Cosmetic Appeal Research Articles

Synergistic modulation of oxidative peel browning in postharvest litchi through ultrasound and salicylic acid coupling

Pericarp browning in litchi is a major postharvest problem that drastically affects cosmetic appeal and marketability of fruits. This study explores the efficacy of postharvest treatments involving ultrasound (US) combined with salicylic acid (SA) in mitigating oxidative browning and preserving quality attributes during ambient storage. Results indicate that the combined treatment of US and SA, particularly at a concentration of 2 mM, effectively reduced weight loss, decay incidence, and the production of reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, this combination maintained higher levels of total soluble solids, titratable acidity, phenolic content, antioxidants, and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity while suppressed polyphenol oxidase activity. The combined US + SA (2 mM) synergistically delayed the quality deterioration and pericarp browning in litchi during storage.

ПОПЕРЕКОВА ДИСКЕКТОМІЯ З ДЕКОМПРЕСІЄЮ КАНАЛУ ЗА СИСТЕМОЮ DESTANDAU ENDOSPINE

Lumbar disc herniation is a common disease. There is severe pain in the buttock and leg, which may persist for more than 6 weeks even after conservative treatment. Currently, there are several surgical techniques for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation, ranging from laminectomy to microdiscectomy. The main advantages of endoscopic discectomy include: cosmetic appeal, minimally invasive nature, better visualization, shorter hospital stay and faster recovery. Objective. This article reviews discusses the management of patients with degenerative diseases of the lumbar spine by Destandau Endospine system. The authors shares his experience of the surgical technique and the results of percutaneous endoscopic discectomy using the Destandau system during the treatment of 51 patients with herniated disc and canal stenosis in the lumbar spine. The main advantages of the Destandau endoscopic system are a small skin incision and minimal damage to soft tissues. This is a minimally invasive intervention, which is applied through a skin incision 1.5–2 cm long. In order to ensure the accuracy and safety of the patient both before and during the operation, fluoroscopy is used. Under the control of an endoscope, the herniated intervertebral disc, free fragments of the disc are removed and the pinched nerve is released. Thus, rapid recovery is achieved during postoperative rehabilitation. Conclusions. The endoscopic system can be used to treat all types of intervertebral disc herniations and associated canal stenosis. It is a relatively safe procedure, provided proper preoperative planning and an experienced team of doctors. Most lumbar pathologies that are not related to instability can be successfully resolved with its help. The two main advantages of the Destandau endospinal system include minimally invasive surgery with minimal iatrogenic damage and excellent efficacy. In the case of its successful application, the recovery process is significantly shortened, without any restrictions for returning to everyday life.

Is the robotic approach the future of distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy? A propensity score matched analysis.

Our study provides a comparative analysis of the Laparo-Endoscopic Single Site (LESS) and robotic surgical approaches for distal pancreatectomy and splenectomy, examining their cosmetic advantages, patient outcomes, and operative efficiencies through propensity score matching (PSM). We prospectively followed 174 patients undergoing either the LESS or robotic procedure, matched by cell type, tumor size, age, sex, and BMI from 2012 to 2023. Propensity score matching (PSM) was utilized for data adjustment, with results presented as median (mean ± SD). Post-PSM analysis showed no significant differences in age or BMI between the two groups. LESS approach exhibited a shorter operative duration (180(180 ± 52.0) vs. 248(262 ± 78.5) minutes, p = 0.0002), but increased estimated blood loss (200(317 ± 394.4) vs. 100 (128 ± 107.2) mL, p = 0.04). Rates of intraoperative and postoperative complications, length of hospital stay, readmissions within 30days, in-hospital mortalities, and costs were comparably similar between the two procedures. While the robotic approach led to lower blood loss, LESS was more time-efficient. Patient outcomes were similar in both methods, suggesting that the choice between these surgical techniques should balance cosmetic appeal with technical considerations.

