Cosmetic Packaging Research Articles

The Effect of Cosmetics Packaging Design on Consumers’ Purchase Decisions

The Effect of Cosmetics Packaging Design on Consumers’ Purchase Decisions

Reduction of Scrap in Anodization Process: A Case Study in a Cosmetic Packaging Industry

Reduction of Scrap in Anodization Process: A Case Study in a Cosmetic Packaging Industry

An Exploratory Study of Consumer Attitudes toward Green Cosmetics in the UK Market

People’s health awareness has extended from the food industry to the personal beauty industry. Consumers have increased their interest in natural ingredients, sustainable packaging, and other green elements of cosmetics. This research explores consumer attitudes toward green cosmetics. Data were collected through qualitative research instruments (focus groups) since the research aimed to discover in-depth consumer attitudes and feelings. There were 30 British females who agreed to be respondents in five focus groups. They were divided into five focus groups. The key findings of this research were the prevailing neutral attitudes toward green cosmetics due to the lack of knowledge and confusing market standards. The majority of respondents viewed price and performance as the most important factors when choosing cosmetics instead of green elements. However, given the growing awareness of natural and organic ingredients and green production, most respondents admitted the potential change of present neutral attitudes to be more supportive in the future. Green cosmetics is a new trend in the personal beauty industry. This study ascertains the consumer attitudes toward green cosmetics and calls for clearer green standards and regulations in the industry as well as advanced biotechnology to extract natural ingredients.

PACKAGING SPECTRUM: Comparative Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of selected cosmetics packaging - uncertainty analysis using the Monte Carlo computational algorithm

PACKAGING SPECTRUM: Comparative Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of selected cosmetics packaging - uncertainty analysis using the Monte Carlo computational algorithm

The Influence of Textured Surfaces of Cosmetic Packaging on Consumers’ Feelings

This study investigated what consumers’ feelings were evoked when they touched different textured surfaces of 20 compact powder cases. Without seeing them, fifty respondents with and without an art-and-design-based background were asked to describe their feelings in their words as they touched the cases as well as explain them by provided words. The results show that different surface textures did evoke different respondents’ feelings of which those familiar with the design were able to express a wider range. All participants were able to describe both the initial sense of physicality and complex feelings toward every textured surface investigated.Keywords:senseof touch; textured surfaces; cosmetic packaging; consumers’ feelings.eISSN 2398-4295 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajbes.v3i13.154

Investigation of the effect of titanium dioxide and clay grafted with glycidyl methacrylate by gamma radiation on the properties of EVA flexible films

Many studies report that nanocomposites obtained by dispersion of a small amount nanofiller into the polymer have remarkable improvements achieved in the mechanical and physical properties. However, in order to achieve this great improvement in properties, it is necessary that the nanofillers be dispersed homogeneously into the polymeric matrix. Often this dispersion is difficult to achieve due to the high interfacial energy of the nanoparticles present. This study reports the effect of gamma irradiation induced graft of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) onto the surface of TiO2 and Clay nanofillers to improve their dispersion into the EVA matrix. The physical and mechanical properties of Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) flexible films with these nanoparticles were studied. EVA nanocomposite with adding of the different amount of TiO2 and modified montmorillonite clay grafted and un-grafted with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) using gamma irradiation have been prepared by melt extrusion. The nanocomposite flexible films were produced using a flat die extrusion process. The PGMA-grafted nanofillers were characterized by XRD and TEM analysis. The flexible films were characterized by Tensile tests, ATR–FTIR, UV–VIS, XRD, TG, and FE-SEM analysis to understand the nature of the interaction between the nanofillers and EVA matrix. The results showed that the addition of PGMA-grafted TiO2 and Clay nanofillers into EVA matrix improved the bonding between the nanofillers and matrix. It was also found that the PGMA-grafted nanofillers could be well dispersed into an EVA matrix in contrast to that of un-grafted. The tensile strength and modulus of the resulting EVA/TiO2-PGMA enhanced in comparison to that of un-grafted TiO2. The EVA/Clay-PGMA had slightly decreased tensile strength comparable to that of EVA/Clay but had considerably improved elastic modulus. In addition, the flexible films based on TiO2 exhibited high UV–Vis light absorption with energy gap shifted to the visible region. The results demonstrated that TiO2 and Clay nanofillers grafted with GMA by gamma radiation can be used to prepare EVA flexible films with improved bonding between the nanofillers and matrix and, consequently, enhanced properties for food and cosmetic packaging application.

