Cost-effective Pathway Research Articles

Iron-Catalyzed SO2-Retaining Smiles Rearrangement through Decarboxylation.

Radical Smiles rearrangements have emerged as powerful methodologies for constructing carbon-carbon bonds through intramolecular radical addition and fragmentation under milder conditions, with SO2 released as a byproduct. However, SO2-retaining Smiles rearrangements, which can yield valuable alkyl sulfone derivatives, have been scarcely explored. In this study, we present an unprecedented iron-catalyzed SO2-retaining Smiles rearrangement initiated by the decarboxylation of aliphatic carboxylic acids. This approach provides a mild, cost-effective, and versatile pathway to sulfone-containing compounds, demonstrating broad substrate scope and functional group tolerance. It offers a promising strategy for synthesizing γ- and δ-aryl substituted alkyl sulfones, which are traditionally challenging to produce.

Efficient and Cost-Effective Synthesis of N-Acetyllactosamine by Sequential Modular Enzymatic Cascade Reactions Involving NTP Regeneration.

Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) play important roles in the development of infants, which are the third most abundant component in human milk. N-Acetyllactosamine (LacNAc) is an important intermediate for the biosynthesis of other HMOs and antigens. Since currently appropriate synthetic methods for large-scale production of LacNAc are not available, it is urgently needed to develop an efficient and cost-effective synthetic pathway for LacNAc preparation. In this study, a cost-effective pathway of LacNAc synthesis involving regeneration of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and uridine 5'-triphosphate (UTP) was established. After optimizing the reaction conditions, LacNAc was synthesized at a yield of >90% via a sequential one-pot multienzyme (OPME) method with crude enzymes at 100 mM substrates. Finally, LacNAc was produced efficiently and cost-effectively at a 5 L scale. This strategy would possibly meet the requirements of potential industrial production of LacNAc and would provide guidance for the production of other structurally complex HMOs or functional oligosaccharides in the future.

Lithiation-driven cascade dissolution coprecipitation of sulfide superionic conductors

We present a Li2S-free and cost-effective wet chemistry method for the preparation of sulfide solid electrolytes (SSEs), which addresses a major challenge in the commercialization of all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs). Our method universally synthesizes various electrolytes, including LixMS4 (M = P, Sb, or Si) and Li6PS5X (X = Cl, Br, or I). It particularly produces Li6PS5Cl of high quality (5.7 mS cm−1 of ionic conductivity at 25°C) at a material cost of one-tenth of previously reported methods. The synthesis process, featuring a cascade-dissolution-coprecipitation mechanism, is investigated using analytical techniques for soluble intermediates and sediment products. The Li6PS5Cl-based pellet ASSBs with a LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 cathode and a Li-In anode provide high initial capacity (190 mAh g−1 at a 0.1C rate, 55°C) and hold a capacity retention of > 80% after 1,000 cycles at a 2.0C rate. Additionally, a 0.7 Ah pouch cell with a silver/carbon anode exhibits a remarkable energy density (352.8 Wh kg−1 at 45°C). This solvent-based and Li2S-free synthetic process proposes a cost-effective pathway toward sustainable mass production for synthesizing SSEs.

Single-mode chirped high-contrast metastructure VCSEL for 106 Gbps PAM4 transmission

Short-reach optical interconnects, employing an 850 nm wavelength multimode vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) and multimode fiber (MMF), are confronted with transmission distance limitation as the transmission speed increases. Achieving higher speeds over the same transmission distance necessitates a significant enhancement in the fiber’s effective bandwidth, resulting in substantial costs. Employing single-mode VCSEL with single-mode fiber transmission presents as a more economically viable solution. Here we report, to our knowledge, the first demonstration of an 850 nm single-mode VCSEL using a chirped high-contrast metastructure (HCM) as the top mirror with spatially graded reflectivity to suppress higher-order modes. The chirped HCM top reflector is designed to favor lasing of the fundamental mode. We show stable single-mode lasing with a >40dB side mode suppression ratio (SMSR) up to 15 times threshold current and an open eye through a short single-mode fiber SM800 transmission at 106 Gbps PAM4 modulation. This study highlights the potential for scalable single-mode VCSEL in advanced optical interconnects, providing a cost-effective pathway for high-speed applications.