Therapeutic landscape of natural products and emulgel in psoriasis

Psoriasis, characterized by immune-mediated inflammation triggered by dysfunctions in the immune system, manifests in various skin areas with elevated plaques presenting as common symptoms. Traditional psoriasis treatments often incorporate plant-based remedies, which, although safer, are predominantly hydrophobic, limiting their permeation and absorption into the skin. To address these challenges, researchers have turned to emulgels as drug delivery systems. Emulgels, combining the properties of both emulsions and gels, effectively solubilize hydrophobic drug molecules, enhancing their absorption through the skin. Emulgels shows several advantages including easy application and removal, emollient properties, non-greasiness, cosmetic appeal, and excellent penetration capabilities.This review emphasizes the significance of herbal drugs in psoriasis therapeutics and explores the utilization of emulgels as a delivery system for herbal extracts and constituents in psoriasis treatment. By highlighting the potential of emulgels in enhancing the delivery of herbal remedies for psoriasis management, this review offers insights into novel approaches to address the challenges associated with traditional psoriasis treatments.

Wound Healing and Cosmetic Outcomes in Neonatal Circumcision Using Three Different Techniques.

Circumcision of a male child is an integral part of some African cultures. An ideal technique of neonatal circumcision should be simple, safe and heal satisfactorily with good cosmetic appeal. The aim was to compare conventional dissection (CD), Plastibell (PB) and Gomco (GM) techniques of circumcision in neonates in terms of wound healing, wound healing complications, cosmetic outcome and parental satisfaction. A total of 144 male neonates were randomised into three study groups: CD, GM and PB groups. All procedures were performed under local anaesthesia as day case. Superficial wound healing was assessed on the 7 th post-operative day. The cosmetic outcome of the three techniques was assessed by a plastic surgeon and the parents using a 4-point Likert scale on the 4 th post-operative week. The three groups were comparable in terms of age ( P = 0.207) and weight ( P = 0.098) at circumcision. There was satisfactory wound healing in 48 (100%) patients in the GM group, compared to 47 (97.8%) in the CD group and 45 (93.8%) in the PB group ( P = 0.324). Wound healing complications were recorded in seven patients, 1 (2.1%) in the CD group with wound infection, 5 (10.4%) in the PB group with moderate pain despite the use of analgesia and 1 (2.1%) patient with skin bridge in the CD group. The plastic surgeon and the parents rated the cosmetic outcome of CD higher than the other two techniques. There is no significant difference in superficial wound healing amongst the three circumcision techniques. The cosmetic outcome of CD was significantly better than that of GM and PB circumcisions.

Quantitative Analysis of Hair Luster in a Novel Ultraviolet-Irradiated Mouse Model.

Hair luster is a key attribute of healthy hair and a crucial aspect of cosmetic appeal, reflecting the overall health and vitality of hair. Despite its significance, the advancement of therapeutic strategies for hair luster enhancement have been limited due to the absence of an effective experimental model. This study aimed to establish a novel animal model to assess hair gloss, employing ultraviolet (UV) irradiation on C57BL/6 mice. Specifically, UVB irradiation was meticulously applied to the shaved skin of these mice, simulating conditions that typically lead to hair luster loss in humans. The regrowth and characteristics of the hair were evaluated using a dual approach: an Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA) scale for subjective assessment and an image-based pixel-count method for objective quantification. These methods provided a comprehensive understanding of the changes in hair quality post-irradiation. To explore the potential reversibility of hair luster changes, oral minoxidil was administered, a treatment known for its effects on hair growth and texture. Further, to gain insights into the underlying biological mechanisms, bulk RNA transcriptomic analysis of skin tissue was conducted. This analysis revealed significant alterations in the expression of keratin-associated protein (KRTAP) genes, suggesting modifications in hair keratin crosslinking due to UV exposure. These changes are crucial in understanding the molecular dynamics affecting hair luster. The development of this new mouse model is a significant advancement in hair care research. It not only facilitates the evaluation of hair luster in a controlled setting but also opens avenues for the research and development of innovative therapeutic strategies. This model holds promise for the formulation of more effective hair care products and treatments, potentially revolutionizing the approach towards managing and enhancing hair luster.

