Corruption Research Articles

Konsep Kelestarian dari Perspektif Islam Berbanding Pendekatan Moden dalam Melestarikan Negara

The emergence of sustainability ideas aims to systematically tackle economic, social and environmental challenges that affect the people’s quality of life. Economic, social and environmental systems have been adversely affected by those who solely pursue personal gain in the long run but at the expense of the wellbeing of others. The idea of sustainability, drawn from the widely known Brundtland Report, states that a combination of environmental, social and economic pillars contribute to sustainability. However, the debate on the effectiveness of the theory continues as global populations are still affected by long-standing sustainability issues, such as global warming, persistent wealth inequality, poverty and food deprivation or hunger. This paper adds to the discussion on Islamic sustainability as an avenue emphasising the soft factor (i.e. human) that encompasses the soul, mind and intelligence (‘aql) in addressing sustainability problems. This Islamic perspective deines the roles of responsible human beings with the following principles, namely: i) fairness (‘adl); ii) expertise (ihsan); iii) the highest sense of human understanding (arham); and iv) not spreading mischief and moral corruption (fasad) in rebellion to God when managing national institutions. Based on these principles, human beings may manage a country fairly, implement expert management, take care of the welfare of others and do no harm in order to maintain sustainability of the country in the future. Keywords: Sustainability, Sustainable Development, Environment

A Study on Human Rights-Friendly Investigation of Corruption Investigation Office for High-ranking Officials(CIO)

A Study on Human Rights-Friendly Investigation of Corruption Investigation Office for High-ranking Officials(CIO)

Pesantren As An Alternative Education: Case Study On Motives Of Students' Guardians In The Islamic Boarding School Universitas Islam Indonesia

Pesantren, as an authentic educational institution initiated by Indonesian Muslims, provides parents an effective alternative to educate their children. For years, pesantren has proven trusted in educating youth and establishing a standard in both general and religious educations. In this study, the researchers will discuss factors that motivate parents to entrust pesantren as the institution to educate their children. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach. Data collection methods include observation, interviews, and the results of relevant studies. After analyzing the data, the results indicate that there are two types of motives among parents. First is general motivation in placing children in pesantren, namely intrinsic motivation which covers parents' ideals having a generation with the quality of faith and good moral conduct, forming morals, and building strong physical and mental. The other factor is extrinsic motivation, including intense, integrated, and comprehensive Islamic teaching, positive activities carried out continuously for 24 hours, and proper coaching methods. Conclusion: The two factors indicate that parents' motivation to entrust pesantren as an educational institution is relevant to current conditions in which the younger generation is prone to moral depravity.

Mad at the World: A Life of John Steinbeck

Mad at the World: A Life of John Steinbeck

Integrity Testing: A Projective Inventory Approach

The purpose of this study was to develop a projective inventory to measure integrity. The projective inventory (PI) is a 69 item (statements) scale consists of 6 situations designed to measure integrity. Integrity has six dimensions: a) Belief in higher order principles: truth, (b) Money as means not as end, (c) Moral courage: indifference to suffering, (d) Commitment to family and friends, (e) Involvement in corruption and (f) Favoritism. The projective inventory yields a total score and six scores corresponding to the dimensions of integrity. Each score was calculated according to agreement and disagreement to the statements given by the participants during the data collection. The results revealed that the average score on positive dimensions of integrity (moral courage: Indifference to suffering, truth & commitment respectively) were higher than the negative values traits of integrity (involvement in corruption & favoritism). Reliability of the projective inventory integrity is 0.94. The construct (convergent) validity of the test was examined in which the correlation of PI scores with Big Five personality attributes was found to be moderate, which indicates that PI measures something related to existing tools of integrity in slightly different manner. Factor analysis was carried out to find the factor structure of the scale. Factor analysis revealed three factors in terms of indifference to suffering commitment and truth. Taking all the dimensions of integrity together and analyzing the step-wise regression analysis, it was found that indifference to suffering is the best predictor of overall test followed by favoritism, commitment, corruption and truth.

Natural resource management: A systematic literature review

The earlier literature widely documented the role of natural resources in economic development and confined their findings either in support of resource blessing growth or resource curse hypothesis. The ample research on the stated theme has available in the relevant databases, supported with empirical data, while a few studies used a case study or mixed-method approach. The study identified plenty of room on a given topic by conducting a systematic literature review and synthesizing the literature in more meaningful inferences. After a thorough investigation of the literature review through systematic intervention, the study concludes that natural resource management is imperative for a country's sustained growth. Simultaneously, it is desirable to reduce resource conflicts, improve institutional performance, decrease corruption, and stabilize the political environment to get maximum natural resource management potential globally.

