Corrosion Inhibition Of Steel Research Articles

A study on inhibition efficiency of (-)-corey lactone diol as corrosion inhibitor for low carbon steel, in hydrochloric acid: Surface characterisation and quantum studies

A study on inhibition efficiency of (-)-corey lactone diol as corrosion inhibitor for low carbon steel, in hydrochloric acid: Surface characterisation and quantum studies

Enhanced Corrosion Resistance of Mild Steel in Acidic Media Using PVA‐Chitosan‐Dopamine Composite Coatings

AbstractIn this study, corrosion control of mild steel in acidic media was conducted in the presence of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)‐chitosan and PVA‐chitosan‐dopamine composite coatings. Weight loss, polarization, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) studies were conducted to study the protective mechanisms and performance of PVA‐chitosan coatings. The results showed a substantial reduction in weight loss, corrosion rates, and corrosion current densities for coated specimens indicating the effectiveness of the composite coatings. PVA‐chitosan and PVA‐chitosan‐dopamine coatings showed high inhibition efficiencies (IE) up to 90.65 % and 96.01 % respectively. The electrochemical findings were supported using surface characterization techniques such as SEM to obtain a complete understanding of the coatings’ morphology and composition. The topographical analysis confirmed that dopamine significantly influenced the surface morphology and behavior of the nanocomposite. The FTIR spectrum of composite B, which combined PVA and chitosan, exhibited notable changes, including a decrease in both the intensity and frequency of the OH band. The potential of PVA‐chitosan‐dopamine coatings as effective corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in acidic environments offered practical solutions for diverse industrial applications.

Investigation of the energy gap and anti-corrosion activities of triethanolamine lauryl sulfate for carbon steel in 1.0 M HCl using DFT theory and electrochemical studies

Corrosion inhibition is a critical strategy in the industry to mitigate the detrimental effects of corrosion. Green inhibitors are a concern and are encouraged to apply in various ways. Triethanolamine lauryl sulfate (TLS) investigates as a green corrosion inhibition for carbon steel in 1 M HCl using weight loss and electrochemical measurements. A weight loss study revealed that 100 μM of TLS had the highest inhibition effectiveness of 95.7 %. Tafel estimations from the polarization profiles showed that 100 μM had an optimal inhibition effectiveness of about 96.3 %. The physical adsorption of TLS on the carbon steel surface, which followed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm, was ascribed to the inhibitive effect. The results declare that TLS functioned as an inhibitor of mixed types. For TLS, the adsorption Gibb's free energy is −19.6 kJ mol−1, indicating spontaneous and physisorption-based. The energy gap of TLS is evaluated theoretically using density functional theory (DFT), and a lower value indicates its great donation ability of electron’s to the carbon steel. The mechanism of adsorption of TLS onto the metal surfaces is illustrated in terms of experimental and theoretical calculations.

Enhanced steel corrosion inhibition through microbially induced carbonate precipitation with facultative anaerobic denitrifying bacterium

Denitrification processes are increasingly studied as a promising alternative to ureolytic microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP). This study investigates the capabilities of the newly isolated denitrifying bacterium, Stutzerimonas stutzeri CF3, in promoting calcium carbonate precipitation and enhancing steel corrosion resistance under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The facultative anaerobe was tested across a range of environmental parameters including pH levels (7.5–11.5), C/N ratios (5−15), NaCl salinity (0–5 %), and Ca²⁺ concentrations (0–30 mmol), to determine its adaptability and effectiveness in precipitating calcium carbonate. Our findings reveal that S. stutzeri CF3 not only survives but thrives under extreme conditions, demonstrating significant nitrate removal and robust calcium carbonate precipitation, particularly in high salinity and variable pH environments. Furthermore, the study examines the implications of S. stutzeri CF3 on steel corrosion, particularly Q235 steel, using Tafel polarization techniques, demonstrating enhanced corrosion resistance. These results underscore the dual utility of S. stutzeri CF3 in microbial self-healing concrete applications, pointing to its potential to improve the durability and integrity of construction materials by leveraging its versatile metabolic pathways.