Evaluation of Prosthodontic Complications in Screw-Retained and Cement-Retained Crowns in Dental Implants: An Original Research

ABSTRACT Aim: Single-tooth implant restorations, whether screw-retained or cement-retained, are essential for prosthodontic rehabilitation despite having low design flexibility, cosmetic appeal, and high 5-year survival rates. Materials and Methods: A study involving 14 patients with missing mandibular first molars used 28 implants and cement-retained and screw-retained prostheses. Patients had a single edentulous gap, adequate dental hygiene, and sufficient bone volume at the implant site. The study adhered to the Helsinki Declaration, followed WHO 2007 safety guidelines, and evaluated soft tissue, bone height, and bone loss. Data analysis included the Student’s t-test and Mann–Whitney U-test. Results: In patients between the ages of 17 and 46, single-implant restorations were compared with cement- and screw-retained at 6 months. Abutment screw loosening and peri-implant soft-tissue traits did not differ significantly from one another. Conclusion: The study compared screw- and cement-retained implant restorations in 28 single-tooth implant-supported prostheses over a 6-month functional loading period, finding no significant improvement in either approach.

Salvage and Reconstruction of the Mangled Hand: A Case Study Utilizing a Multi-Composite Tissue Product Reconstructive Approach

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of a novel reconstructive approach utilizing Multiple Composite Tissue Products (MCTPs) in severe hand injuries with risk of amputation. Methods: A comprehensive, single MCTP operation was performed at a single institution involving three tissue products to salvage the nerves, tendons, bone, and skin. This patient case study exemplifies the successful reconstruction of a mangled hand. Results: The application of three tissue products resulted in securing the integrity of the mangled hand’s structures and preservation of basic hand and wrist function, obviating the need for amputation. The patient regained significant restoration substantiating the safety and efficacy of this approach for structural, functional, and cosmetic outcomes. Discussion: Preoperative assessment and multi-disciplinary coordination of care was imperative in optimizing the successful outcomes. The patient’s medical history was complicated by diabetes mellitus, neuropathy, and osteonecrosis. Intensive postoperative rehabilitation, including Passive and Active Range of Motion (PROM, AROM), contributed to recovery and outcomes. Significance: The MCTP reconstructive approach is a promising avenue for optimizing tissue viability to recover from mangled hand injuries. The amelioration of adhesion formation directs proper tissue recovery which conserves tissue that might otherwise necessitate further excision, and possibly amputation. Per patient centered outcomes, this strategy mitigated extensive pain and minimized scarring, which enhanced the cosmetic appeal of reconstructing the mangled hand. These findings underscore the reconstructive potential of a MCTP approach in complex hand salvage, contributing to the recovery of function and cosmetic appeal. Future research should aim to validate similar findings of this case study strategy in a larger cohort.

Factors associated with patient preference of optical low vision devices in North West Nigeria.

Purpose: The study was conducted to identify factors associated with patients’ preferences with optical low vision devices in North West Nigeria.
 Methods: A mixed method study approach was adopted for this study. The study sample consisted of 219 patients seen over a 5-year period (2010-2015) who received optical low vision devices at the Low Vision Clinic of Health and Development Support Programme (HANDS), Jigawa State, Nigeria. In-depth interviews with 9 Low vision optometrists practicing in North Western Nigeria were also conducted. Data were summarized and presented in tables and figures. Chi square test statistics was used to test for association between categorical variables @ 95% confidence interval.
 Results: The mean age of the 219 records of low vision patients reviewed was 45.28 20.22 and 162 (74%) were males. Age and occupation had statistically significant association with use of magnifiers (χ2=15.201,P=0.004 and χ2=29.261, P=0.001, respectively). Patients between 30 and 59 years preferred spectacle magnifiers while younger patients (<30 years) preferred stand magnifiers. A statistically significant association was found between the younger age group (χ2=12.127, P=0.002), students (χ2=13.517, P= 0.004) and telescope use. Results from the key informant interview showed that age, cosmetic appeal and ease of use were considered major factors to patient preference of optical low vision devices.
 Conclusion: Age and occupation were the only demographic factors significantly associated with patient preference with optical low vision devices. Information from this study would be of benefit to low vision practitioners in the stocking and cost effective management of low vision patients.