Breakthroughs in Low-Cost Hydrogen Production Methods for Fuel Cells

Traditional hydrogen production, like steam methane reforming (SMR), is limited by high greenhouse gas emissions and fossil fuel dependency. However, integrating renewable energy with innovative production technologies offers a more sustainable and cost-effective pathway. Electrolysis, powered by renewable sources such as wind and solar, is a promising method that has seen efficiency improvements through advancements in proton exchange membrane (PEM) and anion exchange membrane (AEM) technologies. Additionally, research into thermochemical water splitting, which utilizes high-temperature heat from solar or nuclear energy, presents a scalable alternative for industrial hydrogen production. Biological hydrogen production using microorganisms, such as algae and bacteria, offers further innovation by leveraging natural processes for hydrogen generation. The integration of renewable energy into hydrogen production not only lowers costs but also provides an effective means of energy storage, contributing to grid stability and reducing reliance on fossil fuels. This paper explores recent breakthroughs in low-cost hydrogen production methods, essential for advancing the hydrogen economy and promoting fuel cells as a clean energy solution.

Dual magnetoelectric antenna array with enhanced bandwidth and sensitivity for low-frequency communications

The magnetoelectric coupling effect demonstrated immense potential for miniaturizing antenna applications. However, due to the resonant nature of magnetoelectric (ME) antennas, their bandwidth tended to be relatively narrow. To address this limitation, our study introduced an array design based on coupled ME antennas. A tri-layer FeGa–PZT8–FeGa laminate structure was employed to construct the ME antennas, which utilized inter-array coupling to broaden the frequency range. Both the central frequency and sensitivity of the array structure were theoretically analyzed, and two methods for extending the frequency were proposed. By coupling two ME antennas of similar frequency in the series mode, the arrayed ME antennas exhibited enhanced sensitivity, increasing from 0.225 and 0.247 to 0.413 mV/nT, and an expanded bandwidth from 0.92–1.03 to 1.4 kHz, indicating improved performance through combined configuration. On the other hand, by coupling two ME antennas of different frequencies together in the series mode, a dual-frequency (97.8/98.97 kHz) ME antenna array was formed. The communication capabilities of the ME antenna array under weak magnetic fields were demonstrated using amplitude shift keying and frequency shift keying modulation methods. The designed array of ME antennas elevated low-frequency communication performance and possessed excellent magnetic field detection capabilities, thereby offering a cost-effective technological pathway for bioelectronic and marine communication design.

A cost-effective climate mitigation pathway for China with co-benefits for sustainability

Climate mitigation policies have broad environmental and socioeconomic impacts and thus underpin progress towards the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Through national-scale integrated modeling, we explore the spillover effects of China’s long-term climate mitigation pathways (CMPs) on achieving all 17 SDGs, and then identify a cost-effective CMP for China with co-benefits for sustainability. Our analysis indicates that the 9 original CMPs and 180 bundled CMPs can both substantially boost the SDGs, resulting in an increase of 6.33–8.86 and 5.90–9.33 points in overall SDG score (0=no progress, 100=full achievement) by 2060, compared to the Reference pathway of 70.75 points, respectively. The identified cost-effective CMP deals with the trade-offs among sustainability, CO2 emissions and mitigation cost, and maximizes the synergies between them. This CMP can inform future directions for China’s policy-makers to maximize the potential synergies between carbon neutrality and long-term sustainable development.

Centrifugal directional freezing and pressure infiltration: Tailoring gradient structures and mechanical properties in Al/B4C composites

Inspired by the gradient structures found in natural materials like bone, this study presents a novel fabrication method combining centrifugal freeze casting and pressure infiltration to produce Al/B4C composites with a tunable gradient layered structure, effectively addressing the challenge of achieving both high strength and toughness in metal-matrix composites. By precisely controlling key parameters such as centrifugal speed, ceramic content, particle size distribution, and freezing temperature, we achieved a gradient transition from high hardness and strength in the outer layers to lower hardness and higher toughness in the inner layers, mimicking the performance characteristics of natural materials. Specifically, higher centrifugal speeds and multi-sized ceramic particles promoted a more pronounced gradient structure, with larger particles concentrating in the outer regions for enhanced strength. While increasing ceramic content improved overall strength, it also affected toughness, highlighting the need for optimization. Freezing temperature influenced the ice-crystal structure and interlayer ceramic bridging, impacting both the gradient and overall composite properties. The optimized composites exhibited a unique combination of low density, high strength, and exceptional fracture toughness, primarily attributed to strong interfacial bonding, effective crack deflection and metal bridging, and formation of an interpenetrating structure. This study provides a versatile, cost-effective and scalable pathway for fabricating bioinspired high-performance metal–ceramic composites.