Inhibition Potentials of Solanum macrocarpon Leave Extract as a Green Corrosion Inhibitor of Mild Steel in an Acidic Solution

Inhibition Potentials of Solanum macrocarpon Leave Extract as a Green Corrosion Inhibitor of Mild Steel in an Acidic Solution

Synthesis and evaluation of silicon dioxide nanoparticle coating as corrosion inhibitor for mild steel

Synthesis and evaluation of silicon dioxide nanoparticle coating as corrosion inhibitor for mild steel

Sodium humate as green corrosion inhibition for enhanced corrosion resistance of EH40 ship plate steel

A new green corrosion inhibitor was extracted and prepared from available and inexpensive natural humic plant humus for the corrosion inhibition of EH40 steel in a 15 % HCl medium. The corrosion inhibition properties of SH were evaluated using weight loss, cyclic voltammetry, potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The morphology of EH40 steel was characterized using scanning electron microscopy, atomic force spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. It was found that, the optimum concentration of sodium humate was 1.0 gL−1 with an inhibition efficiency of above 95 %. The corresponding corrosion inhibition mechanism was proposed, in which the corrosion inhibitor formed a film on the surface of EH40 steel as a result of the synergistic adsorption effect of chemistry and physics, improving its corrosion retention in the strong acid medium.

Turning Waste into Treasure: Invasive Plant Ambrosia trifida L Leaves as a High-Efficiency Inhibitor for Steel in Simulated Pickling Solutions

High toxicity is the main reason for the limited application of traditional corrosion inhibitors. Herein, it is critical to find a green, efficient, and long-term stable alternative substitute for the hazardous and conventional corrosion inhibitor. Ambrosia trifida L is widely distributed in fields and riverside wetlands as an invasive plant in China. According to the concept of turning waste into treasure, the extract of Ambrosia trifida L leaves (ATL) has the potential to address this issue due to its natural origin and abundant presence of heterocyclic organics. Therefore, ATL, as a green corrosion inhibitor, is prepared for the first time via a simple water-based extraction method. FT-IR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) and UV-Vis (UV-visible) indicate that ATL extract contains abundant heterocyclic organics with conjugated structures, which exhibit the potential to become a high-efficiency inhibitor. Notably, the active sites of ATL molecules and their interaction with Q235 steel at the molecular/atomic level are revealed via theoretical calculations. The highest Ebinding value observed for the major components in the ATL extract is 259.66 kcal/mol, implying a significant adsorption capacity. The electrochemical results verify that microdose ATL extract can prominently inhibit steel corrosion, and the highest inhibition efficiency (η) is 97.5% (1000 mg/L). Following immersion for 24 h, the η value is enhanced to 99.0%, indicating a reliable and long-term ATL extract protection film is formed on the steel surface in harsh acidic solutions. The results of the weight loss, SEM (scanning electron microscope), and LSCM (laser scanning confocal microscopy) are consistent with the above conclusions. Finally, this study anticipates providing theoretical support for developing novel green plant extract inhibitors and aiding in their application in industrial pickling environments.

Development of a 2D Network of Zinc Organophosphate with an 8-Membered Ring Core Having Corrosion Resistance Properties.

A 2D framework, i.e., zinc organophosphate [Zn(tmbiph)(solv)]2 (tmbiphH4 = tetramethyl-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diyl bis(dihydrogen phosphate); solv = 2H2O) with an eight-membered ring core has been developed. The hierarchical and rational design of the zinc organophosphate has been achieved by carefully designing an organic bisphosphate ligand with two phosphate monoester groups connected through extended aromatic rings with methyl groups at ortho positions. The development of the 2D network does not require any ancillary ligand due to participating two phosphate groups in the coordination. The molecular structure of the zinc phosphate material was determined using single-crystal X-ray diffraction technique. The corresponding Co and Cu organophosphate materials have also been obtained using the same synthetic method; however, these compounds could not be confirmed structurally due to nondiffractive crystal quality. The structure of zinc organophosphate obtained through single-crystal X-ray diffraction has also been supported by theoretical calculations using density function theory. Furthermore, the zinc organophosphate material has been employed as an corrosion inhibitor for mild steel. The effect of the zinc phosphate framework on mild steel in 1 M HCl was investigated using polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. This study suggests that such phosphate inhibitors can be employed in the form of a thin protective layer on the electrode surface.