Investigation of mechanical properties the polylactide in function its degradation rate

Polylactide is compostable and biodegradable thermoplastic polymer. It is made from renewable sources like tapioca roots, corn starch or sugar cane. Polylactide can be used as a material in food and packaging industries. According to manufacturer’s instruction biodegradable bioplastics can be used for disposables applications such as cups, cosmetic packaging etc. In some cases, the type of stored substances can affected on container stability. The aim of the study was an investigation of mechanical properties of PLA depend on its degradation rate. Obtained results show degradation process of injection moulded PLA in simulated physiological fluids. Results of the study can be helpful to prediction of the behaviour of products manufactured with biodegradable polylactide.

화장품 패키지디자인의 캐릭터 컬래버레이션이 구매에 미치는 영향

화장품 패키지디자인의 캐릭터 컬래버레이션이 구매에 미치는 영향

The effect of glycerol addition as plasticizer in Spirulina platensis based bioplastic

Bioplastic is one of the breakthroughs in the effort to reduce plastic waste. The bioplastic can be produced from microalgae with a high protein content, such as Spirulina platensis. The aim of this research was to produce S. platensis-based plastic with mechanical properties that mimics the commercial plastic bags. The microalgae were mixed with polyvinyl and maleic anhydride as compatibilizer to strengthen the bond between the microalgae and polymer. Glycerol was added as plasticizer to increase the flexibility. Observation was carried out on tensile strength and elongation of bioplastic with a variation of 15, 20, 25, and 30 wt% of glycerol content. The results show that the optimum plasticizer composition for this S. platensis-based bioplastic film was 30 wt%, which shows the tensile strength at 27.7 kgf/cm2 and elongation at 66%. The tensile strength was very close to that of commercial plastic bags. The elongation property should be improved in order to be utilized for plastic bags. However, this bioplastic is very suitable for food, pharmacy, and cosmetic packaging materials that do not need high elongation.

The Design Factors of Cosmetic Packaging Textures for Conveying Feelings

There have been a lot of studies on the relationship between visual appearances of packaging—such as color, font, and illustration—and consumers’ feelings, but very few focused on touch sensation. Well-designed touch texture can attract consumers to cosmetic products and can be considered as a rarely-explored way of sensory marketing. The objectives of this study was to seek for design factors (design elements that can be associated with feeling words). Thirty-six different 3-D texture models were constructed. Their designs were produced from established 2-D visual design elements. Those models were tested by a group of participants to see whether they could clearly convey different feelings. Only 6 models were deemed valid in this sense. These 6 models were then sought for distinctive design factors. The 5 design factors that were obtained were the following: 1) structure of lines, 2) distance between lines, 3) small and large empty spaces, 4) line uniformity, and 5) number of lines. These design factors were able to elicit 16 feeling words: 1. Busy, 2. Tense, 3. Strong, 4. Confident, 5. Manful, 6. Delicate, 7. Friendly, 8. Gentle, 9. Sensitive, 10. Enjoyable, 11. Independent, 12. Natural, 13. Simple, 14. Comfortable, 15. Easy, and 16. Flexible. These design factors can be directly used by designers for constructing textured surface components of packages or products that can affect consumers’ feelings by touch.

Forensic Engineering of Advanced Polymeric Materials-Part V: Prediction Studies of Aliphatic⁻Aromatic Copolyester and Polylactide Commercial Blends in View of Potential Applications as Compostable Cosmetic Packages.

The main aim of the present study was to determine the behavior of the specimens from Ecovio, in the form of dumbbell-shaped samples and films, during degradation in selected cosmetic ingredients such as water and paraffin. The (bio)degradation test of the prototype cosmetic package (sachet) made from a PBAT (poly[(1,4-butylene adipate)–co–(1,4-butylene terephthalate)]) and PLA (polylactide) blend was investigated under industrial composting conditions, and compared with the sample behavior during incubation in cosmetic media at 70 °C. During the degradation tests, the changes of the samples were evaluated using optical microscopy, 1H NMR (proton nuclear magnetic resonance) and GPC (gel permeation chromatography) techniques. The structures of the degradation products were investigated using ESI-MSn (mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization on positive and negative ions) analysis. The thermal properties of selected materials were determined by DSC (differential scanning calorimetry) and TGA (thermogravimetric analysis) analysis. It was concluded that the PBAT and PLA blend studied had a good stability during aging in cosmetic media, and could be recommended for long-shelf-life compostable packaging of cosmetics, especially with oily ingredients.