Cost-effective and optimal pathways to selecting building microgrid components – The resilient, reliable, and flexible energy system under changing climate conditions

Amidst the changing climate conditions, electricity retailers-led demand response programs and the emergency backup power for possible grid outages are often discussed in isolation, although several underlying linkages exist, which are important for how the existing building stock evolves with the energy transition. This study navigates through the linkages while investigating the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE)-based building microgrid components and undertakes a comparative analysis of energy optimisation models with and without emergency diesel generators. It also examines the building energy system’s resilience, reliability, and flexibility by using OpenStudio and HOMER Grid to develop energy simulation and optimisation models and other probabilistic models for a chosen building archetype in Sydney, Australia. This study finds that excluding the emergency diesel generator will require a larger battery storage system, increasing LCOE from A$0.17/kWh to A$0.20/kWh across climate scenarios. However, the larger battery storage system increases the probability of surviving outages (> 4 h) by around 10 % across climate scenarios. The LCOE increases up to 45 % for outages up to 8 h across climate scenarios and up to 85 % for outages up to 12 h. Additionally, for the building archetype, the probability of grid purchase (below the current average) is 0.78 in 2030, which drops to 0.55 in 2050. The probability of grid sales (above the current average) also drops from 0.69 to 0.46. Thus, while the narratives around the building energy system’s flexibility overstate the electricity exchange between the building and the grid, this study finds that increasing the on-site production utilisation rate and larger battery throughput contributes to demand response application and flexibility.

A GIS-MCDA approach to map environmental suitability of Posidonia oceanica meadows as blue nature-based solutions in the Mediterranean eco-region

The growing environmental risks induced by interacting climate and human-induced pressures threaten the survival and growth of marine coastal ecosystems (MCEs) and the ecosystem services they provide. Nature-based solutions (NBS), consisting of ecosystem-based approaches, have emerged as vital tools for climate adaptation and mitigation facing biodiversity loss and societal challenges. Identifying suitable environmental conditions for implementing Blue-NBS in marine coastal areas is a key priority to drive robust and cost-effective nature-based adaptation pathways. This study developed a suitability model for Blue-NBS, with a specific focus on Posidonia oceanica meadows in the Mediterranean Sea under a baseline scenario. GIS-based Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) was applied for data integration and prioritization of different environmental variables in geomorphological (e.g., depth), water quality (WQ) (e.g., salinity), and climatic (e.g., thermal stress) sub-groups. Suitability classes and scores for each variable were determined using statistical distributions, ensuring a data-driven approach to defining environmental suitability. Variables' weights were derived from the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) based on expert judgment and then combined with scores to generate suitability maps for managing Blue-NBS on seagrasses. Depth was found to be the most dominant environmental variable, with shallow areas (e.g., Northern Adriatic, Gulf of Gabés) showing higher suitability. The southern part of the Mediterranean (e.g., Egypt) reported relatively low scores for both climate and WQ, while the Northern Adriatic had the lowest WQ scores. This study represents the first attempt to evaluate Blue-NBS suitability for seagrass meadows at the eco-regional scale with geomorphologic, WQ, and climatic variables, providing decision support for the selection and allocation of Blue-NBS in different environmental settings. The resulting environmental suitability maps represent a basis for the integration of socio-economic and governance-related indicators into a more complex, multi-tier approach to support NBS mainstreaming.