Versatility of Juçara (Euterpe edulis) extracts as corrosion inhibitors of mild steel in different environments: 1 mol L−1 HCl and CO2-saturated formation water

Developing a sustainable and environmentally friendly inhibitor remains an essential and challenging goal for corrosion control. Here, different extracts from the same biomass (Juçara - Euterpe edulis) were applied as a new inhibitor for mild steel in different corrosive medium: 1 mol L−1 HCl (pH 0) and simulated CO2-saturated formation water (pH 5). Depending on the extraction process, the anticorrosive capacity of extracts may increase, a fact verified in gravimetric tests, reaching 94.4% maximum inhibition efficiency for the acidic medium (1000 mg L−1 of Juçara pulp in 48 h of immersion) and 86.1% inhibition efficiency for the saline medium (600 mg L−1 of Juçara pulp extract assisted by ultrasound in 24 h of immersion). Gravimetric tests, electrochemical tests, and surface and biochemical characterization analyses were carried out to better understand these extracts' performance. This work provides an interesting application of the same biomass effectively acting in different corrosive medium, depending on the extraction method.

Assessing the anti-corrosive properties of 2,6-bis-furan-2ylmethylene-cyclohexanone as a carbon steel inhibitor in 0.5M HCl solution

This study investigated the effectiveness of 2, 6-bis-furan-2ylmethylene-cyclohexanone as a corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in a 0.5 M HCl solution through a combination of experimental and theoretical methodologies. Firstly, the study employs weight loss analysis, revealing that the presence of 0.10 ppm of the inhibitor leads to a significant inhibition efficiency (IE) of 93.40 % against corrosion in acidic conditions. Polarization studies further elucidate the inhibitor's role, indicating its function as a cathodic inhibitor and its influence on the corrosion kinetics of carbon steel. Moreover, alternating current impedance spectra are analysed to gain insights into the electrical behaviour of the protective film formed by the inhibitor and its consequent impact on the corrosion resistance of carbon steel. The composition of this protective film, comprising both carbon steel and 2, 6-bis-furan-2ylmethylene-cyclohexanone was confirmed using advanced imaging techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). In addition to experimental investigation, a theoretical approach was also employed using Density Functional Theory (DFT) to predict the behaviour of the inhibitor at the molecular level on the surface of carbon steel. This theoretical framework facilitates a deeper understanding of the interactions between inhibitor molecules and the carbon steel surface, offered insights into the mechanisms underlying the corrosion inhibition process. By utilizing quantum chemical calculations, the study aims to elucidate the inhibitory properties of 2,6-bis-furan-2ylmethylene-cyclohexanone against corrosion of carbon steel, thereby contributing to the development of effective corrosion inhibition strategies.

Lawsonia inermis as an Active Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel in Hydrochloric Acid

Corrosion is a pervasive issue affecting metallic materials, with significant economic losses and safety risks in various industries. Mild steel, extensively used in construction and infrastructure, faces corrosion challenges, needing continuous research to effectively tackle them. Natural compounds, because of their eco-friendliness and corrosion inhibition potential, are attracting increasing interest for corrosion control. Lawsonia inermis (LI), or henna, a plant native to North Africa and South Asia, has bioactive compounds exhibiting corrosion inhibitive properties. This study comprehensively explores Lawsonia inermis’s effectiveness as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel, filling a gap in the existing research. Various concentrations of Lawsonia inermis extract were tested in acidic solutions to evaluate corrosion inhibition. Experimental results indicate a significant reduction in the corrosion rate with increasing inhibitor concentration. Langmuir adsorption isothermal analyses reveal the adsorption mechanism as being an interplay between physisorption and weak chemisorption. Electrochemical measurements demonstrate Lawsonia inermis’s capability to alter both cathodic and anodic reactions, leading to improved corrosion resistance. Scanning electron microscopy reveals a more even surface morphology in the presence of the Lawsonia inermis, indicating corrosion inhibition. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses identified organic compounds in Lawsonia inermis extract responsible for corrosion inhibition. Overall, Lawsonia inermis emerges as a promising corrosion inhibitor for mild steel, offering excellent inhibition efficiencies. This study sheds light on its adsorption behaviour and provides insights into its mechanism of action. These findings underscore Lawsonia inermis’s potential as a green corrosion inhibitor, paving the way for its practical application in industrial corrosion protection strategies.

