Corruption In Public Administration Research Articles

ANALYSIS OF INTERNATIONAL LEGISLATION REGARDING REGULATION OF THE MANIFESTATIONS OF CORRUPTION IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

The article is devoted to the analysis of international legislation on the regulation of manifestations of corruption in public administration. The introductory part states that corruption affects all spheres of social life, contributes to the spread of organized crime, creates social tension, creates uncertainty among the population in the ability of the authorities to implement organizational and practical measures to overcome the systemic crisis and revive Ukraine. Various approaches to the interpretation of the concept of «corruption» have been presented, in particular that it is both a «struggle for obtaining the maximum benefit» and «a social evil that spreads a negative image, or public crimes that usually intensively spread a negative image and practices», or «abuse state powers to create personal benefits» etc. It is noted that developing countries are more susceptible to the influence of corruption for various reasons, including the following: total poverty and low wages in the public sector; the absence of any risk-sharing mechanisms, such as insurance and a developed market; opportunities provided by complex, ill-defined, constantly changing and inadequate rules and regulations; lack of properly established laws and principles. A number of different international acts (conventions) adopted to combat corruption in a strategically planned manner are analyzed. It was emphasized that the introduction of changes in the legislative sphere took place on the basis of global surveys. It was concluded that the process of systematic updating and analysis of the international legal field contributes to the development of capacity, and also establishes benchmarks for the effectiveness of public administration, which can be monitored and measured. In view of global achievements, there is a need to develop and adopt a national system of integrity, which will provide a basis for analyzing both the causes of corruption and the adequacy and effectiveness of anti-corruption reforms.

Прозорість як засіб запобігання корупції в державному управлінні

The paper examines the issue of transparency as a tool for preventing corruption in public administration. The analysis is conducted by analysing the causes of the phenomenon and its main economic and social effects, in the decision-making processes of the public administration. Furthermore, the work focuses on the analysis of the main international legislative experiences and, in particular, the Italian one, which demonstrate the emergence of ‘transparency rights’ in order to curb administrative mismanagement behaviour (not only offences) and encourage virtuous behaviour.

Corruption in Public Administration: Evaluation of its Impact on Government Efficiency

Corruption in public administration is a serious problem that negatively affects society and the functioning of the State. It is essential to address this issue effectively to promote transparency, integrity and trust in government institutions. This research aims to review the existing literature on the evaluation of corruption and its effects on the effectiveness of public administration. Three research questions were posed following the PICO methodology (1) What is the effect of corruption on the population's trust in government institutions?, (2) What mechanisms to prevent and combat corruption in public administration have been implemented in different countries?, (3) What is the impact of corruption on government efficiency? The investigations were carried out using the Scopus database and Web of Science for which inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to identification, screening and including 40 relevant articles. The results elucidate citizens' perception of corruption in public administration, as well as the sources that cause this scourge. In addition, the key findings of the review are presented, including the mechanisms to prevent and combat corruption implemented in different contexts. It is concluded that to combat corruption requires a joint effort from society, the government and entities in order to promote transparency and strengthen institutions, which in turn will contribute to building a more just and trustworthy society.

Problematic issues in the budget system of Ukraine

The article discusses the problems and shortcomings in Ukraine's budget system. The main factors of inefficient budget execution are considered. The execution of Ukraine's state budget and trends in revenues and expenditures for 2026-2022 are analyzed, and the reasons for non-execution of the state budget are identified. It is determined that to avoid corruption in public administration, it is necessary to develop a set of methods covering all aspects of the system. The directions that will allow the formation of strong and independent anti-corruption agencies and institutions that will expand the powers to combat corruption are indicated. Measures to reform the justice system to enable fair consideration of corruption cases are highlighted. To eliminate financial abuses in Ukraine's budget system, proposals have been made to ensure transparency and openness of public administration. It is determined that innovations, especially technologies, can be used to create more reliable systems for managing public finances. It is proved that the budget system should be the center of internal control and audit within the organization. Strengthening these processes will ensure prompt detection and elimination of potential violations. All these measures should have public support and active participation of citizens in monitoring the conditions for spending budget funds. Only an open and inclusive system can prevent the misuse of funds. It is also proposed to expand Ukrainians' access to information and improve e-government systems, which will reduce corruption and meet ethical standards for civil servants to maintain integrity in public authorities. Possible methods of combating the main obstacles of the budget system have been put forward, and recommendations have been added to normalize the economic and social situation by overcoming problematic issues that negatively affect the state of the country. The main problem – inefficient distribution of budget funds – has been studied. In the example of the local budget of the Zaporizhzhia region, the main directions of budget distribution are considered. Keywords: budget system, budget, problems, socio-economic situation, financial stability, corruption.