Becoming Sensible: Thoughts on Rafe McGregor’s Narrative Justice

Abstract I agree with Rafe McGregor’s overall intuition regarding the ethical dimension of narratives, and I wholeheartedly applaud his endeavors to support the humanities via his particular methodology. However, there are several issues where we disagree, and I develop these in my commentary. Primarily, I challenge the epistemic framework underlying his theory, his account on the phenomenology of literary engagements, and, what I see as the most problematic aspect of his theory, the openness to the possibility of moral corruption via art. I end by raising some considerations regarding the practical implementation of his theory into our culture.

A Study on the Impact of Corruption on the Mexico Economy

A Study on the Impact of Corruption on the Mexico Economy

Las representaciones contemporáneas de tragedias griegas y su relación con problemas de actualidad: tres ejemplos en Andalucía

Teniendo siempre en mente la intemporalidad de los textos clásicos, en este trabajo se ha analizado, a partir de la lectura de traducciones de los textos griegos y del estudio de grabaciones de tres montajes andaluces, la relación con problemas de actualidad que tendríantres tragedias griegas: Prometeo encadenado , Antígona y Medea . De este modo, atendiendo a la escenografía, el vestuario y la música, se observa que en Prometeo (2014), Antígona o la felicidad (2006) y Medea, la extranjera (2004) se reflejan temas intemporales como lacorrupción, el poder, la felicidad, la hipocresía, la xenofobia o la condición de la mujer, a través de recursos escénicos, dramáticos y artísticos que remiten a la significación contemporánea de esos temas, acercándolos, por tanto, al público y demostrando su plena relación con la actualidad. Always considering the timelessness of classical texts, the connection between three Greek tragedies, Prometheus Bound , Antigone and Medea , and current issues has been analysed in this work basing on the reading of Greek texts translations and the study of three videorecorded Andalusian performances. This way, focusing on scenography, costumes and music, it is observed that in Prometeo (Prometheus , 2014), Antígona o la felicidad (Antigone or Happiness , 2006) and Medea, la extranjera (Medea the Foreigner, 2004), timeless topics such as corruption, power, happiness, hypocrisy, xenophobia or the status of women are reflected through scenic, dramatic and artistic resources that refer to the contemporary significance of those topics, bringing them closer to the audience and proving their full relationship to contemporary issues.

CBT: The Cognitive Behavioural Tsunami: Managerialism Politics, and the Corruptions of Science

CBT: The Cognitive Behavioural Tsunami: Managerialism Politics, and the Corruptions of Science

Corruption and Public Pension Underfunding

Corruption exacerbates state pension underfunding through all relevant aspects: a more generous pension benefit promise, lower actuarially required contributions (ARC), lower actual contributions, and poorer investment performance. By reducing corruption by one standard deviation from the mean, states could have annually saved pension benefit by 10.24% (or, $1,894.64 per recipient), increased ARC by 4.40%, elevated actual contribution by 8.46%, and improved investment return by 4.72%, in the period 2003-2013, compared to those at the mean of corruption. Improved insulation of pension operations from corrupt officials, as well as reduction of public corruption, can make a significant contribution to reducing the pension funding crisis that haunts American state and local government.

Problematika Moralitas Seksual Postmodern menurut Perspektif 1 Korintus 6:12-20

Artikel ini menggunakan metode studi literatur yang membahas tentangproblematika moralitas seksual postmodern dalam perspektif 1 Korintus 6:12-20. Kebobrokan moralitas seksual dari kehidupan jemaat Korintus yang amoralitas dan sembarang, masih terjadi sampai era postmodern ini, seperti pelacuran, inses (hubungan seksual dengan saudara kandung), dan homoseksual. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk melihat sejauhmana moralitas menjadi acuan atau nilai dalam kehidupan masyarakat di era postmodern. Hermeneutik menjadi suatu metode dalam pengkajian 1 Korintus 6:12-20.Pemilihan teks 1 Korintus 6:12-20, dikarenakan teks tersebut membahassecara prinsip bagaimana moralitas seksual secara alkitabiah. Hasil daripenelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa moralitas menjadi acuan atau nilaikehidupan bagi masyarkat tak terkecuali orang-orang percaya, maka kajian ini diharapkan menjadi sebuah landasan moralitas yang baru di erapostmodern.