Analysis of Visual Elements of Cosmetics Packaging Designs in China

중국 화장품 시장에서 한국 화장품 만의 경쟁력을 갖추기 위한 전략의 일환으로 패키지 디자인을 개선하는 것이 중요하다. 이에 본 연구는 중국 내에서 인기 있는 한국․중국․글로벌 화장품 브랜드의 용기 디자인을 비교 분석하여 중국 소비자들에게 어필할 수 있는 용기 디자인 개발을 위한 토대를 마련하고자 하였다. 본 연구를 위해 2014년부터 2016년까지 중국 화장품 시장에서 점유율 상위인 한국, 중국, 글로벌 브랜드를 각각 12개 선정하였고 각 브랜드에서 토너(스킨), 세럼(에센스), 크림을 3개씩 선정하여 총 303개의 용기 샘플을 분석하였다. 화장품 용기 디자인의 시각적 요소 중에서 브랜드 로고, 색상, 타이포그래피, 형태, 일러스트레이션 요소를 분석하였고, 브랜드의 국적에 따라 비교하였다. 연구 결과, 중국 소비자들에게 인기 있는 화장품 브랜드의 용기는 대부분 영어 로고에 흰색(WH), 빨강(R), 연두(GY), 노랑(Y) 계열의 색상이고, 타이포그래피는 영어이거나 영어와 중국어 조합이었다. 형태는 직사각형과 역사다리형에 집중되어 있고, 일러스트레이션은 거의 없었다. 브랜드의 국적에 따른 특징적인 차이는 색상과 형태에서 주로 나타났다. 중국 브랜드에서 높은 비중으로 나타난 빨강(R), 연두(GY) 계열과 사다리형 형태는 한국 브랜드에서 적은 비중임을 확인하였다. 화장품 용기 디자인 시각적 요소의 유형화는 향후 후속 연구에서 중국 소비자 선호의 파악을 위한 실질적인 기초 자료로서의 역할을 할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

Research on Associations with the Color of a Naturalism Cosmetic Package by Each Age Group

자연과 인간은 공존하면서 상호간 영향을 미치는 순환의 관계라 할 수 있다. 그러나 지구 온난화의 가속화로 인해 삶의 근본인 자연 환경이 사라져가는 위기가 초래되었다. 이러한 배경을 바탕으로 건강을 중시하는 트렌드가 확산되어 각 기업에서는 천연성분임을 주장하는 자연주의 상품이 생산되고 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고, 유해성분의 종류와 기준이 명확하지 않아 소비자가 적절한 선택을 하는 것이 어려운 상황이다. 이러한 현황을 조사하기 위해 더페이스샵과 이니스프리 인터넷 홈페이지 상의 모든 제품 컬러의 형용사 이미지 결과를 융복합적 분석방법을 사용하여 설문조사용 컬러 칩을 제작하였다. 결론 도출을 위해 구매경험, 안전성, 친숙도, 패키지 컬러의 적합성을 기준으로 설문을 실시하여 10대∼60대의 연령별 소비자선호도를 조사하였다. 조사 결과, 자연주의 화장품의 구매경험은 대부분의 연령대에서 높은 편으로 나타나 조사 진행에 있어 동기 부여가 되었다. 안전성과 친숙도, 패키지 컬러의 적합성에서는 연령대별로 컬러 선호도가 구분되었으며, 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 이는 시중 자연주의 화장품 패키지 컬러의 색상, 톤과는 상이하였다. 젊은 층에 맞춰진 자연주의 제품의 컬러는 특징이 없어서 모든 연령이 사용 가능한 보통 상품이라고 인식되어 있었다. 본 연구의 결과를 통해 선호도의 차이를 반영하여 적합한 컬러가 사용된 자연주의 제품은 구매 시 복합적인 요인을 고려하지 않는다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 즉 시각적인 반응을 통해 상품을 선택하도록 함으로써 컬러가 곧 ‘맞춤형’이라는 인식을 유도할 수 있을 것이다. 이는 지속적인 고객층 형성으로 이어질 것이며, 궁극적으로는 기업 이미지 전환과 매출에 긍정적 영향을 미칠 것으로 기대된다.

