals a “Day Zero”

Abstract. Water scarcity is a pressing global issue driven by increasing water demands and changing climate conditions. Based on novel estimates of water availability and water use in Chile, we examine the challenges and risks associated with groundwater (GW) withdrawals in the country's central-north region (27–35° S), where extreme water stress conditions prevail. As total water use within a basin approaches the renewable freshwater resources, the dependence on GW reserves intensifies in unsustainable ways. This overuse has consequences that extend beyond mere resource depletion, manifesting into environmental degradation, societal conflict, and economic costs. We argue that the “Day Zero” scenario, often concealed by the uncertain attributes of GW resources, calls for a reconsideration of water allocation rules and a broader recognition of the long-term implications of unsustainable GW use. Our results offer insights for regions worldwide facing similar water scarcity challenges and emphasize the importance of proactive and sustainable water management strategies.

Evaluation and Driving Forces of Ecosystem Service Change in Maqu Alpine Wetland: An Emergy Approach

Wetlands are among the most productive ecosystems on Earth, providing various key ecosystem services to humans and other organisms. However, an insufficient understanding of the economic value and importance of wetland resources has seriously weakened the ecosystem service value of wetlands. Thus, a more comprehensive understanding of wetland ecosystem services must be revealed in order to propose appropriate conservation policies. Therefore, to achieve the abovementioned goals, we used the emergy value accounting method to account for the ecosystem service value of the Maqu alpine wetlands, and the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index was used to analyze the driving forces affecting changes in ecosystem services. The results indicate that the ecosystem service value of the Maqu alpine wetlands showed a trend of decline and then rebound during 1990–2020; its unit area emergy value decreased from 3.85 × 1010 sej/m2/y to 3.04 × 1010 sej/m2/y during 1990–2000, and after 2010, it began to gradually rebound. Moreover, the monetary ecosystem service value of the Maqu alpine wetlands continued to rise during the study period, reaching 41.45 USD/m2/y in 2020, thus reflecting the great potential value of wetland ecosystems. Based on our analysis, the key drivers affecting the changes in ecosystem services include economic scale and emergy benefit. Rapid and intensive human activities have boosted local economic development, but these developments have come at the cost of environmental degradation. Finally, some suggestions are proposed. This study suggests that the alpine wetlands in Maqu occupy an important ecological position within the whole Yellow River basin. Therefore, it is worthwhile to invest a significant amount of funding in their restoration and protection.

Nitrogen uptake in lentil cultivar mixtures is not predictable from pure stands performance but is correlated with agronomic parameters and experimental conditions

BackgroundIn the context of rising costs of raw materials and environmental degradation caused by livestock farming, the agri-food sector faces significant challenges in sourcing sustainable proteins. Grain legumes have emerged as cost-effective protein sources, with lower water footprint and GHG emissions compared to animal sources. However, their cultivation is threatened by strong yield fluctuations. Leveraging intra-specific diversity through cultivar mixtures in cropping systems can effectively buffer biotic and abiotic stresses, hence increasing yield stability. In this study, we investigate the effect of intra-specific diversity on lentil nitrogen uptake under pot (2020) and field conditions (2021). We hypothesize that cultivars with higher affinity for nitrogen fixation influence the other components of the mixture, and that nitrogen uptake dynamics are a possible driver in modulating cultivar mixture behaviour. We designed two-, three-, and four-cultivar mixtures with a trait-blind approach and compared them to sole cultivars.Results and conclusionsOur results show inconsistencies across the two experimental years, indicating that lentils may shift their nitrogen source from the atmosphere to the soil when grown in pots. Mixtures 15N enrichment was not always consistent with pure stand performance, suggesting that cultivar mixtures may have an unpredictable cumulative effect on nitrogen uptake. Regarding correlations with agronomic parameters, we observed a significant correlation between nodules number and nitrogen concentration, regardless of experimental conditions. Finally, we found that 15N excess emerged as a significant predictor for pure stands’ yield, but the differences were diluted with the increase in diversity levels. The findings on 15N enrichment responses, cultivar impacts, and complex mixture effects on soil microbiota underscore the need for further research.