A cost-effectiveness comparison of renewable energy pathways for decarbonizing heavy-duty vehicles in China

Decarbonizing heavy-duty vehicles is becoming increasingly important, yet multiple renewable-based decarbonization pathways have not been compared systematically. To fill this gap, this study develops a techno-economic and environmental model that integrates the fuel cycle and vehicle cycle to assess these pathways for China. The model includes two energy storage technologies: batteries and hydrogen, three energy transmission options, and two vehicle types: fuel cell electric vehicles and battery electric vehicles. Five distinct low-carbon pathways are evaluated on a ton-kilometer basis, including cost, greenhouse gas emissions, and abatement cost relative to conventional diesel trucks. Results indicate that the most cost-effective battery electric vehicle pathway offers a 7 % lower ton-km cost than diesel trucks for a 49-ton gross vehicle weight. Battery electric vehicle charging combined with hydrogen for power generation is more cost-effective than direct use of hydrogen in fuel cell electric vehicles. All studied pathways can achieve over 80 % emission reduction compared to diesel trucks, with fuel cell electric vehicle pathways having the highest abatement costs of 103–117 USD/tonCO2. Analysis of the impact of gross vehicle weight and vehicle range indicates that battery electric vehicle pathways outperform fuel cell electric vehicle pathways across most dimensions. Costs of battery electric vehicle pathways do increase sharply for vehicle ranges beyond about 700 km, and fuel cell electric vehicles become more cost-effective relative to battery electric vehicles for ranges above approximately 1100 km, although all pathways are much more costly than diesel trucks at long ranges. The sensitivity analysis highlights the importance of powertrain efficiency and cost projections show that fuel cell electric heavy-duty vehicles can achieve cost-parity before 2030. These results highlight the desirability of promoting the adoption of heavier battery electric vehicles and providing more targeted subsidies for long-range fuel cell electric vehicles.

Physiotherapy-led care versus physician-led care for persons with low back pain: A systematic review

Objective To summarise the evidence on the effect of physiotherapy-led versus physician-led care on clinical outcomes, healthcare use, and costs in persons with low back pain. Data sources PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, Embase, and PEDro were systematically searched with the latest search performed in July 2024. Reference lists of articles were hand-searched. Review methods Studies comparing clinical outcomes, healthcare use, or costs between adults with low back pain first consulting a physiotherapist and those first consulting a physician were included. Methodological quality was assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Study design, clinical setting, patient characteristics, and group effects were extracted. Findings on outcomes assessed in two or more studies were synthesised narratively. Certainty of evidence was determined using the GRADE approach. Results Eighteen studies comprising 1,481,980 persons with low back pain were included. Most studies were non-randomised retrospective or prospective cohort studies. In primary care (15 studies), consistent evidence, though of mostly very low certainty, indicated that physiotherapy-led care leads to higher patient satisfaction, less use of medication, injections and imaging, fewer physician's visits, lower total healthcare costs, and less sick leave compared to physician-led care, without increased harm. In emergency care (three studies), evidence of very low certainty showed that physiotherapy-led care leads to shorter waiting and treatment times, and fewer hospital admissions. Conclusion Physiotherapy-led care is a clinically, time- and cost-effective care pathway for low back pain, although the certainty of evidence was overall very low. Further high-quality research with a greater focus on clinical outcomes is warranted.

Developing resilience pathways for interdependent infrastructure networks: A simulation-based approach with consideration to risk preferences of decision-makers

In this study, we propose a methodological framework to identify and evaluate cost-effective pathways for enhancing resilience in large-scale interdependent infrastructure systems, considering decision-makers’ risk preferences. We focus on understanding how decision-makers with varying risk preferences perceive the benefits from infrastructure resilience investments and compare them with upfront costs in the context of high-impact low-probability (HILP) events. First, we compute the costs of interventions as the sum of their capital costs and maintenance costs. The benefits of the interventions include the reduction in physical damage costs and business disruption losses resulting from the improved resilience of the network. In the final stage, we develop statistical models to predict the perceived net benefits of different network resilience configurations in power, water, and transport networks. These models are employed in an optimization framework to identify optimal resilience investment pathways. By incorporating Cumulative Prospect Theory (CPT) in the optimization framework, we show that decision-makers who assign higher weights to low probability events tend to allocate more resources towards post-disaster recovery strategies leading to increased resilience against HILP events, like earthquakes. We illustrate the methodology using a case study of the interdependent infrastructure network in Shelby County, Tennessee.