Clear Aligner Treatment: A new paradigm shift? Point & Counterpoint

The emergence of Clear Aligner Treatment (CAT) has redefined modern orthodontics by integrating advanced digital technology and 3D printing. Originating from the concept introduced by Kesling in 1945, CAT uses its digital foundation to allow precise tooth movement planning within virtual models. CAT's popularity has surged due to its cosmetic appeal and comfort, offering advantages like reduced root resorption and improved oral hygiene. The upswing of CAT systems by various manufacturers has the potential to enhance orthodontic treatment acceptance among the general public. However, the counterpoint emphasizes that successful CAT outcomes hinge on accurate diagnosis, case selection, and above all, patient compliance. Aligner wear for a minimum of 22 hours daily is paramount for success. The viscoelastic properties of aligner materials introduce complexities, demanding a nuanced understanding of biomechanics for effective treatment. Practitioners are advised to begin with simpler cases before advancing to complex malocclusions, emphasizing patient compliance, considering potential refinements, and incorporating appropriate force systems into virtual setups. Supervision by experienced orthodontists during the learning phase can optimize outcomes. In summary, while CAT holds immense promise, careful planning and patient engagement remain the cornerstones of achieving successful orthodontic results

Photoprotection for people with skin of colour: needs and strategies.

Skin of colour or pigmented skin has unique characteristics: it has a higher eumelanin-to-pheomelanin ratio, more mature melanosomes, an increased amount of melanin distributed in the upper layers of the epidermis, and more efficient DNA repair compared with lighter skin. However, individuals with skin of colour are at a significant risk of skin damage caused by ultraviolet radiation, including the development of photodermatoses and photoageing changes such as uneven skin tone, and are predisposed to pigmentary disorders. In fact, one of the most common conditions leading to dermatology consultations by patients with skin of colour is photoexacerbated pigmentary disorders. Unfortunately, individuals with skin of colour may be less prone to engage in photoprotective measures, including the use of sunscreens. Physicians are also less likely to prescribe sunscreens for them. There is thus a clear need for better education on photodamage and for more efficient and suitable photoprotection in populations with skin of colour. However, this need has thus far only partially been met, and the development of sunscreen products designed to provide optimal photoprotection for people with skin of colour remains a challenge. Targeted sunscreens for individuals with skin of colour require optimal cosmetic appeal (leaving no white residue and not disrupting skin tone). They should include broad-spectrum [ultraviolet (UV)B/UVA] protection with high sun protection factor, as well as protection against long-wave UVA (UVA1) and visible light, as these wavelengths are capable of inducing or augmenting pigmentary disorders. They may also contain depigmenting agents for patients with pigmentary disorders.

Quality of Life and Surgical Outcome of Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Vestibular Approach (TOETVA) versus Open Thyroid Surgery: Experience from a Single Center in Vietnam.