Abuses in Public Administration and Their Perception

Corruption not only hinders economic growth, but also undermines trust in public institutions, increases public spending and threatens the functioning of democracy. In addition to the financial damage, corruption in public administration has a serious social impact: it determines the trust of members of society in public governance and the civil service, it has a close impact on the fair and efficient use of public funds, and it affects the international image of the country. We aim to provide an overview of how corruption is present in public administration, how it differs from corruption in the private sector and how it can be intertwined with the public and private sectors. To identify methods to prevent corruption in public administration and to find out how public officials experience the functioning and effectiveness of these methods in practice.

Factors Affecting Corruption Control in Public Administration: Evidence from Vietnam

Objective: This study aims to enhance the current body of knowledge on corruption prevention in Vietnam, which predominantly relies on qualitative research. The objective is to augment this understanding by conducting quantitative research. We investigate the influence of five key factors - institutional, cultural, political, economic, and personal - on individuals' confidence in the government's ability to combat corruption in public administration in Vietnam. Methods: To achieve our objective, we employed a purposeful sampling method, involving a study sample size of 200 participants. A multivariable linear regression model was used to examine our research hypothesis. Results: Our findings reveal that all five factors, namely institutional, cultural, political, economic, and personal, have a positive and statistically significant impact on the control of corruption within Vietnam's public administration. Notably, the political factor exerts the most substantial influence. Suggestions: The implications of our results underscore the importance of instituting institutional reforms that prioritize transparency, accountability, and the promotion of good governance practices. Such measures are vital for fostering public trust and confidence in the government's capacity to prevent and combat corruption within Vietnam's public administration system.

The Main Directions of Improving the Effectiveness of the Fight Against Corruption in Russian State Authorities

The topic of fighting against corruption is relevant, because corruption is an extremely dangerous phenomenon for society. The Economic Security Strategy of the Russian Federation consistently proves that corruption is one of the threats to the state, since it is inextricably linked with such threats as an increase in the share of the shadow economy, increased differentiation of the population by income level, insufficient investment, low economic growth, inefficient public administration and a decrease in the quality of education and medicine. The issue of corruption in public administration was particularly acute, since corrupt affects power structures and it inevitably leads to the destabilization of the entire State system. The analysis of the level of corruption in the Russian Federation carried out in this article led to the conclusion that existing anti-corruption law enforcement practices are ineffective in our country, and the corruption of State authorities is particularly dangerous. The purpose of the research is to develop measures for anti-corruption activities in Russian state institutions based on an assessment of the level of corruption in state authorities and management. The practical significance lies in the formulation of a number of recommendations for improving anti-corruption measures implemented in the Russian Federation.

Exploring the Demographic Determinants of Integrity in Careerist Senior Civil Servants: Role of Social Norms and Security

Given rising concerns over corruption globally, this research investigates the factors that influence integrity. The study found no statistically significant effect of prior education, geography, or experience on the integrity levels of careerist senior civil servants (CSCS) in India (also known as, Indian administrative service officers), which is infamous for corruption in public administration. We posit that this might be attributed to heightened social security received by CSCS amply aided by social contagion, rigorous training, and network effects, which impact the maintenance of integrity at the individual level. Our study supplements the existing rationale of bureaucratic reputation theory, social contagion theory and public service motivations. We argue that corruption in a democratic government in a lower-middle-income country is often a result of an interconnected network of stakeholders that CSCS may have a limited ability to influence, resulting in a quiet life equilibrium.