A Decade of Advancement in Ruthenium (II)-Catalyzed Direct C-H Activation and Consequent C-C/C-N Bond Formation Using Microwave Heating

: Transition-metal catalysed activation of unreactive C-H bonds and subsequent C-C bond formation has emerged as a principal and essential tool in the field of synthetic organic chemistry. On the other hand, the microwave heating technique has been intensively used to carry out organic transformation of almost all kinds and has become a promising non-conventional technique for performing synthetic reactions. Direct C-H activation for C-C bond-forming reactions using ruthe-nium as a catalyst is currently a hot topic and represents a cost-effective synthetic pathway in or-ganic chemistry which is accompanied by the advantages of MW irradiation resulting in shorter reaction time and greener 3 as well as sustainable accomplishments.

Research on the energy transition pathways of the transportation sector in the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area, China

Energy transitions is an effective way to achieve sustainable development in the transportation sector. To explore the pathways to energy transitions in the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) transportation sector, the article evaluated the potential of energy savings and CO2 emission reduction of different measures in a quantitative way, based on the long-range energy alternatives planning (LEAP) platform. The marginal abatement cost curves are used to visually reflect the cost–benefit of these measures, and to develop cost-effective pathways to energy transitions. The results show that the measures of transportation modes adjustment and private cars regulating should be prioritized due to the potential of significant emission reduction with good cost-effectiveness. The measures of promoting electricity and hydrogen energy have large emission reduction potential, but only those for road traffic are cost-effective, and should be treated with a lower priority. Considering the high cost, the measures of promoting biofuel should be implemented as least priority. Moreover, the measures of liquefied natural gas (LNG) application have good cost-effectiveness, as opposed to limited CO2 emission reduction potential. It can only be used as a transitional fuel for the energy transitions. The findings and research methodology will provide theoretical support for the formulation of transportation energy transition pathways in the GBA and other regions.

On-Site Electrochemical Oxygen Reduction to Hydroxide and Hydrogen Peroxide for Sulfuryl Fluoride Solution Hydrolysis

Sulfuryl fluoride (SO2F2) has been largely used as a postharvest fumigant replacing methyl bromide (widely recognized among ozone-depleting substances). Sulfuryl fluoride, however, is a potent greenhouse gas with a Global Warming Potential (GWP) of ~ 5000 for a 100-year time zone far higher than that of carbon dioxide and methane. Ongoing pilot work showed that SO2F2 fumes vented from fumigation chambers can be captured and hydrolyzed by hydroxide (OH-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) solution at pH ~12 in a scrubber with a complete conversion into SO4 2- and F- as waste salts. The purchase, shipment, storage, and handling of concentrated stocks of H2O2 and NaOH for use in SO2F2 hydrolysis involve cost and safety concerns. Herein, we present an on-site, facile, and cost-effective pathway for the electrochemical production of OH- and H2O2 in large enough concentrations to fully degrade ~ 95% of SO2F2 captured. In that, we employed a commercial carbon catalyst that produced 250 mM H2O2 at pH 12.6 within 4 h with a Faradaic efficiency of 98.8% for O2 reduction to H2O2. We also propose a facile approach via surface oxidation of abundant carbon materials to significantly enhance both activity and selectivity for OH- and H2O2 production under electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction. These findings provide new insights in the on-site production of industrial chemicals by means of clean, facile, and environmentally friendly electrochemical pathway. Moreover, the capability of recycling the hazardous SO2F2 fumes and using the SO4 2- and F- waste products as free sources of electrolyte can’t be overemphasized.

Financial Assessment of Microgrid’s Independence using RES and Hydrogen-Based Energy Storage

The main difficulty that microgrids face is an economically feasible state of self-sustainability. The unpredictable behavior of dispersed Renewable Energy Sources (RES) and their stochasticity along with the usually high variability of electricity demand is a challenge for the stability of a microgrid. Therefore, innovative models for the development of energy systems that integrate new technologies in optimal and sustainable ways are required. Green hydrogen production is an emerging technology aiming to solve such problems through its use as a storage system within a viable business scheme. Integrating hydrogen production with RES and storage systems can enhance energy independence and economic opportunities. The focus of this paper is the proposal of a profitable financial scheme that leads to sufficient levels of the system’s independence from a main grid. Such an approach is implemented by a cost-effective pathway for a microgrid located in Crete through the simulation and investigation of its system that achieves high levels of selfsufficiency by incorporating RES backed by hydrogen-based energy storage. The proposed methodology relies on assessing the system’s sizing through the calculation of values that replicate its operation, with Net Present Value (NPV) serving as an indicator of the scheme’s profitability. The financial evaluation of the investment predicts, under specific assumptions, a total initial cost equal to 12,037,150.00 EUR, and an NPV of 20 years equal to 2,489,862,897.40 EUR.