Background It has been widely assumed that TOETVA has demonstrated a new technique and a promising approach as it is both minimally invasive and optimally cosmetic. The objective of this study was to assess the surgical outcome, aesthetic satisfaction, and postoperative quality of life of TOETVA in comparison with open thyroid surgery. Patients and Methods. The study was designed as a prospective study, in which 121 patients from a single center in Vietnam underwent thyroid surgery, and the study was divided into two groups: 60 patients in the TOETVA group and 61 patients in the open surgery group. The patients have been followed up including surgical outcomes, cosmetic satisfaction, and quality of life. These criteria were assessed at 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks after the surgery using SF-36 and thyroid surgery-specific questionnaire. Results Patients in the TOETVA group are significantly younger than patients in the open surgery group (35.8 + 10.3 vs 46.9 + 11.5, p < 0.001). The mean operating time was longer in the TOETVA group (102.9 ± 26.1 mins) than that in the open surgery group (66.8 ± 23.8 mins) with p = 0.0001. Cosmetic outcomes and overall satisfaction were significantly greater in the TOETVA group p = 0.0001. The SF-36 QOL scores of the patients in the TOETVA group were generally higher than the open surgery group. Conclusions TOETVA has been widely used with a low complication rate, cosmetic appeal, and surgical efficacy. Postoperative quality of life, cosmetic outcomes, and overall satisfaction were significantly superior to the open surgery group.

Minimally invasive modified tunnel approach for the treatment of gingival recession: A case report

Gingival recession is a common incidence and its occurrence will increase with age. It can lead to clinical problems, reduced cosmetic appeal and therefore esthetic concern. There are numerous strategies for root coverage. The preference for improved esthetics has elevated distinctly over the years. The idea of minimal invasive approach has received significance within the latest years and is changing the open surgical approaches. The treatment of gingival recession has continually been technique sensitive along with the related patient morbidity due to the invasive nature. This article presents a report of a case treated with a minimally invasive modified tunnel approach.

Mini right axillary thoracotomy for congenital heart defect repair can become a safe surgical routine.

Owing to its obvious cosmetic appeal, minimal invasive repair of congenital heart defects (CHDs) through the mini right axillary thoracotomy is becoming routine in many centres. Besides cosmesis, and before becoming a new norm, it is important to establish its outcomes as safe compared to repairs through traditional median sternotomy. Between 2013 and 2021, 116 consecutive patients underwent defect repairs through mini right axillary thoracotomy. Patient, operative data, and hospital outcomes were compared to contemporary mini right axillary thoracotomy and sternotomy series. There was no mortality or need for approach conversion (mean age 4.3 years, range 0.17-17, mean weight 18.6 kg, range 4.8-74.4) in 118 repairs for atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, partial anomalous pulmonary venous return, partial atrioventricular canal with mitral cleft, scimitar syndrome, double-chambered right ventricle, cor triatriatum, and tricuspid valve repair. Protocol included on-table extubation, achieved in 97 children, with 23 outliers leading to 0.7 average hours of mechanical ventilation (range 0-66 hours), indwelling chest drain time of 2.6 days (range 1-9 days), intensive care stay of 1.8 days (range 1-10 days), and hospital stay of 3.9 days (range 2-18 days). Late revisions were required in one patient after scimitar repair for scimitar vein stenosis at 2 weeks, and in another for repair of superior caval vein stenosis after a Warden operation at 2 months; reoperations (5/116 = 4.3%) were successfully performed through the same mini right axillary incision. While providing obvious cosmetic advantages, the minimally invasive right axillary thoracotomy approach for the surgical repair of common CHDs yields excellent results and is safe compared to the benchmark median sternotomy approach.

Precision attachments

The lack of sta­bility and retention together with a decrease in chewing ability are the commonly problems experienced by many edentulous patients with their den­tures and removable partial dentures. To overcome this problem and the desire to balance between func­tional stability and cosmetic appeal gave rise to the development of Precision attachments. Precision attachments are small interlocking devices to connect prosthesis and abutments that offer a variety of solutions to the challenge of balance between functional stability and cosmetic appeal. Precision attachments have wide applications, used in fixed removable bridge, removable partial dentures, overdentures, implant retained overdentures, and maxillofacial prosthesis. This article discusses about the various precision attachments used in treating edentulous and partially edentulous patients.