Investigating corruption, maladministration and misconduct in public administration: Has South Australia struck the right balance?

This article considers the appropriateness of reforms to the South Australian Independent Commission Against Corruption (ICAC) passed by the state Parliament in 2021. Specifically, the author considers the narrower definition of ‘corruption’ in public administration for the purposes of ICAC investigations, and further examines the transfer of ‘misconduct’ and ‘maladministration’ investigations to the SA Ombudsman. The author contends that the excessive application of ICAC power on alleged minor offending justified a transfer of responsibility for such matters. However, the amended definition of corruption in public administration is argued to unreasonably limit the intended utility of the ICAC.

Administrative Law Forms and Methods of Corruption Prevention in Public Administration in the Mechanism of Ensuring Protection of the Rights and Freedoms of Citizens of the Russian Federation

The study is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of the content and features of the currently existing administrative law forms and methods used to prevent corruption in public administration of the Russian Federation. The authors draw attention to the high level of public danger of corruption and its manifestations. It is emphasized that corruption is one of the main threats to Russia’s national security. The paper describes the main universal legal and doctrinal approaches to corruption prevention and corruption manifestations in public administration bodies at federal, regional and municipal levels of government. The authors have revealed the main causes of corruption in public administration; their detailed classification is given. The paper also considers the main directions of the state anti-corruption policy of the Russian Federation in public administration bodies. Attention is focused on the participation of civil society institutions in the implementation of certain areas of anti-corruption. The paper presents the authors’ proposals for improving legal foundations of the currently existing domestic system of anti-corruption forms and methods aimed at preventing and minimizing corruption manifestations. The paper analyzes types, content, and features of their application in public administration activities.

Corruption in Public Administration and National Development in Nigeria

Corruption in Public Administration and National Development in Nigeria

Public State Authorities in the Russian Federation and Foreign Countries

The paper examines fundamental doctrinal and legal aspects of organization of the system of public power in the Russian Federation and foreign countries. The authors analize approaches and opinions of Russian scholars in relation to categories of «public administration», «public authorities», «public control». The paper summarizes the experience of functioning of various foreign state bodies that carry out public administration in various fields. The authors emphasize that consolidation of public power in foreign countries provides any individual with the opportunity for closer interaction with the public authority. Special attention is paid to the elements of the system of public power. In the Russian Federation, they include not only state and local government bodies, but also a large number of organizations exercising public powers. The article discusses peculiarities of transformation of modern public administration in conditions of digitalization. Special attention is paid to the use of digital technologies in order to combat corruption in public administration.

Corruption in Public Administration as a Brake on Transition to Industry 4.0

The transition to Industry 4.0 presumes the use of innovation potential which is also determined by the institutional environment, including the level of corruption and its perception. The post-communist countries of Central and Eastern Europe are characterized by a higher level of corruption and higher share of the shadow economy, which can fundamentally reduce their innovation potential and thus become the brake on the transition to Industry 4.0. The aim of this paper is thus to evaluate the effects of corruption in public administration on the size and structure of the shadow economy, and to determine whether the existence of corruption may affect the transition of a country and society to Industry 4.0. Based on an extended DSGE (Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium) model and using the data for the Czech Republic, the paper finds that corruption in public administration has a much more destructive and long-term effect on the capital accumulation than on the size of the workforce. In that sense, corruption can become a significant obstacle to the transition, underlining that the task of public policies is not only to support digitization, robotization, and further development of technologies, but especially to ensure a transparent non-corrupt environment of public administration.