Heterogeneous environmental consciousness, carbon permit adoption, and endogenous growth: A case of China

Motivated by low participation rate in China’s pilot Emission Trading Schemes (ETS), yet there being ample empirical evidence of carbon permit activities having an impact on firms’ technological innovation choice, we develop a novel endogenous growth model with carbon accumulation where both the green behaviors of non-corporate individuals and carbon permit adoption choice of corporate owners are influenced by heterogeneous environmental consciousness. Calibrated for China based on ETS price data, we examine the impacts of both long-run policy experiments and short-run cyclicality associated with carbon permit prices. we find that long-term greater ETS trading affordability would incentivize more firms to participate and bring about a reduction in carbon ratio, though it is still largely bounded by the conventional environment-growth trade-off that it requires supplementing it with other policies. In the short run, we find that higher carbon permit trading price would be procyclical to economic expansion but at the cost of environmental degradation too. In combination, this presents a policy dilemma: while improving ETS trading affordability is a long-run policy priority in China, in the short-run, absent fundamental changes, the procyclicality between carbon permit price and economic growth would serve as counteracting forces to this.

Societal sustainable development and long‐run economic growth: How do we stand?

AbstractThe United Nations' 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development proposes the ambitious goal of an inclusive and sustainable economy. Thus, a realistic assessment of individual countries' possibilities to implement the Sustainable Development Goals might provide helpful insights. We seek to contribute to the existing literature by proposing a working framework for assessing, at the individual country level, the impact of long‐run economic growth on societal sustainable development. The framework is based on composite models from the Structural Equation Modeling‐SEM with a Partial Least Squares Path Modeling (PLS‐PM) estimator. In contrast, societal sustainable development is viewed as emerging from its various dimensions (environmental protection, human development and public health). Based on the analyses of an extended sample of 99 countries, including data for thirty years (from 1990 to 2019), we find that economic growth matters in explaining societal sustainable development, and different countries have benefited unequally from this situation. The key finding reveals that countries aiming to follow the SDGs should recognize their significant disparities and engage in profound structural, institutional, functional and cultural transformations. Thus, a more holistic approach to societal sustainable development is currently needed to enhance government effectiveness as a transmission channel for the impact of growth. In addition, governments need to adjust their economic mechanisms to internalize the costs of environmental degradation and negative externalities for human development and public health.

Green Growth, Environmental Quality, Energy Consumption Nexus in OECD Countries

Sustainable economic development is desirably terrible for improving social welfare. It implies that economic development should not be at the cost of environmental degradation, but rather environmental sustainability should be maintained. This study has examined the green growth, environmental quality, and energy consumption nexus in 38 OECD countries using panel data from 1991 to 2020. We have estimated two models. The first model explores the impact of green growth on environmental quality and the second model probes the link between non-green growth and environmental degradation. For this purpose, the ARDL technique has been used to estimate the results. Green growth has not followed the environmental Kuznut Curve theory while Non-Green growth has validated the environmental Kuznut Curve theory. Furthermore, Environmentally friendly technological innovation, renewable energy consumption, environmental-related tax, and human capital turn out with negative signs while foreign direct investment and trade openness are positively related to environmental degradation. The study also suggests policies to decarbonize or minimize the emissions in the economies.

Role of mineral-based industrialization in promoting economic growth: Implications for achieving environmental sustainability and social equity

This research's problem statement centers on balancing economic development with environmental protection and social well-being. As mineral resources represent a crucial driver of economic growth in these regions, examining how their exploitation impacts economic indicators and the broader dimensions of sustainability and equity is imperative. Over the past decade (2010–2020), the role of mineral-based industrialization in fostering economic growth has garnered significant attention, particularly in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. This study delves into the complex interplay between mineral-based industrialization, environmental sustainability, and social equity in these regions, employing the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model as a critical analytical tool. The results of this study reveal multifaceted insights. While mineral-based industrialization has indeed contributed to economic growth in these regions, the environmental implications are significant. Often, the extraction and processing of minerals come at the cost of environmental degradation, posing challenges to sustainability. Moreover, the distribution of benefits from this growth is often unequal, exacerbating social inequities. This research underscores the complex dynamics surrounding mineral-based industrialization in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. It highlights the need for a nuanced approach considering economic growth, environmental sustainability, and social equity. Policymakers and stakeholders must carefully navigate these challenges to ensure that mineral resources serve as catalysts for comprehensive and inclusive development in the future.