Recent exploration of nanoemulsions for drugs and cosmeceuticals delivery.

Nanoemulsions (NEs) have been explored as nanocarriers for the delivery of many drugs and cosmeceuticals. The extraordinary expansion of using NEs is due to their capability to conquer the main challenges of conventional delivery systems such as short residence time with low patient acceptance, poor stability, low aqueous solubility, permeability, and hence bioavailability. This review recapitulated the most recent pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical applications of NEs as effective delivery nanocarriers. The outputs of our research studies and the literature review on the latest NEs applications were assessed to highlight the NEs components, preparations, applications, and the improved quality and elegance of the used product. NEs are stable submicronic translucent dispersions with narrow droplet size distribution. They exhibited excellent ability to efficiently encapsulate therapeutics of diverse nature of drugs and cosmeceuticals. NE formulations showed superiority over conventional delivery approaches with overabundances of advantages through different routes of administration. This novel technology exhibited better aesthetic appeal, higher bioavailability, and a longer duration compared to the conventional delivery systems. This novel technology holds promise for different therapeutics fields. However, the success of NEs use advocated the development of robust formulations, proper choice of equipment, ample process characterization, and assurance of their efficacy, stability, safety and cosmetic appeal.

Relationship between sensorial and physical characteristics of topical creams: A comparative study on effects of excipients

Rising consumer demands for safer, more natural, and sustainable topical products have led to increased interest in finding alternative excipients, while retaining functionality and cosmetic appeal. Particle-stabilized Pickering creams have emerged as possible alternatives to replace traditional surfactant-stabilized creams and are thus one of the focuses in this study. The aim of this paper was to study relationships between sensorial characteristics and physical properties to understand how different excipients affect these aspects, comparing one starch particle–stabilized and three surfactant-stabilized formulations. A human panel was used to evaluate sensorial perception, while physical properties were deduced by rheology and tactile friction, together with in vivo and ex vivo skin hydration measurements.The results show that sensorial attributes related to the application phase can be predicted with rheology, while afterfeel attributes can be predicted with tactile friction studies. Differences in rheological and sensory properties among surfactant-based creams could mainly be attributed to the type of emollients used, presence of thickeners and surfactant composition. Differences between surfactant-based creams and a Pickering cream were more evident in relation to the afterfeel perception. Presence of starch particles in the residual film on skin results in high tactile friction and low perception of residual coating, stickiness, greasiness, and slipperiness in sensorial afterfeel.

Cosmetic Appeal, HRQoL, and Effectiveness of Simple and Pseudotesticular Techniques of Orchidectomy in Prostate Cancer.

Introduction Orchidectomy is the most cost-effective means of hormonal therapy for locally advanced or metastatic prostate cancer (LAMP). However, cost-effectiveness should not detract from health-related quality of life (HRQoL) considerations. Bilateral simple orchidectomy (BSO) has been linked to negative psychometric deficits from an empty scrotum. This study compared the HRQoL, therapeutic efficacy, and cosmetic appeal of BSO with endogenous pseudotesticular techniques of bilateral subcapsular orchidectomy (BSCO) and bilateral-epididymal-sparing orchidectomy (BESO). Research Design. Nigerian patients with LAMP were randomised into three surgical arms: BSO, BSCO, and BESO. Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite-26 HRQoL and sociodemographic questionnaires were administered before and three months after orchidectomy. Serum testosterone and PSA were measured at 0, 1, 2, and 3 hours; 7 days; and 3 months postoperatively. Pseudotesticular volumes and cosmetic appeal were assessed at 3 months. Result Sixty-three patients were recruited (24 BSO, 21 BSCO, 18 BESO), 73% of whom were low-income earners. There was no significant difference in the procedure cost nor the PSA or testosterone nadirs achieved over the three-month follow-up period (11.3, 12.6, 15.2 ng/ml (p=0.667) and 0.44, 0.64, 0.79 nmol/l (p=0.603) respectively). Those with pseudotesticles (BSCO, BESO) felt less emasculated (p=0.010). BSCO produced the least sexual bother, highest sexual function, and largest pseudotesticular volumes. The cosmetic appeal scores were similar between groups (77.9 ± 22.8, 81 ± 13.9, and 81.9 ± 22.5, respectively, p=0.858). Conclusion Endogenous pseudotesticular techniques, when compared with BSO, reduce the negative psychological impact experienced by patients without increasing costs. BSCO produced the best pseudotesticular volumes and postoperative sexual function. This study is registered with the ClinicalTrials.gov of the National Institute of Health U.S. National Library of Medicine as TEPSO study, NCT03744494: Comparison of the Therapeutic Efficacy and Patient Satisfaction of Three Techniques of Bilateral Orchidectomy in Prostate Cancer Patients of a Nigerian Sub-population. Registration completed on 16th of November, 2018 (registered retrospectively) NCT03744494.