Административно-правовые формы и методы противодействия коррупции в Российской Федерации и Республике Беларусь

Corruption is one of the main threats to the entire world community. The Russian Federation takes an active part in countering this negative phenomenon. This is expressed in anti-corruption cooperation at the level of international organizations, as well as in the adoption and further ratification of international legal acts. Russia is a member of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), within which model laws are adopted, which created the preconditions for the formation of the most important anti-corruption institutions, which subsequently began to be introduced into the Russian legal system: anti-corruption expertise of legal acts, anticorruption monitoring, anti-corruption standards, anti-corruption programs, status reports corruption and implementation of anti-corruption policy measures, etc. The administrative and legal forms and methods of combating corruption in Russia are enshrined in federal laws, as well as in the laws of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The main form of countering corruption in Russia is government plans and programs. With regard to the field of functioning of the civil service in the Russian Federation, such an administrative and legal form as anti-corruption standards is actively developing, including a unified system of prohibitions, restrictions and permissions that ensure the prevention of corruption. Another important promising legal form of combating corruption in public administration is special administrative regulations related to ensuring the implementation of anti-corruption measures. In Belarus, a model of combating corruption is being implemented very similar to the Russian one. According to the legislation of the Republic of Belarus, public control is actively used in the fight against corruption. At the national level, special criteria for assessing the activities of state bodies and other organizations in the fight against corruption and economic offenses have been approved. One of the rather interesting anti-corruption measures used in Belarus is the payment of remuneration to an individual who contributed to the identification of corruption. The authors came to the conclusion that the de facto "ideal" model of combating corruption in the world simply does not exist. There are examples of individual countries that have indeed achieved significant results in the fight against corruption. Existing trends in domestic practice reflect a gradual shift away from the use of tough anti-corruption measures towards more flexible economic and administrative mechanisms, which are showing their effectiveness in some countries of Europe and Asia. It is important to continue working in this direction, to improve the legal and organizational foundations of combating corruption, and to gradually introduce effective anticorruption forms and methods into Russian practice. The authors declare no conflicts of interests.

The Costs of Bureaucracy and Corruption at Customs: Evidence from the Computerization of Imports in Colombia

Customs face a difficult tradeoff between, on one side, collecting tariff revenues and preventing smuggling, and on the other side, avoiding creating additional barriers to trade. They also tend to concentrate discretionary power in the hands of officials whose decisions can bear high costs for the firms, creating room for rent extraction. In this context, information technologies can limit direct interactions, reduce transaction costs and allow local businesses to better take of the benefits of international trade. We assess the effects of the computerization of import transactions on plants’ growth in Colombia. The reform occurred sequentially in the different customs between 2000 and 2005, allowing us to use a triple-difference strategy, comparing the change in outcome variables of plants that were importing before the beginning of the reform, to the one of firms that were not importing (less likely to be affected by changes at customs). We find that the computerization of imports led to an increase of 6 log points in the firms’ value added along with consequent increases in employment, productivity and tax collection. However, it generated winners (importing firms) and losers (non-importing firms). Our investigation of the channels reveals a reduction in corruption judiciary cases at treated customs, as well as a reduction of time to clear customs and its unpredictability. Our results support growing evidence of the high potential of proper use of information technologies to improve efficiency and tackle corruption in public administration with important consequences for the economy.

Международно-правовое регулирование противодействия коррупции в государственном управлении Российской Федерации

The article analyses the provisions of the main international legal instruments against corruption in relation to the system of public administration of the Russian Federation. The authors emphasise that corruption poses a threat to the entire international community. Corrupt practices destabilise the functioning of state apparatuses of different countries, undermine the national economies and make the stable process of development of social and state institutions impossible. These circumstances have led to the international adoption of a number of legal instruments: the International Code of Conduct for Public Officials (1996), the Criminal Law Convention on Corruption (1999), the Civil Law Convention on Corruption (1999), the United Nations Convention against Corruption (2003) and others. These legal instruments set out the most effective forms and methods of combating corruption, which the participating countries can apply in their national legal systems. However, there are certain controversial and debatable aspects related to the implementation of the provisions of certain international legal acts against corruption. For example, the Russian Federation has not ratified the 1999 Convention on Civil Liability for Corruption or Article 20 of the United Nations Convention against Corruption of 2003. The authors conclude that there is now a need to strengthen the activities of the relevant authorities and officials to achieve better results in the fight against corruption. Anti-corruption measures need to be more actively implemented and applied not only in public authorities, but also in state and non-state enterprises and institutions. At present, work in these areas is being carried out, but not always in a quick, qualitative, consistent and systematic manner. The implementation of anti-corruption forms and methods is simply impossible without international cooperation due to the fact that corruption itself has ceased to be a problem of individual states. With this in mind, it is essential for Russia to strive for the widest possible application of anticorruption international legal instruments within the domestic legal system. In the conclusion of the article, the authors emphasise that the Russian Federation is actively and dynamically participating in the international legal regulation of anticorruption. Cooperation in this area has reached an exceptionally high level, which is recognised by many foreign partners. Ultimately, the application of international legal anticorruption measures in Russia will improve the system for combating corruption in public administration. The provisions of international instruments accumulate solid experience of many countries in this area. This experience can and should be used in our country. The authors declare no conflicts of interests.

LEGAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL PRINCIPLES OF PREVENTION OF CORRUPTION IN THE FIELD OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION OF UKRAINE

Problem setting. Increased corruption at all levels of government has led to a significant minimization of the efficiency and performance of the entire system of political institutions, negatively affected the socio-economic well-being of the population, hampered the foundations of democracy, rule of law and civil society, created a real threat to Ukraine's national security. Therefore, the problem of preventing and combating corruption in the field of public administration is relevant and needs to be addressed immediately.
 Recent research and publications analysis on the prevention and combating of corruption in public authorities and local government shows a significant interest of scientists (N. Armash, K. Babenko, Y. Bisaga, A. Horowitz, K. Dubich, L. Campbell, I. Kerusauskaite, M. Kornienko, V. Tertyshnyk, S. Lazarenko, N. Lord, M. Melnyk, F. Mendes, A. Novak, S. Rose-Ackerman, I. Skobina, A. Stevanovich, V. Trepak, J. E. Foster, I. Shvydkyi and many others) to improve mechanisms to combat corruption in Ukraine. However, despite numerous studies and effective proposals to overcome this destructive phenomenon in the public sector, this problem remains unresolved.
 Goal setting. The purpose of this article is to find effective legal and organizational tools to combat corruption in public administration in the conditions of the modern development of the Ukrainian state.
 Paper main body. During the years of independence, corruption has taken root at all levels of government and in many spheres of society, which was facilitated by political, economic, socio-psychological, organizational and managerial reasons. In addition, numerous forms of corruption were institutionalized into informal destructive institutions (nepotism, cronyism, patrimonialism, clientelism, favoritism, etc.), which led to the establishment of clan governance practices and leveling any prospects for state development.
 Based on the analysis of legal and organizational principles of preventing corruption in public authorities and local self-government, the authors propose a number of effective tools to combat corruption in the sphere of public administration, including, for example, high-ranking officials’ reports on their wealth and income through e-declarations, the institution of whistleblowers, control by anti-corruption bodies and public organizations over the wealth of those in power, the integrity of civil servants, anti-corruption activities of the media and anti-corruption education.
 Conclusions of the research. In order to optimize the current anti-corruption mechanisms, we consider it appropriate to take into account such factors as comprehensive rule of law and improvement of anti-corruption norms in order to prevent gaps and avoidance of legal liability for corruption, ensuring transparency of all management processes as well as transparent use and disposal of budget funds, adherence to the principles of openness and accessibility of information on the activities of public authorities and local self-government and ensuring effective interaction between public authorities and civil society organizations, a fair justice system, independent media and an active civil society.