Alkaloid extract of seed Citrullus colocynthis as novel green inhibitor for mild steel corrosion in one molar HCl acid solution: DFT and MC/MD approaches

The study was designed to explore the corrosion prevention capabilities of Citrullus colocynthis seeds alkaloid-rich extract (CSEA) on MS in a 1 M HCl environment by use of electrochemical and theoretical methods. Notably, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization were used to probe the impact of immersion time and temperature. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and spanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to confirm the presence of a protective layer on the substrate surface. Density functional theory (DFT) method was used to optimize the investigated species by use of B3LYP/6–31 + G(d, p) level of theory. The global and local quantum chemical reactivity descriptors were calculated to explore the inhibition corrosion efficiency and to identify the most favorable sites for electrophilic and nucleophilic attacks. Monte Carlo (MC) and molecular dynamics simulation (MDS) methods were used to study the interactions between corrosion inhibitor and metal surface. Noteworthy, results showed that CSEA exhibited an impressive inhibition efficiency, which reached 94.3% with a concentration of 2 g/L at 298 K. Potentiodynamic polarization revealed that the extract acted as a mixed-type inhibitor. Nyquist graphs showed that charge-transfer resistance and dæouble-layer capacitance both rised with increasing CSEA concentration, suggesting better inhibition efficiency. Notably, the Langmuir adsorption isotherm is well-aligned with the adsorption of inhibitor compounds. Importantly, all aforementioned theoretical methods were in agreement with the experimental findings. The outcome of the present work supported using Citrullus colocynthis seeds alkaloid-rich extract as ecofriendly agents to prevent corrosion.

Investigation of a pyridazinone derivative as a corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in acidic conditions using experimental and theoretical methods

The anti-corrosive properties of the newly synthesized compound pyridazinone, especially 2-(3-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-oxopropyl)-4-(3-nitrobenzyl)-6-phenylpyridazin-3(2 H)-one (FOPP), on carbon steel in a 1 M hydrochloric acid solution were thoroughly investigated. We used multiple techniques, including potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), surface morphology analysis, contact angle measurements, UV–visible spectrometry, and quantum chemical calculations. The maximum corrosion inhibition efficiency of FOPP was found to be 96.3 % at 10−3 M concentration and 303 K temperature. PDP studies showed that FOPP acts as a mixed-type inhibitor with anodic predominance. The hydrophobicity of the surface of the metal studied showed considerable improvement by the FOPP coating using the contact angle technique. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDX) were used to confirm the results obtained using the contact angle technique. The two methods of theoretical chemistry, namely density functional analysis (DFT) and molecular dynamics simulation, were used to gain a better understanding of the interactions between the inhibitor and the surface of the metal studied and the ability of this inhibitor to adhere to the surface of the iron and form a protective film.

Investigating the efficacy of phenolic Schiff bases as corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in acidic environments: Integrating experimental and theoretical approaches (Part B)

Our research employs a holistic methodology to assess the efficacy of a series of phenolic Schiff bases as corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in a 1 M HCl solution. Through complementary studies, we aim to unravel the corrosion inhibition mechanism by investigating neutral, protonated, and complex forms of inhibitors using advanced computational and statistical methods. This initial investigation specifically involves evaluating the effectiveness of two phenolic Schiff bases through weight loss tests (WL) and electrochemical techniques. The study focuses on the corrosion inhibitory properties of two phenolic Schiff bases, namely 4,4′-((1E,1′E)-(ethane-1,2-diylbis(azaneylylidene))bis(methaneylylidene))diphenol (PSB7) and (1E,1′E)-N,N'-(ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(1-(4-nitrophenyl)methanimine) (PSB8), on mild steel (MS). Results from weight loss and electrochemical methods indicate that inhibition efficiency improves with decreasing temperature and increasing inhibitor concentration, reaching 94 % (for PSB7) and 93 % (for PSB8) at 303 K and 1 × 10−3 M, respectively. Consequently, both PSB7 and PSB8 function effectively as inhibitors in a mixed form. The adherence of both inhibitors to the surface follows the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. Additionally, SEM and EDS experiments provide evidence of adsorption on the surface. The findings from Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Molecular Dynamic Simulations (MDS) consistently match the actual data, maintaining the order of inhibition efficiency (PSB7 > PSB8).