Drivers of green economy in an emerging market: Generic and sector-specific insights

The study examines the drivers of the green economy generally and with a focus on sectors regarded as environmental-sensitive hotspots like waste, agriculture, forestry, energy, and transport sectors. The study was grounded on both the natural resource-based view and institutional theories. Creswell's (2014) thematic analysis and the graphic framework of Miles and Huberman (1984, 1994) were used to address the respective objectives of the study. A total of 10 interviewees were selected purposively based on their expertise and the institutions in question who provided responses that were analysed. The results show that the three generic drivers of the green economy include pollution prevention revealed by the impact of climate change, and environmental degradation cost, environmental stewardship portrayed by inefficient resource utilization and global demand for change, as well as, sustainable development manifesting from a futuristic drive, a focus on people-planet-profit, and rejection of environmentally unfriendly development models. The findings further reveal the differences and interrelatedness of the drivers of the green economy within the 5 hotspot sectors under investigation. The results of the study reveal that there are different and sector-specific strategies that policymakers and practitioners have to apply in their quest to drive a green economy at the central government, local government and grassroots levels. The study proposes the development of a comprehensive national green economy policy and also the promotion of peer-to-peer knowledge transfer networks structured as Communities of Practice. This study is one of the few that explores the concept of the green economy within the macroeconomic level and is novel in attaching theoretical lenses.

Green GDP Calculation Methods and Practical Applications Based on an Environmental Perspective

In using the traditional GDP to measure the health of the country, the impact of ecological pressures is ignored. As the economy grows and the ecological environment deteriorates, it forces us to shift to green GDP to measure the health of the economy so that it can reflect sustainable growth in the economic environment. To address the many challenges of green growth and sustainable development, this paper evaluates the relationship between GDP and resources and the environment by using the development of a green GDP model. We have chosen an accounting model of (GGDP), using which we include the cost of environmental pollution, the cost of resource depletion, and the cost of environmental improvement. This model is then monetized and the final model obtained provides a new method for quantifying the cost of environmental and resource degradation, demonstrating that GGDP can be used as a primary measure of economic health and can measure the impact on climate mitigation.

A study of the GeGDP problem base on the LightGBM regression

This study uses AHP hierarchy analysis to select three indicators as the measurement standard of green GDP: GDP, resource consumption and reduction cost and environmental degradation cost, and analyzes the weight of green GDP indicators and the importance of the three indicators. With GeGDP as the main indicator of a country's economic health, a Lasso regression model is established to analyze the predicted global climate mitigation impacts. Then, this paper establishes LightGBPGBM regression model to predict the future GeGDP and GDP of the United States, and uses r square and other indicators to test the accuracy of the model, and makes a human correlation analysis of GeGDP and GDP before and after the prediction, to analyze the degree of correlation between the two. Finally, taking the United States as an example, we substituted relevant data into the LightGBM regression model developed above, predicted its value, and conducted one-way analysis of variance on it to determine the degree of change before and after. This study uses AHP hierarchy analysis to select three indicators as the measurement standard of green GDP: GDP, resource consumption and reduction cost and environmental degradation cost, and analyzes the weight of green GDP indicators and the importance of the three indicators. With GeGDP as the main indicator of a country's economic health, a Lasso regression model is established to analyze the predicted global climate mitigation impacts. Then, this paper establishes LightGBPGBM regression model to predict the future GeGDP and GDP of the United States, and uses r square and other indicators to test the accuracy of the model, and makes a human correlation analysis of GeGDP and GDP before and after the prediction, to analyze the degree of correlation between the two. Finally, taking the United States as an example, we substituted relevant data into the LightGBM regression model developed above, predicted its value, and conducted one-way analysis of variance on it to determine the degree of change before and after.