Case Series: Use of Coralline Hydroxyapatite Graft In Faciomaxillary Surgery

Bone grafting represents an important solution for defects in maxillofacial and orthopaedic surgeries. Ideal properties of a bone graft allow proper integration, enabling cosmetic appeal and mechanical functionality. Whilst current autograft, allograft and xenograft applications do exist and are regularly used clinically, they are associated with numerous solutions, such as availability, disease transmission and donor site morbidity. Synthetic and naturally sourced solutions can avoid these issues, whilst maintaining the ideal bone integrative properties of their autograft counterparts. This case series aims to identify the effectiveness of a natural bone graft substitute, coralline hydroxyapatite, in maxillofacial applications, and demonstrate that coralline hydroxyapatite encourages bone ingrowth for dental defects.

Women’s Preference for Cosmesis of Incisions Used for Open Versus Robotic Lower Urinary Tract Reconstructive Surgery

OBJECTIVE: To compare the cosmetic appeal of incisions used for open (Pfannenstiel or Vertical midline) versus robotic-assisted laparoscopic lower urinary tract reconstructive surgery in women.&#x0D; STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional descriptive study&#x0D; PLACE AND DURATION: Outpatient Urology Clinic of Western General Hospital, Edinburgh Scotland, UK from 1st February 2019 till 28th February 2020. &#x0D; METHODS: All patients were provided illustrations of Pfannenstiel incision (incision at “bikini line”- (A), Vertical midline laparotomy incision (incision from midline symphysis to umbilicus –( B), Robotic-assisted laparoscopic incisions-variation I- (C) and Robotic-assisted laparoscopic incisions-variation II (-D). Patients were asked to rate each incision in order of their preference. Chi square distribution was used to compare mean previous surgeries and no previous surgeries between different preferred incisional groups and ages of the patients.&#x0D; RESULTS: One hundred patients with mean age were 53.11±15.05 years with minimum 19 years and maximum 84 years and mean BMI was 28.18±7.05 kg/m2 with minimum 15.6 and maximum 55 kg/m2 calculated. Out of 100 patients (1st preference of incision), 78% preferred incision A, 3% preferred B incision and 16% &amp; 3% patients preferred incision C and D respectively. Similarly (2nd preference of incision) 3% patients preferred incision A, 19% preferred B incision and 56% &amp; 22% patients preferred incision C and D respectively. The mean comparison between first preferred incision with second preferred incision with respect of surgeries (previous surgeries and no previous surgeries) showed significant difference p≤0.05 (chi value=167.692, p=0.000). Relation of preferred incisions with respect to ages of the patients showed no significant difference (Pearson relation value -0.182 and p=0.069).&#x0D; CONCLUSION: Overall, open incisions were preferred over robotic incisions. Patient perception of the "visibility" of abdominal incisions and previous experience in term of surgical scars may be the distinguishing issue to explain the difference in the preferences between open versus robotic-assisted laparoscopic incisions in women.