Plant-derived stimulants and psychoactive substances – social and economic aspects

An analysis of the drug market was carried out, in the context of changing patterns of drug use, cultural and social factors as well as economic and links with wider crime. The drug markets remain one of the most profitable areas of economic activity of organized criminal groups. The impact of the drug market on society is enormous and goes beyond the immediate effects of their use. It involves participation in other types of criminal activity and terrorism, impact on legally operating companies and the economy, the burden on public institutions and corruption, as well as the impact on the whole society and its health. Globalization and technological development has accelerated the pace of changes taking place on the drug market. Geographically, this type of activity focuses on several existing for a long time, but also on new markets. Changes in this area pose a challenge for entities undertaking actions in response to problems related to the functioning of the drug markets, including those indirectly resulting from them. A detailed analysis of the conditions for growing the most common types of stimulants has also been made and the key information on this subject is presented in the following work.

Lei de improbidade administrativa: uma revisão sistemática

A Lei de Improbidade Administrativa representa um marco na legislação brasileira no que concerne o combate à corrupção. Ao estabelecer limites no rol de atuação dos agentes públicos, a Lei sanciona condutas atentatórias ao erário e aos princípios da Administração Pública. Porém, após duas décadas de vigência, a aplicação dessa norma ainda permeia diálogos no campo da ciência jurídica. Dessa forma, esse artigo tem o objetivo de realizar uma revisão sistemática de literatura com o intuito de investigar a produção científica de artigos que versem sobre essa matéria. Entende-se que essa revisão permitirá identificar as lacunas existentes, orientando assim, futuros estudos sobre o tema. A base de dados escolhida foi o Periódico CAPES onde foram selecionados 11 estudos. Ao analisar os resultados pode-se constatar um grande lapso temporal entre a vigência da lei e a publicação dos artigos pesquisados. Isto demonstra que, apesar de 28 anos de vigência, a Lei de Improbidade continua sendo alvo de discussão. Observou-se a inevitável associação das pesquisas a condutas corruptas e a improbidade administrativa nas condutas ofensivas ao meio ambiente. Outro ponto de destaque é a utilização da metodologia qualitativa, pela maioria dos pesquisadores.

From the Hood to the White House: The Cultural Imaginary of Presidential Blackness in Head of State

This article analyzes the film Head of State’s cultural imaginary of presidential blackness that signifies national progress while sublimating social conflict. The plot imagines a black man from the hood successfully running for presidency, living the American dream, and becoming an unconventional national icon. His symbolic blackness comprises two markers of difference: his identification with the disenfranchised hood and the black diaspora. As he challenges racial inequality in the U.S. as well as moral corruption among the élite, he unifies one historical fiction of America. I focus on how the film attributes an anti-establishment legacy to a minority president based on his countercultural identity performances although he remains complicit with foundational institutions of government. While the film projects hopes for future racial and economic equality upon a fictional black president and strategically redefines the American dream, I argue that it appropriates and revives American exceptionalist myths.

The Lavender Scare: How Fear and Prejudice Impacted a Nation in Crisis

The Cold War time period was marked by fear and uncertainty. This was reflected by the treatment towards lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) individuals in the political and social spheres, known as the Lavender Scare. Policies such as Executive Order 10450 (1953) and the 1947 Sex Perversion Elimination Act prevented LGBTQ+ individuals from gaining meaningful employment and further complicated social stigma of gayness. The policies were primarily enacted to use queer individuals as scapegoats for the panic of the time and conflated the perceived moral corruption of Communists with the perceived moral corruption of LGBTQ+ individuals. The policies and social opinion worked together in a self-perpetuating cycle of increasing discrimination for queer individuals while inter-sectionally impacting issues like feminism.

ANALISIS PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH AGUNG NO. 46/P/HUM/2018 MENGENAI LARANGAN MANTAN TERPIDANA KORUPSI MENJADI BAKAL CALON LEGISLATIF

The promulgation of the General Election Commission Regulation Number 20 of 2018 has caused controversy because it is deemed not to comply with the existence of the Constitutional Court Decision Number 42/PUU-VIII/2015 which revokes the prohibition for former convicts of corruption, narcotics, and pedophilia to become legislative candidates. Against the enactment of this regulation, a judicial review was submitted and in the Supreme Court Decision No: 46P/HUM/2018 the panel of judges stated that Article 4 paragraph (3) contradicts a higher regulation and does not have binding legal force and does not apply generally. This study analyzes the position of former corruption convicts as legislative candidates and the decision ratio of the Supreme Court No: 46/P/HUM/2018. This research is a normative legal research using a statutory approach, a conceptual approach and a case approach. The results of the study show that former corruption convicts should not be legislative candidates. Regulations on limiting the political rights of a citizen must be contained in law, not regulated in statutory regulations under law.

