Cosmological Research Articles

The origin of the Universe

The origin of the Universe

Міфопоетична космологія в символістській поезії В. Свідзінського

Міфопоетична космологія в символістській поезії В. Свідзінського

Speed of gravitational waves and black hole hair

The recent detection of GRB 170817A and GW170817 constrains the speed of gravity waves $c_T$ to be that of light, which severely restricts the landscape of modified gravity theories that impact the cosmological evolution of the universe. In this work, we investigate the presence of black hole hair in the remaining viable cosmological theories of modified gravity that respect the constraint $c_T=1$. We focus mainly on scalar-tensor theories of gravity, analyzing static, asymptotically flat black holes in Horndeski, Beyond Horndeski, Einstein-Scalar-Gauss-Bonnet, and Chern-Simons theories. We find that in all of the cases considered here, theories that respect $c_T=1$ do not allow for hair, or have negligible hair. We further comment on vector-tensor theories including Einstein Yang-Mills, Einstein-Aether, and Generalised Proca theories, as well as bimetric theories.

Tunneling in quantum cosmology and holographic SYM theory

We study the time evolution of early universe which is developed by a cosmological constant $\Lambda_4$ and supersymmetric Yang-Mills (SYM) fields in the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) space-time. The renormalized vacuum expectation value of energy-momentum tensor of the SYM theory is obtained in a holographic way. It includes a radiation of the SYM field, parametrized as $C$. The evolution is controlled by this radiation $C$ and the cosmological constant $\Lambda_4$. For positive $\Lambda_4$, an inflationary solution is obtained at late time. When $C$ is added, the quantum mechanical situation at early time is fairly changed. Here we perform the early time analysis in terms of two different approaches, (i) the Wheeler-DeWitt equation and (ii) Lorentzian path-integral with the Picard-Lefschetz method by introducing an effective action. The results of two methods are compared.

The Turn Towards Philosophy in the Earliest Cosmologies: A Comparative Study of Selected Excavated Warring States–Period Manuscripts and Pre-Socratic Fragments

Excavated texts from the fourth century BC bring new elements previously thought missing in the earliest Chinese thought. They develop cosmological theories comparable to those found in the pre-Socratic tradition, especially in processual thinkers such as the Milesians and Heraclitus. The article explores the resemblances, suggesting that the Eastern and Western thought may have not been so radically different at the beginning. On both sides, the texts attest to a new stage of intellectual independence of an individual, using strikingly similar patterns of explanation and means of expression.

The Truth of the Resurrection and Using The Rower Of Thouth to Access to the Secrets of the Universe, to Universal Energy for Healing and to the Absolute Applied in Egypt Based on the Lord Prof. Momtchil Dobrev-Halachev’s “Theory of Vortex Field - Base of The Universum” and the Lord Prof. Momtchil Dobrev-Halachev’s “Cosmological Theory of the Information”

The Truth of the Resurrection and Using The Rower Of Thouth to Access to the Secrets of the Universe, to Universal Energy for Healing and to the Absolute Applied in Egypt Based on the Lord Prof. Momtchil Dobrev-Halachev’s “Theory of Vortex Field - Base of The Universum” and the Lord Prof. Momtchil Dobrev-Halachev’s “Cosmological Theory of the Information”

English

Within the framework of the cosmological theory of the Big Bang, F-theory that unifies all four types of fundamental interactions is represented. Among the most exciting predictions of physics beyond the Standard Model is the assumption of the space of extra dimensions that solves the hierarchy problem. With the presence of this extra dimensions are connected the searches for Kaluza-Klein partners of gravitons, gauge bosons and microscopic black holes at the LHC. In the framework of F-theory, Calabi-Yau fourfold is considered as a space of extra dimensions. We study the duality between the F-theory compactified on the K3-surface and $E_8\times E_8$ heterotic string compactified on the torus, $T^2$. The set of BPS states corresponding to the Calabi-Yau fourfolds, which has either an elliptic curve or a K3-fibration as a layer, is studied in the aspect of correspondence to the KK modes of the M-theory on $R^8\times T^2 \times S^1 / Z_2$. The singularities of the moduli space of the Calabi-Yau fourfold make it possible to observe massive KK modes, the masses of which are obtained from the M-theory of supergravity. The result is of interest for a theoretical understanding of the KK modes, the experimental searches for which are carried out at the LHC.

The big freeze may be over: a contracting universe for cryopreservation?

According to current cosmological theory, the universe will continue to expand indefinitely. If so, it should cool eventually reaching temperatures too cold to sustain life. This theory is commonly referred to as heat-death or the big freeze. Putting aside this potentially unpleasant scenario, unlikely in the lifetime of current readers (about 10 × E + 2500 years from now), freezing, in contrast, has played an important role in hematopoietic cell autotransplants for disease such as plasma cell myeloma and lymphomas. Let us consider how.