Combined electrochemical, surface analysis and DFT/MD-simulations to evaluate choline histidine ionic liquid as a green corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in neutral medium

The current research reports the performance of choline histidine ionic liquids ([Ch][His]) as novel corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution. According to the experimental findings, [Ch][His] significantly inhibit the mild steel corrosion. The inhibition efficiency is positively correlated with the inhibitor concentration and negatively correlated with the temperature. Optimal inhibition efficiency was 89.8 %, 86.9 % and 84.0 % for weight-loss analysis, polarization test (PDP) and electrochemical impedance (EIS) at 3000 ppm. The surface analysis visualized that the surface of mild steel was less corroded and damaged in the solution containing [Ch][His] compared to the blank solution. The [Ch][His] showed the anodic type of mild steel corrosion inhibition with both chemisorption and physisorption nature following Langmuir adsorption isotherms. MD simulation and Quantum chemical calculation evidenced that [Ch][His] forms a barrier film on the mild steel surface, confirming the experimental results.

Phytochemicals as eco-friendly corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in sulfuric acid solutions: a review

Abstract Plant extracts represent abundant sources of biomolecules distributed throughout various plant parts. These biomolecules are extracted using diverse solvents and methods. Within these plant extracts lie bioactive compounds, known for their antioxidant properties and anticorrosive capabilities. Detecting and isolating these active biomolecules from plant extracts necessitates analytical techniques such as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The active biomolecules within plant extracts contain heteroatoms within their structures, facilitating their adsorption on steel surfaces and conferring corrosion inhibition properties. The advantages of plant extracts as green corrosion inhibitors include ready availability, ease of application, eco-friendly characteristics, and cost-effectiveness. These extracts adhere to steel surfaces, blocking their active sites and effectively reducing the corrosion rate. This review consolidates the findings on the corrosion inhibition potential of plant extracts from various plant parts, elucidating their performance in different concentrations of sulfuric acid.

Grape Seed Extract as an Environment-Friendly Green Inhibitor for Corrosion of Mild Steel in 1 M Sulfamic Acid

AbstractA corrosion inhibition study of mild steel in 1 M sulfamic acid was conducted using grape seed extract (GSE) as a possible green inhibitor. Electrochemical techniques were adopted to measure the corrosion rate in both the absence and presence of the GSE. Conditions were standardized to obtain optimum inhibition efficiency by varying the concentration of inhibitor and temperature. The kinetic parameters were calculated using the Arrhenius equation. Surface analysis was conducted by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM) techniques. A suitable mechanism was proposed for the corrosion inhibition process. Grape seed extract showed a maximum efficiency of 65%, with a concentration of 0.24 g/L at 303 K from potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) studies. With the increase in temperature, the efficiency decreased, resulting in the GSE inhibitor’s physical adsorption. Surface morphology studies supported the adsorption of GSE on mild steel. GSE acted as an efficient green inhibitor with environmental benefits.

Performance Evaluation of Bryophyllum Pinnatum Leaves Extract as Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel in 1 M Phosphoric Acid

Performance Evaluation of Bryophyllum Pinnatum Leaves Extract as Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel in 1 M Phosphoric Acid

Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of the Inhibitor Efficiency of Eucalyptus globulus Leaf Essential Oil (EuEO) on Mild Steel Corrosion in a Molar Hydrochloric Acid Medium.

As a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in a molar hydrochloric acid medium, we investigated the potential of Eucalyptus globulus essential oil (EuEO). Through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization curves, and theoretical methods, including DFT/B3LYP 6-31G (d, p) and Monte Carlo simulations, the interactions between the EuEO components and the steel surface were analyzed. D-Allose, Betulinaldehyde, and Uvaol were identified as the major active compounds in the GC-MS analysis. The experimental results showed that EuEO reached an inhibitory efficiency as high as 97% at a 1 g/L concentration. The findings suggest that EuEO operates as a mixed-type inhibitor, reducing both cathodic and anodic reactions, as well as building up a protective coating on the steel surface. Simulations also confirmed that EuEO molecules function as electron donors and acceptors, enhancing corrosion resistance.