Tandem Integration of Biological and Electrochemical Catalysis for Efficient Polyester Upcycling under Ambient Conditions.

Excessive production of waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) poses an ecological challenge, which necessitates developing technologies to extract the values from end-of-life PET. Upcycling has proven effective in addressing the low profitability of current recycling strategies, yet existing upcycling technologies operate under energy-intensive conditions. Here we report a cascade strategy to steer the transformation of PET waste into glycolate in an overall yield of 92.6% under ambient conditions. The cascade approach involves setting up a robust hydrolase with 95.6% PET depolymerization into ethylene glycol (EG) monomer within 12 h, followed by an electrochemical process initiated by a CO-tolerant Pd/Ni(OH)2 catalyst to convert the EG intermediate into glycolate with high Faradaic efficiency of 97.5%. Techno-economic analysis and life cycle assessment indicate that, compared with the widely adopted electrochemical technology that heavily relies on alkaline pretreatment for PET depolymerization, our designed enzymatic-electrochemical approach offers a cost-effective and low-carbon pathway to upgrade PET.

Evaluating the near- and long-term role of carbon dioxide removal in meeting global climate objectives

The 6th Assessment Report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change lacked sufficient land-sector scenario information to estimate total carbon dioxide removal deployment. Here, using a dataset of land-based carbon dioxide removal based on the scenarios assessed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, we show that removals via afforestation and reforestation play a critical near-term role in mitigation, accounting for around 10% (median) of the net greenhouse gas emission reductions between 2020 and 2030 in scenarios that limit warming to 1.5 °C with limited overshoot. Novel carbon dioxide removal technologies such as direct air carbon capture and storage scale to multi-gigatonne levels by 2050 and beyond to balance residual emissions and draw down warming. We show that reducing fossil fuel and deforestation emissions (gross emissions) accounts for over 80% of net greenhouse gas reductions until global net zero carbon dioxide (CO2) independent of climate objective stringency. We explore the regional distributions of gross emissions and total carbon dioxide removal in cost-effective mitigation pathways and highlight the importance of incorporating fairness and broader sustainability considerations in future assessments of mitigation pathways with carbon dioxide removal.

Elucidating the enduring transformations in cellulose-based carbon nanofibers through prolonged isothermal treatment

This study investigates the conversion of highly acetylated sugarcane bagasse into high-modulus carbon nanofibers (CnNFs) with exceptional electrical conductivity. By electrospinning the bagasse into nanofibers with diameters ranging from 80 nm to 800 nm, a cost-effective CnNFs precursor is obtained. The study reveals the transformation of the cellulose crystalline structure into a stable antiparallel chain arrangement of cellulose II following prolonged isothermal treatment, leading to a remarkable 50 % increase in CnNFs recovery with carbon contents ranging from 80 % to 90 %. This surpasses the performance of any other reported biomass precursors. Furthermore, graphitization-induced shrinkage of CnNFs diameter results in significant growth of specific surface area and pore volume in the resulting samples. This, along with a highly ordered nanostructure and high crystallinity degree, contributes to an impressive tensile modulus of 9.592 GPa, surpassing that of most petroleum-based CnNFs documented in the literature. Additionally, the prolonged isothermal treatment influences the d002 value (measured at 0.414 nm) and CnNFs degree of crystallinity, leading to an enhancement in electrical conductivity. However, the study observes no size effect advantages on mechanical properties and electrical conductivity, possibly attributed to the potential presence of point defects in the ultrathin CnNFs. Overall, this research opens a promising and cost-effective pathway for converting sugarcane biomasses into high-modulus carbon nanofibers with outstanding electrical conductivity. These findings hold significant implications for the development of sustainable and high-performance materials for various applications, including electronics, energy storage, and composite reinforcement.