Neutron star merger: the gift that keeps on giving: Merger tests cosmological theories

Neutron star merger: the gift that keeps on giving: Merger tests cosmological theories

A Portal to Knowledge

Abstract This article engages with the Creation cycle (hexaemeron) sculpted on the vault of the south portal of the choir of the Holy Cross Church at Schwäbisch Gmünd (1351–1377). Several reliefs depict the cosmological creation, which was a rather rare topic in monumental sculpture on public display during the Middle Ages. Being based on cosmological theories, taught at the universities, but not expected to be shared with the laity, it is a unique intellectual cultural phenomenon. The article seeks to interpret anew the full scientific significance of these unprecedented iconographic cosmological depictions. The choice of topic and location of the cosmological reliefs will be explained in relation to the town’s socioeconomic and political developments that brought to substantial changes in the lives of the burghers. Presenting these novel ideas to the medieval public in an ecclesiastic context suggests an important change in the intellectual history of the region in the late fourteenth century.

Falsification Experiments for Spacetime Theories from the Neurological Sciences

One difficulty with spacetime theories is the absence of falsifications tests. Because the observer is part of quantum mechanics (QM) and therefore an obligatory part of cosmological theories that incorporate QM, the neurological sciences have a legitimate role. We examined six different QM based cosmological theories. They make implications about various aspects of the flow of time (FOT)--the past/present/future experience including subjective dynamism). First, a distinction is made between the FOT and the physical passage of time (POT), the occurrence of a new physical event at the periphery of an expanding universe. Four theories suggesting a real POT are the Evolving Block Universe, the Spacetime Dynamics Theory, Causal Set Cosmology; and Muller’s cosmology. However, they retain the past/present components of the Block Universe and imply that the upper level FOT (the experience that the ‘present’ is unique) is illusory. A falsification experiment is proposed utilizing Hartle’s proposed Information and Gathering and Utilizing Systems (IGUSs), which have different experiences of the ‘present’. A virtual reality IGUS which can experientially navigate between past and present is suggested. It could confirm their implication that the experience of past/present events is not unique (i.e., it is a variable cognition). Barbour’s timeless theory involves relative configuration spaces which contain enough information to provide an illusory dynamic scene. That experience of dynamism within that scene is said to be an illusion. A second falsification experiment is proposed to remove dynamism suggesting it is an irrelevant experience. It involves intermittent stimulation of the newly discovered consciousness center (the claustrum) to create brief intervals of unconsciousness. Doing this precludes the recently discovered ‘happening’ percept which can account for the entirely of dynamism (the lower level FOT). The negative implication for Temporal Naturalism in the Cosmological Natural Selection theory is briefly discussed.

Origin of the Universe: A Decreasing Speed Approach

Origin of the Universe: A Decreasing Speed Approach

Origin of the Universe: A Compound Approach

Origin of the Universe: A Compound Approach

Urban planning and ritual action in colonia ulpia traiana (Xanten, Germany): Understanding a non-solar orientation pattern

There is increasing evidence to suggest that cosmological factors were applied in the planning and orientation of Roman towns, at least under Augustus. Among others, this is the case of Colonia Augusta Praetoria Salassorum (Aosta) in Italia, Colonia Urbs Iulia Nova Carthago (Cartagena) in Hispania Citerior Tarraconensis, Colonia Copia Claudia Augusta Lugdunum (formerly Colonia Copia Felix Munatia, Lyon) in Gallia Lugdunensis, Colonia Augusta Treverorum (Trier) in Gallia Belgica, and Colonia Claudia Ara Agrippinensium (formerly Ara Ubiorum, Cologne) in Germania Inferior. For the sake of strengthening the sample of cities studied, and identifying orientation patterns from a chronological and astronomical perspective, a number of public structures from Colonia Ulpia Traiana (Xanten) in Germania Inferior were measured. This town was a Roman colony, founded in A.D. 98 by Trajan with a contingent of veteran soldiers and a group of Germanic people. The result was the establishment of a typical Roman settlement with an orthogonal urban grid, whose planning and orientation took cosmological factors into account. In this case, in contrast to the previous examples, we propose that the decumanus maximus was not oriented directly according to the solar arc, but that instead it was possibly linked with other celestial bodies. In addition, the Gallo-Roman temple supposedly dedicated in this town to the Matronae or the Matres was oriented according to the major lunar standstill (“lunistice”). Therefore, this study aims to present the first results regarding the urban orientation of Colonia Ulpia Traiana according to a non-solar pattern, and attemps to provide a preliminary explanation for it from a cultural perspective.