화장품 패키지 디자인에서 콜라보레이션과 가치에 관한 연구 : 국내 화장품 브랜드를 중심으로

콜라보레이션은 지난 몇 해 사이에 가장 많이 사용되는 마케팅 트렌드 중 하나이다. 개인이 지닌 다양성의 욕구를 충족시키기 위해 화장품 시장은 콜라보레이션을 활용해 소비자의 욕구를 충족시키고 있다. 또한 화장품뿐만 아니라 패션, 전자기기, 자동차 등 다양한 분야에서 마케팅의 방법으로 사용되고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 최근 진행된 국내 화장품 브랜드의 콜라보레이션 사례를 유형별로 정리하여 현황을 파악하고, 이 사례들을 활용하여 긍정적인 결과가 발생하도록 도움을 주는 것에 목적을 둔다. 연구 방법으로는 콜라보레이션의 개념과 유형을 문헌조사를 통해 정의한 다음, 지각된 가치를 감정적 가치, 사회적 가치, 두 가지 차원으로 구분하여 비교 분석 하였다. 연구대상은 2016년 기준 매출 순위 상위권에 속하는 국내 로드샵 브랜드 4곳을 선정하였다. 본 연구의 내용에는 국내 로드샵 브랜드의 콜라보레이션으로 나온 패키지를 지각된 가치와 콜라보레이션의 유형별로 비교 분석하였다. 이 연구를 통해 콜라보레이션 제품의 구매에 있어서 소비자가 제품의 특성을 지각하고 그것이 구매의도에 미치는 영향을 살펴 볼 수 있었다. 이 사례 분석은 앞으로 마케팅 방법으로 콜라보레이션을 활용하려는 업체에 기초적인 자료로서 도움이 될 것이라고 생각된다.

A Study on the Effects of Kidults’ Consumers Preferred Color and Cosmetics Package to the Color According on Purchase Behavior

A Study on the Effects of Kidults’ Consumers Preferred Color and Cosmetics Package to the Color According on Purchase Behavior

Young Purchasers’ Buying Decision: Cosmetic packaging on gender distinction

This research aims to investigate a distinctive perceptual response between young males and females on graphical and packaging appearance leading to their buying decisions. The research endeavors to reveal distinctive graphical and formal design factors determining packaging preferences in accordance with the level of cognitive and affective sensory between genders. The research found that color, materials, formal design, size, shape, and textual style correspond to young purchasers’ gender differences. Research tools comprise distinctive visual stimulus set embedded with the contradictory factors and questionnaires set to draw perceptual reactions. Sampled respondents are drawn from 19-23 graduate and undergraduate students from the Department of Industrial Design and Education. The research finally suggests a set of differentiating packaging design guidelines in accordance with the research findings for paradigmatic purposes.

Applying dynamic mold temperature control to cosmetic package design

Owing to the fashion trend and the market needs, this study developed the eco-cushion compact. Through the product design and the advanced process technology, many issues have improved, for instance, the inconvenience of transportation, the lack of multiuse capability, the increase of costs, and the low yield rate. The eco-cushion compact developed in this study was high quality, low cost, and meets the requirements of the eco market. The study aimed at developing a reusable container. Dynamic mold temperature control was introduced in the injection modeling process. The innovation in the product was its multi-functional formula invention, eco-product design, one-piece powder case design, and multifunctional design in the big powder case, mold flow and development of dynamic mold temperature control. Finally, through 3D drawing and modeling, and computer assistance for mold flow and verification to develop and produce models. During the manufacturing process, in order to solve the problems of tightness and warping, development and manufacture of dynamic mold temperature control were introduced. This decreased the injection cycle and residual stress, and deformation of the products has reduced to less than 0.2 mm, and the air tightness increased. In addition, air leakage was less than 2% and the injection cycle decreased to at least 10%. The results of the study can be extended and applied on the future design on cosmetic package and an alternative can be proposed to solve the problems of air tightness and warping. In this study, dynamic mold temperature control is considered as a design with high price-performance ratio, which can be adopted on industrial application for practical benefit and improvement.

The effect of cosmetic package design with the concept of Cause branding on consumers' desire to purchase

The effect of cosmetic package design with the concept of Cause branding on consumers' desire to purchase

Opinion of the Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS) – Final version of the opinion on Eco G+ in cosmetic products

Safety assessment is based on the release of silver ion from the packaging material. SCCS considers the release of silver ions from “EcoG+” as a component in packaging material safe for use as preservative with a concentration of maximum 2.0% in the cosmetic packaging material.

STAINLESS STEEL IN COSMETIC PACKAGING: HOW TO ENSURE ITS SAFETY AND COMPLIANCE WITH EUROPEAN LEGISLATION

Stainless steel is an important material for cosmetic packaging, due to its properties such as corrosion resistance and surface inertness. It has a long history of safe use in packaging applications. The European regulation on cosmetics contains no clear rules concerning the assessment of stainless steel for use in cosmetic packaging. The different European member states have a wide range of approaches, making navigating through the different legislation in Europe difficult. This article presents a proprietary risk management approach named Material Regulatory Risk Management (M2RM), a new decision-making process for verification or demonstration of stainless steel compliance with the cosmetics regulation. This document intends to be guidance for manufacturers or users of stainless steel as well as the cosmetics industry as a whole by simplifying the way of tackling the current complex legislative framework.