The Moral Bankrupts in Elizabeth Bowen’s “The Disinherited”

본 연구는 엘리자베스 보웬의 단편 「상속을 박탈당한 자」에 대한 꼼꼼한 읽기를 시도한다. 단편소설로서는 다양한 인물과 무거운 주제를 다루는 이 작품에서 보웬은 20세기 초 제1차 세계대전과 그 후 경제대공황이라는 정신적 혼란과 경제적 궁핍의 시기를 겪으며 존재의 무익함 속에 도덕성이 타락하고 정체성이 와해되는 위험에 처한 젊은이들의 섬뜩한 생존의 비전을 보여준다. 「상속을 박탈당한 자」는 궁핍한 특권층계층의 게으르고 부도덕한 젊은 남녀의 기생적 삶의 모습과, 경제력의 변화로 신분상승 중인 중산층의 소심하고 수줍은 여성의 하룻밤 일탈경험, 그리고 살인을 저지르고 신분을 바꾼 하층계급의 한 남성이 반복해서 썼다 불태우는 편지의 혼란스런 고백 서사를 통해, 타락한 현재 삶의 모습을 상호 병치시켜 묘사한다. 등장인물들이 표출하는 이와 같은 사회적, 도덕적 병폐와 마비된 열정과 무력감은 인물의 내면심리를 반영하는 장소나 분위기의 수사적 비유를 통해 더욱 강력하게 드러난다. 특히 보웬은 독특한 하층계급 인물의 기이한 이야기를 끼워 넣는 서사전략을 통해 단편소설에서 다성적 서사의 가능성을 확장하면서도 단편소설 장르 특유의 단일한 효과로 수렴하는 데 성공한다. 이로써 보웬은 「상속을 박탈당한 자」에서 ‘새로운 시적 실재성’을 구현하며 인간존엄에 대한 ‘심미적이며 도덕적인 진실’에 천착하고 있음을 본 연구는 규명한다.This essay conducts a close reading of Elizabeth Bowen’s short story, “The Disinherited” (1934). The story betrays the grotesque vision of the spiritual malaise, dislocation, moral corruption, and horrifying cruelty in the economically depressed and psychologically confusing 1930s’ England. The dark vision is encapsulated in a juxtaposition of three different social classes: the parasitic lives ex-aristocrats led, a deviational late-night gathering a middle-class woman happened to join in, and the macabre tales a lower-class chauffeur enumerated in a gruesome, fragmentary and repetitious manner. Bowen depicts the harmful consequences of the disordered social structure and disoriented conventional values resulting from paralyzed passion and moral bankruptcy, together with detailed descriptions of changing seasons or morbidly uncanny dream-like atmosphere and sombre scenes in question. In particular, this essay elaborates on the significance of the chauffeur’s confessional monologue in the story. For it is not a mere fantasy weakening the story’s ingenuity and subtlety, but works for the ‘single effect’ central to the short story genre with its poetic and dramatic experiment.

TRAICIÓN A LA PATRIA, LAS INCONDUCTAS DE LOS PERUANOS EN TIEMPOS DE CORONAVIRUS

La inesperada aparición de una mortal enfermedad de rápida proliferación entre las personas en el mundo, que ha cambiado nuestros hábitos de vida, sobre todo relucir ese actuar inhumano frente a nuestros compatriotas, por esta razón, se ha considerado que las conductas corruptas deban ser incorporadas al tipo penal del delito de traición a la patria, por la incorrecta actuación y la cruel indiferencia que existe a consecuencia del COVID-19, el aprovechamiento, la indiferencia, el egoísmo y que no importe la necesidad vital de los demás, perjudicando vilmente a los que más lo necesitan en momentos de crisis, evidencia que los hombres somos presas de la corrupción, que no descansa, se suman las miles de muertes en el país, producto de la existencia de esas conductas por gran parte de la ciudadanía a comportamientos tan insensibles hacen que parezcan innatos en los peruanos.

The ethics of maxima and minima combined with social justice as a form of public corruption prevention

In recent decades, corruption has become one of the main problems perceived by Spanish society. As a result, the country’s citizens are experiencing a high level of disenchantment with politics and a general loss of confidence in the way public institutions function. Although in the last few years more stringent laws have been brought in to speed up procedures and help pursue crimes of corruption, the fact of the matter is that they have done little to reduce these cases and so they are not enough to put an end to the problem. There is a strong likelihood that, if a positive morality and a strong mutual union between ethics and politics were in place, legal loopholes would not be used for individual profitmaking operations that make a mockery of justice and the common good. Because of this, and taking public ethics as a basis, this article will review and discuss Adela Cortina’s hermeneutic definitions “of maxima and minima” and Agustin Domingo Moratalla’s concept of “social justice” in order to suggest tools that can be applied in preventing and fighting against political corruption.