Clues to the Fundamental Nature of Gravity, Dark Energy and Dark Matter

This paper integrates the Flat Space Cosmology (FSC) model into the Friedmann equations containing a cosmological term. The Lambda term within this model scales according to 3H2t/c2 and 3/R2t. Use of the Bekenstein-Hawking definition of closed gravitational system total entropy provides for FSC cosmic parameter definitions in terms of . Cosmic time, radius, total matter mass-energy and vacuum energy in this model scale in exactly the same way as . This analysis opens the way for understanding gravity, dark energy and dark matter as being deeply connected with cosmic entropy. The recent theoretical work of Roger Penrose and Erik Verlinde is discussed in this context. The results of this FSC model analysis dovetail nicely with Verlinde’s work suggesting gravity as being fundamentally an emergent property of cosmic entropy. This emergent-property-of-entropy definition of gravity, if true, would also indicate that gravitational inertia, dark matter and dark energy are simply manifestations of cosmic entropy. Thus, they would likely have no identifiable connection to quantum physics, including the standard particle model.

Confucian Cosmological Life and its Eco-Philosophical Implications

Confucian Cosmological Life and its Eco-Philosophical Implications

Dark matter filaments

Present work is a review of extragalactic filament detection and galaxy orientation. Filaments are considered as a part of large-scale structure of Universe since the middle of XX century. The formation of filaments and other elements of large-scale structure was described in Zeldovich theory, which became the base of further computer cosmological simulations. Simulated galaxy distributions are quite suitable for filament detection, but the observations of real galaxies appears much less appropriate for this task. Sloan Digital Sky Survey contains the best data of galaxy distribution for the studies of large-scale structures. Application of different methods of filament detection to SDSS leads to contradictory results. Even morphological analysis of Local Supercluster filaments causes a number of questions. The main complexity of filament search is their composition of mostly dark matter. X-ray images of galaxy clusters supplements optical ones and can help to determine dark matter distribution. Orientation of X-ray halo and optical galaxies in the cluster may point out to the nearest filaments. General analysis of galaxy orientations is needed for the evaluation of this effect. Our review shows models of galaxy cluster at the intersection of filaments and the thread of clusters on the filament. Details of galaxy cluster and filament connections may be revealed after new observations of large-scale structure of Universe and applications new data processing algorithms and cosmological theories of the fluctuation growth.

Description Of The Process Of The Resurrection And Using The Rower Of Thouth To Access To The Secrets Of The Universe,To Universal Energy For Healing And To The Absolute Applied In Egypt Based On The Lord Prof. Momtchil Dobrev-Halachev’s “ Theory Of Vortex Field – Base Of The Universum” And The Lord Prof. Momtchil Dobrev-Halachev’s “Cosmological Theory Of The Information”

Based on the developed by Lord Prof. Momtchil Dobrev – Halachev “Cosmological Theory of Information” and “Theory of Vortex Fields- Base f the Universume” Lord Prof. Momtchil DObrev covers the process of theresurrection in Egypt and how can be made in our century.

Seeing through the cosmological bounce: Footprints of the contracting phase and luminosity distance in bouncing models

The evolution of the luminosity distance in a contracting universe is studied. It is shown that for quite a lot of natural dynamical evolutions, its behavior is far from trivial and its value can even decrease with an increasing time interval between events. The consequences are investigated and it is underlined that this could both put stringent consistency conditions on bouncing models and open a new observational window on "pre Big Bang" physics using standard gravitational waves.

Implications of the Neutron Star Merger GW170817 for Cosmological Scalar-Tensor Theories.

The LIGO and VIRGO Collaborations have recently announced the detection of gravitational waves from a neutron star-neutron star merger (GW170817) and the simultaneous measurement of an optical counterpart (the γ-ray burst GRB 170817A). The close arrival time of the gravitational and electromagnetic waves limits the difference in speed of photons and gravitons to be less than about 1 part in 10^{15}. This has three important implications for cosmological scalar-tensor gravity theories that are often touted as dark energy candidates and alternatives to the Λ cold dark matter model. First, for the most general scalar-tensor theories-beyond Horndeski models-three of the five parameters appearing in the effective theory of dark energy can now be severely constrained on astrophysical scales; we present the results of combining the new gravity wave results with galaxy cluster observations. Second, the combination with the lack of strong equivalence principle violations exhibited by the supermassive black hole in M87 constrains the quartic galileon model to be cosmologically irrelevant. Finally, we derive a new bound on the disformal coupling to photons that implies that such couplings are irrelevant for the cosmic evolution of the field.