LIABILITY AND COMPENSATION OF DAMAGE FOR ACTS OF CORRUPTION

Corruption is the most dangerous social disease or the biggest social problem that civilization is facing in historical continuity. It is one of the most serious and widespread forms of crime in modern societies, regardless of whether the country is rich or poor, developed or underdeveloped or what kind of system it has. Hence, to speak of corruption as a phenomenon is a significant opportunity to get into the essence of this negative and widespread phenomenon, which penetrates deep into the pores of society and causes great harmful consequences to the overall social, economic, moral and other types of system. It can be said that corruption is the generator of the most serious threats today: wars, terrorism, organized crime and more. Given the seriousness of the problem of corruption, it is necessary to establish an interdisciplinary approach in the fight against it. The complexity of corruption itself necessarily requires its consideration from every aspect and the involvement of all means and instruments in the fight against it. Namely, although it is often thought that the notion of corruption should include only the criminal legal notion, criminalizing active and passive bribery and abuse of office by officials for the purpose of realizing some personal benefit for themselves or for someone else. Such a narrow approach does not coincide with the effective fight against corruption, because it is not only a violation of criminal law norms, but also of the administrative, social, moral and economic norms of a society. For these reasons, it is necessary to define corruption from a broader aspect, i.e., from a political-social aspect as a social evil that causes consequences in every sphere of society. Hence, this paper will try to answer some questions related to the legal institute - compensation for acts of corruption, as it can be an important tool in the fight against corruption in public administration. Namely, apart from the state itself and its organs, the citizens themselves who are victims of corruption can become an important tool in detecting and combating it. That is why it is necessary to raise public awareness about the possibility of compensating for the damage suffered by the corrupt acts of public servants. Well-informed citizens, who are aware of their rights and are ready to defend them, are a strong support of the system of social integrity. On the other hand, an apathetic public that does not know its rights and accepts abuse by the administration, creates a basis for the spread of corruption. The research should also show whether this institute can and is applied in our country, as well as to show the reasons for the current situation in terms of its practical application and implementation. Among other things, he will offer a series of measures and activities that need to be taken with the ultimate goal, improving the current situation and increasing the use of this tool in the fight against corruption.

Political machines and the curse of public resources in subnational democracies

PurposeThis paper argues that decentralization reforms in Colombia, implemented since the 1980s, have led to the decentralization of political clientelism rather than its demise. Clientelism is a system of political and economic institutions that turns every local democracy into an extractive political institution. The authors theoretically demonstrate that an increase in public resources will increase corruption.Design/methodology/approachThe authors develop and test a subnational public choice model, where clientelism in elections and corruption in public administration constitute a stable long-term institutional equilibrium. The model comprises two linked subgames: electoral tournament and corruption in public policy. The model makes two predictions that currently oppose predominant approaches: (1) increasing the severity of jail sentences to electoral crimes increases their price and the predominance of machine politics, instead of improving the quality of electoral tournaments and (2) increasing local governments' public finance increases clientelism in elections and corruption in public administration.FindingsThe authors find evidence in favor of the theoretical model of curse of public resources, using difference-in-differences estimation with a database 2016–17 of Colombia's 1,034 municipalities. This country is well-suited for our analysis because it has a long-term commitment to formal democratic processes (since 1958), while plagued by endemic corruption and clientelism problems.Originality/value(1) The theoretical approach is innovative and disruptive of current models on the problem, (2) the model builds upon the Colombian situation, a country with prominent corruption and political violence problems regardless of its relatively long-term commitment with free elections (since 1958) and (3) the theoretical discussion is tested using a comprehensive set of difference-in-differences estimations.

Corruption contagion as a sociocultural phenomenon: An agent-based model

Corruption is a social problem that seriously affects the functioning of society and in some cases, it is even perceived as an acceptable social behavior. The acceptance or rejection of corruption depends both on the own judgment and on the observed behavior in the environment; so that corruption can be spread or eradicated through social interaction. In this work, we study the convergence dynamics of society towards honesty in view of the implementation of two mechanisms: the modification of the individual perception of corruption; and the complaint of corruption. Since corruption is a complex socioeconomic phenomenon, we study it from the perspective of Agent-Based Modeling. The framework of our analysis is corruption in public administration, which is the one that has the most incidence in Mexico. We found that the mechanism that most favors the eradication of corruption is the complaint. Results also suggest that societies can converge towards honesty even when initial corruption is high, but not majority. Unfortunately, the low credibility in the system discourages reporting, so effective implementation and monitoring of reporting, together with fostering social awareness that corruption affects us all, should be promoted.